USRE40961E1 - Coating layer forming machine and method of forming it - Google Patents

Coating layer forming machine and method of forming it Download PDF

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Publication number
USRE40961E1
USRE40961E1 US11/117,775 US11777500A USRE40961E US RE40961 E1 USRE40961 E1 US RE40961E1 US 11777500 A US11777500 A US 11777500A US RE40961 E USRE40961 E US RE40961E
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United States
Prior art keywords
coating
former
cylindrical part
layer
coating layer
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US11/117,775
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English (en)
Inventor
Kouichi Takimoto
Kiyoshi Yasuda
Masato Satoh
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Nok Klueber Co Ltd
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Nok Klueber Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
    • B05C11/021—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the surface of an elongated body, e.g. a wire, a tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
    • B05C11/04—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface with blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
    • B05C11/04—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface with blades
    • B05C11/041—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface with blades characterised by means for positioning, loading, or deforming the blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C5/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work
    • B05C5/02—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work
    • B05C5/0208—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work the liquid or other fluent material being discharged through an outlet orifice by pressure, e.g. from an outlet device in contact or almost in contact, with the work for applying liquid or other fluent material to separate articles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a coating layer forming apparatus for forming a coating layer on a surface to be coated of a part and a method to form the coating layer.
  • a coating layer forming apparatus for obtaining a coating layer improved in dimensional accuracy of a sliding surface and a lubricating effect of a sliding surface of a piston etc. and a method to form a coating layer.
  • Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 8-173893 discloses a coating layer forming apparatus and a method to form a coated layer. An explanation will be given of the coating device disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 8-173893 with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • a coating device 100 shown in FIG. 1 is provided with a coating container 101 above a base material 104 .
  • the coating container 101 is filled with a coating solution 102 .
  • a shaft bearing support plate 103 for rotatably supporting the base material 104 .
  • the shaft bearing support plate 103 was mounted on it a not shown drive motor. The drive motor makes the base material 104 rotate in the illustrated clockwise arrow direction R.
  • the coating surface 105 of the base material 104 made to rotate by the not illustrated drive motor is coated on its entire surface as if being wrapped by it along with the rotation.
  • a blade 106 set to an inclined angle ⁇ of 135° with respect to a tangential direction of rotation of the base material 104 is provided at the surface to be coated 105 .
  • a front end 106 a of the blade 106 is held at a clearance of 100 ⁇ m from the coating surface 105 . Further, the front end 106 a of the blade 106 is formed into a stepped portion so as to become thinner.
  • the blade 106 is fixed to a block 107 .
  • the excess amount of the coating solution 102 coated on the base material 104 is collected by the blade 106 and made to flow downward via an inclined surface of the blade 106 while the not shown drive motor makes the base material 104 rotate five to six times at 200 rpm.
  • a solution receiving mechanism 108 for accommodating excess amount of the coating solution flowing down from a rear end of the blade 106 is provided.
  • the coating device 100 is simply structured and operates by a single principle, but suffers from the following disadvantages.
  • the coating solution 102 accommodated in the coating container 101 is made to drop from the nozzle of the coating container 101 on to the coating surface 105 of the rotating base material 104 by the free-fall dropping method, the amount dropped changes in accordance with the amount and viscosity of the coating solution 102 accommodated. Therefore, to prevent insufficient coating, a large amount of the coating solution 102 is made to drip on to the coating surface 105 of the substrate 104 and the excess amount of the coating solution is removed by the blade 106 and stored in the solution receiving mechanism 108 , but the amount of the coating solution 102 consumed becomes large—which is uneconomical.
  • the coating solution 102 has viscosity, so the amount of coating solution removed by the blade 106 changes in accordance with its viscosity. The thickness of the remaining coating solution on the coating surface 105 also changes in accordance with the viscosity. In this way, the quality of the coating film has a large dependence on the viscosity.
  • Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 10-26081 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 5-147189 disclose a screen printing method to coat material on a piston or other members.
  • the thickness of coated layer of the coating material becomes thin.
  • repeated coating is necessary. Therefore, there are problems that multiple coating is required, the number of steps in the process is increased, an increase in the coating facilities becomes necessary, and that the process of production becomes expensive.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a coating layer forming apparatus able to minimize the amount of the coating solution coated and to improve the accuracy of thickness of the coating layer formed by the coating solution and a method of formation thereof.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a coating layer forming apparatus able to improve the quality and the dimensional accuracy of the coated layer by a coating blade even if the coating accuracy for coating the coating solution on the coating surface of a part is insufficient and a method of formation thereof.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a coating layer forming apparatus able to improve the accuracy of thickness and quality of the coated layer regardless of the viscosity of the coating solution and a method of formation thereof.
  • Still another object of the present invention is to provide a coating layer forming apparatus able to improve the production efficiency of the formation of the coating layer and minimize the amount of the coating solution used and a method of formation thereof. Further, an object of the present invention is to provide a coating layer forming apparatus able to simplify the configuration of the coating layer forming apparatus and a method of formation thereof.
  • the coating layer forming apparatus comprises; a support portion for supporting in attachable, detachable and alignmentable manner; two ends of a part on which a coating layer is to be formed; a rotatingly support device having a rotation drive portion for making said part supported by the support portion rotate, a feeder for feeding a coating solution to a surface to be coated of the part supported by the support portion; a layer forming device having a coating former inclined at an angle ( ⁇ ) of 30° to 70° with respect to a tangential direction of rotation of said coating solution fed from the feeder to the coating surface and having a front end held at a clearance of a coating solution thickness from the coating surface; and a coating removing means for removing the amount of the coating solution deposited on the coating former of the layer forming device from the coating former.
  • the coating layer forming apparatus of the present invention explained above coats the coating solution coated on the coating surface by the layer forming device, while making the outer diameter of the coating layer uniform. At this time, even if the coating solution is coated nonuniformly on the coating surface, since the coating solution accumulated as the excess coating solution at the triangularly shaped space between the coating former and the coating surface of the part flows to the coating surface where it is insufficient, the coating layer is uniformly coated. Further, since the coating solution can be pressed to the coating surface by the coating former, the dimensional accuracy for the outer diameter of the coating layer is improved.
  • the coating solution of the coating surface coated from the feeder is not uniform, since the coating former levels the excess coating solution to make it uniform, it is possible to coat the coating solution in a ring shape via a feed nozzle and possible to form a high precision coating layer even if coating via an immersion tank filled with the coating solution is performed.
  • the coating removing means removes excess coating solution deposited on the coating former after the coating former of the layer forming apparatus forms the coating solution to the thickness of the coating layer.
  • the coating solution when the coating solution is deposited on the coating former, since the coating solution deposited on the coating former is removed by the coating removing means, the dimensional accuracy of the coating layer is improved and it is possible to prevent formation of projections on the surface of the coating layer. Further, it is possible to secure excess coating solution at the coating former during formation and press the coating solution, the dimensional accuracy and quality of the coating layer can be improved.
  • the coating removing means is comprised of an outlet at the layer forming side of the coating former provided at the layer forming device.
  • the excess coating solution is flowed through the outlet, and thus it is possible to secure a substantially constant amount of the excess coating solution and coat it on the coating surface. Also, the excess coating solution is reduced in stages. Therefore, it is possible to finish the surface of the coating layer with a high accuracy.
  • the layer forming device has a first coating former and an approximately parallel second coating former and has an outlet at the second coating former.
  • the second coating former provided with the outlet in addition to the first coating former, it is possible to form the coating solution in two stages to improve the accuracy of the coating layer. Further, when the excess coating solution becomes more than a certain amount in the first coating former, the first coating former is pulled back and solution is removed by the coating removing means. During this time, the second coating former forms the coating solution into a coating layer. By alternately removing the excess coating solution deposited onto the first and second coating formers in this way, it is possible to finish the surface of the coating layer with a high accuracy.
  • the coating layer forming apparatus comprises; a support portion for supporting in attachable, detachable and alignmentable manner, two ends of a part on which a coating layer is to be formed; a rotatingly support device having a rotation drive portion for making said part supported by the supports rotate; a feeder portion for feeding a coating solution to a coating surface of the part supported by the rotating support device; a rotating layer forming device provided along a circumferential direction of a rotation body with a plurality of blade-shaped coating formers each inclined in an angular range of 30° to 70° with respect to a tangential direction of rotation of said coating solution fed from the feeder to the coating surface and formed at a clearance of the coating layer thickness from the coating surface; and a washing tank where the coating formers are washed below the rotating layer forming device, the rotation direction of the rotating layer forming device being opposite to that of the rotation of the part.
  • the coating layer forming apparatus provides the rotation body with the first, second, third, and further coating formers inclined and the coating former is configured so as to be washed in a washing tank, it is possible to finish the coating layer while either washing the coating solution deposited on the coating former or washing it at the end of each forming process. Therefore, it is possible to form a high precision coating layer.
  • the rotating layer forming device successively intermittently rotates for each first forming step where the plurality of coating formers form said coating solution into the coating layer.
  • the layer forming device rotates and finishes the coating layer by the next coating former.
  • the rotation drive portion of the rotating support device makes the part rotate in a range of 5 to 200 rotations per minute in one forming step and makes the rotational speed larger before making the coating formers move away from the coating layer.
  • the part when coating the coating solution on the coating surface, the part is rotated at a low rotational speed, while when forming and finishing the coating layer, it is rotated at a higher speed than the first low rotation and the coating former is pulled away from the coating layer surface so that projections are not formed on the surface of the coating layer.
  • the method of forming a coating layer of the present invention comprises centering and supporting two ends of a part and making a coating surface rotate by a rotating support device, coating a coating solution from a feeder on the coating surface, forming a coating layer by a coating former inclined at an inclined angle of 30° to 70° with respect to a tangential direction of rotation of the coating solution coated on the coating surface and held at a clearance of the coating layer thickness from the coating surface, removing the excess coating solution deposited on the coating former via a coating removing means, and forming a coating layer of a next forming step.
  • the method of forming a coating layer of the present invention arranges the coating former inclined in the range of 30° to 70° with respect to the rotating tangential direction of the coating solution to form the coating layer while interposing excess coating solution at the coating former and, when the excess coating solution is deposited more than necessary or when shifting to the next forming process, removes the coating former via the coating removing means and finishes the outer surface of the coating layer.
  • a cylindrical part rotates at a first speed, lower than a second speed used when positioning the coating former, to coat a coating solution on a surface of the cylindrical part.
  • the coating solution has a viscosity of 100 CP to 20,000 CP at a coating temperature of 25° C. and a shear rate of 100 S ⁇ 1 .
  • the coating solution has an organic resin as a binder dissolved or dispersed in water or an organic solvent and a PTFE powder as a solid lubricant, including 10 to 100 parts by weight of PTFE powder based on 100 parts by weight of the binder.
  • the PTFE powder provides an excellent lubricating effect and it becomes possible to form a coated layer with a good surface precision.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a conventional coating layer forming apparatus.
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view along with the line H—H in FIG. 3 of a coating layer forming apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the coating layer forming apparatus illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a side elevation of a coating former and a coating surface of a part according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of a rotating support device illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of the part according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of formation of the coating layer on the part illustrated in FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 are front views of nozzles of embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 A and FIG. 11B are views of a coating former of an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 11A is a plan view and FIG. 11B is a side elevation of FIG. 11 A.
  • FIG. 12 A and FIG. 12B are views of the coating former of another embodiment according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 12A is a plan view and FIG. 12B is a side elevation of FIG. 12 A.
  • FIG. 13 is a sectional view of the coating layer formed on the part in the state shown in FIG. 13 .
  • FIG. 14 is a view of the relation of a controller, a coating tank, and a feeder in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 15A to FIG. 15C are views of a coating layer forming apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention and a method of formation thereof, wherein FIG. 15A is a plan view of a coating removing means provided at the coating former of the second embodiment, FIG. 15B is a sectional view along the line H—H of FIG. 15A , and FIG. 15C is a side elevation of FIG. 15 A.
  • FIG. 16 is a sectional side elevation of a coating layer forming apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is a sectional side elevation of a coating layer forming apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a sectional side elevation of a coating layer forming apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 is a sectional side elevation of a coating layer forming apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a side elevation of a spray coating painter of the present invention.
  • a first embodiment of the coating layer forming apparatus and method of formation thereof of the present invention will be explained with reference FIG. 2 to FIG. 14 .
  • FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show a coating layer forming apparatus of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side elevation of a coating layer forming apparatus along the line H—H in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a view of the relationship of arrangement of the coating former 21 with respect to the coating surface D of a cylindrical part A as seen along the line H—H of FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of a rotating support device of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 6 is a front view of the cylindrical part of FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 is a front view of the formation of the coated layer on the coating surface of the cylindrical part to be coated of FIG. 6 .
  • the coating layer forming apparatus 1 illustrated in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 is comprised, as main parts, of a rotating support device 2 for rotating the cylindrical part A, a feeder 15 for coating the coating solution B on the cylindrical part A, the layer forming device 20 for forming the coated layer C from the coating solution B, a coating solution removing means 30 for removing the coating solution B deposited on the coating former 21 as excess coating solution E when forming it on the coating surface D by the layer forming device 20 , and a controller 40 for controlling these parts.
  • the rotating support device 2 is configured as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the cylindrical part A is formed as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the cylindrical part A is a test piece a lubricating coating layer C′ on a sliding surface of a piston.
  • the coating layer C′ is formed on the surface D of the test piece to be coated as shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the coating layer C′ is formed as explained above, then is processed by subsequent processes of the present invention, that is, a drying process and a baking process. The material etc. of the coating layer C will be described later.
  • the cylindrical part A is provided at its two ends with conical centering holes.
  • a positioner 5 of the rotating support device 2 is fitted into each centering hole F to position the mounting device of the cylindrical part A.
  • Positioners 5 are provided at the two end surfaces 6 , 6 A facing the supports 4 , 4 A.
  • an end surface 6 of one support 4 is provided with a rotation member 4 b for pressing against and rotating the part A.
  • the other support 4 is provided with a rotation drive 7 , for instance, a motor, to make the positioner 4 and rotation member 4 b rotate.
  • the other support 4 A is configured to be movable so as to be able to move horizontally by a movement means 9 , that is, an air cylinder, via a guide rail 8 mounted on a support table 3 .
  • a movement means 9 that is, an air cylinder
  • the part A is easily mounted in the rotating support 2 .
  • the air cylinder 9 is used to open the supports 4 , 4 A and take out the part A.
  • the coating former 21 is arranged at a position orthogonal to the axis of the cylindrical part A mounted in the supports 4 , 4 A.
  • the coating former 21 is slidably mounted via a guide 22 and can relatively move with respect to the cylindrical part A by a first drive 23 (for example, an air cylinder or a motor turning a screw thread).
  • the guide 22 and the first drive 23 are fixed to a frame 24 .
  • the frame 24 is mounted at the support 4 via a shaft 13 so as to be rotatable.
  • a second drive 25 comprised of an air cylinder or screw thread is designed to be moved or rotated to enable adjustment of the inclined angle ⁇ of the coating former 21 with respect to the coating surface D of the cylindrical part A illustrated in FIG. 4 . By this adjustment, the distance between the tip of the coating former 21 and the coating surface D can be adjusted.
  • the inclined angle ⁇ is so designed that the direction of the coating former 21 with respect to the tangential direction of rotation P of the cylindrical part A can be accurately adjusted to an acute angle, for example, a range of 20°° to 80°.
  • the inclined angle ⁇ is preferably made within the range of 30° to 70°.
  • the inclined angle ⁇ is set corresponding to the viscosity etc. of the coating solution B within this range.
  • the frame 24 is configured so as to be able to be finely adjusted in the vertical direction along an elongated hole 10 provided at the support 4 .
  • the coating solution B to be shaped by the coating former 21 is coated from a nozzle 16 of the feeder 15 arranged above the coating surface D on the coating surface D. Also, a solenoid valve 17 is provided at the feeder 15 .
  • the coating solution B is filled and stored in a coating tank 50 as shown in FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , and FIG. 14 .
  • the coating solution B in the coating tank 50 is delivered under pressure by compressed air introduced from an air tank 51 via a pipe 52 coupled with an air tank 51 .
  • the compressed coating solution B is supplied to the feeder 15 through a tube 53 connecting the coating tank 50 and the solenoid valve 17 .
  • the coating solution B supplied to the feeder 15 is coated from the nozzle 16 by controlling the solenoid A valve 17 by a controller 40 .
  • the feeder 15 covers the coating surface D in the axial direction by the five nozzles 16 formed as shown in FIG. 9 , so by rotating the coating surface D, the coating solution B is coated in five rings on the coating surface D.
  • the feeder 15 is made to move in the axial direction of the part A by a third drive (air cylinder etc.) 11 to coat the coating surface D in a spiral manner.
  • the feeder 15 can be made to move by a fourth drive 12 so as to be able to move away from or approach the cylindrical part A.
  • FIG. 8 is a front view of the nozzle supplying the coating solution of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 9 is a front view of a nozzle showing another embodiment of FIG. 8 .
  • FIG. 10 is a front view of a nozzle showing still another embodiment of FIG. 8 .
  • the shape of the nozzle 16 is one shown in FIG. 8 to FIG. 10 in the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 there is one nozzle 16 , so since the third drive 11 also makes the cylindrical part A rotate while moving the feeder 15 in the axial direction of the coating surface D, the coating solution B is coated spirally on the surface of the cylindrical part A. Also, if the coating solution B is coated without rotating the cylindrical part A, the coating solution B being coated linearly.
  • the nozzle of FIG. 9 is as explained above.
  • the nozzle 16 shown in FIG. 10 is formed to have a rectangular sectional shape and the outlet of the coating solution B is formed in a rectangular sectional shape, so the solution is coated in a strip over the entire coating surface D of the cylindrical part A.
  • the width of the outlet of the nozzle 16 is smaller than the width of the coating surface D, the solution is coated in a strip over the entire surface along with movement in the axial direction of the coating surface D by the third drive 11 .
  • FIG. 11 A and FIG. 11 B and in FIG. 12 A and FIG. 12 B Preferable embodiments of the coating former 21 in the layer forming device 20 are shown in FIG. 11 A and FIG. 11 B and in FIG. 12 A and FIG. 12 B.
  • FIG. 11A is a plan view of a coating former, while FIG. 11B is a sectional side elevation along the line H—H of FIG. 11 A.
  • FIG. 12A is a plan view of a coating former of another embodiment of the coating forming device illustrated in FIG. 11B , while FIG. 12B is a sectional side elevation along the line V—V of FIG. 12 A.
  • the coating former 21 illustrated in FIG. 11 A and FIG. 11B is comprised of a layer former 35 , front end 35 a formed at the front end of the layer former 35 in the form of a wedge by an inclined surface 36 , and mounting holes 38 through which screws for fastening this coating former 21 to the layer former 35 via a mount 28 pass.
  • the inclined surface 36 is located at the side where the cylindrical part A and the front end 35 a face each other.
  • the coating former 21 illustrated in FIG. 12 A and FIG. 12B has a layer former 35 , a front end 35 b cut away at the front end of the layer former 35 by a arc-shaped cross-section 36 A, and mounted holes 38 .
  • the arc-shaped cross-section 36 A is located at a back side where the cylindrical part A and the front end 35 a face each other.
  • the width W of the front end 35 b and the arc-shaped cross-section 36 a prevent waviness in the coating layer formed on the coating surface D of the cylindrical part A.
  • the coated coating solution B coated on the surface of the cylindrical part A is formed into the coating layer C by the coating former 21 as shown in FIG. 13 .
  • the thickness t of the coating layer C may be made within the range of 0.01 mm to 0.50 mm. Further, it was found by experiments that the preferable thickness of the coating layer C was from 0.02 mm to 0.30 mm. If the thickness of the coating layer C is more than 0.30 mm, a certain time for the drying process is required to prevent a foaming during drying or baking. Further, if the thickness t becomes more than 0.50 mm, the coating solution B will drip or the foaming will occur at the time of drying or baking and it becomes difficult to form the coating layer C′ obtained after drying and baking to a uniform thickness.
  • the lower limit of the thickness t of the coating layer C is less than 0.01 mm, if the cylindrical part A is used for a piston, the coating layer C′ which is obtained after a drying or baking process' has shortage in a lubrication action.
  • the present invention has another object to obtain the coating layer having lubricating effect C′ after completion of baking as the coating surface D when using the cylindrical part A as a piston.
  • the thickness of the coating layer can be adjusted by for example vertically adjusting the frame 24 along an elongated hole provided in the support 4 to adjust the distance between the surface of the cylindrical part A and the front end of the coating former 21 and adjusting the inclined angle ⁇ of the coating former 21 according to the viscosity of the coating solution.
  • the coating former 21 for forming the coating layer C is configured to be adjustable to an inclined angle ⁇ of 20° to 80° at the point of contact of the coating former 21 with respect to the tangential direction of rotation P of the coating surface D. If the inclined angle ⁇ of the coating former 21 is made an angle smaller than 20°, the contact area with the coating solution B is increased and buildup increases a portion of the coating layer C. Also, if the inclined angle ⁇ is more than 80°, the amount of the coating solution B scraped off by the coating former 21 is increased and it becomes necessary to supply an excess amount of the coating solution B. Therefore, the inclined angle ⁇ of the coating former 21 preferable in terms of quality is 30° to 70°. If so, the dimensional accuracy of the coating layer C was improved.
  • the coating removing means 30 moving reciprocally in a direction orthogonal to a direction of movement of the coating former 21 is provided.
  • the coating removing means 30 is provided with a fifth driving portion (air cylinder) 14 for making a coating removing tool 31 reciprocally move guided along a recess 34 formed in a guide 22 .
  • the coating removing tool 31 is rectangularly formed and is coupled at its rear with the fifth drive 14 .
  • the front end is formed so as to slide on the upper surface of the coating former 21 and remove the excess amount of coating solution E.
  • the coating solution B of this embodiment used for the coating layer forming apparatus 1 is a heat curing type slidable coating. It is comprised of an organic base resin as a binder and PTFE powder as a solid lubricant dissolved or dispersed in water or an organic solvent and contains 10 to 100 parts by weight of PTFE powder with respect to 100 parts by weight of the binder.
  • the coating solution B of this range is excellent as a lubrication coating layer.
  • the lubrication coating layer must have a wear resistant ability, sliding ability, and sealing ability.
  • the above mentioned composition has three abilities. If the PTFE powder is contained in an amount less than 10 percent by weight, the sliding ability becomes insufficient. Further, if the PTFE powder is contained in an amount over 50 percent by weight, the strength of the coating layer C′ after drying and baking is reduced.
  • a polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyamidimide resin, epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, phenol resin, polyester resin, urethane resin, and the like was used. These may be used alone or in mixtures of two or more types.
  • a rheology control powder is used to adjust the viscosity characteristic of the coating solution. Note that as the solid lubricant, in addition to PTFE powder, it is possible to use graphite and molybdenum disulfide, while as an additive, it is possible to use a pigment, antifoaming agent, surfactant or the like.
  • the viscosity of the coating solution B is preferably in the range of 100 CP to 20,000 CP. More particularly, a range of 1000 CP to 10,000 CP is better. If less than 1000 CP, the coating solution B easily drips from the coating surface D and it is hard to make the coating layer C thick. Further, if over 10,000 CP, the leveling ability becomes poor, so to solve this, the coating time becomes longer and therefore the productivity is reduced.
  • viscosity characteristics are measured using a cone plate type rotary viscometer. The viscosity was measured at 25° C. and at a shear rate of 100S ⁇ 1 (share rate).
  • FIG. 14 is a view showing the relation of connection of the controller, the coating tank, and the feeder illustrated in FIG. 2 .
  • the controller 40 , air tank 51 , solenoid valve (working valve) 17 , feeder 15 , coating former 21 , nozzle 16 , and coating tank 50 are connected as illustrated. Details of the constitution illustrated in FIG. 14 will be given later.
  • the cylindrical part A used for the piston as shown in FIG. 6 or FIG. 7 is produced by machining.
  • the cylindrical part A is set in the rotating support device 2 as shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the other support 4 A freely moving by the moving means 9 Is opened to attach the cylindrical part A to the rotating support device 2 , and the other support 4 A is closed (state of FIG. 5 ).
  • the cylindrical part A is attached by the positioner 5 in a specific position.
  • the state of attachment of this attached cylindrical part A in the coated layer forming apparatus 1 becomes as shown in FIG. 2 . This is the attachment step.
  • the air tank 51 and the solenoid valve (working valve) 17 act and the coating solution B is coated on the coating surface D of the cylindrical part A from the nozzle 16 of the feeder 15 .
  • the rotation drive 7 rotates the cylindrical part A under the instruction of the controller 40 .
  • the cylindrical part A is made to rotate by transmission of the power of the rotation drive 7 to the cylindrical part A via the pivot member 4 b.
  • the rotations speed is within a range from 30 rpm to 200 rpm.
  • the rotation changes between two speeds with a first speed of 50 rpm and a second speed of 100 rpm.
  • the change in speed is done immediately before the separation of the coating former 21 of the layer forming device 20 from the coated layer C. This is the coating step of coating the coating solution B on the coating surface D of the cylindrical part A.
  • the coated layer C has an uneven surface, so the first drive 23 acts under the instruction of the controller 40 and makes the coating former 21 extend to the cylindrical part A. Then, the front end surface of the layer former 35 of the coating former 21 reduces the clearance 29 of the cylindrical part A with the coating surface D to a range of from 0.02 mm to 0.50 mm.
  • the coating solution B is formed on the coated layer C by the coating former 21 while the cylindrical part A is being rotated at 50 rpm in this state.
  • the clearance 29 between the coating former 21 and the coating surface D is held at 0.1 mm when forming the coated layer C.
  • This step is the coated layer forming step. Note that the excess amount of the coating solution is removed from the coated layer C by the coating former 21 .
  • the coating former 21 is adjusted to inclined angle ⁇ by the second drive 25 .
  • This inclined angle ⁇ is adjusted within a range of from 20° to 80°, but in the present embodiment, it was set at 45 ⁇ .
  • the shaft 13 is moved along the elongated hole 10 by a not illustrated adjustment screw so as to finely adjust the position relationship (position in the Y-direction) between the layer former 35 of the coating former 21 and the coating surface D.
  • the excess amount coating solution E is stored in the layer former 35 of the coating former 21 during the coated layer shaping step, but the larger the excess amount of coating solution E, the worse the precision of the circumferential surface of the coated layer C, therefore the excess coating solution E deposited on the coating former 21 is removed by the coating removing means 30 at the stage where the coating former 21 is retracted so as to improve the forming finishing work of the layer former 35 at the time of formation in the next formation step.
  • This step is the coating removal step.
  • the formation step of the coated layer C is completed.
  • the cylindrical part A formed with the coated layer C is taken out of the rotating support device 2 .
  • This cylindrical part A formed with the coated layer C passes through the drying step and the baking step, whereby the formation step is completed. These drying step and the baking step can be carried out by various facilities. This is the final step.
  • the excess amount of the coating solution E deposited on the coating former 21 becomes larger than the set amount, it is also possible for a not illustrated sensor to make the first drive 23 operate to return the former to the guide 22 and have the amount of the solution removed by the coating removing means 30 .
  • the coating former 21 then again extends to form the coated layer C.
  • a second embodiment of the coating layer forming apparatus and method of formation thereof of the present invention will be explained next with reference to FIG. 15 .
  • FIG. 15 shows a coating removing means 30 B provided at the coating former 21 of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15A is a plan view of the coating former 21 provided with the coating removing means 30 B.
  • FIG. 15B is a sectional view taken along the line V—V in FIG. 15 A.
  • FIG. 15C is a side elevation of the coating former 21 in FIG. 15 A.
  • the coating former illustrated in FIG. 15A to FIG. 15C may be used as the second coating former 21 described later.
  • the coating former 21 is formed in a blade shape, and the mounting portion 28 of the rear end is provided with mounting holes 38 for attaching to a holder 37 of the layer forming device 20 .
  • a layer former 35 is formed on the inclined surface at the front end opposite to the rear end.
  • the rectangular outlet 26 is formed at the bottom surface in the recess formed in the inclined surface 27 from the two ends to the center at the layer former 35 side.
  • the two sides of the inclined surface 27 are formed in stepped surfaces.
  • the stepped surfaces may also be formed as steep inclined surfaces from the two sides.
  • the coating removing means 30 B may be an outlet 26 provided with a large number of holes.
  • the coating removing means 30 B provided at the coating former 21 as described above is mounted to the holder 37 shown in FIG. 2 . Further, when the coating solution B is formed into the coating layer C by the coating former 21 , the excess amount of the coating solution E flows to the outlet 26 of the coating removing means 30 B and is removed.
  • the coating removing means 30 shown in FIG. 2 is unnecessary, but it is also possible to use the two.
  • the rest of the configuration is similar to that of FIG. 2 .
  • a third embodiment of the coating layer forming apparatus and method of formation thereof of the present invention will be explained next with reference to FIG. 16 .
  • FIG. 16 is a sectional side elevation of the coating layer forming apparatus 1 of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the point of difference from FIG. 2 is that the layer forming apparatus 20 is formed with functions corresponding to the rotating layer forming device 20 A and that the excess amount of the coating solution E deposited on the contained former 21 of the rotating layer forming device 20 A is washed off by solvent filled in the washing tank 30 A.
  • the washing tank 30 A is provided with a jet nozzle 32 .
  • the solvent may be ejected from the jet nozzle 32 to strike and wash the layer former 35 .
  • the layer forming device 20 explained above is the rotating layer forming device 20 A.
  • the rotating layer forming device 20 A is structured with disk-shaped flanges 18 welded to the two ends of a cylindrical body 39 and with six blades welded equally arranged between the flanges 18 .
  • the six coating formers 21 that is, blades, may in accordance with need to be two, four, six, or eight formers.
  • each coating former 21 rotates once at the completion of each process for forming the coating layer C, but it is also possible to perform rough forming and fine forming by rotation of two coating formers 21 in one process. Further, it is also possible to rotate a plurality of formers in one process in accordance with need. These are then operated by instructions from a controller 40 .
  • the washing tank 30 A corresponds to the coating removing means 30 in FIG. 2 .
  • the washing tank 30 A is not illustrated, but is configured to be able to freely move to and from the rotating layer forming device 20 A and designed to be able to adjust the depth of the washing solution.
  • reference numeral 48 denotes a supply pipe of the washing solution. The rest of the configuration is similar to that shown in FIG. 2 .
  • a fourth embodiment of the coating layer forming apparatus and method of formation thereof of the present invention will be explained next with reference to FIG. 17 .
  • FIG. 17 is a side elevation of the coating layer forming apparatus 1 of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the point of difference from the third embodiment is that a plurality of outlets 26 explained in the second embodiment (refer to FIG. 15 ) are provided at the blade shaped coating former 21 .
  • the washing effect in the washing tank 30 A is improved by the outlets 26 .
  • the rest of the configuration is similar to the third embodiment.
  • a fifth embodiment of the coating layer forming apparatus and method of formation thereof of the present invention will be explained next with reference to FIG. 18 .
  • FIG. 18 is a side elevation of the coating layer forming apparatus 1 of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the point of difference from the coating layer forming apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is that the feeder 15 is formed in an immersion tank 15 A.
  • the immersion tank 15 A is filled with the coating solution B.
  • the immersion tank 15 A is arranged below the rotating support device 2 .
  • the cylindrical part A is coated on its coating surface D by rotation.
  • the immersion tank 15 A and the cylindrical part A are designed to be able to move to and from with each other relatively in the Y-direction. Movement in the Y-direction is performed by a sixth drive 33 .
  • a signal is transmitted to the controller 40 from a level sensor 49 provided within the immersion bath 15 A.
  • the sixth drive 33 is operated based on instructions issued from the controller 40 to the sixth drive 33 .
  • the rest of the configuration is similar to the coating layer forming apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the amount of the coating solution is adjusted in accordance with the depth to which the cylindrical part A is immersed in the coating solution B.
  • a sixth embodiment of the coating layer forming apparatus and method of formation thereof of the present invention will be explained next with reference to FIG. 19 .
  • FIG. 19 is a side elevation of the coating layer forming apparatus 1 of the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the point of difference from the coating layer forming apparatus 1 in FIG. 2 is that the coating former of the layer forming device 20 is comprised of the first coating former 21 and the second coating former 21 a.
  • This configuration is a two-stage configuration as shown in FIG. 19 .
  • the coating former is sometimes comprised of two first coating formers 21 arranged in parallel in two stages and sometimes comprised of the first coating former 21 and the second coating former 21 a of the shape shown in FIG. 14 arranged in two stages.
  • the first drive 23 coupled with the second coating former 21 a is operated to make it retract during the formation of the coating layer C by the first coating former 21 and the excess amount of the coating solution E deposited on the layer former 35 is removed using the coating removing means 30 .
  • the second coating former 21 a is advanced to form the coating solution B into the coating layer C at a high precision.
  • the first coating former 21 is retracted and the excess amount of the coating solution E is removed by the coating removing means 30 . That is, the first coating former 21 and the second coating former 21 a are alternately operated to form the coating layer C.
  • providing the second coating former 21 a as a second stage prevents generation of excess amount of the coating solution E and prevents projections from being caused due to buildup of the solution at the surface of the coating layer C.
  • the rotation drive 7 operates at a low speed at an initial stage of the formation of the coating layer C under instructions of the controller 40 .
  • the speed is made higher than the initial one, the coating former 21 is retracted, and the process of formation of the coating layer C is completed.
  • the high speed rotation prevents the projections from forming on the surface of the coating layer C due to buildup of the excess amount of the coating solution deposited on the coating former 21 and gives a high dimensional accuracy.
  • the two stages of rotation of the cylindrical part A in the seventh embodiment are obtained by controlling the rotation drive 7 by the controller 40 .
  • the two-stage rotation coating layer forming apparatus 1 can be employed in the first embodiment to the sixth embodiment.
  • the rotational speeds may, as explained above, be ones in the range of from 30 rpm to 200 rpm.
  • the first rotational speed is made at 30 rpm and the second rotational speed is made at 100 rpm.
  • the first rotational speed is made at 60 rpm and the second rotational speed is made at 150 rpm.
  • the cylindrical part A of the examples is the one shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the coating former 21 is the former shown in FIG. 11 and is used it as the first coating former 21 and the former shown in FIG. 15 is used as the second coating former 21 a for two-stage formation in the state of the FIG. 19 .
  • the cylindrical part A shown in FIG. 6 was set in the coating layer forming apparatus 1 of the present invention.
  • the coating solution B was successively coated in rings in one second at a time at three equal points equally arranged along the axial direction of the coating surface D using the nozzle 16 shown in FIG. 8 while rotating the cylindrical part A at a first rotational speed of 60 rpm.
  • the inclined angle ⁇ of the coating former 21 of the layer forming device 20 was made at 45° and the layer former 35 was held at a clearance 29 of 0.2 mm with respect to the coating surface D to form the coating layer C.
  • the rotational speed of the cylindrical part A was changed to 100 rpm and the coating former 21 was pulled away from the coating layer C.
  • the cylindrical part A was detached from the rotary support device 2 and dried and baked in an electric furnace under drying and baking conditions. It could be observed that a uniform coating layer C was formed on the cylindrical part A after the end of the baking.
  • the coating solution component after drying and baking included 30 wt % of PTFE powder and had a viscosity of 3000 CP.
  • Example 2 The same procedure was performed in Example 2 as with Example 1 except the points described below.
  • the coating solution B was coated for 2 seconds from the nozzle 16 so as to form five rings on the coating surface D.
  • Example 3 The same procedure was performed in Example 3 as with Example 1 except the points described below.
  • a nozzle 16 having an opening the same as the length in the axial direction of the coating surface D shown in FIG. 10 is used.
  • Example 4 The same procedure was performed in Example 4 as with Example 1 except the points described below.
  • Example 5 The same procedure was performed in Example 5 as with Example 1 except the points described below.
  • Example 1 The same nozzle as in Example 1 was used to coat the coating solution B linearly in the axial direction of the coating surface D of the cylindrical part A.
  • Example 6 The same procedure was performed in Example 6 as with Example 1 except the points described below.
  • a cylindrical part A was set on a rotation table 111 in a vertical direction.
  • a spraygun 110 was used to coat the same coating solution B as each example on the surface of the coating surface by spray coating. This was then dried and baked under the same conditions as the examples.
  • Example 3 The same procedure was followed as in Example 3, except the rotational speed was made 10 rpm and the coating time of the coating solution B from the nozzle 16 was made 6 seconds.
  • the inclined angle of the coating former was made one by which the front end was inclined upward by 45° opposite from Example 3.
  • Example 6 The same procedure was performed as in Example 6. Unlike Example 6, however, the excess coating solution of the coating former was not removed.
  • the amount used in the coating of the solution B increased in one coating layer process.
  • the coating for the lubrication use coating layer is expensive, when there are a large number of cylindrical parts A, the cost of the cylindrical part A increases.
  • Example 6 Comparative Example 3, where only the removal of the excess coating solution E of the coating former 21 differs, it is observed that when the coating former 21 moves away from the coating surface D, the buildup of the coating surface formed by the excess amount of the coating solution E increases in quantity with progress of the experiments.
  • the coating layer forming apparatus of the present invention enables formation of a coating layer to be formed with the minimum amount of the coating solution by setting the coating former at an inclined angle and by the function of the coating removing means, enabling the amount of the expensive coating solution used to be reduced thereby reducing the cost of the part.
  • the effect is exhibited of preventing buildup and waviness at the surface of the coating layer and enabling to form a high precision sliding surface.
  • the effect can be expected that even if the method of coating of the feeder of the coating solution is simple, the coating layer can be formed well and the device of the feeder can be made at lower cost.
  • the layer forming device is configured as a rotating layer forming device and the coating removing is device configured to remove the excess amount of the coating solution by the washing tank, so the coating layer can be formed in a short time and the productivity can be improved.
  • the excess amount of the coating solution deposited on the coating former can be continuously removed, high precision surroundings can be formed.
  • the method of formation of the present invention can reduce the amount of the coating solution used and thereby reduce the cost of the part.
  • the method of formation of the present invention improves the dimensional accuracy of the outer circumferential surface of the coating layer and facilitates in terms of quality control and enables to improve the precision of formation even in the case of such a hard handling coating solution as solution for a lubrication coating layer.
  • the coating layer forming apparatus and the method of formation of a coating layer of the present invention can be used for coatings for pistons and various other coatings.

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JP4158962B2 (ja) 2001-06-01 2008-10-01 漢拏空調株式会社 圧縮機ピストンコーティング方法
US8277881B2 (en) * 2004-05-21 2012-10-02 Building Materials Investment Corporation White reflective coating for modified bitumen membrane
WO2008090625A1 (fr) * 2007-01-26 2008-07-31 Ibiden Co., Ltd. Appareil pour former une couche périphérique externe et procédé de fabrication d'une structure en nid d'abeilles
JP5374962B2 (ja) * 2008-03-07 2013-12-25 富士ゼロックス株式会社 シームレスベルトの製造装置、製造方法
US8617659B2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2013-12-31 Corning Incorporated Methods of applying a layer to a honeycomb body
KR101084967B1 (ko) * 2009-08-19 2011-11-23 주식회사 탑 엔지니어링 도포 장비의 테잎 지지장치 및 그를 이용한 도포 방법
JP5684513B2 (ja) * 2010-08-17 2015-03-11 本田技研工業株式会社 粘性材料の塗布装置
JP5483597B2 (ja) * 2010-12-08 2014-05-07 信越ポリマー株式会社 ローラの製造方法
KR101453885B1 (ko) * 2013-06-10 2014-11-03 주식회사 지오스에어로젤 원단용 침윤시스템 및 이를 이용한 원단의 제작방법
KR101473813B1 (ko) 2013-07-15 2014-12-17 주식회사 지오스에어로젤 원단용 기능성 용액 주입시스템 및 이를 이용한 원단의 제작방법
KR101485784B1 (ko) 2013-07-24 2015-01-26 주식회사 지오스에어로젤 단열 및 방음 기능 향상을 위한 에어로겔이 포함된 단열성 조성물 및 이를 이용한 단열원단의 제조방법
KR101562552B1 (ko) 2014-07-30 2015-10-23 주식회사 지오스에어로젤 에어로젤이 함유된 알루미늄 복합패널 및 그 제조방법
KR101755920B1 (ko) * 2015-12-08 2017-07-07 현대자동차주식회사 연료전지용 기체확산층과, 이를 제조하기 위한 장치 및 방법
JPWO2021039292A1 (fr) * 2019-08-30 2021-03-04

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US6555162B1 (en) 2003-04-29
WO2000041820A1 (fr) 2000-07-20
KR20010041828A (ko) 2001-05-25
JP4502073B2 (ja) 2010-07-14
HUP0103023A2 (hu) 2001-11-28
EP1065004A1 (fr) 2001-01-03
HU224539B1 (hu) 2005-10-28
JP4457245B2 (ja) 2010-04-28
KR100644951B1 (ko) 2006-11-10
HUP0103023A3 (en) 2002-08-28
JP2010089090A (ja) 2010-04-22
EP1065004A4 (fr) 2006-09-13

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