Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
  • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
  • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
  • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
  • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
  • H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
  • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
  • H01P1/18—Phase-shifters
  • H01P1/184—Strip line phase-shifters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
  • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
  • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
  • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
  • H01Q19/108—Combination of a dipole with a plane reflecting surface

Definitions

• the invention relates to a high-frequency phase shifter assembly according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Phase shifters are used, for example, to balance the transit time of microwave signals in passive or active networks.
• the running time of a line is used to adjust the phase position of a signal; changing the phase position therefore means changing the electrically effective length of the lines.
• the signals to the individual radiators for example dipoles, must have different transit times. So is the difference in the running times between two neighboring emitters for a certain lowering angle when one is vertically one above the other arranged array approximately the same. This runtime difference must now also be increased for larger lowering angles. If the phase positions of the individual radiators can be changed by means of phase shifter assemblies, then this is an antenna with an adjustable electrical lowering of the radiation diagram.
• a phase shifter which comprises the electrically displaceable plates in order to generate a phase difference between different, but at least two, outputs.
• the disadvantage here is that the displacement of the dielectric plates also changes the impedance of the lines concerned and consequently the power distribution of the signals depends on the setting of the phase shifter.
• an antenna array 1 with, for example, five dipole antennas la to le, which are ultimately fed via a feed input 5, is drawn in schematically in order to clarify the prior art.
• a distribution network 7 Downstream of the feed input 5 is a distribution network 7 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has two RF phase shifter assemblies 9, i.e. in the exemplary embodiment shown, supplies two phase shifter assemblies 9 ′, 9 ′′, in the exemplary embodiment shown each of the two phase shifter assemblies 9 supplying two dipoles.
• a feed line 13 leads from the distribution network 7 to a central dipole radiator 1c, which is operated without a phase shift.
• phase shifter assembly 9 a division of + 2 ⁇ and -2 ⁇ and the second phase shifter assembly 9 "must be ensured by the phase shifter assembly 9 'and a phase shift of + ⁇ and - ⁇ for the respectively assigned dipole radiators.
• a correspondingly different setting in the phase shifter assemblies 9 can then be ensured by a mechanical actuator 17 can be guaranteed, which is only shown abstractly in the schematic representation according to a phase shifter assembly known according to the prior art and which automatically realizes the different phase shifts for the various downstream dipoles when actuated, so that different settings of the phase shifter assemblies can be made by appropriate Actuation of a suitable mechanical actuator 17 realizes the electrical lowering of a vertical diagram of an antenna 1, that is to say that the above-mentioned phase shifts also set different ones.
• the present invention creates a phase shifter assembly which is constructed in a much more space-saving manner and has a higher integration density than previously known solutions.
• additional connecting lines, solder joints and transformation means for realizing the power division can be saved.
• a transmission gear necessary to produce or adjust the different phase positions of the radiators can be avoided.
• the solution according to the invention is characterized in that at least two part-circular strip line segments are provided, which have a tap element cooperate, which is connected to a feed point and forms a movable tap or coupling point in the overlap area with the respective part-circular stripline segment.
• a plurality of separate connecting lines or a common connecting line leading up to the extremely lying circular segment can be provided, all connecting lines being connected to form a jointly manageable tap element, regardless of the geometry and arrangement of the connecting line.
• the phase angle can then be set jointly for all antenna radiators supplied via it.
• the connecting lines can run in different radial dimensions from the common pivot point.
• a tap element is preferably provided which, in the manner of a radially extending pointer, leads over a plurality of part-circular strip line segments and thereby forms a plurality of tap points which are arranged one behind the other in individual strip line segments.
• a type of bridge construction with connecting lines running in the same direction, one above the other in a horizontal side view and adjustable about a common pivot axis is also possible, which are rigidly connected to form a common, manageable tap element.
• the feed takes place at the common pivot point, preferably capacitively. But the tap point between the tap element and the respective circular stripline segment is also capacitive.
• a division of the transmitted powers can also be realized, for example, in such a way that the power decreases from the inner to the outer circular strip line segment, increases or, if necessary, the power even remains more or less the same for all strip line segments.
• the high-frequency phase shifter assembly is constructed on a metallic base plate, which is preferably formed by the reflector of the antenna. It has also proven to be advantageous if the phase shifter assembly is shielded by a metallic cover.
• the distances between the circle segments can be formed differently.
• the diameter of the stripline segments preferably increases from the inside to the outside by a constant factor.
• the distances can preferably transmit between the circle segments 0.1 to approximately 1.0 of the transmitted HF wavelength.
• phase shifter assembly can also be made possible by the fact that the circular segments and connecting lines are designed as triplate lines together with a cover.
• the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to drawings. Show in detail
• Figure 1 a schematic representation of a high-frequency phase shifter assembly for
• Figure 2 is a schematic plan view of a phase shifter assembly according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic section along the tap element in FIG. 2 to explain the capacitive coupling of the phase shifter segment and the center tap;
• FIG. 4 a modified embodiment of a phase shifter assembly according to the invention with three circle segments;
• FIG. 5 a further exemplary embodiment of a phase shifter group according to the invention with two circular strip line segments, the connecting line running offset from one another from the center tap to the respective decoupling point in a plan view of the phase shifter module and comprising interconnected connecting lines at the pivot point;
• FIG. 6 a further modified exemplary embodiment of a phase shifter module according to the invention with two opposite circular segments and connecting lines interconnected at the common center tap or pivot point;
• FIG. 7 an exemplary embodiment modified from FIG. 6 using two non-part-circular strip line sections (which are running straight);
• 8a shows a radiation diagram of an antenna array and 8b: rays with adjustable electrical lowering, once for a lowering at 4 'and on the other hand at 10'.
• a first exemplary embodiment of a high-frequency phase shifter assembly which comprises stripline sections 21 which are offset from one another, i.e.
• a tapping element 25 runs from the pivot axis 23, which, in relation to the pivot axis 23, 2 is designed to run radially essentially in plan view according to FIG. 2 and in the respective overlap area with an associated stripline segment 21 each forms a coupled tap section 27, also referred to below as tap point 27, that is, in the exemplary embodiment shown, two tap points 27a offset in the longitudinal direction of the tap element 25 , 27b are provided.
• the feed line 13 leads to a center tap 29, in the area of which the pivot axis 23 for the tap element 25 is seated.
• the tap element 25 is divided into a first connecting line 31a, which extends from the coupling section 33 in the overlap region of the center tap 29 to the tap point 27a on the inner stripline segment 21a.
• the area protruding beyond this tap point 27a forms the next connecting section or connecting line 31b, which leads in the overlap area with the outer stripline segment 21b to the tap point 27b formed there.
• the entire RF phase shifter assembly is constructed with the four dipoles la to ld common in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2 on a metallic base plate 35, which at the same time represents the reflector 35 for the dipoles la to ld.
• the base section of the center tap 29 is provided offset from the reflector plate 35 by means of a dielectric cone section 37a of larger axial height.
• a thinner dielectric cone layer 37b overlies the coupling layer 33, which, like the center tap 29, is penetrated by the pivot axis 23.
• the part-circular strip line segments 21 are also at the same distance as the center tap 29 from the reflector plate 37 and are coupled to the tap element 25 via the dielectric 37 formed there.
• the tap element 25 is a uniformly rigid lever that can be adjusted about the pivot axis 23.
• connection 31a and 31b between the corresponding tapping points 29 and 27a and 27b can now simultaneously achieve a power division between the dipole radiators la and ld on the one hand and the further pair of dipole radiators lb and lc, since the ends 39a and 39b respectively partially circular stripline segments 21a, 21b are connected via antenna lines 41, the dipole antennas la to ld.
• a modified exemplary embodiment with a total of six dipole radiators la to lf is shown with reference to FIG. 4, a phase division from + 3 ⁇ to -3 ⁇ being able to be realized here.
• a power distribution can be achieved, for example, from the outside in, which enables the power to be graded from 0.5: 0.7: 1, as shown in the table below.
• a middle dipole radiator or middle dipole radiator group as shown in FIG. 1, can also be provided, which has a phase shift angle of 0 'and is directly connected to the feed line input.
• FIG. 5 shows a modification compared to FIG. 2, in which no radial tapping element 25 is used, but in which, in plan view, the connecting line 31a is offset by an angular offset with respect to the connecting line 31b, hence in FIG Top view shows a V-shaped design of the tap element 25.
• connecting line 31b leading from the center tap 29 to the outer tapping point 27b intersects or bridges the inner stripline segment 21a
• the connecting line 31a is narrower here in order to keep the coupling to the inner stripline segment 21a as low as possible.
• Both connecting lines 31a and 31b are electrically connected in the region of the coupling section 33 lying above the center tap 29 and are joined together to form a rigid tap element which can be rotated uniformly.
• the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6 differs from that according to FIG. 2 in that the two semicircular stripline segments 21a and 21b are arranged offset from one another by 180 '.
• the tapping element 25 is designed to protrude radially from the central pivot axis 23 in both directions beyond the pivot axis 23.
• connection ends 39a Due to the arrangement of the two stripline sections 21a and 21b rotated by 180 ', attention must be paid to the correspondingly correct connection at the connection ends 39a in relation to the connection ends 39b at the stripline section 21b, for example in order to achieve the desired phase shift from + 2 ⁇ to -2 ⁇ in each case over a phase distance of l ⁇ (an antenna with a phase shift of "0" according to the game according to Figure 1 can and is always provided in addition.
• the thickness of the stripline sections can be designed differently or have a resistance of different sizes for the stripline sections.
• the resistance is 50 ohms for the stripline sections.
• the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6 also shows that the center of the two part-circular strip line sections 21a and 21b does not coincide, and not only with respect to the part-circular strip line sections, but also does not coincide with the pivot axis 23 running parallel thereto it is also possible that the stripline sections may not necessarily be part-circular, but generally arc-shaped (for example elliptical), in extreme cases even in the form of two stripline sections running straight to one another, for example if these have different thicknesses over their length or are formed with resistance that changes over the length.
• FIG. 7 shows two straight strip line sections 21a and 21b which are offset from one another and in the exemplary embodiment shown are offset from one another by 180 ' to the pivot axis 23.
• the effect on the vertical radiation diagram for a correspondingly constructed antenna is shown with reference to FIGS. 8a and 8b.

Landscapes

• Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
• Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
• Filters And Equalizers (AREA)
• Particle Accelerators (AREA)
• Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
• Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
• Adjustment Of The Magnetic Head Position Track Following On Tapes (AREA)
• Supporting Of Heads In Record-Carrier Devices (AREA)

Priority Applications (10)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=7918594

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (14)

Cited By (20)

Families Citing this family (56)

Citations (3)

Family Cites Families (183)

• 1999
  • 1999-08-17 DE DE19938862A patent/DE19938862C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2000
  • 2000-07-27 HK HK02108932.2A patent/HK1047353B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-07-27 US US10/049,809 patent/US6850130B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-27 ES ES00958304T patent/ES2204679T4/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-27 EP EP00958304A patent/EP1208614B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-27 NZ NZ516849A patent/NZ516849A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-07-27 CA CA2382258A patent/CA2382258C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-07-27 AT AT00958304T patent/ATE250808T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-07-27 JP JP2001517457A patent/JP4198355B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2000-07-27 DE DE50003848T patent/DE50003848D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-27 BR BRPI0013376-0A patent/BR0013376B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2000-07-27 CN CNB008021325A patent/CN1214484C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-27 KR KR10-2002-7001916A patent/KR100480226B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2000-07-27 AU AU69874/00A patent/AU764242B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2000-07-27 WO PCT/EP2000/007236 patent/WO2001013459A1/de not_active Ceased

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