WO2004071022A1 - Systeme de communication radio, dispositif de communication radio, procede de communication radio et programme associe - Google Patents

Systeme de communication radio, dispositif de communication radio, procede de communication radio et programme associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004071022A1
WO2004071022A1 PCT/JP2004/001065 JP2004001065W WO2004071022A1 WO 2004071022 A1 WO2004071022 A1 WO 2004071022A1 JP 2004001065 W JP2004001065 W JP 2004001065W WO 2004071022 A1 WO2004071022 A1 WO 2004071022A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wireless communication
station
beacon
time
transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2004/001065
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Kazuyuki Sakoda
Original Assignee
Sony Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to EP14194159.1A priority Critical patent/EP2860884B1/fr
Priority to KR1020047015005A priority patent/KR101380933B1/ko
Application filed by Sony Corporation filed Critical Sony Corporation
Priority to US10/500,591 priority patent/US7787437B2/en
Priority to IL16426404A priority patent/IL164264A0/xx
Priority to EP04707619.5A priority patent/EP1592174B1/fr
Priority to BRPI0403932-7A priority patent/BRPI0403932B1/pt
Priority to JP2005504834A priority patent/JP4581996B2/ja
Priority to ES04707619.5T priority patent/ES2528360T3/es
Publication of WO2004071022A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004071022A1/fr
Priority to HK06104769.5A priority patent/HK1084796A1/xx
Priority to US12/326,929 priority patent/US8625571B2/en
Priority to US12/335,121 priority patent/US8144685B2/en
Priority to US12/335,171 priority patent/US8391257B2/en
Priority to US14/051,177 priority patent/US8830986B2/en
Priority to US14/460,088 priority patent/US9265044B2/en
Priority to US14/989,584 priority patent/US9843935B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H04W52/0212—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave
    • H04W52/0216—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices managed by the network, e.g. network or access point is master and terminal is slave using a pre-established activity schedule, e.g. traffic indication frame
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H04W56/002—Mutual synchronization
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access, e.g. scheduled or random access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled or contention based access, e.g. random access, ALOHA, CSMA [Carrier Sense Multiple Access]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • Wireless communication system wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method, and computer program
  • the present invention constructs a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) system for performing data communication and the like, a self-supporting distributed network regardless of the control of the master station and slave stations and the controlled object.
  • the present invention provides a wireless communication system in which each communication station forms an autonomous distributed wireless network by notifying each other of beacons in which network information and the like are described at predetermined frame intervals.
  • the present invention relates to a wireless communication system, a wireless communication method, and a computer program, and in particular, a wireless communication system that forms an autonomous distributed wireless network while avoiding collisions of beacons transmitted by the respective communication stations with each other.
  • System, wireless communication device, wireless communication method, and computer program
  • BSS B asic Service
  • a BSS is composed of only a BSS defined in an infrastructure mode in which a master control station such as an Access Point (AP) exists, and multiple Mobile Stations (MTs).
  • AP Access Point
  • MTs Mobile Stations
  • IB SS Independent B
  • FIG. 30 An access point to perform coordination within a wireless communication system is essential.
  • the communication station SATO functions as an access point
  • the range in which radio waves reach around the own station is summarized together with the BSS, and so-called cellular system
  • Make up the cell of Mobile stations (SAT1 and SAT2) present in the vicinity of the access point are accommodated by the access point and join the network as one member of the BSS.
  • the access point transmits a control signal called a beacon at appropriate time intervals, and a mobile station capable of receiving this beacon recognizes that the access point is present in the vicinity, and further, the access point is further transmitted. Establish a connection with the point.
  • the station STA0 which is an access point, transmits a beacon (Beacon) at a fixed time interval, as shown on the right side of FIG.
  • the next beacon transmission time is reported in the beacon with the Target Beacon Transmit Time (TBTT) and Target / Beam parameters, and when the time reaches TBTT, the access point will be accessed. Is operating the beacon transmission procedure.
  • the mobile stations in the vicinity can recognize the next beacon transmission time by decoding the internal TBTT field by receiving a beacon. (If you do not need to receive it) Alternatively, the receiver may be powered off and multiple sleep states may occur until TBTT several times ahead.
  • the present invention is described in the present invention focusing on operating the network without the intervention of a master control station such as an access point, the infrastructure mode will be further described. Do not do.
  • each communication station autonomously defines an IBSS after a plurality of communication stations negotiate.
  • the Telecommunication Bureau defines TBTT at regular intervals at the end of the negotiation.
  • each communication station recognizes that it has become TBTT by referring to the clock in its own station, it recognizes that no one is transmitting beacons after the delay of the random time. In case, send beacons.
  • Figure 3 1 shows an example where two communication stations SAT1 and SAT2 form an IBBS. Therefore, in this case, the beacon will be transmitted by the IBSS every time the TBTT visits. There are also cases where beacons collide.
  • each communication station may enter a sleep state in which the power of the transmitting and receiving units is turned off as needed.
  • the signal transmission and reception procedure in this case will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the TBTT power when the sleep mode is applied in the IBSS, the TBTT power, the time zone of the ATIM Announcement Traffic Indication Message) ndow (hereinafter referred to as the ATIM window). Defined as).
  • all the communication stations belonging to the IBSS operate the receiving unit.
  • a station operating in the PU mode can also receive.
  • Each communication station transmits an ATIM packet addressed to any one of the above after a beacon is transmitted in the time zone of this ATIM window, if the own station has information addressed to someone. In this way, the receiver is notified that the own station holds the information addressed to the above.
  • the communication station that has received the ATIM packet keeps the receiving unit operating until reception from the station that has transmitted the ATIM packet ends.
  • FIG. 32 shows an example in which three communication stations STA1, STA2 and STA3 exist in the IBSS.
  • STA1, STA2, and STA3 communication stations operate the backoff timer while monitoring the media status for random time.
  • the example in Fig. 32 shows the case where the timer of the communication station STA1 finishes counting earliest and the communication station STA1 transmits a beacon. Since the communication station STA1 has transmitted a beacon, the other two communication stations STA2 and STA3 which have received this do not transmit a beacon.
  • the case where the communication station STA1 holds information addressed to the communication station STA2, and the communication station STA2 holds information to the communication station STA3.
  • station STA1 will each be for a further random period of time. Activate the pack-off timer while monitoring the media status
  • the station STA1 transmits an ATIM packet to the station STA2. .
  • the communication station STA2 feeds back to the communication station STA1 by returning an ACK packet indicating that it has been received.
  • STA3 operates the receiver to receive information from STA2 and STA2 operates STA1 in the subsequent sections as well. Operate the receiver to receive the information from.
  • the station STA1 since the timer of the communication station STA2 ends first, information addressed to the communication station STA3 is transmitted from the communication station STA2 first.
  • the station STA1 After the end of the transmission, the station STA1 operates the pack-off timer while monitoring the media state again for random time again, and transmits a bucket addressed to the station STA2 when the timer ends.
  • the communication station that does not receive ATIM packets in the ATIM window or does not hold information for anyone shuts off the transceiver until the next TBTT. Power consumption can be reduced.
  • IFS Inter Frame Space
  • SIFS Short IFS
  • PIFS PCF IFS
  • DIFS DIFS
  • CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
  • DCF the Distributed Coordination Function
  • exceptionally urgent packets such as ACK
  • FIG. 34 shows an example of transmitting some information (D ata) from the communication station STA0 to the communication station STA1. Prior to sending the actual information, the station STA0 sends an RTS (Request To Send) packet to the STA1 that is the destination of the information according to the CSMA procedure.
  • D ata some information
  • RTS Request To Send
  • the station STA1 If the station STA1 can receive this, it sends a Clear To Send (CTS) packet that provides feedback to the station STA0 that the RTS packet has been received. If the CTS packet is successfully received by the transmitting station STA0, the medium is considered clear and data packet is immediately transmitted. When communication station STA1 has successfully received this, it returns an ACK, and transmission of one packet is completed.
  • CTS Clear To Send
  • Fig. 35 it is assumed that the communication station STA2 wants to send information to the communication station STA3. After confirming that the medium is clear for a certain period of time according to the CSMA procedure, the communication station STA2 sends an RTS bucket to the communication station STA3. This packet is also received by the communication station STA1 located in the vicinity of the communication station STA2. Since the station STA1 knows that the station STA2 wants to send some information by receiving the RTS socket, the medium is occupied by the station STA2 until the sending of the information is completed. It recognizes it as a thing and recognizes that the medium is occupied without monitoring the medium during this period. This work is called establishing a Network Allocation Vector (NAV). In RTS packets and CTS packets, the length of time for occupying the media in the transaction is recorded.
  • NAV Network Allocation Vector
  • station STA1 When talking back, by receiving an RTS addressed to station STA3 from station STA2, station STA1 can now indicate in the RTS packet. It recognizes that the media is occupied for a set period and does not transmit. On the other hand, the communication station STA3 which has received the RTS packet feeds back to the communication station STA2 that the RTS packet has been received by returning the CTS packet. The CTS packet is also received by the communication station STA4 located in the vicinity of the communication station STA3. By decoding the contents of the CTS packet, the communication station STA4 recognizes that information is to be transmitted from the communication station STA2 to the communication station STA3, and in the future, the CTS packet will be transmitted. It recognizes that the media is occupied for a specified period and does not transmit.
  • the above RTS packet can receive the RTS bucket by the exchange of the CTS packet.
  • the “neighboring station of the transmitting station STA2” and the CTS bucket can be received. In the “neighbor station”, the transmission is prohibited, and this prevents the communication station STA2 from transmitting information to the station STA3 and the AC, without being disturbed by the sudden transmission from the neighbor station. It will be returned.
  • PCF Point Coordination Function
  • the basis of PCF is polling, it does not operate in ad hoc mode, and it is performed under access point control only in infrastructure mode. That is, to perform access control with bandwidth guarantee, a coordinator such as an access point is required, and all control is performed by the access point.
  • station STA0 is the access point and communicates with station STA1. It is assumed that station STA2 has joined the BSS managed by access point STA0. In addition, it is assumed that the communication station STA1 guarantees the bandwidth and transmits information.
  • the communication station STA0 polls the communication station STA1 at intervals of SIFS (CF-Poll in FIG. 36).
  • the station STA1 which has received the CF-Poll, is given the right to transmit data and is allowed to transmit data at SIFS intervals. Therefore, the communication station STA1 transmits data after SIFS.
  • the communication station STA0 returns an ACK to the transmission data, and when one transaction is completed, the communication station STA0 polls the communication station STA1 again.
  • FIG 36 also shows the case where the polling has failed for some reason.
  • Polling packet transmission indicated as CF-Poll follows SIFS. That is, if the communication station STA0 recognizes that the information is not sent from the communication station STA1 even after SIFS after polling, it assumes that the polling has failed and performs polling again after the PIFS interval. If this polling is successful, data will be sent from station STA1 and an ACK will be returned.
  • the communication station STA0 or the communication station STA1 performs the SIFS or PIFS interval before the DIFS time interval has passed. Since transmission is performed, the transmission right does not transfer to the communication station STA2, and the communication station STA1 receiving the polling always receives the priority right.
  • Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-9825 discloses an example of such access control for wireless communication.
  • the network construction is performed by the above-mentioned IEEE 802.il method.
  • a communication station accommodated in a BSS communicates with only communication stations belonging to the BSS, and an access point operates as a gateway with other BSSs. Do.
  • communication stations 1 5, 1 6, 1 7 constitute a power S IBSS (IBSS-A), and communication stations 1 0 1 1, 1 2, 1 3 (STA0, STA1, STA2, STA3) It is assumed that a power S IBSS (IBSS-B) is configured. At this time, there is no interference problem between IBSSs because each IBSS operates inde- pendently of each other. Consider the case where a new station 14 (STA 4) has appeared. Then, station 1 4 (STA 4) can receive both the signal from IBSS-A and the signal from IBSS-B.
  • Task 6 A Study on Separation of BSS by TDMA
  • IBSS-A IBSS
  • IBSS-B IBSS-A
  • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
  • FIG. 37 There is a method to separate by time division multiple access. An example of this case is shown in Figure 3-8. This is the method used in ARIB STD-T70 (HiSWANa) method and so on. A time zone dedicated to a child network is configured in the frame of a certain BSS. However, with this method, spatial reuse of resources is abandoned, and the efficiency of use is greatly reduced, which is a problem.
  • the present invention has been made in view of these points, and a communication system such as a wireless LAN system is used to construct a self-supporting distributed network regardless of control or non-control of the master station and slave stations.
  • the aim is to provide an excellent wireless communication system, a wireless communication device and a wireless communication method, and a computer program that solve the problem. Be the target.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an excellent wireless communication system, a wireless communication device and a wireless communication method, and a communication method capable of transmitting data while avoiding collisions in an autonomous distributed network. To provide data programs.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a network in which communication stations are configured to broadcast beacons, so that collisions of beacons among a plurality of communication stations can be suitably avoided.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an excellent wireless communication system capable of suitably forming an autonomous decentralized wireless network while avoiding collision of beacons transmitted from each communication station to each other.
  • Device and wireless communication method, and computer program Disclosure of the invention
  • the present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems.
  • the first aspect of the present invention relates to a wireless communication system comprising a plurality of communication stations having no relationship between a control station and a controlled station. It is a wireless communication system characterized by creating a network link by transmitting beacons describing information about the network.
  • system refers to a logical collection of multiple devices (or functional modules that implement specific functions), and each device or functional module is in a single case. It does not matter whether there is any.
  • each communication station broadcasts beacon information at predetermined time intervals, thereby making it possible to use nearby (that is, within the communication range). In addition to informing other communication stations of the network of its own, it notifies the network configuration. Also, the communication station performs a scan operation on each channel and detects that it has entered the communication range of the adjacent station by receiving a beacon signal, and is also described in the beacon. By deciphering the information, you can know the network configuration.
  • each communication station transmits neighbor signal information on beacon transmission timing in the beacon signal.
  • the communication station can not only receive the beacon but also the next adjacent station can receive it, as well as the network information of the adjacent station that can receive the beacon directly. Beacon information about stations or hidden terminals can also be obtained.
  • a newly joining communication station first tries scanning continuously, that is, continuously receives signals over the super frame length, and confirms the existence of beacons transmitted by neighboring stations. Do. If beacons are not received from nearby stations in this process, the communication station sets appropriate beacon transmission timing. On the other hand, when a beacon transmitted from a nearby station is received, it refers to the nearby device information described in each received beacon, and the timing at which none of the existing stations have sent a beacon is Set as the beacon transmission timing of the station.
  • each communication station is configured to acquire a preferential use period of traffic in accordance with the transmission of the beacon. Then, each communication station transmits only one regular beacon at the predetermined time interval, and permits one or more auxiliary beacons composed of signals similar to the regular beacon to be transmitted. You may do it.
  • the second aspect of the present invention there is no need to locate a specific control station.
  • a computer program written in a computer readable form to be executed by the computer, the step of generating a beacon signal for generating a beacon signal describing information on the own station, and the beacon for analyzing a beacon signal received from a neighboring station It is a computer program characterized by including a signal analysis step, a timing control step to control beacon transmission timing, and a.
  • a computer program according to a second aspect of the present invention is a computer program defined in a computer readable form so as to realize predetermined processing on a computer system.
  • the computer's program according to the second aspect of the present invention can exhibit a cooperative action on the computer's system by inserting / releasing the computer's program on the computer's system, and the wireless communication device To work.
  • the wireless communication device By activating a plurality of such wireless communication devices to construct a wireless network, the same operation and effect as those of the wireless communication system according to the first aspect of the present invention can be obtained.
  • an excellent wireless communication can be performed while avoiding collisions in an autonomous distributed network such as a master station / slave station without a control / uncontrollable relationship.
  • Communication system, wireless communication device, wireless communication method, and computer program can be provided.
  • an excellent wireless communication system, a wireless communication device, and a wireless communication system capable of suitably forming an autonomous distributed wireless network while avoiding collision of beacons transmitted by each communication station with each other.
  • a wireless communication system capable of suitably forming an autonomous distributed wireless network while avoiding collision of beacons transmitted by each communication station with each other.
  • FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement example of communication devices according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a timing diagram showing an example of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a timing diagram showing an example of beacon transmission timing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a part of the beacon description information according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example of the NO B I and N B A I processing procedures according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of the definition of the transmission non-permission interval according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a first example of a beacon collision scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a second example of a beacon collision scenario according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 shows a beacon transmission offset according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the
  • FIG. 11 is an explanatory view showing a part of beacon description information according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing an example of an M-sequence generation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing an example of timing control processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is an explanatory drawing showing a definition example of packet intervals according to one embodiment of the present invention. .
  • FIG. 15 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of a transmission priority period according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is an explanatory drawing showing a transmission priority section and a competitive transmission section according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is an explanatory view showing an example of a bucket format according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of a beacon signal format according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19 is a timing diagram showing an example (example 1) of the communication state in the communication station according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a timing diagram showing an example (example 2) of the communication state in the communication station according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 21 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of time axis resource allocation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 22 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of information used for beacon transmission timing determination according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 3 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of band reservation processing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 24 shows the quiet packet according to one embodiment of the present invention It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of utilization of.
  • FIG. 25 is an explanatory view showing a configuration example of a quiet bucket according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of a PHY frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 27 is an explanatory diagram of an example (example 1) of a media scan according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 28 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of transmitting data plural times according to one embodiment of the present invention. .
  • FIG. 29 is an explanatory view showing an example (example 2) of a media scan according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 30 is an explanatory view showing an example (infra mode) of the conventional wireless communication system.
  • FIG. 31 is an explanatory view showing an example (ad hoc mode) of a conventional wireless communication system.
  • FIG. 32 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of a signal transmission procedure in the conventional ad hoc mode.
  • FIG. 33 is an explanatory view showing an example of a bucket interval in the conventional wireless communication system.
  • FIG. 34 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of the procedure of CSMA / CA in the conventional wireless communication system.
  • FIG. 35 is an explanatory view showing an operation example of CSMA / CA in the conventional wireless communication system.
  • FIG. 36 is an explanatory drawing showing an example of band reservation transmission in a conventional wireless communication system.
  • FIG. 37 is an explanatory view showing an example of a communication state in the conventional wireless communication system.
  • Figure 38 shows the sub-slot configuration in a conventional wireless communication system It is explanatory drawing which shows an example.
  • the communication propagation path assumed in the present embodiment is wireless, and a single transmission medium (when the link is not separated by the frequency channel) is used to connect the network between a plurality of devices. It is supposed to be built. However, the same can be said even when multiple frequency channels exist as transmission media.
  • the communication assumed in the present embodiment is a store-and-forward traffic, and information is transferred on a packet basis.
  • the processing at each communication station described below is basically the processing executed by all the communication stations participating in the network. However, in some cases, not all communication stations that configure the network execute the processing described below.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of arrangement of communication devices constituting a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • communication devices operate autonomously in a distributed manner without forming a specific control station, and a so-called ad hoc network is formed.
  • communication devices # 0 to # 6 are distributed in the same space.
  • each communication device is indicated by a broken line, and it is possible to communicate with other communication devices within that range and defined as a range in which the signal transmitted by oneself interferes.
  • Ru That is, communication device # 0 is in a range where it can communicate with communication devices # 1, # 4, and so on in the vicinity, and communication device # 1 can communicate with communication devices # 0, # 2, # 4, and so on.
  • communication device # 2 is in the communicable range with communication devices # 1, # 3, # 6, which are in the vicinity, and communication device # 3 is in the vicinity
  • the communication device # 2 is in the communicable range with the communication device # 4
  • the communication device # 4 is in the communicable range with the communication devices # 0, # 1, # 5, and the communication device # 5 is in the vicinity.
  • Communication device # 4 is within the communication range with communication device # 4
  • communication device # 6 is within the communication range with communication device # 2, which is nearby.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a functional configuration of a wireless communication apparatus operating as a communication station in a wireless network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wireless communication device shown in the figure avoids collisions by effectively performing channel access in the same wireless system in an autonomous distributed communication environment in which no control station is arranged, thereby avoiding network collisions.
  • the wireless communication device 1 00 has an interface 1 0 1, a data '1 2 0 2, a central control unit 1 0 3, a beacon generation unit 1 0 4, and a wireless transmission unit 1 It consists of 0 6, a timing control unit 1 0 7, an antenna 1 0 9, a radio reception unit 1 10, a beacon analysis unit 1 1 2, and an information storage unit 1 1 3.
  • the interface 101 exchanges various types of information with an external device (for example, a personal computer (not shown) or the like) connected to the wireless communication apparatus 100.
  • an external device for example, a personal computer (not shown) or the like
  • buffer 1 2 Before sending out the data sent from the device connected via interface 1 0 1 or the data received via the wireless transmission path via interface 1 0 2, buffer 1 2 It is used to store it properly.
  • the central control unit 1 0 3 centrally manages a series of information transmission and reception processing and access control of the transmission path in the wireless communication apparatus 1 0 0. Come on.
  • operation control such as collision avoidance processing at the time of a beacon collision is performed.
  • the beacon generation unit 104 generates a beacon signal that is periodically exchanged with wireless communication devices in the vicinity.
  • the wireless communication device 100 In order for the wireless communication device 100 to operate the wireless network, it defines its own beacon transmission position and beacon reception position from nearby stations. These pieces of information are stored in the information storage unit 113 and described in a beacon signal to notify the surrounding wireless communication devices. The configuration of beacon signal will be described later. Since the wireless communication device 100 transmits a beacon at the beginning of the transmission frame period, the transmission frame period in the channel used by the wireless communication device 100 is defined by the beacon interval.
  • the wireless transmission unit 106 performs predetermined modulation processing to wirelessly transmit data and beacon signals temporarily stored in the data buffer 102. Also, the wireless reception unit 1 10 receives and processes information such as information and beacons sent from other wireless communication devices at a predetermined time.
  • wireless transmission / reception method in the wireless transmission unit 106 and the wireless reception unit 110 for example, various communication methods suitable for relatively short distance communication applicable to the wireless LAN can be applied. Specifically, UW B (Ultra W ide B and) method, OF DM (Orthogona 1 F requency D division M ultip 1 ex ing: orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) method, C DMA (C ode D division M ultiple Access Code division multiple access) can be adopted.
  • UW B Ultra W ide B and
  • OF DM Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • C DMA C ode D division M ultiple Access Code division multiple access
  • the antenna 10 wirelessly transmits signals on a predetermined frequency channel to other wireless communication devices, or collects signals sent from other wireless communication devices.
  • a single antenna is provided to It shall not be possible in parallel to receive at the same time.
  • the timing control unit 107 controls the timing for transmitting and receiving radio signals. For example, it controls its own beacon transmission timing at the beginning of the transmission frame cycle, beacon reception timing from other communication devices, data transmission / reception timing with other communication devices, scan operation cycle, etc. Do.
  • the beacon analysis unit 112 analyzes the beacon signal received from the adjacent station to analyze the presence of the wireless communication device in the vicinity. For example, information such as the reception timing of the beacon of the adjacent station and the reception timing of the neighbor beacon is stored in the information storage unit 1 1 3 as the neighboring device information.
  • the information storage unit 1 1 3 is obtained from execution procedure instructions (a program describing a collision avoidance processing procedure etc.) such as a series of access control operations to be executed in the central control unit 1 0 3, and analysis results of received beacons. Store information on nearby devices.
  • execution procedure instructions a program describing a collision avoidance processing procedure etc.
  • each communication station broadcasts beacon information at predetermined time intervals on a predetermined channel to allow other communication stations in the vicinity (that is, within the communication range) to communicate. It informs the network configuration as well as notifying the existence of itself.
  • the beacon transmission period is defined as a super frame (SuperFrame), for example, 80 ms.
  • a newly joining communication station listens to a beacon signal from a neighboring station by scanning operation, detects that it has entered the communication range, and decodes the information described in the beacon. You can learn more about the network configuration. Then, while loosely synchronizing with beacon reception timing, set the beacon transmission timing of your own station to the timing when beacons are not transmitted from neighboring stations. Processing is executed. Next, an example of packet format mapping according to the present embodiment is shown in FIG. At the beginning of the packet, a preamble consisting of a unique code is added to indicate the presence of the packet. The payload area immediately after the preamble contains the bucket attribute, length, transmission power, and payload transmission rate if the PHY is multi-transmission rate mode. .
  • the transmission speed is reduced so that the required SNR can be several dB lower than the payload section.
  • This heading area is different from the so-called MAC header, and the MAC header is included in the Payload section.
  • the payload part is the part shown as PSDU (PHY Service Data Unit) in Fig.17, and the bearer bit sequence including control signal and information is stored.
  • PSDU is composed of a MAC header and an MSDU (MAC Service Data Unit), and the MSDU part stores the data string passed from the upper layer.
  • the preamble length is 8 [usec]
  • the bit rate of the payload section is transmitted at 100 Mbps
  • the basic access procedure in this embodiment is the same CSMA / CA as in the conventional case, and transmission is performed after confirming that the medium is clear before transmission.
  • each communication station participating in the network transmits beacons periodically in order to inform the surrounding area of the existence of the communication station.
  • the cycle is 8 0 [msec]
  • every 8 0 [msec] The following explanation is given using the case of sending a message, but it is not limited to 80 [msec].
  • each communication station synchronizes gently while receiving and confirming beacons transmitted from nearby communication stations.
  • the new communication station sets its own beacon transmission timing at the time when beacons are not transmitted from nearby communication stations. An example is shown below.
  • the communication station [number 01] can start transmitting beacons at appropriate times.
  • B01 indicates the transmission position (timing) of the beacon transmitted by the communication station [number 01].
  • the beacon transmission period is defined as a superframe (SuperfRame), and the beacon interval here is 8 0 [msec].
  • the position shown by giving a communication station number to B is the beacon transmission timing.
  • the newly-entered communication station is monitored in the middle of the longest beacon interval in the range where it can hear so that it does not collide with the beacons transmitted by other communication stations already deployed in the superframe. Start sending a message. For example, when a new communication station [No. 02] appears in the beacon transmission state as shown in FIG. 3 (a), as shown in FIG. 3 (b), while recognizing the existence of the communication station 01, Transmission starts at the middle of the beacon interval of the communication station [No. 01]. From this point onward, the newly entering communication stations within the communication range set their own beacon transmission timing so as not to collide with the existing beacon arrangement. At this time, each communication station uses the priority area immediately after beacon transmission.
  • beacon transmission timing Since transmission timing (TPP) is acquired (described later), it is better for transmission efficiency to be better if the beacon transmission timing of each communication station is evenly distributed within the transmission frame period rather than densely. . Therefore, in this embodiment, basically, the beacon transmission is started approximately in the middle of the time zone where the beacon interval is the longest within the range where oneself can hear.
  • the beacon interval starts sending at the middle timing.
  • the beacon interval narrows as communication stations occur in the vicinity. If the beacon interval narrows in this way, the bandwidth (transmission frame period) will be filled up with beacons, so the minimum beacon interval will be set so that the bandwidth will not overflow in the bandwidth.
  • Figure 4 shows an example configuration of beacon transmission timing that can be placed in a superframe.
  • the passage of time in a super frame consisting of 80 ms is represented like a watch in which the hour hand moves clockwise on the ring.
  • the time from when a total of 16 positions 0 to F can transmit beacons from 0 to F, that is, the "slot" where the beacon transmission timing can be placed. Is configured.
  • the beacon transmission tie of the newly joining station is performed approximately at the middle of the beacon interval set by the existing communication station. It is assumed that beacon arrangement is performed according to the recording algorithm when setting the mings in order. If B min is specified as 5 ms, up to 16 beacons can be placed in one super frame. That is, 16 or more communication stations can not enter the network.
  • each beacon has a time offset slightly due to the TBTT (Trigger Beacon Transmission T ime) power that is the beacon transmission time. Has been sent at the same time. This is called "T B T offset".
  • the T B T offset value is determined by pseudo random numbers. This pseudo random number is determined by a uniquely determined pseudo random sequence T O I S (T B T T O f f s i t i i t i s i t i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i q e n e c e) and T O I S is updated every superframe period.
  • beacon transmission can be performed even if two communication stations have beacon transmission timing in the same slot on the superframe.
  • the time can be shifted, and even if beacons collide in one superframe period, each communication station listens to each other's beacon in another superframe period (or, neighboring communication stations both beacons). Can hear the beacon of the own station has collided.
  • the communication station broadcasts to the neighboring stations the beacon information including T O I S which is set every super frame cycle (described later).
  • each communication station is required to perform reception operation before and after beacons transmitted by the own station when data transmission / reception is not performed. Also, even if data is not transmitted or received, scanning is performed by operating the receiver continuously for one superframe once every several seconds, even if data transmission and reception is not performed. It is also mandatory to check if there is a change in presence or if there is a deviation in the TBTT of each peripheral station.
  • “Progress” is defined as TBTT within ⁇ B min / 2 milliseconds based on the TBTT group recognized by the own station, “+ B min / If the time within 2 milliseconds is defined as TBTT, it is defined as “delayed”, and the time is corrected to the latest TBTT.
  • step 1 the phase where more communication stations start transmitting beacons in the procedure above which they can not enter this network is called step 1 here.
  • Fig. 5 shows a description example of the Neighboring Beacon Offset Information (NBOI) field as one of the information transmitted by beacon.
  • NBOI Neighboring Beacon Offset Information
  • the minimum interval Bmin 5 [msec] and there are only 16 beacon transmission positions, so the NBOI field length is 16 bits. However, it is not limited to 16 bits.
  • an example of the NBOI field in which the communication station [number 0] in FIG. 4 conveys that “the beacons from the communication station [number 1] and the communication station [number 9] can be received” is It is shown.
  • the bit corresponding to the relative position of the receivable beacon mark if beacon is received, and allocate space if not received.
  • the 0th bit, the 1st bit and the 9th bit are marked.
  • the mark of the 0th bit indicates that its own beacon is being transmitted, and the mark of the 1st bit is Bico at a timing delayed by B min * 1 from the TBTT of the beacon. Indicates that a message has been received.
  • the mark at the 9th bit indicates that a beacon is received at a timing delayed by B min * 9 from the TBTT signal of the beacon.
  • NBAI Neighboring Beacon Activity Information
  • the two pieces of information, NBOI and NBAI provide information that the local station receives a beacon at that beacon position in the superframe. That is, the NBOI and NBAI fields included in the beacon will notify the following 2 bits of information for each communication station.
  • FIG. 6 shows a state in which the newly entered communication station A sets the T B T of its own station based on the N B O I of each beacon obtained from the beacons received from the neighboring stations by the scanning operation.
  • the communication station is assumed to be able to receive beacons from three stations 02 in the super frame by the scan operation.
  • the beacon reception time of the peripheral station is treated as a relative position to the regular beacon of the local station, and the NBOI field describes this in a bitmap format (described above). Therefore, at communication station A, the NBOI fields of the three beacons received from the peripheral station are shifted according to the reception time of each beacon, and the corresponding positions of the bits are aligned on the time axis before each tie. Integrate and reference the NBOI by ORing the NBOI bits of Ming. Specifically, the procedure will be explained. Beacon 1 is received 3 slots delayed with reference to beacon 0 transmission timing. The communication station holds this information in a memory or the like. Then, shift the 3 slots behind the NBOI field contained in beacon 1 to the top, and store this information in the memory etc.
  • Station A sets the time of the 15th bit as its own normal beacon T B T T (that is, the head of its own super frame) and starts beacon transmission.
  • the NBOI field transmitted by station A corresponds to the reception time of each beacon of stations 0-2 capable of receiving beacons relative to the time of transmission of the regular beacon of the own station.
  • auxiliary station transmits the auxiliary beacon for the purpose of obtaining the priority transmission right, etc.
  • it is indicated by “OR of NBOI s” which integrates the NBOI field of the peripheral station after that. Find the longest run length of the space (zero) of the connected series, and set the auxiliary beacon transmission time at the location of the found space.
  • the auxiliary beacons are transmitted at the time of the space of the 6th bit and the 1st bit of "OR of NBO I s". The transmission timing has been set.
  • the NBOI field transmitted by the communication station A is added to the relative positions of the regular beacons of the local station and the beacons received from the neighboring stations, and further the local station is complemented. It is also marked where the auxiliary beacon is being transmitted (relative to the regular beacon), as indicated by "NBOI for TX (3 Beacon TX)".
  • each communication station transmits beacons by setting its own beacon transmission timing ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ in the processing procedure described above, the condition that each communication station is stationary and the arrival range of radio waves does not change. Below, you can avoid the collision of the computer. Also, according to the priority of transmission data, resources are allocated preferentially and Qo S communication is provided by transmitting auxiliary beacons (or signals similar to multiple beacons) in super frames. It is possible. In addition, each communication station can know the saturation of the system autonomously by referring to the number of beacons received from the periphery (NBOI field), so it is a distributed control system. It is possible to store priority traffic while taking into account the degree of system saturation for each communication station. Furthermore, each communication station refers to the NBOI field of the received beacon, and beacon transmission times are arranged so as not to collide with each other. Therefore, when multiple communication stations accommodate priority traffic. Even if there is a lot of collisions, you can avoid the situation.
  • the NBAI field is also marked with the same procedure by referring to the sum (OR). At beacon transmission time, control is performed not to transmit.
  • a communication station when a communication station transmits some information, it receives beacons transmitted from peripheral communication stations as needed, and receives them from each communication station. As a result of using the sum (OR) of NBAI fields obtained from the beacons, control is performed so that transmission is not performed at the beacon transmission time of the marked timing.
  • Figure 7 shows the process in this case.
  • the case where the NBAI field is 8 bits is shown, and the result of taking the sum (OR) of the NBAI field of each receiving beacon according to the above-mentioned procedure shows 0th bit and 4th bit.
  • the case where the 6th bit is marked is taken as an example.
  • the 0th bit is the beacon of the own station, and no additional processing is performed.
  • the 4th bit is marked, at time T4, which is the 4th beacon transmission time, the local station's transmission permission flag is lowered and transmission is not performed.
  • the 6th bit and at the corresponding time T6, the transmission permission plug of the own station is lowered so that transmission is not performed.
  • the transmitting station will not interfere with this reception, and reliable transmission / reception can be performed.
  • FIG. 8 A concrete example of how to use the information obtained from the NBOI bleed is explained using Fig.8.
  • the left side of Fig. 8 (a) to (c) shows the placement of the communication stations, and the right side shows an example of beacon transmission from each station.
  • Figure 8 (a) shows the case where only communication station 1 0 (STA 0) is present and beacon B 0 is being transmitted. At this time, since the communication station 10 tries to receive the beacon but can not receive it, set an appropriate beacon transmission timing, and start transmission of beacon B 0 in response to the arrival of this timing. It is possible. Here, beacons are transmitted every 8 0 [msec]. At this time, the NB OI field of the beacon transmitted from the communication station 10 is 0 for all bits.
  • Fig. 8 (b) shows the case where the communication station 1 1 (STA 1) has entered the communication range of the communication station 10. When communication station 1 1 attempts to receive a beacon, beacon B 0 of communication station 10 is received.
  • the beacon of communication station 10 since the NBOI field of beacon B 0 of communication station 10 is all bits 0 except for the bit indicating the transmission timing of the local station, the beacon of communication station 10 according to step 1 described above The beacon transmission timing is set approximately in the middle of the interval.
  • the NBOI field of beacon B 1 transmitted by communication station 1 1 sets 1 to the bit indicating the transmission timing of the own station and the bit indicating the beacon reception timing from communication station 10, Set other bits to 0. Also, when the communication station 1 0 recognizes the beacon from the communication station 1 1, the corresponding NBOI field is set to 1.
  • Fig. 8 (c) shows the case where the communication station 1 2 (STA 2) has entered the communication range of the communication station 1 1 after that.
  • the communication station 10 is a hidden terminal for the communication station 12.
  • the communication station 12 can not recognize that the communication station 11 receives the beacon from the communication support station 10, and as shown on the right side, the beacon is transmitted at the same time as the communication station 10 It may send and a collision may occur.
  • the NBOI field is used to avoid this phenomenon.
  • beacon B 1 from communication station 1 1 is received.
  • the communication station 1 2 is a beacon transmitted by the communication station 10 and the communication station 1 Determine beacon transmission timing around the middle of the beacon interval transmitted by 1 1.
  • the bit indicating the beacon transmission timing of the communication station 1 2 and the communication station 1 1 is set to 1.
  • a beacon is transmitted at the same time as communication station 1 0 and a collision occurs.
  • the NBOI field is used to avoid this phenomenon. That is, by using the NBOI field, the beacon collision scenario (first example) shown on the right of Fig. 8 (c) will not occur. '
  • each communication station broadcasts beacon information to notify other communication stations of their own existence and to notify the network configuration.
  • a newly-entered communication station detects that it has entered the communication range by receiving a beacon signal, and deciphers the information described in the beacon.
  • a new network can be constructed by beacon transmission avoiding collision with existing beacon signals.
  • FIG.9 An example of 2 is shown in Fig.9.
  • the second example is an example in which systems that have already built a network approach each other.
  • communication station 1 0 (STA0) and communication station 1 1 (STA1) exist in a range where radio waves can not reach between communication station 1 2 (STA2) and communication station 1 3 (STA3).
  • Communication station 1 0 and communication station 1 1 communicate. Also, completely independent of this, communication station 1 2 and communication station 1
  • FIG. 10 shows the T B T T and the actual transmission time for beacon transmission.
  • the beacon transmission timing is set every 8 0 [msec] and in step 1.
  • the beacon transmission time defined every 80 [msec] is defined as TBTT (Target Beacon Transmit Time).
  • TBTT Target Beacon Transmit Time
  • the beacon transmission timing is set from the TBTT in order to prevent the beacons from colliding continuously. Shift intentionally.
  • the actual beacon transmission time is shown as TBTT, TBTT + 20 [usec], TBTT + 40 [usec], TBTT + 60 [step c], TBTT + 80 [ If the TBTT offset is defined to be one of usec], TBTT + 100 [Announce c], or TBTT + 120 [usec], decide which TBTT offset to transmit at each super frame cycle. And update the TOIS S field (described later) included in beacons. This time before the beacon transmission, you may randomly select how far from the TBTT to transmit.
  • TBTT offset the amount intentionally shifted from TBTT is called TBTT offset.
  • TBTT Offset Indicator Sequence TOISS
  • this beacon is compared to TBTT Background A beacon transmission offset value is indicated to indicate whether the transmission was performed intentionally.
  • beacons may be transmitted after transmission of the packet is completed, so there may be cases where the beacon can not be transmitted at the time intended by the transmitting station. Do. In this case, a bit indicating ⁇ + ⁇ is set as TOIS, and it is transmitted to the nearby stations that can receive beacons that this beacon transmission timing can not be performed at the intended time.
  • beacon signal It is possible to avoid continuous collisions with
  • the ⁇ ⁇ offset can also be given as a pseudo-random sequence such as a ⁇ sequence.
  • Figure 12 shows an example of a circuit configuration that generates the ⁇ ⁇ offset with a 16-bit pseudo random sequence ( ⁇ sequence) that can be obtained by a simple operation.
  • the bit string set in register 80 is updated one bit at a time to the value obtained by addition by adders 81, 82, 83, and the value in register 80 is taken. Then, add by the adders 84 to 92, and input 3 bits to register 93, and set the 3 bits as ⁇ offset. In this way, continuous collision of beacon signals can be effectively avoided.
  • the TOIS field as the information contained in the beacon, but instead of the TOIS field, the pseudo random series registers shown in Figure 12 are used.
  • 8 0 contents may be transmitted as information contained in beacons c
  • the receiving station receiving the signal extracts the information of the register 93 by the means described in FIG. 12 and obtains the TOI information. And is possible.
  • the calculation of TOIS is performed each time a beacon transmitted periodically is transmitted. As a result, a station that has once received a beacon can calculate TOIS information of the transmitting station in a free run, and prior to reception of the beacon, the next time, the next time
  • the transmitting station can not transmit at the intended time, it transmits a beacon to the beacon receiving station, for example, transmitting all zeros as a TOI sequence (TOI Sequence). It informs that the timing could not be performed at the intended time.
  • TOI Sequence transmitting all zeros as a TOI sequence
  • each station's request is out of sync
  • the clock will shift 3.2 [usec] at 80 [msec].
  • beacon transmission timing may overlap. Therefore, each communication station continuously scans beacons transmitted from the periphery once or more per 4.0 [sec] or so. It is desirable to receive that time over the beacon transmission interval of your own station. Then, adjust to the beacon transmission timing (TBTT) of the communication station that is the most delayed. If it deviates to the maximum, it will shift about 160 [usec] between 4.0 [sec], but after obtaining the deviation information, take measures such as controlling the timing within the own station. It is possible.
  • TBTT beacon transmission timing
  • beacon scanning is also performed for the purpose of checking whether there is any change in the state (presence) of peripheral devices. That is, when a beacon from a communication station which has not been present is received while scanning is in progress, the information notified by the beacon indicates that a new communication station has appeared. The upper layer is notified. Conversely, when the beacon of the communication station that has been able to receive so far can not be received, that effect is stored. If beacons from the same communication station can not be received over multiple scans, the communication station recognizes that it has left the network and notifies the upper layer. Alternatively, if the beacon of a communication station that has been able to receive until now can not be received, it is considered that the state of the nearby communication station has changed, and that effect is reported to the upper layer sequentially, Update the list (Neighbor List)
  • Clock frequency shift information is performed by scanning a beacon.
  • the timer is first It is counted and starts counting 80 [msec] which is the beacon interval. It is judged whether or not this count is completed (step S1), and when the count is completed, if beacon scanning is performed, information collection required for the clock frequency deviation countermeasure processing is also completed. Try to receive beacons until the timer expires.
  • the TBTT calculated in the own station is compared with the TBTT of the received beacon.
  • the TBTT of the received beacon can be obtained by referring to the time of receiving the beacon and the TOIS field. If the T. OIS field force S TBTT + X is set, the beacon reception time is excluded from the aggregation target.
  • all bits 0 are set as a notation indicating TBTT + X, and the station that received this has the TOIS sequence of all 0s.
  • the reception time of the beacon is excluded from the target of aggregation.
  • the communication station calculates the power of the beacon received by the TBTT by the TBTT power S of the received beacon from the TBTT calculated in the local station (Step S 3). Of all the beacons selected, it is determined which beacon TBTT is the most delayed (step S 4), and this delay amount is stored as the most delayed timing (Most Delayed Timing: MDT). Yes (step S5) The value obtained by subtracting a [usee] (for example, 2 [usee]) set in advance from the MDT obtained when the timer ends is set as ⁇ (step S6).
  • a [usee] for example, 2 [usee]
  • ⁇ is a positive number, that is, if a [usee] is subtracted from MDT, it is determined whether or not it is behind the local station (step S 7), and if it is behind, only ⁇ Delay your station's clock (Step S 8).
  • a [usee] is a value that should be set according to the specifications required for timing control, and is not limited here.
  • the scan interval is set to a relatively short interval of about l [sec] at the beginning, and the clock of the above mentioned clock drift value is extracted by the local station and nearby stations. If it is determined that the frequency mismatch is not significant, the effect of clock drift can be further reduced by using a method such as setting a long interval in stages.
  • Each communication station receives beacons transmitted by the neighboring stations according to the above procedure, but when receiving an instruction from the upper layer that "the communication with this communication station will not be performed from now on", the communication Do not perform reception work at the station's beacon transmission time. This makes it possible to reduce unnecessary reception processing between the own station and a communication station that is not associated with the local station, thereby contributing to low power consumption.
  • the instruction "do not communicate with this communication station in the future" may be judged from the attributes of the communication station equipment, could not be authenticated, or specified by the user. .
  • the packet interval in this case defines two, short inter frame space (SIFS), which is a short packet interval, and long inter frame space (LIFS), which is a long packet interval.
  • SIFS short inter frame space
  • LIFS long inter frame space
  • Transmission priority section TPP Each communication station transmits beacons at regular intervals. In this example, for the time being after transmitting a beacon, the station that transmitted the beacon is given transmission priority.
  • Figure 15 shows an example of how a beacon transmission station is given priority transmission rights.
  • Figure 15 shows an example where 480 [usec] is given as this transmission priority interval. This priority interval is defined as TPP (Transmission Prioritized Period).
  • TPP Transmission Prioritized Period
  • the TP starts immediately after the beacon transmission and ends at the time when TBTT and T-TGP have passed. Since each communication station transmits a beacon every superframe, basically, TPPs of the same time rate are distributed to each communication station. When the TP of one communication station expires, it becomes FAP (Fairly Access Period) until another communication station transmits beacons.
  • FAP Freairly Access Period
  • Figure 16 shows the structure of the superframe. As shown in the figure, following the transmission of beacons from each communication station, the TPP of the communication station that transmitted the beacon is assigned, and becomes FAP when time passes by the length of TPP. The FAP ends with the transmission of a beacon from the telecommunication station.
  • the start time of TPP is set by relative position (time) 'from beacon transmission time. It does not matter.
  • TPP may be defined as TBTT force to 480 [ ⁇ sec].
  • the TGP area expires with a period T-TPP based on TBTT, so if the beacon transmission time is delayed due to TBTT offset, the TPP area will be delayed. Area will be reduced.
  • ket interval Inter Frame Space
  • all communication stations can transmit at "LIFS + backoff" intervals, and access control is performed with fair content control. For example, RTS and short command transmissions are sent at “LIFS + backoff” intervals to gain access, and CTS, data and Acks sent after that are “SIFS”. Transmission takes place at intervals.
  • IFS parameters in FAP. Setting of IFS Parameter in Table FAP
  • the communication station that has transmitted the beacon gains access, and permits frame transmission after the SIFS time has elapsed.
  • the transmission station designated by the communication station that transmitted the beacon is also given priority transmission right, and frame transmission is permitted after the SIFS time has elapsed.
  • the communication station that has acquired the priority transmission right transmits RTS to a specific communication station but there is no CTS response, the communication station that has acquired the priority transmission right retransmits RTS at an interval of LIFS. .
  • Another communication station that holds transmission data to the communication station that has acquired the priority transmission right confirms that “the node does not hold transmission data”, SIFS + pack off Permit transmission on (. Backoff).
  • SIFS + pack off Permit transmission on (. Backoff) confirms that “the node does not hold transmission data”.
  • the third communication station often has no way of knowing that the communication station that has acquired the priority transmission right holds Data.
  • a communication station that has not obtained priority transmission right recognizes that another communication station's priority transmission will be started by receiving beacons, and sets the basic frame interval to FIFS over T-TPP. And attempt to gain access at FIFS + background frame intervals.
  • BEacon is RTS FIFS + B ackoff Priority transmission right Addressed to the communication station COMMAND No transmission data from the communication station After communication completion All stations ⁇ 1B data DATA S IFS interval After receiving CTS
  • each communication station is basically once per superframe period. In some cases, it is permitted to transmit multiple beacons or signals similar to beacons, and TPP can be acquired each time these beacons are transmitted. In other words, the communication station can secure resources for preferential transmission according to the number of beacons transmitted for each super frame.
  • the beacon which the communication station always transmits at the beginning of the super frame period is referred to as the “normal beacon”, and the second and subsequent beacons which are transmitted for TPP acquisition or other purposes at other times. And will be called "auxiliary beacons".
  • TPP is defined as 480 [usec]
  • 2 1 bucket 60 [Byte] or about 1 packet of 6000 [Byte]. That is, no matter how mixed the media are, it is guaranteed that approximately 2 1 ACKs are sent every 80 [msec].
  • 600 kbps when using only TPP
  • priority transmission right is given only to the communication station in TPP, but priority transmission right is given to the communication station called by the communication station in TPP.
  • priority is given to transmission, but there is nothing to transmit within its own communication station, but if it is known that another station holds information that it wants to transmit to its own station Paging messages or Polling messages may be thrown to the other station.
  • the beacon transmission timings of each communication station are equal within the transmission frame period rather than being concentrated. It is more desirable for the transmission efficiency to be dispersed. Therefore, in the present embodiment, basically, the beacon transmission is started in the middle of the time zone where the beacon interval is the longest within the range where it can be heard. Of course, the beacon transmission timing of each communication station may be concentrated, and the reception operation may be stopped during the remaining transmission frame period to reduce the power consumption of the device.
  • Figure 18 shows an example of beacon signal format.
  • the beacon includes a TA (T ransmitter Address) finale that is an address uniquely indicating a transmission source station, a T ype field indicating the type of the beacon, and the beacon.
  • TOI TBTTO ffset
  • the 'Indication' field and the NBOI N eigh- boring Beacon ffset Information
  • NBAI Information Level
  • ALERT ALERT field for storing TBTT changes and other various information to be transmitted
  • relevant information A T x N um field indicating the amount that the communication station preferentially reserves resources, and the beacon allocated to the beacon when transmitting multiple beacons within the superframe period.
  • the Page (Paging) field which indicates that transmission is planned for the next TPP, and the received signal up to which level (receiving SINR) the station is regarded as the received signal.
  • a Sense Level field that stores information on whether it is detected, a timing synchronization function (TSF) that passes time information that the station contains, an identifier that indicates the owner of the station, etc. Contains the NetID (Network Identifier) field, etc.
  • the type of beacon is described in the bitmap format of 8-bit length in the T ype field.
  • a beacon is transmitted only once at the beginning of each superframe “regular beacon”, or “auxiliary beacon” transmitted to obtain priority transmission right. It is indicated using a value from 0 to 25 that indicates the priority as information to identify which of the two. Specifically, it can be sent once per superframe.
  • the mandatory regular beacons are assigned the maximum priority of 2 5 5 for mandatory beacons, and for captive beacons, any of 0 to 2 5 4 that corresponds to the traffic priority. A value is assigned.
  • the T O I field stores a pseudorandom sequence that determines the above T B T offset, and indicates how many T B T offsets the beacon is transmitted.
  • the actual beacon transmission time can be set even if two communication stations have beacon transmission timing in the same slot on the superframe. Even if beacons collide in one superframe cycle, communication stations listen to each other's beacons in another superframe cycle (or neighboring communication stations both Listen to the beacon), that is, it can recognize a collision.
  • the N B O I field is information that describes the position (reception time) of the beacons of the nearby stations that can be received by the local station in the superframe.
  • the N B O I field is information that describes the position (reception time) of the beacons of the nearby stations that can be received by the local station in the superframe.
  • the NBOI field maps to the first bit (MSB) of the NBOI field based on the regular beacon transmission time of the local station, and the position of the beacon that can be received by the local station (reception time) Is mapped to the bit of the relative position from the transmission time of the regular beacon of the own station, the relative position (offset) of the regular or auxiliary beacon of the own station and the relative position of the beacon that can be received (offset Write 1 to the bit corresponding to), and leave 0 as the bit position corresponding to other relative positions.
  • up to 16 communication stations 0 to F can accommodate If station 0 creates an NBOI field such as “1 1 0 0, 0 0 0 0, 0 1 0 0, 0 0 0 0” in the communication environment being used, It indicates that "the beacons from the communication station 1 and the communication station 9 can be received". That is, for the bit corresponding to the relative position of the receivable beacon, 1 is marked if the beacon can be received and 0, ie space is allocated if it is not received. The MSB is 1 because the station is transmitting a beacon, and the location corresponding to the time when the station is transmitting an auxiliary beacon is also marked 1. .
  • the N B A I field indicates that the own station can be received and in an active state.
  • the ALERT field information to be transmitted to the neighboring station in an abnormal state is stored. For example, if there is a plan to change the TBTT of the regular beacon of the local station to avoid a collision of beacons, or if it requests the peripheral stations to stop the transmission of the supplemental beacon, the alert will be made. Write in the field. The specific usage of the A L E R T field will be described later.
  • the TxNum field describes the number of auxiliary beacons transmitted by the station within the superframe period. Since the communication station is given TPP, ie, priority transmission right following beacon transmission, the number of auxiliary beacons within the superframe period is the time rate at which resources are preferentially reserved for transmission. It corresponds to
  • the serial number assigned to the beacon is written in the S eria 1 field.
  • each beacon sent in the super frame has an exclusive and unique number. be written.
  • a serial number indicating the number of the TBTT transmitting auxiliary beacon based on the regular beacon of the own station is described in the S eria 1 field.
  • the receiving station can recognize that it must receive.
  • Paging is a field indicating that, of the receiving stations listed in the TIM, transmission is planned for the immediately following TPP, and the station specified in this field is received by the TPP.
  • Be prepared for Other fields (ETC fields) are also available.
  • the TSF field is a field for passing the time information contained in the station, and this time is used separately for media access and mainly for the purpose of application synchronization. Regardless of access control such as beacon transmission time change, clock correction for TDMA structure retention, TBTT offset, etc., it will be released by Freerun faithfully to the clock provided by the transmitting station. Post the transmission time of the signal. The receiving station may provide this value together with the receiving time to the upper layer, and hold it as reference time information of the information transmitted from the station.
  • NetID is an identifier that indicates the owner of the station, etc. If the receiving station refers to this field, does the station and the station logically belong to the same network? It can be recognized whether or not.
  • FIG. 19 An example of transmission and reception procedure of a typical communication station will be explained using Fig.19.
  • the explanation about the station STA0 and the station STA1 is The transmission from station STAO to station STA1 is taken as an example. Each station does not necessarily receive beacons of other stations every time. In some cases, the frequency of reception may be reduced by an instruction from the upper layer, etc.
  • Figure 19 (a) shows a sequence diagram of packets transmitted and received between the station STA0 and the station STA1
  • Figure 19 (b) shows the state of the transmitter of the station STA0
  • Figure 19 (c) Shows the state of the reception unit of the communication station STA0.
  • the state of the transceiver unit is high for active (in attempting to receive or transmit) and low for sleep.
  • the communication station STA0 transmits a beacon after confirming that the media is clear. It is assumed that the station STA1 is called in TIM and / or PAGE in this beacon.
  • the communication station STA1 which has received the beacon, responds to the paging information (0). Since this response corresponds to the TPP of the communication station STA0, it is sent at SIFS intervals since it has obtained priority. From then on, transmission and reception between station STA1 and station STA0 in TPP are prioritized and transmitted at SIFS intervals.
  • the station STA0 receives the response and confirms that the station STA1 is ready to receive, it sends a packet addressed to the station STA1 (1). Furthermore, in Fig.
  • buckets of (4) are transmitted at intervals of LIFS + pack off because there is no transmission priority.
  • the station STA1 transmits an ACK corresponding to the packet of (4) (5). A period of time since the last transmission took place
  • each communication station requires the receiver to operate. This is also illustrated in Figure 19. If there is no received packet within the listen period, the station changes its state to the sleep state and tries to reduce the power consumption by stepping the transceiver. However, this does not apply if you have previously received some message from another station stating that you do not want to change to the sleep state, or if you have received similar messages from the upper layer, Continue the operation of the receiver.
  • the communication station that has fallen into sleep state is triggered by a time when the next transmission / reception is scheduled, such as reception of another station's beacon or transmission of its own station, as a trigger. Release the status and return to the active status.
  • the communication station STA1 returns to the active state once for reception of a beacon by the communication station STA1, it is assumed that there is no bucket for the communication station STA0 in the TIM if PAGE of the transmission beacon of the communication station STA1. I checked and I'm in sleep again. After that, the receiving unit is operated for media sense prior to the local station's beacon transmission, and after confirming that the media is clear, the beacon is transmitted.
  • the TIM or PAGE call was not made, since the communication station STA0 transmitted the beacon, according to the above-mentioned procedure, after transmission, it entered in the quiet period for a while. During this time, it monitors whether a signal addressed to the local station is received, but without receiving anything, the listen period ends and changes the state to the sleep state again.
  • the signal transmission starts with a beacon call, and after receiving and transmitting the last bucket, it tries to receive for a while, but if a packet addressed to the own station does not arrive, it shifts to the sleep state (Sleep State). Ru. Return to the Active State by using the other station's beacon reception or own station's beacon transmission as a trigger. In other words, the receiver (communication unit) must be activated for a specified period of time after transmitting some signal.
  • FIG. 20 shows a sequence diagram of the packets transmitted and received between the communication station STA0 and the communication station STA1, the lower diagram 20 (b) shows the state of the STAO transmitter, and Figure 20 (c) shows It shows the status of the receiver of STA0.
  • the state of the transceiver unit is high for active (in attempting to receive or transmit) and low for sleep.
  • Communication station STA1 transmits beacons after confirming that the media is clear. At this time, the communication station STA0 is in sleep state and has not received a beacon. Therefore, even if communication station STA0 is called in TIM and / or PAGE in this beacon, communication station STA0 does not react. After that, the communication station STA0 transmits a beacon at its own beacon transmission time. The communication station STA1 transmits the paging information to the communication station STA0 according to the defined random backoff procedure, using the beacon reception of the communication station STA0 as a trigger. After transmitting the beacon, the communication station STA0 receives this paging information because it operates the receiver over the listening period. Can be trusted. That is, when the communication station STA0 receives the paging information, it can know that the communication station STA1 holds the information addressed to the own station.
  • the communication station STA0 may respond to the paging information to the communication station STA1, and start transmitting information from the communication station STA0 to the communication station STA1 (not shown).
  • Figure 20 shows an example where transmission of information is not started at this point.
  • the communication station STA0 tries to receive information from the communication station STA1 due to the previous paging information, and receives the beacon of the communication station STA1. It is assumed that communication station STA0 has been called in TIM and / or PAGE in this beacon.
  • the communication station STA0 that has received the beacon responds to the page (0).
  • This response corresponds to the TPP of the communication station STA1 and is transmitted at SIFS intervals since it has a priority. From then on, transmission and reception between the communication station STA1 and the communication station STA0 in the TPP are prioritized and transmitted at SIFS intervals.
  • the station STA1 having received the response confirms that the station STA0 is ready for reception, it sends a packet addressed to the station STA0 (1).
  • the station STA0 receiving this confirms that it has been received normally, and then sends an ACK (2). After that, the station STA0 operates the receiver for the rest period, confirms that no packet addressed to the station is received, and changes to the sleep state.
  • paging information is transmitted immediately after beacon transmission on the receiving side, whereby the receiving side changes to the active state, and transmission and reception processing is started. Or, it starts with the subsequent calling by the transmitting beacon. Then, after receiving and transmitting the last packet, the receiving unit tries to receive for a while, but if a bucket addressed to it does not arrive, it falls into sleep state, and it receives the beacons of other stations or the local beacon. Send back to the active state as a trigger. That is, the paging information is sent in the media sense interval prior to the receiver's listen period or beacon transmission.
  • the message transmitted immediately before / after the beacon transmission on the receiving side in the transmission / reception procedure 2 above is not limited to paging information, there is a possibility that the access of the message from multiple stations may conflict, so paging or beacon It is desirable to send only highly urgent messages such as send timing change request.
  • the above example shows an example where negotiation processing of paging information and its response is performed between communication stations before data transmission starts.
  • a source communication station holding data addressed to a certain communication station The Active Transfer Sequence may not start sending data without negotiation within the reception period of the receiving station or at an Active timing when the station is performing reception operation. ).
  • the process for establishing the connection can be omitted. It is efficient.
  • the beacons ⁇ and ⁇ ⁇ are arranged approximately alternately and have a timing relationship of about 40 [msec] intervals as shown in Fig. 2 1. If the amount of data transmitted by station STA-0 and station STA-1 is not large, the transmission signal from station STA-0 starts with beacon transmission from station STA-0. After a while, transmission ends. The transmission signal from the communication station STA-1 is the same, and if the amount of transmitted information ends in a time shorter than the beacon interval, the transmission request from the communication station STA-0 and the communication station STA-1 will collide. It should not be done.
  • the beacon transmission timing of station STA-2 may be either 20 [msec] or 60 [msec] in the figure.
  • station STA-2 scans the media state prior to determining the beacon's transmission timing, and the traffic is transmitted as shown in Figure 2 below. If packet transmission P 1 follows B 1, it can be seen that the station STA-2 transmits beacon B 2 at a timing of 20 [msee], resulting in fewer collisions. From this point of view, the station STA-2 can determine the beacon transmission time considering the occupied state of the medium, ie, the traffic amount of each station. This is especially effective when the transmission availability differs greatly depending on the communication station. • Bandwidth reservation for stream data transmission etc.
  • the transmitting station wants to transmit signals in a constant band continuously without collision.
  • the transmitting station increases the beacon transmission frequency within the superframe period. An example is shown and demonstrated in FIG.
  • the superframe period in the channel is defined by the beacon interval.
  • the second and subsequent beacons in one superframe cycle are transmitted mainly for obtaining a transmission / reception section, and are originally transmitted for network construction. It differs in nature from the beacon.
  • the second and subsequent beacons in one superframe cycle are referred to as “captured beacons”.
  • the beacon interval B min of the minima is specified so that the bandwidth (super frame period) will not overflow in the beacon, and an upper limit is imposed on the number of communication stations that can be accommodated within the super frame period. is there
  • Fig. 23 shows an example where beacons B 1 and B 3 are continuously transmitted, this is not the case.
  • TPP When transmitting beacons, TPP will follow immediately after that, so it is possible to acquire media without making access competition.
  • a communication station that desires the ownership of the media more strongly can gain more transmission rights by increasing the frequency of beacon transmission.
  • this "helping beacon” does not necessarily post beacon information.
  • a bucket category called “false beacons that accommodate traffic” is defined, and the bucket attribute is the beacon attribute.
  • the content may transmit traffic while flagging it as a kind.
  • each communication station can make beacons. Even when a new communication station arrives, it is possible to refuse to accommodate the new communication station in this area without giving timing to transmit beacons.
  • beacon transmission of each station is performed regularly, transmission of traffic bucket is carried out according to the procedure of normal CSMA (or PSMA), so transmission of traffic bucket of other stations is carried out. As a result, it may happen that beacons can not be received.
  • Figure 24 shows this example.
  • the station STA2 transmits information to the station STA1, and the station STA3 has a transmission signal of the station STA2 in a receivable area
  • the communication station STA3 wants to receive the beacon transmitted from the communication station STA4, but the communication station STA2 is in an area where it can not receive the beacon of the communication station STA4.
  • the station STA4 transmits a beacon at time TO, and the station STA3 starts to receive it.
  • station STA2 can not receive the signal from station STA4, it starts transmitting information addressed to station STA1 at time T1 according to the random backoff procedure.
  • the transmission signal from the communication station STA2 causes the communication station STA3 to receive interference, which causes communication problems.
  • the beacon can not be received from station STA4.
  • the quiet packet is a packet that tells the neighboring stations that "the station is planning to receive from another station from now on, so no one wants to send a signal”.
  • For the quiet bucket as shown in Fig. 25 “What station the transmitting station of the quiet packet is planning to receive (target)” and “When do you want it to stop sending?” Information is shown.
  • STA3 sends a query bucket at time T3 prior to time T4, which is the TBTT of the next station STA4.
  • the station STA2, which received this, does not transmit until the time indicated by the quiet bucket, if it recognizes that the target of the quiet packet is not its own.
  • the quiet packet also reaches the communication station STA4, but if the communication station STA4 confirms that the target of the quiet bucket is its own station, it ignores the quad packet and the time is TBTT as planned.
  • Beacon transmission is performed at T4, and station STA3 can receive beacons without interference from station STA2.
  • the communication state is checked and transmission (Listen Before Send) is the force S basic.
  • information such as received electric field strength (RSSI) can not be used as media occupancy information.
  • RSSI received electric field strength
  • communication is performed using a wide band of 3 GHz to 10 GHz.
  • the presence or absence of the packet is determined by the number added to the top of the bucket. It will be recognized only by receipt of the tower preample. That is, it is collision avoidance control by detecting the preamble, and the transmitting station performs transmission after confirming that the media state is clear.
  • the transmitting unit that performs transmission after rising from sleep state does not require transmission of any information, and a predetermined time (MD I: M aximum D ata I nterva 1) is to be transmitted.
  • MD I M aximum D ata I nterva 1
  • FIG 26 shows the PHY frame format specified by the PHY layer (physical layer).
  • the preamble at the top of the PHY frame is composed of known unique words.
  • FIG. Fig. 27 shows the case where the station STA0 and the station STA1 perform transmission.
  • Fig. 27 (a) shows the transmission sequence of the station STA1
  • Fig. 27 (b) shows the transmission sequence. The transmission sequence of station STA0 is shown.
  • Figures 27 (c) and (d) show the states of the transmitter and receiver in the communication station STAO (high level: active state, low level: slave state).
  • the station STA1 starts transmitting a bucket.
  • the communication station STA0 since the communication station STA0 is in the sleep state, it can not recognize that the communication station STA1 has transmitted a bucket.
  • the upper layer review indicates that there is information to be transmitted from the communication station STA0. It is assumed that it was notified from the client (T x request). If it is the procedure of CSMA in the conventional Wireless LA side of the system, the random pack off procedure is started from this point, but if the reception is started from time T1, the unique ampoule is received. There is no reason not to know that the medium is being used by the station STA1 because the station STA0 starts transmission, and there is a possibility that it may interfere with the bucket of the station STA1.
  • Time T2 is the point in time when MDI has passed from time T1, but station STA0 operates the receiver from time T1 to time T2, and during this time the packet unique word (the preamble in Figure 25) is Start sending only if not detected.
  • T X request there is a notification from an upper layer that it exists (T X request). Since the communication station STA0 is in the sleep state until just before time T4, the confirmation operation that the medium is clear is started from time T4 to MDI. Then, since a packet is transmitted from the communication station STA1 at time T5, the communication station STA0 detects a unknown word and recognizes the presence of this packet. The station STA0 starts a random backoff procedure from time T6 when transmission of this bucket ends, and transmits a bucket at time T7 if it does not detect a unique code until time T7 when the timer expires.
  • Figure 2 9 shows the transmission sequence when transmitting a large number of packets continuously in this way.
  • Figure 29 is a sequence diagram similar to Figure 27.
  • Figure 29 (a) shows the transmission sequence of station STA1
  • Figure 29 (b) shows the transmission sequence of station STA0.
  • the states (high level: active state, low level: sleep state) of the transmitter and receiver in the communication station STA0 are shown in Figs. 2 9 (c) and (d).
  • the station STA1 starts transmitting a bucket. After that, it is assumed that the upper layer notifies that there is information to be transmitted in the communication station STA0 at the communication station STA0 at time T1 (T x request). Since the communication station STA0 is in the sleep state just before time T1, it starts checking that the medium is clear over time T1 and other MDI. Then, in order to detect a unique word (preamble) of the packet transmitted from the station STA1 at time ⁇ 2, the presence of the buckett transmitted from STA1 is recognized. The station STA0 starts the random backoff procedure from time T3 when transmission of this bucket ends, and transmits a packet at time T4 if it does not detect a unique code before time T4 when the timer expires. Do.
  • the communication station is configured as the dedicated communication device for performing transmission and reception shown in FIG. 2
  • a personal computer device for performing various data processing
  • a board performing communication processing equivalent to the transmitter and receiver in this example It is also possible to install software that executes the processing at the baseband unit on the computer device side after mounting a card or the like.

Abstract

Il est nécessaire de résoudre des problèmes survenant lors de la constitution d'un système de communication, notamment un réseau local (LAN) radio, faisant appel à un réseau de type distribué indépendant, sans la relation contrôlant/contrôlable d'une station maîtresse et d'une station asservie. Dans le système de communication radio de l'invention comportant une pluralité de stations de communication n'ayant aucune relation de station contrôlante et de station contrôlable, chaque station de communication transmet une balise décrivant des informations sur le réseau, ce qui constitue un réseau. Grâce à cette balise, il est possible de réaliser un jugement sophistiqué sur l'état de communication dans l'autre station de communication.
PCT/JP2004/001065 2003-02-03 2004-02-03 Systeme de communication radio, dispositif de communication radio, procede de communication radio et programme associe WO2004071022A1 (fr)

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JP2005504834A JP4581996B2 (ja) 2003-02-03 2004-02-03 無線通信システム、無線通信装置及び無線通信方法、並びにコンピュータプログラム
ES04707619.5T ES2528360T3 (es) 2003-02-03 2004-02-03 Sistema de radiocomunicación, dispositivo de radiocomunicación, método de radiocomunicación y programa informático
US10/500,591 US7787437B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2004-02-03 Wireless communication system, apparatus, method and computer program product including timed beacon transmission control
KR1020047015005A KR101380933B1 (ko) 2003-02-03 2004-02-03 무선통신 시스템, 무선통신장치 및 무선통신방법과 컴퓨터프로그램
EP04707619.5A EP1592174B1 (fr) 2003-02-03 2004-02-03 Systeme de communication radio, dispositif de communication radio, procede de communication radio et programme associe
BRPI0403932-7A BRPI0403932B1 (pt) 2003-02-03 2004-02-03 Sistema de comunicação sem fio, método de comunicação sem fio, e, estação de comunicação sem fio
IL16426404A IL164264A0 (en) 2003-02-03 2004-02-03 Wireles communication system, wireless communication device, wireless communication method, and computer program
EP14194159.1A EP2860884B1 (fr) 2003-02-03 2004-02-03 Station de communication sans fil
HK06104769.5A HK1084796A1 (en) 2003-02-03 2006-04-21 Radio communication system, radio communication device, radio communication method
US12/326,929 US8625571B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2008-12-03 Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method with sleep condition features
US12/335,121 US8144685B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2008-12-15 Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method for constructing a decentralized distributed type network
US12/335,171 US8391257B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2008-12-15 Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method and computer program
US14/051,177 US8830986B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2013-10-10 Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method and computer program
US14/460,088 US9265044B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2014-08-14 Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method and computer program
US14/989,584 US9843935B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2016-01-06 Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method and computer program

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US12/326,929 Division US8625571B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2008-12-03 Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method with sleep condition features
US12/335,171 Continuation US8391257B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2008-12-15 Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method and computer program
US12/335,121 Continuation US8144685B2 (en) 2003-02-03 2008-12-15 Wireless communication system, wireless communication apparatus and wireless communication method for constructing a decentralized distributed type network

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BRPI0403932A (pt) 2005-01-04
CN1698316A (zh) 2005-11-16
US20090097464A1 (en) 2009-04-16
US20160119790A1 (en) 2016-04-28
EP1592174A1 (fr) 2005-11-02
JPWO2004071022A1 (ja) 2006-06-01
US20090097463A1 (en) 2009-04-16
US8144685B2 (en) 2012-03-27
BRPI0403932B1 (pt) 2018-04-17
CN101662816B (zh) 2014-03-05
EP2860884B1 (fr) 2019-08-21
US7787437B2 (en) 2010-08-31
CN103781152B (zh) 2018-02-16
US20090097440A1 (en) 2009-04-16
JP4581996B2 (ja) 2010-11-17
JP2010206828A (ja) 2010-09-16
EP2860884A1 (fr) 2015-04-15
US8830986B2 (en) 2014-09-09
IL164264A0 (en) 2005-12-18
CN103781152A (zh) 2014-05-07
ES2528360T3 (es) 2015-02-09
SG137696A1 (en) 2007-12-28
KR20050096839A (ko) 2005-10-06
CN101662816A (zh) 2010-03-03
US20140355577A1 (en) 2014-12-04
CN100586086C (zh) 2010-01-27
EP1592174A4 (fr) 2011-04-27
US8391257B2 (en) 2013-03-05
EP1592174B1 (fr) 2014-12-24
US20050068934A1 (en) 2005-03-31
US9265044B2 (en) 2016-02-16
US8625571B2 (en) 2014-01-07
JP5136590B2 (ja) 2013-02-06
KR101380933B1 (ko) 2014-04-01
US9843935B2 (en) 2017-12-12
US20140036887A1 (en) 2014-02-06
HK1084796A1 (en) 2006-08-04

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