LU500537B1 - Preparation device and method of cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order - Google Patents
Preparation device and method of cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order Download PDFInfo
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- LU500537B1 LU500537B1 LU500537A LU500537A LU500537B1 LU 500537 B1 LU500537 B1 LU 500537B1 LU 500537 A LU500537 A LU 500537A LU 500537 A LU500537 A LU 500537A LU 500537 B1 LU500537 B1 LU 500537B1
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- grinding wheel
- disposed
- workbench
- abrasive grains
- cup
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0072—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using adhesives for bonding abrasive particles or grinding elements to a support, e.g. by gluing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/06—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic metallic or mixture of metals with ceramic materials, e.g. hard metals, "cermets", cements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
- B24D7/02—Wheels in one piece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D7/00—Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings or mountings therefor
- B24D7/18—Wheels of special form
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D2203/00—Tool surfaces formed with a pattern
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Abstract
Provided are a preparation device and method of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order. The preparation device includes a frame, a workbench, an abrasive spreading device, and a laser sintering device, wherein a position of the workbench on the frame is adjusted by using a workbench position adjustment mechanism, and a grinding wheel base is placed on the workbench for machining; the abrasive spreading device is used to spray abrasives onto the grinding wheel base; and the laser sintering device is used to sinter the abrasives spread on the grinding wheel base in real time.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD The present disclosure relates to the technical field of abrasive tool preparation, and more particularly relates to a preparation device and method of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order.
BACKGROUND With the rapid development of modern manufacturing industry, the requirements for processing accuracy and quality of various materials are increasingly higher. Although difficult-to-machine materials such as stainless steel and cemented carbide have excellent mechanical properties, they have poor machining properties; and especially have problems such as a high grinding force, high grinding temperature, and low efficiency during grinding. Moreover, their machined surfaces are easily burnt and hardened layers are produced, resulting in scrapped parts and waste of resources. Because the conventional grinding wheel with randomly arranged abrasive grains has an insufficient ability to hold the abrasive grains, the abrasive grains easily fall off, which increases the surface roughness of a workpiece, shortens the service life of the grinding wheel, and further it is difficult to discharge chips and introduce a grinding fluid, easily resulting in burning of the workpiece.
The patent with the publication No. CN105058255A discloses a device for preparing a grinding wheel with magnetic abrasive grains arranged in order, which enables orderly arrangement of the abrasive grains by using a magnetic field. Depending on the magnetic field, this device is effective only for magnetic metal abrasive grains, and results in a limited arrangement form.
The patent with the publication No. CN105415216A discloses a method for preparing a diamond grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order by means of 3D printing, where the arrangement form of the abrasive grains is not limited. However, this method only realizes regular arrangement of grain groups, but fails to achieve orderly arrangement of a single abrasive grain or few abrasive grains.
The patent with the publication No. CN204450260U discloses a device with abrasives arranged in tiers and order, which realizes orderly arrangement of abrasive grains by using thin pipettes arranged in order to suck the abrasive grains and implant them into a base. However, the manufacture of the grinding wheel by such a manner requires specially manufacturing a corresponding thin pipette group, and 1t is difficult to manufacture the thin pipettes with a small bore diameter, thus bringing inconvenience in practice.
SUMMARY To solve the foregoing problems, the present disclosure provides a reparation device and method of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order, which can enable a temporary storage tank to implement fixed-quantity suction under a negative pressure and spraying under a positive pressure by means of the rotation of an eccentric shaft, and realize orderly and regular arrangement of abrasives on the end surface of a grinding wheel base with the combination of a workbench position adjustment mechanism. At the same time, a laser sintering device is used to sinter the abrasives on the end surface of the grinding wheel base, thus rendering the arrangement of the abrasives precise and flexible and obtaining a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order.
To achieve the foregoing objectives, the present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions: A preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order is provided, which includes a frame; a workbench disposed on the frame, where a position of the workbench on the frame is adjusted by using a workbench position adjustment mechanism, and a grinding wheel base is placed on the workbench for machining; an abrasive spreading device disposed on the frame and used to spray abrasives onto the grinding wheel base; and a laser sintering device disposed on the frame and used to sinter the abrasives spread on the grinding wheel base in real time.
Further, the abrasive spreading device includes: a first casing disposed on the frame via a first bottom support, where the first casing and the first bottom support enclose a storage tank; a side cover disposed on the first casing; a suction and spray mechanism including a first transmission mechanism, an eccentric shaft, a plunger piston, and a delivery wheel, where the first transmission mechanism produces output to the eccentric shaft, the eccentric shaft is connected to the plunger piston via a hinge pin, the eccentric shaft is disposed on the first casing via a bearing, the first casing and the first bottom support enclose the storage tank, the side cover and the first casing enclose a delivery tank, arc-shaped slide rails are disposed at the bottom of the delivery tank, sliding chutes are disposed on the delivery wheel so that the delivery wheel can slide along the slide rails, a discharge port of the storage tank passes through a partition plate between the storage tank and the delivery tank and is disposed on the first casing, a delivery cylinder is disposed in the delivery wheel, the plunger piston extends into one end of the delivery cylinder, the other end of the delivery cylinder is disposed with a temporary storage tank, and a delivery outlet is provided on the first casing; and a spray nozzle connected to the delivery outlet via a spray channel, where the spray channel and the spray nozzle are provided on the first casing.
Further, the first transmission mechanism includes: a first motor disposed on the first casing; a first driving pulley, where the first motor produces output to the first driving pulley; and a first driven pulley connected to the first driving pulley via a belt, where the eccentric shaft and the first driven pulley are located at both sides of the main sidewall of the first casing respectively, and the first driven pulley produces output to the eccentric shaft via a key.
Further, a sealing gasket is disposed at a joint between the side cover and the first casing, and a seal ring is disposed at a part where the plunger piston contacts the delivery cylinder.
Further, the workbench position adjustment mechanism includes: a second transmission mechanism including a second motor, a second driving pulley and a second driven pulley, where the second motor produces output to the second driving pulley, and the second driving pulley is connected to the second driven pulley via a belt; a screw rod, where one end of the screw rod passes through the frame and is connected to the second driven pulley, the other end thereof passes through the workbench and is rotatably disposed on the frame, and the workbench can move along the screw rod during rotation of the screw rod; and a limit rod passing through the workbench and disposed on the frame, where the workbench can slide along the limit rod.
Further, the workbench includes: a second bottom support, where the screw rod and the limit rod pass through the second bottom support and are disposed on the frame, and the second bottom support is provided with an containing groove; a rotary motor disposed in the containing groove and producing output to a grinding wheel rotary seat; and the grinding wheel rotary seat disposed with a rotary portion which is disposed in the containing groove, where the rotary portion is located above the rotary motor and connected to the rotary motor via a shaft, and the grinding wheel base 1s disposed in a grinding wheel containing groove of the grinding wheel rotary seat.
The present disclosure further provides a cup-shaped grinding wheel preparation method based on the preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to any item in the foregoing description. The method includes the following steps: S10: abrasive loading: placing abrasives in the abrasive spreading device; S20: placement of the grinding wheel base: placing the grinding wheel base on the workbench and then moving the workbench below the laser sintering device; S30: abrasive spraying: starting the abrasive spreading device to spray abrasives onto the grinding wheel base; and S40: sintering: starting the laser sintering device to sinter the abrasives on the grinding wheel base in real time. Further, the eccentric shaft has a speed of 1000 to 2000 r/min, the grinding wheel rotary seat has a rotation speed of 0.1 to 5 r/min, and the workbench has a moving speed of 5 to 15 mm/s. Further, the abrasives contain abrasive grains and a metallic bond, and the size of the abrasive grains is 60 to 200 meshes. Further, the laser sintering device has a laser pulse frequency of 0.3 to 1 kHz, a power of 30 to 100 W, and a relative scanning speed of 1 to 5 mm/s. The foregoing technical solutions of the present disclosure have the following advantages compared to the prior art: (1) The preparation device and method of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order of the present disclosure can enable a temporary storage tank to implement fixed- quantity suction under a negative pressure and spraying under a positive pressure by means of the rotation of an eccentric shaft, and realizes orderly and regular arrangement of abrasives on the end surface of the grinding wheel base with the combination of a workbench position adjustment mechanism. At the same time, a laser sintering device is used to sinter the abrasives on the end surface of the grinding wheel base, thus rendering the arrangement of the abrasives precise and flexible and obtaining a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order. (2) The preparation device and method of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order of the present disclosure are applicable to preparation of cup-shaped grinding wheels with abrasives of various materials. The preparation device of the present disclosure has a simple structure and 1s easy to operate, thus improving the manufacture efficiency of a grinding apparatus.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The technical solutions and their advantageous effects will be obvious with reference to the accompanying drawings and by detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 1 1s a structural diagram of a preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order in an embodiment of the present disclosure; 5 FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an abrasive spreading device from which a side cover is removed in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 3 is a partial sectional structural diagram of a first casing of the abrasive spreading device in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 4 is a structural sectional diagram of the abrasive spreading device in a suction status (at an upper limit position 1) in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 5 is a structural sectional diagram of the abrasive spreading device in a spraying status (at a lower limit position 2) in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 6 is a partial sectional diagram of a delivery wheel in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 7 is a sectional diagram of a workbench in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a preparation method of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasives arranged in concentric circles in an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG. 10 is a structural diagram of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasives arranged in sectors on the circumference in an embodiment of the present disclosure; and FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasives arranged in a spiral in an embodiment of the present disclosure. Meanings of numerals:
1. Frame, 2. Workbench, 21. Second bottom support, 22. Rotary motor, 23. Grinding wheel rotary seat, 231. Rotary portion, 3. Abrasive spreading device, 31. First casing, 32. First bottom support,
33. Storage tank, 331. Discharge port, 341. First motor, 342. First driving pulley, 343. First driven pulley, 344. Eccentric shaft, 345. Plunger piston, 346. Delivery wheel, 347. Delivery cylinder, 348. Temporary storage tank, 349. Delivery outlet, 35. Partition plate, 36. Delivery tank, 37. Spray nozzle, 38. Spray channel, 39. Side cover, 4. Laser sintering device, 51. Second driving pulley, 52. Second driven pulley, 53. Screw rod, 54. Limit rod, 6. Grinding wheel base, 7. Material limit portion, 8. Seal ring
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Apparently, the described embodiments are some rather than all of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Based on the escribed embodiments of the present disclosure, other embodiments acquired by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
This embodiment provides a preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order, which, as shown in FIG. 1, includes a workbench 2, an abrasive spreading device 3, and a laser sintering device 4 that are disposed on a frame 1; and a workbench position adjustment mechanism.
A grinding wheel base 6 is placed on the workbench 2 for machining, and the abrasive spreading device 3 is used to spray abrasives onto the grinding wheel base 6. The laser sintering device 4 is used to sinter the abrasives spread on the grinding wheel base 6 in real time.
The workbench position adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the position of the workbench.
Generally, the grinding wheel base 6 has an inner diameter of 30 mm to 50 mm and an outer diameter of 100 mm to 150 mm.
As shown in FIGs. 2 to 5, the abrasive spreading device 3 includes a first casing 31, a suction and spray mechanism, a spray nozzle 37, and a side cover 39; and is disposed on the frame 1 via a first bottom support 32. The first casing 31 and the first bottom support 32 enclose the storage tank 33, and a slope of 45° to 60° is provided at the bottom of the storage tank 33 so that the abrasives in the storage tank 33 easily flows to a discharge port 331 under the effect of gravity.
The side cover 39 and the first casing 31 enclose a delivery tank 36. Arc-shaped slide rails are disposed at the bottom of the delivery tank 36, and sliding chutes are disposed on the delivery wheel 346 so that the delivery wheel can slide along the slide rails.
The side cover 39 is disposed on the first casing 31, and a sealing gasket is disposed at a joint between the side cover 39 and the first casing 31. The suction and spray mechanism includes a first transmission mechanism, an eccentric shaft 344, a plunger piston 345, and the delivery wheel 346. The first transmission mechanism produces output to the eccentric shaft 344, and the eccentric shaft 344 is connected to the plunger piston 345 via a hinge pin.
The eccentric shaft 344 is disposed on the first casing 31 via a bearing.
The discharge port 331 of the storage tank 33 passes through a partition plate 35 between the storage tank 33 and the delivery tank 36 and is disposed on the first casing 31. As shown in FIG. 6, a delivery cylinder 347 is disposed in the delivery wheel 346, the plunger piston 345 extends into one end of the delivery cylinder 347, and the other end of the delivery cylinder 347 1s disposed with a temporary storage tank 348. A delivery outlet 349 is provided on the first casing 31. The spray nozzle 37 is connected to the delivery outlet 349 via a spray channel 38, and the spray channel 38 and the spray nozzle 37 are provided on the first casing 31. The spray channel 38, the spray nozzle 37, the delivery outlet 349, and the discharge port 331 have a bore diameter of preferably
0.15 mm to 0.45mm. Driven by the first transmission mechanism, the eccentric shaft 344 drives the plunger piston 345 to make a swing motion. In the whole movement process, the delivery wheel 346 abuts against the side rails all the time. By setting an initial position of the plunger piston 345 and positions of the discharge port 331 and the delivery outlet 349, the plunger piston 345 reaches an upper limit position 1 when the temporary storage tank 348 moves to the discharge port 331, so that a negative pressure environment is formed in the delivery cylinder 347 in this case; and the plunger piston 345 reaches a lower limit position 2 when the temporary storage tank 348 moves to the delivery outlet 349, so that a positive pressure environment is formed in the delivery cylinder
347. When the temporary storage tank 348 moves to the discharge port 331, a negative pressure environment is formed in the delivery cylinder 347 during an upward movement of the plunger piston 345, and then the abrasives at the discharge port 331 are sucked into the temporary storage tank 348. As the eccentric shaft 344 continuously rotates, the plunger piston 345 moves downwards, and a positive pressure environment is formed in the delivery cylinder 347. When the temporary storage tank 348 moves to the delivery outlet 349, the abrasives in the temporary storage tank 348 are output to the spray nozzle 37 through the spray channel 38 under the effect of the positive pressure and are then sprayed onto the grinding wheel base 6. A distance from the spray nozzle 37 to the upper surface of the grinding wheel base 6 is about 5 mm, thus ensuring a spraying effect. In order that the negative pressure environment can be formed in the delivery cylinder 347, a seal ring 8 1s disposed at a part where the plunger piston 345 abuts against the delivery cylinder 347. A material limit portion 7 is disposed at a joint between the temporary storage tank 348 and the delivery cylinder 347. So the material quantity in each suction and spray operation can be controlled by controlling the shape of the material limit portion 7. The first transmission mechanism includes a first motor 341, a first driving pulley 342, and a first driven pulley 343. The first motor 341 is disposed on the first casing 31 and produces output to the first driving pulley 342, and the first driven pulley 343 is connected to the first driving pulley 342 via a belt. The eccentric shaft 344 and the first driven pulley 343 are located at both sides of the main sidewall of the first casing 31 respectively, and the first driven pulley 343 produces output to the eccentric shaft 344 via a key. The eccentric shaft 344 has a speed of preferably 1000 to 2000 r/min. The workbench position adjustment mechanism includes a second transmission mechanism 5, a screw rod 54, and a limit rod 55. The second transmission mechanism 5 includes a second motor, a second driving pulley 51 and a second driven pulley 52. The second motor is disposed on the frame and produces output to the second driving pulley 51, and the second driving pulley 51 is connected to the second driven pulley 52 via a belt. One end of the screw rod 54 passes through the frame 1 and is connected to the second driven pulley 52, and the other end of the screw rod 54 passes through the workbench 2 and is rotatably disposed on the frame 1. The workbench 2 can move along the screw rod 54 during rotation of the screw rod 54. The limit rod 55 passes through the workbench 2 and is disposed on the frame 1, and the workbench 2 can slide along the limit rod
55. The second motor enables axial movement of the workbench 2 along the screw rod 54 by means of positive and negative rotation. The limit rod 55 is used to limit the workbench 2 to ensure the slide stability of the workbench 2, thus preventing deflection of the workbench 2 during sliding to affect the preparation effect. The second motor controls the moving speed of the workbench 2 at 5 to 15 mm/s. The laser sintering device 4 has a laser pulse frequency of 0.3 to 1 kHz, a power of 30 to 100 W, and a relative scanning speed of 1 to 5 mm/s. The laser sintering device 4 includes a laser which is a YAG solid-state laser. A polarizer is disposed in the laser head of the laser, and a laser beam can perform scanning within a horizontal plane through the polarizer, to control a sintering range. As shown in FIG. 7, the workbench 2 includes a second bottom support 21, a rotary motor 22, and a grinding wheel rotary seat 23. The screw rod 53 and the limit rod 54 pass through the second bottom support 21 and are disposed on the frame 1, and the second bottom support 21 is provided with an containing groove. The rotary motor 22 is disposed in the containing groove, and produces output to the grinding wheel rotary seat 23. The grinding wheel rotary seat 23 is disposed with a rotary portion 231 which is disposed in the containing groove, and the rotary portion 231 is located above the rotary motor 22 and connected to the rotary motor 22 via a shaft. The grinding wheel base 6 is disposed in a grinding wheel containing groove on the grinding wheel rotary seat 23.
During preparation of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, the control system controls the first motor 341, the second motor, and the rotary motor 22 to cooperate with each other so as to control the spray shape on the surface of the grinding wheel base 6 while spraying, thus obtaining a preset spray shape.
In this way, a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in concentric circles, a spiral, sectors, or other orderly patterns can be easily manufactured.
Controlled by the rotary motor 22, the grinding wheel rotary seat 23 has a rotation speed of preferably 0.1 to 5 r/min.
The grinding wheel rotary seat 23 is connected to an output shaft of the rotary motor 22 via a thrust ball bearing, thus decreasing friction between parts and prolonging the service life of the apparatus.
As shown in FIG. 8, the present disclosure further provides a cup-shaped grinding wheel preparation method based on the foregoing preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order, which includes the following steps: S10: abrasive loading: placing abrasives in the abrasive spreading device 3; S20: placement of the grinding wheel base 6: placing the grinding wheel base 6 on the workbench 2 and then moving the workbench 2 below the laser sintering device 4; S30: abrasive spraying: starting the abrasive spreading device 3 to spray abrasives onto the grinding wheel base 6; and S40: sintering: starting the laser sintering device 4 to sinter the abrasives on the grinding wheel base 6 in real time.
The abrasives contain abrasive grains and a metallic bond, where the size of the abrasive grains is 60 to 200 meshes.
The preparation method of the present disclosure is described below by means of preparation of grinding wheels with three different abrasive arrangement manners.
Embodiment 1 S10: A cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains regularly arranged in concentric circles is used as a specific example, as shown in FIG. 9, where the base has an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 100 mm, and the grinding wheel has a grain size of 100 meshes (namely, the abrasive grains have a circumferential spacing of 0.255 mm and a radial spacing of 0.255 mm). Abrasives obtained by thoroughly mixing SiC abrasive grains and a bronze bond are added to the storage tank 33. When the abrasives are arranged in concentric circles: ne | 122%] and n eZ , (1) Then the working radius of the nth circle is: Ro+b(n—10) , (2)
The falling time interval of the abrasives is: on At = o (3) For calculation with an arc length, on a= ZZ [R3+b(n- D], (4)
During spraying in each circle, the grinding wheel base 6 is not translated but only rotated.
At the end of each circle, the grinding wheel base 6 is translated to start spraying in a new circle.
It can be known that, in an ideal situation, the time for the grinding wheel base 6 to complete translation is just the falling time interval A# of the abrasives.
Then:
_ bos Further, in each circle, the grinding wheel base 6 requires a suspension time for translation motion: r= 2[R, +b(n—1)] . 27 (6) a Wy According to: bw v=— on on the following formula can be obtained: w3 b —=- 8 wz Pp (8) For ease of control and stability in actual application, a, b, w2, R>, R; and p are taken as known parameters.
The following formula can be obtained according to the formulas (1), (4), and (8): _ aug WI = ARD DI 37 0p where: ne | 122%] and n EZ , (10) Moreover, every time a new circle 1s started, the grinding wheel base 6 requires a suspension time for translation motion: 2 _ p = RAD nl (11) aug where a is the circumferential spacing of the abrasive grains, b is the radial spacing (namely, the pitch of a spiral) of the abrasive grains, w; is an angular velocity of autorotation of the base, w: is an angular rotation velocity of an eccentric shaft, vis a translation speed of the base, # is the number of arrangement circles of the abrasive grains, R; is the radius of an inner hole of the grinding wheel, R; is the radius of an outer circle of the grinding wheel, p is the pitch of a leadscrew, ws 1s an angular velocity of the leadscrew, and c is the number of equal divisions of the circumference into sectors. S20: The workbench 2 is moved to the left side of the laser sintering device 4, and the grinding wheel base 6 is placed. After a power source is turned on, the second transmission mechanism drives the screw rod 35 to move, so that the workbench 2 is moved below the laser sintering device 4 and the edge of an inner cylindrical surface of the grinding wheel base 6 is moved right below the spray nozzle 37. S30: Abrasive spraying: When the grinding wheel base 6 is put in place, the abrasives have gathered near the discharge port 331 under the effect of gravity in this case. The first transmission mechanism drives the eccentric shaft 344 to rotate clockwise (from right view) at 1440 r/min. In each revolution of the eccentric shaft 344, when the delivery wheel 346 arrives at the discharge port 331, the plunger piston 345 reaches one of its limit positions, and a negative pressure is formed in the delivery cylinder 347 of the delivery wheel 346, to suck the abrasives. When the delivery wheel 346 arrives at the delivery outlet 349, the plunger piston 345 reaches another limit position, and then the abrasives are sprayed out from the spray nozzle 37 due to a positive pressure. By means of suction under the negative pressure and conveyance under the positive pressure in the foregoing manner, a fixed quantity of abrasives, about 0.01mm°, are obtained each time under the effect of the material limit portion 7; and are sprayed out from the spray nozzle 37 at a time interval of 0.04 seconds. Meanwhile, the grinding wheel base 6 rotates slowly counterclockwise (from top view) at about 0.408 r/min, and first-round arrangement of the abrasives is completed after about
2.45 min. The workbench 2 translates towards the axial direction of the limit rod 54 at 6.12 mm/s for 0.04s, so that the spray nozzle 37 is targeted at a starting point of the second circle. The grinding wheel base 6 rotates slowly counterclockwise (from top view) at about 0.407 r/min, and second-round arrangement of the abrasives is completed after about 2.46 min. The rest can be done in the same manner, where various motion parameters can be calculated by using formulas (9), (10), and (11). S40: Sintering: While the abrasive grains are arranged in order, a laser beam emitted from the laser sintering device 4 makes horizontal scanning after passing through the polarizer, to sinter the arranged abrasives in real time. After the sintering of the abrasive grains in the first layer is completed, sintering of the second layer may be performed or the workbench 2 can be moved to the right side of the laser sintering device 4 to take off the grinding wheel, thus completing preparation.
Embodiment 2 S10: A cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in sectors on the circumference is used as a specific example, as shown in FIG. 10, where the base has an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 100 mm; the grinding wheel has a grain size of 100 meshes (namely, the abrasive grains have a circumferential spacing of 0.255 mm and a radial spacing of 0.255 mm); and the number of equal divisions of the circumference into sectors is 6. Abrasives obtained by thoroughly mixing SiC abrasive grains and a bronze bond are added to the storage tank 33.
When the abrasives are arranged in sectors on the circumference: The mechanism of this embodiment realizes absence of the abrasives in some regions by means of rapid rotation of the grinding wheel base within a specific time. In an ideal situation, the grinding wheel base rotates at = radians within a falling time interval of the abrasives.
Then, in a rapid rotation phase: Other motion parameters are identical with those when the abrasives are arranged in concentric circles.
S20: The workbench 2 is moved to the left side of the laser sintering device 4, and the grinding wheel base 6 is placed. After a power source is turned on, the second transmission mechanism drives the screw rod 35 to move, so that the workbench 2 is moved below the laser sintering device 4 and the edge of an inner cylindrical surface of the grinding wheel base 6 is moved right below the spray nozzle 37.
S30: Abrasive spraying: When the grinding wheel base 6 is put in place, the abrasives have gathered near the discharge port 331 under the effect of gravity in this case. The first transmission mechanism drives the eccentric shaft 344 to rotate clockwise (from right view) at 1440 r/min. In each revolution of the eccentric shaft 344, when the delivery wheel 346 arrives at the discharge port 331, the plunger piston 345 reaches one of its limit positions, and a negative pressure is formed in the delivery cylinder 347 of the delivery wheel 346, to suck the abrasives. When the delivery wheel 346 arrives at the delivery outlet 349, the plunger piston 345 reaches another limit position, and then the abrasives are sprayed out from the spray nozzle 37 due to a positive pressure. By means of suction under the negative pressure and conveyance under the positive pressure in the foregoing manner, a fixed quantity of abrasives, about 0.01mm°, are obtained each time under the effect of the material limit portion 7; and are sprayed out from the spray nozzle 37 at a time interval of 0.04 seconds. Meanwhile, the grinding wheel base 6 rotates slowly counterclockwise (from top view) at about 0.408 r/min, and after 18.4s, rotates counterclockwise (from top view) at 180 r/min for 0.04s, so that the spray nozzle 37 reaches a starting point of the next arc segment. Then after
18.4s, the grinding wheel base 6 again rotates counterclockwise (from top view) at 180 r/min for
0.04s. The foregoing operation is repeated twice to complete first-round arrangement of the abrasives. The workbench 2 translates towards the axial direction of the limit rod 54 at 6.12 mm/s for 0.04s, so that the spray nozzle 37 is targeted at a starting point of the second circle. The grinding wheel base 6 rotates slowly counterclockwise (from top view) at about 0.407 r/min, and after about
18.5s, rotates counterclockwise (from top view) at 180 r/min for 0.04s, so that the spray nozzle 37 reaches a starting point of the next arc segment. The foregoing operation is repeated three times to complete second-round arrangement of the abrasives. The rest can be done in the same manner, where various motion parameters can be calculated by using formulas (9), (10), (11) and (12). S40: Sintering: While the abrasive grains are arranged in order, a laser beam emitted from the laser sintering device 4 makes horizontal scanning after passing through the polarizer, to sinter the arranged abrasives in real time. After the sintering of the abrasive grains in the first layer is completed, sintering of the second layer may be performed or the workbench 2 can be moved to the right side of the laser sintering device 4 to take off the grinding wheel, thus completing preparation. Embodiment 3 S10: A cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in a spiral is used as a specific example, as shown in FIG. 11, where the base has an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 100 mm, and the grinding wheel has a grain size of 100 meshes (namely, the abrasive grains have a circumferential spacing of 0.255 mm and a radial spacing of 0.255 mm). Abrasives obtained by thoroughly mixing SiC abrasive grains and a bronze bond are added to the storage tank 33. When the abrasives are arranged in a spiral:
all motions are continuous, without sudden change in speed. A polar formula of the arranged spiral 1s obtained as follows based on the law of motion: fo 09 In order that the abrasive grains are spaced at roughly equal intervals, the eccentric shaft requires accelerated rotation. At two set time points 7" and 7+Af, a distance between two abrasive piles is calculated. Because At 1s small, this distance is regarded as an arc segment with the phase diameter at 7" as the radius. Then: a=wo,(T+At—T)(R3+wvT) , (14) Further, according to: [i ve? (15) y = mes the following formula can be obtained: 5-5 09 By substituting the formulas (16) and (3) into the formula (14) and setting ws to a known parameter, the following result can be calculated: , = TERN OS Toles (17) where 7 1s the machining starting time.
To sum up, the base rotation speed when the abrasives are arranged in a spiral is as follows: wi=" (18) The eccentric shaft makes accelerated rotation according to the rule of the formula (17).
S20: The workbench 2 is moved to the left side of the laser sintering device 4, and the grinding wheel base 6 is placed. After a power source is turned on, the second transmission mechanism drives the screw rod 35 to move, so that the workbench 2 is moved below the laser sintering device 4 and the edge of an inner cylindrical surface of the grinding wheel base 6 is moved right below the spray nozzle 37.
S30: Abrasive spraying: When the grinding wheel base 6 is put in place, the abrasives have gathered near the discharge port 331 under the effect of gravity in this case. The workbench 2 moves towards the positive direction X at 0.1 mm/s, and the grinding wheel base 6 rotates counterclockwise (from top view) at a uniform speed of 23.53 r/min. The first transmission mechanism drives the eccentric shaft 344 to rotate clockwise (from right view) at an initial speed of 1821.4 r/min, and operates according to the functional relationship: w2=587+1821.4 (r/min) (T(min)), determined in the formula (17). In each revolution of the eccentric shaft 344, when the delivery wheel 346 arrives at the discharge port 331, the plunger piston 345 reaches one of its limit positions, and a negative pressure is formed in the delivery cylinder 347 of the delivery wheel 346, to suck the abrasives. When the delivery wheel 346 arrives at the delivery outlet 349, the plunger piston 345 reaches another limit position, and then the abrasives are sprayed out from the spray nozzle 37 due to a positive pressure. By means of suction under the negative pressure and conveyance under the positive pressure in the foregoing manner, a fixed quantity of abrasives, about 0.01mm°, are obtained each time under the effect of the material limit portion 7; and are sprayed out from the discharge port 331 at a time interval determined by the formula (3). The device operates according to the foregoing law of motion till the arrangement of the abrasive grains is completed.
S40: Sintering: While the abrasive grains are arranged in order, a laser beam emitted from the laser sintering device 4 makes scanning in X-axis and Y-axis directions after passing through the polarizer, to sinter the arranged abrasives in real time. After the sintering of the abrasive grains in the first layer is completed, sintering of the second layer may be performed or the workbench 2 can be moved to the right side of the laser sintering device 4 to take off the grinding wheel, thus completing preparation.
The above merely describes exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and accompanying drawings of the present disclosure, or those directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are similarly included in the patent protection scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order, comprising; a frame; a workbench disposed on the frame, wherein a position of the workbench on the frame is adjusted by using a workbench position adjustment mechanism, and a grinding wheel base is placed on the workbench for machining; an abrasive spreading device disposed on the frame and used to spray abrasives onto the grinding wheel base; and a laser sintering device disposed on the frame and used to sinter the abrasives spread on the grinding wheel base in real time.
2. The preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to claim 1, wherein the abrasive spreading device comprises: a first casing disposed on the frame via a first bottom support, wherein the first casing and the first bottom support enclose a storage tank; a side cover disposed on the first casing; a suction and spray mechanism comprising a first transmission mechanism, an eccentric shaft, a plunger piston, and a delivery wheel, wherein the first transmission mechanism produces output to the eccentric shaft, the eccentric shaft is connected to the plunger piston via a hinge pin, and the eccentric shaft is disposed on the first casing via a bearing; the first casing and the first bottom support enclose the storage tank, and the side cover and the first casing enclose a delivery tank; arc-shaped slide rails are disposed at the bottom of the delivery tank, and sliding chutes are disposed on the delivery wheel so that the delivery wheel is able to slide along the slide rails; a discharge port of the storage tank passes through a partition plate between the storage tank and the delivery tank and is disposed on the first casing; a delivery cylinder is disposed in the delivery wheel; the plunger piston extends into one end of the delivery cylinder, and the other end of the delivery cylinder is disposed with a temporary storage tank; and a delivery outlet is provided on the first casing; and a spray nozzle connected to the delivery outlet via a spray channel, wherein the spray channel and the spray nozzle are provided on the first casing.
3. The preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to claim 2, wherein the first transmission mechanism comprises: a first motor disposed on the first casing; a first driving pulley, wherein the first motor produces output to the first driving pulley; and a first driven pulley connected to the first driving pulley via a belt, wherein the eccentric shaft and the first driven pulley are located at both sides of the main sidewall of the first casing respectively, and the first driven pulley produces output to the eccentric shaft via a key.
4. The preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to claim 2, wherein a sealing gasket is disposed at a joint between the side cover and the first casing, and a seal ring is disposed at a part where the plunger piston contacts the delivery cylinder.
5. The preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to claim 1, wherein the workbench position adjustment mechanism comprises: a second transmission mechanism comprising a second motor, a second driving pulley and a second driven pulley, wherein the second motor produces output to the second driving pulley, and the second driving pulley is connected to the second driven pulley via a belt; a screw rod, wherein one end of the screw rod passes through the frame and is connected to the second driven pulley, and the other end thereof passes through the workbench and is rotatably disposed on the frame; and the workbench is able to move along the screw rod during rotation of the screw rod; and a limit rod passing through the workbench and disposed on the frame, wherein the workbench is able to slide along the limit rod.
6. The preparation device of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to claim 5, wherein the workbench comprises:
a second bottom support, wherein the screw rod and the limit rod pass through the second bottom support and are disposed on the frame, and the second bottom support is provided with an containing groove; a rotary motor disposed in the containing groove and producing output to a grinding wheel rotary seat; and the grinding wheel rotary seat disposed with a rotary portion which is disposed in the containing groove, wherein the rotary portion is located above the rotary motor and connected to the rotary motor via a shaft; and the grinding wheel base is disposed in a grinding wheel containing groove of the grinding wheel rotary seat.
7. A cup-shaped grinding wheel preparation method based on the preparation device of a cup- shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: S10: abrasive loading: placing abrasives in the abrasive spreading device; S20: placement of the grinding wheel base: placing the grinding wheel base on the workbench and then moving the workbench below the laser sintering device; S30: abrasive spraying: starting the abrasive spreading device to spray abrasives onto the grinding wheel base; and S40: sintering: starting the laser sintering device to sinter the abrasives on the grinding wheel base in real time.
8. The preparation method of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to claim 7, wherein the eccentric shaft has a speed of 1000 to 2000 r/min, the grinding wheel rotary seat has a rotation speed of 0.1 to 5 r/min, and the workbench has a moving speed of 5 to 15 mm/s.
9. The preparation method of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to claim 7, wherein the abrasives contain abrasive grains and a metallic bond, and the size of the abrasive grains is 60 to 200 meshes.
10. The preparation method of a cup-shaped grinding wheel with abrasive grains arranged in order according to claim 7, wherein the laser sintering device has a laser pulse frequency of 0.3 to 1 kHz, a power of 30 to 100 W, and a relative scanning speed of 1 to 5 mm/s.
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| CN202010965035.4A CN111993298A (en) | 2020-09-15 | 2020-09-15 | Preparation device and preparation method of cup-shaped grinding wheel with orderly-arranged abrasive particles |
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| LU (1) | LU500537B1 (en) |
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| CN111993298A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-27 | 南通大学 | Preparation device and preparation method of cup-shaped grinding wheel with orderly-arranged abrasive particles |
| CN113927495B (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2023-02-28 | 山东大学 | Preparation process of self-sharpening metal binding agent diamond abrasive layer |
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| JPH10296638A (en) * | 1997-04-24 | 1998-11-10 | Osaka Diamond Ind Co Ltd | Super hard abrasive grain resin bond grinding wheel and manufacture thereof |
| CN201493772U (en) * | 2009-09-15 | 2010-06-02 | 青岛理工大学 | Grinding wheel manufacturing device with optimized abrasive particle arrangement and accurate and controllable protrusion |
| CN105856088B (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2019-01-25 | 华侨大学 | A kind of preparation facilities and its method of abrasive grain three-dimensional controllable arrangement grinding tool |
| CN111993298A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2020-11-27 | 南通大学 | Preparation device and preparation method of cup-shaped grinding wheel with orderly-arranged abrasive particles |
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