TWI591786B - Semiconductor device - Google Patents

Semiconductor device Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI591786B
TWI591786B TW104144346A TW104144346A TWI591786B TW I591786 B TWI591786 B TW I591786B TW 104144346 A TW104144346 A TW 104144346A TW 104144346 A TW104144346 A TW 104144346A TW I591786 B TWI591786 B TW I591786B
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TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
input
bump electrode
semiconductor wafer
bump electrodes
long side
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Application number
TW104144346A
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English (en)
Other versions
TW201616628A (zh
Inventor
Shinya Suzuki
Kiichi Makuta
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Renesas Electronics Corp
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Publication of TW201616628A publication Critical patent/TW201616628A/zh
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Publication of TWI591786B publication Critical patent/TWI591786B/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/67Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
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    • H01L24/10Bump connectors ; Manufacturing methods related thereto
    • H01L24/15Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process
    • H01L24/17Structure, shape, material or disposition of the bump connectors after the connecting process of a plurality of bump connectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/13306Circuit arrangements or driving methods for the control of single liquid crystal cells
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1345Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
    • G02F1/13452Conductors connecting driver circuitry and terminals of panels
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Description

半導體裝置
本發明涉及一種半導體裝置,特別涉及一種適用於LCD(Liquid Crystal Display:液晶顯示裝置)用驅動器所使用之半導體裝置有效之技術。
於日本特開2006-210607號公報(專利文獻1)中記載了可縮小晶片尺寸之技術。具體內容為將緩衝器集中配置於與各個墊片保持有一定距離之區域。該區域係主區域中除了中央處理器、非易失性記憶體以及易失性記憶體之形成區域以外之區域。由於需要寬大面積之緩衝器未被設置於墊片周邊部,所以能夠縮小墊片間間隔以及墊片和內部電路(例如中央處理)間間隔。由此可縮小晶片尺寸。
於日本特開2007~103848號公報(專利文獻2)中記載有可縮小半導體晶片尺寸之技術。具體地說就是,首先,於絕緣膜上形成墊片及墊片以外之佈線。再於包括該墊片和佈線上之絕緣膜上形成表面保護膜,並於表面保護膜設置開口部。於墊片上形成開口部,並使墊片之表面露出。於包括該開口部之表面保護膜上形成凸塊電極。從結構來說,為墊片之大小充分地小於凸塊電極之結構。由此將佈線配置於與墊片在同一層之凸塊電極之正下方。即,將佈線配置於通過縮小墊片而形成之凸塊電極下之空間內。
專利文獻1:日本特開2006-210607號公報
專利文獻2:日本特開2007-103848號公報
近年來,將液晶用於顯示元件而構成之LCD正飛速普及。上述LCD由用於驅動LCD之驅動器控制。LCD驅動器由半導體晶片構成,如安裝於玻璃基板上。構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片具有於半導體基板上形成複數之電晶體和多層佈線之結構,並於表面形成有凸塊電極。通過形成於表面之凸塊電極將半導體晶片安裝於玻璃基板上。
構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片呈具有短邊和長邊之矩形形狀,複數之凸塊電極沿半導體晶片之長邊方向配置。例如,於一對長邊中之第一長邊上,沿第一長邊呈直線狀配置輸入用凸塊電極;於與第一長邊相對向之第二長邊上,沿第二長邊呈交錯狀配置輸出用凸塊電極。 即,具有以下特徵:於構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片中,輸出用凸塊電極之數量較輸入用凸塊電極之數量多。這是由於輸入用凸塊電極主要用於輸入串列資料,而輸出用凸塊電極主要用於輸出已被LCD驅動器轉換之並行資料的緣故。
隨著半導體元件之細微化,構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片之小型化也在不斷深入。但是,於構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片中,長邊方向之長度受凸塊電極數量之影響很大。即,於液晶顯示裝置中,由於LCD驅動器之輸出用凸塊電極數量大致已經定好而無法再減少,所以縮短構成LCD驅動器半導體晶片之長邊長度日趨困難。換言之,於構成LCD驅動器半導體晶片之長邊需要形成一定數量之輸出用凸塊電極,而且,凸塊電極間之距離也已被縮小到再也不能縮小之程度。因此,已經很難再將半導體晶片之長邊方向縮小了。
本發明之目的在於:縮小半導體晶片之晶片尺寸。
本發明上述內容及上述內容以外之目的和新特徵於本說明書之描述及附圖說明中寫明。
下面簡要說明關於本專利申請書中所公開之發明中具有代表性之實施方式之概要。
具有代表性實施方式中之半導體裝置,包括具有一對短邊和一對長邊之矩形形狀之半導體晶片。上述半導體晶片具有:(a)複數之第一凸塊電極,其沿上述半導體晶片之第一長邊配置,且配置在相較於與上述第一長邊相對向之第二長邊,靠近上述第一長邊側之位置上;(b)形成於上述半導體晶片上之內部電路;及(c)複數之第一靜電保護電路,其保護上述內部電路免遭靜電破壞,且與上述複數之第一凸塊電極電性連接。此時,與上述複數之第一凸塊電極中之一部分第一凸塊電極電性連接之上述複數之第一靜電保護電路中之一部分第一靜電保護電路係配置於與上述一部分第一凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置;與上述複數之第一凸塊電極中之其他第一凸塊電極電性連接之上述複數之第一靜電保護電路中之其他第一靜電保護電路係配置於與上述其他第一凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置的相異位置上。
具有代表性實施方式中之半導體裝置,包括具有一對短邊和一對長邊之矩形形狀之半導體晶片。上述半導體晶片具有:(a)複數之第一凸塊電極,其沿上述半導體晶片之第一長邊配置,且配置在相較於與上述第一長邊相對向之第二長邊,靠近上述第一長邊側之位置上;(b)形成於上述半導體晶片上之內部電路;及(c)複數之第一靜電保護電路,上述複數之第一靜電保護電路保護上述內部電路免遭靜電破壞,且與上述複數之第一凸塊電極電性連接。此時,上述複數之第一靜電保護電路配置在與上述複數之第一凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置的相異位置上。
具有代表性實施方式中之半導體裝置,包括具有第一短邊、與上述第一短邊相對向之第二短邊、第一長邊以及與上述第一長邊相對 向之第二長邊之矩形形狀之半導體晶片。上述半導體晶片具有:(a)第一凸塊電極和第二凸塊電極,其等沿上述半導體晶片之上述第一長邊配置,且配置於相較於上述第二長邊,靠近上述第一長邊側之位置上;(b)經由絕緣膜配置於與上述第一凸塊電極和上述第二凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置上之最上層佈線;(c)為了與上述第一凸塊電極連接而於上述絕緣膜形成之第一開口部;(d)為了與上述第二凸塊電極連接而於上述絕緣膜形成之第二開口部。此時,於沿著上述第一短邊或上述第二短邊之方向上,相對於上述第一凸塊電極之上述第一開口部之形成位置和相對於上述第二凸塊電極之上述第二開口部之形成位置不同。
具有代表性實施方式中之半導體裝置,包括具有一對短邊和一對長邊之矩形形狀之半導體晶片。上述半導體晶片具有:(a)第一凸塊電極和第二凸塊電極,其等沿上述半導體晶片之第一長邊配置,且配置在相較於與上述第一長邊相對向之第二長邊,靠近上述第一長邊側之位置上;(b)經由絕緣膜配置於與上述第一凸塊電極和上述第二凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置上之最上層佈線;(c)為了與上述第一凸塊電極連接而形成於上述絕緣膜之第一開口部;(d)為了與上述第一凸塊電極連接而形成於上述絕緣膜之第二開口部。此時,上述最上層佈線包括第一最上層佈線和第二最上層佈線,上述第一最上層佈線經由上述第一開口部與上述第一凸塊電極連接;上述第二最上層佈線經由上述第二開口部與上述第一凸塊電極連接,並且與上述第一最上層佈線不同;上述第一開口部和上述第二開口部以在上述第一凸塊電極之不同位置連接之方式而形成。
具有代表性實施方式中之半導體裝置,包括具有第一短邊、與上述第一短邊相對向之第二短邊、第一長邊以及與上述第一長邊相對向之第二長邊之矩形形狀之半導體晶片。上述半導體晶片具有:(a) 第一凸塊電極,其沿上述半導體晶片之上述第一長邊配置,且配置在相較於與上述第一長邊相對向之上述第二長邊,靠近上述第一長邊側之位置上;(b)形成於上述半導體晶片上之內部電路;(c)保護上述內部電路免遭靜電破壞,且與上述第一凸塊電極電性連接之第一靜電保護電路。此時,上述內部電路配置於與上述第一凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置上;上述第一靜電保護電路配置於與上述第一凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置的相異位置上上。
具有代表性實施方式中之半導體裝置,包括矩形形狀之半導體晶片,上述矩形形狀之半導體晶片具有第一短邊、與上述第一短邊相對向之第二短邊、第一長邊以及與上述第一長邊相對向之第二長邊。上述半導體晶片具有:(a)第一凸塊電極,上述第一凸塊電極沿上述半導體晶片之上述第一長邊配置,且配置在相較於與上述第一長邊相對向之上述第二長邊,靠近上述第一長邊側之位置上;(b)形成於上述半導體晶片上之內部電路;(c)保護上述內部電路免遭靜電破壞,且與上述第一凸塊電極電性連接之第一靜電保護電路。此時,上述第一靜電保護電路配置於與上述第一凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置的相異位置上;於與上述第一凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置上有複數之佈線通過。
下面簡要說明關於本專利申請書中所公開之發明中根據具有代表性實施方式所得到之效果。
可縮小半導體晶片之晶片尺寸。
1‧‧‧控制部
1S‧‧‧半導體基板
2a‧‧‧SRAM
2b‧‧‧SRAM
2c‧‧‧SRAM
3‧‧‧輸入保護電路
3a‧‧‧輸入保護電路
3b‧‧‧輸入保護電路
3c‧‧‧輸入保護電路
3A‧‧‧輸入保護電路
3B‧‧‧輸入保護電路
4‧‧‧輸出保護電路
10‧‧‧玻璃基板
10a‧‧‧電極
11‧‧‧玻璃基板
12‧‧‧絕緣層
13‧‧‧金屬粒子
14‧‧‧顯示部
15‧‧‧液晶顯示裝置
A‧‧‧端子
ACF‧‧‧各向異性導電薄膜
a‧‧‧長度
b‧‧‧長度
C‧‧‧相機
CHP1‧‧‧半導體晶片
CHP2‧‧‧半導體晶片
CIL‧‧‧接觸層間絕緣膜
CNT1‧‧‧開口部
CNT1a‧‧‧開口部
CNT1b‧‧‧開口部
CNT2‧‧‧開口部
CNT2a‧‧‧開口部
CNT2b‧‧‧開口部
CNT3‧‧‧開口部
CNT3a‧‧‧開口部
CNT3b‧‧‧開口部
CNT4a‧‧‧開口部
CNT4b‧‧‧開口部
CNT5‧‧‧開口部
CNT6‧‧‧開口部
CNT7‧‧‧開口部
CS‧‧‧矽化鈷膜
D1‧‧‧二極體
D2‧‧‧二極體
DP‧‧‧虛設圖案
EX1‧‧‧淺n型雜質擴散區域
EX2‧‧‧淺p型雜質擴散區域
FPC‧‧‧柔性印刷基板
G1‧‧‧閘電極
G2‧‧‧閘電極
GOX‧‧‧閘極絕緣膜
IBMP‧‧‧輸入用凸塊電極
IBMP1‧‧‧輸入用凸塊電極
IBMP2‧‧‧輸入用凸塊電極
IBMP3‧‧‧輸入用凸塊電極
IBMP4‧‧‧輸入用凸塊電極
IBMP5‧‧‧輸入用凸塊電極
IL1‧‧‧層間絕緣膜
IL2‧‧‧層間絕緣膜
IL3‧‧‧層間絕緣膜
IL4‧‧‧層間絕緣膜
IL5‧‧‧層間絕緣膜
IU‧‧‧內部電路
L1‧‧‧第一層佈線
L2‧‧‧第二層佈線
L3‧‧‧第三層佈線
L4‧‧‧第四層佈線
LS1‧‧‧長邊
LS2‧‧‧長邊
NR‧‧‧深n型雜質擴散區域
NWL‧‧‧n型阱
OBMP‧‧‧輸出用凸塊電極
OBMP1‧‧‧輸出用凸塊電極
OBMP2‧‧‧輸出用凸塊電極
PF‧‧‧多晶矽膜
PLG1‧‧‧柱塞
PLG2‧‧‧柱塞
PLG3‧‧‧柱塞
PLG4‧‧‧柱塞
PLG5‧‧‧柱塞
PR‧‧‧深p型雜質擴散區域
PWL‧‧‧p型阱
Q1‧‧‧n溝道型MISFET
Q2‧‧‧p溝道型MISFET
SS1‧‧‧短邊
SS2‧‧‧短邊
STI‧‧‧元件分離區域
SW‧‧‧側壁
TM1‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM1a‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM1b‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM2‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM2a‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM2b‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM3‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM3a‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM3b‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM4‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM5‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM6‧‧‧最上層佈線
TM7‧‧‧最上層佈線(Vss)
TM8‧‧‧最上層佈線(Vcc)
Tr1‧‧‧n溝道型MISFET
Tr2‧‧‧p溝道型MISFET
Vdd‧‧‧電源電位
Vss‧‧‧接地電位
Y1‧‧‧距離
Y2‧‧‧距離
圖1係構成一般LCD驅動器之半導體晶片之構成圖;圖2係輸入保護電路之一例之電路框圖;圖3係輸入保護電路另一例之電路框圖; 圖4係本發明實施方式1中構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片之構成圖;圖5係將構成一般LCD驅動器之半導體晶片長邊附近區域放大後之圖;圖6係將實施方式1中LCD驅動器即半導體晶片之輸入用凸塊電極一側之長邊附近區域放大後之圖;圖7係實施方式2中構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片之構成圖;圖8係說明實施方式3中第一改進點之圖;圖9係說明實施方式3中第二改進點之圖;圖10係說明實施方式3中第三改進點之圖;圖11係採用了實施方式3中第一到第三改進點之佈線配置方案例之圖;圖12係實施方式4中構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片之放大圖;圖13係實施方式5中一個輸入用凸塊電極之圖;圖14係沿圖13之A~A線剖開之剖面圖;圖15係實施方式5中一個輸入用凸塊電極之圖;圖16係沿圖15之A~A線剖開之剖面圖;圖17係實施方式6之半導體裝置製造製程之剖面圖;圖18係接著圖17所示之半導體裝置製造製程之剖面圖;圖19係接著圖18所示之半導體裝置製造製程之剖面圖;圖20係接著圖19所示之半導體裝置製造製程之剖面圖;圖21係LCD器件(液晶顯示裝置)之整體構成之圖;圖22係將實施方式7中LCD驅動器即半導體晶片之輸出用凸塊電極一側之長邊附近區域放大後之圖;及圖23係實施方式8之剖面圖,即沿圖13之A~A線剖開之剖面圖。
於以下實施方式中,為了便於敍述,於必要時有時將本專利申請書中之實施方式分幾個部分進行說明,除了需要特別說明的以外,這些都不是彼此獨立且無關係的,而係與單一例子中之各部分或者其他部分詳細內容及一部分或全部之變形例等相互關聯的。
此外,於以下實施方式中提及要素數等(包括個數、數值、量、範圍等)時,除了特別說明及原理上已經明確限定了特定之數量等除外,上述之特定數並非指固定之數量,而是可大於等於該特定數或可小於等於該特定數。
而且,於以下實施方式中,除了特別說明及原理上已經明確了是必要時除外,上述構成要素(包括要素步驟等)也並非是必須之要素。同樣地,於以下實施方式中提及之構成要素等形狀、位置關係等時,除了特別說明時及原理上已經明確了並非如此時,實質上包括與前述形狀等相近或者類似的。同理,前述之數值及範圍也同樣包括與其相近的。
為了說明實施方式之所有圖中,原則上對具有同一構件採用同一符號,並省略掉重複說明。另外,為了使圖面簡單易懂,有時會給平面圖加上剖面線。
(實施方式1)
如上上述,在如何縮小LCD驅動器方面,正在深入探討半導體晶片之小型化,特別是推進如何縮小半導體晶片之短邊方向方面之研究開發。
首先,對一般LCD驅動器之外觀結構進行說明。圖1係構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP1表面之平面圖。圖1中,半導體晶片CHP1具有例如呈細長之長方形(矩形形狀)形狀之半導體基板,於半導體晶片CHP1之主面上形成驅動如液晶顯示裝置等顯示裝置之LCD驅動器。
半導體晶片CHP1呈具有一對短邊(短邊SS1和短邊SS2)和一對長邊(長邊LS1和長邊LS2)之長方形形狀。複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP沿一對長邊中之一條長邊LS1(圖1中之下側邊)配置,上述複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP配置於一條直線上。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP具有連接於由形成於半導體晶片CHP內部之半導體元件以及佈線構成之積體電路(LSI:Large Scale Integration)上的外部連接端子之功能。特別是,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP係輸入數位信號用或者輸入類比信號用之凸塊電極。
接著,複數個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP沿一對長邊中之另一條長邊LS2(圖1中之上側邊)配置。上述複數個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP沿著長邊LS2配置成兩列,沿著長邊LS2之兩列輸出用凸塊電極OBMP呈交錯狀配置。由此便可高密度地配置輸出用凸塊電極OBMP。上述輸出用凸塊電極OBMP也具有將形成於半導體基板內部之積體電路和外部進行連接之外部連接端子之功能。尤其是,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP係來自積體電路之輸出信號用凸塊電極。
如上上述,於構成半導體晶片CHP1外周之一對長邊LS1和長邊LS2上,配置有輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP。此時,由於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量較輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量多,所以輸入用凸塊電極IBMP沿長邊LS1形成為一條直線,而輸出用凸塊電極OBMP沿長邊LS2呈交錯狀配置。這是由於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP係向LCD驅動器輸入之輸入信號用凸塊電極,而輸出用凸塊電極OBMP係從LCD驅動器輸出之輸出信號用凸塊電極的緣故。即,因為輸入LCD驅動器之輸入信號係串列信號,所以作為外部連接端子之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量不會很多。與此相反,因為從LCD驅動器輸出之輸出信號係並行信號,所以作為外部連接端子之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量也將增多。即,由於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP係對 於構成液晶顯示元件之各個單元(圖元)而設,所以需要數量相當於對驅動單元之行列線(例如閘極線、源極線)之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量。因此,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量就較輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量多。其結果,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP可沿長邊LS1呈直線狀配置,而輸出用凸塊電極OBMP係以沿長邊LS2呈交錯狀配置以增加配置數量。
此外,圖1中,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP分別沿著構成半導體晶片CHP1之一對長邊LS1和長邊LS2配置。但是,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP除了可沿一對長邊LS1和長邊LS2配置外,還可沿一對短邊SS1和SS2配置。
半導體晶片CHP1之外觀結構如上上述。下面,對由形成於半導體晶片CHP1之積體電路而實現的LCD驅動器功能進行說明。圖1還表示了具有LCD驅動器功能之功能塊。圖1中,半導體晶片CHP1具有控制部1、作為記憶體電路之SRAM(Static Random Access Memory)2a、SRAM 2b、輸入保護電路(靜電保護電路)3以及輸出保護電路(靜電保護電路)4等。控制部1例如具有LCD控制部和類比部之結構;SRAM 2a和SRAM 2b例如為具有SRAM之存儲單元(記憶元件)呈行列狀配置之存儲單元陣列、驅動存儲單元陣列之SRAM控制部及字線驅動器等之結構。輸入保護電路3以及輸出保護電路4例如為輸入電路、輸出電路或者輸入/輸出電路即I/O電路之一部分。
I/O電路具有對輸入半導體晶片CHP1之資料或者從半導體晶片CHP1輸出之資料進行處理之功能,SRAM 2a、2b係存儲資料之存儲電路之一例。SRAM 2a、2b之結構為:存儲資料之存儲單元呈陣列狀配置,且存儲液晶顯示裝置所表示之圖像資料等。字線驅動器具有對呈陣列(行列)狀配置之SRAM 2a、2b的行進行選擇之功能。SRAM控制部,具有控制向SRAM 2a、2b寫入資料,或是從SRAM 2a、2b讀出 資料之功能。即,SRAM控制部由用於控制向SRAM 2a、2b寫入資料或從SRAM 2a、2b讀出資料等的位址解碼器、讀/寫控制電路等構成。
LCD控制部具有以下功能:生成存取信號以與安裝於LCD驅動器(半導體晶片CHP1)外部之微型電腦進行資料存取、生成時序信號以使SRAM 2a、2b及計數器等進行顯示所需之內部電路工作等。LCD控制部包括對顯示進行重定的重定電路以及生成時鐘信號之時鐘電路等。類比部具有如提高存儲於SRAM 2a、2b中之圖像資料之電壓電平,並將之變換為適於液晶顯示單元之電壓之功能(電平移位功能)等。即,類比電路為包括使電壓升高之升壓電路等,並生成施加於液晶顯示單元之各種電壓之結構。
輸入保護電路3具有保護內部電路(SRAM、字線驅動器、SRAM控制部、LCD控制部、類比部等)免遭偶發性地施加於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP上之浪湧電壓破壞之功能。這裏的浪湧電壓係由於靜電等瞬間誘發之異常電壓。同樣地,輸出保護電路4具有保護內部電路免遭偶發性地施加於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP上之浪湧電壓破壞之功能。如前上述,通過設置輸入保護電路3和輸出保護電路4,即能夠保護實現LCD驅動器功能之內部電路免遭靜電等破壞。
下面,說明輸入保護電路3和輸出保護電路4之構成例。圖2係設於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和內部電路IU之間之輸入保護電路3之構成例。圖2中,輸入保護電路3連接於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和內部電路IU之間。即,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和內部電路IU經由輸入保護電路3電性連接。內部電路IU係包括控制部1、SRAM 2a、SRAM 2b等電路。如圖2所示,輸入保護電路3具有二極體D1和二極體D2。二極體D1之陽極連接於接地電位Vss,二極體D1之陰極連接於連接輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和內部電路IU之點A上。另一方面,二極體D2之陽極連 接於點A上,二極體D2之陰極連接於電源電位Vdd。輸入保護電路3之構成如上上述,下面說明輸入保護電路3是如何工作的。
首先,說明正常情況下是如何工作的。當輸入電壓施加於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP時,端子A之電位就變成規定電位。此時,端子A之電位較接地電位Vss大,但較電源電位Vdd小。因此,從二極體D1來考慮時,由於二極體D1之陰極(端子A之電位)較二極體D1之陽極(接地電位Vss)高,所以二極體D1中無電流流過。同樣,從二極體D2來考慮時,由於二極體D2之陰極(電源電位Vdd)較二極體D2之陽極(端子A之電位)高,所以二極體D2中無電流流過。如前上述,於正常情況下工作時,由於二極體D1和二極體D2中無電流流過,所以已輸入到輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之輸入電壓(輸入信號)被輸出到內部電路IU。
接下來,說明異常情況下是如何工作的。例如,由於靜電等影響,浪湧電壓施加於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP上之情形。具體地說就是,如果浪湧電壓為大於電源電位Vdd之正電壓之情況下,那麼大於電源電位Vdd之正電位就被施加於連接有二極體D1之陰極之端子A上。於是,二極體D1上就被施加了較大之逆向電壓,而使二極體D1被擊穿,逆向電流便從端子A流向接地電位Vss。另一方面,由於大於電源電位Vdd之正電位被施加於二極體D2之陽極上,所以二極體D2中正向電流從端子A流向電源電位Vdd。如前上述,如果為浪湧電壓大於電源電位Vdd之正電位元之情況下,二極體D1被逆向擊穿,而使二極體D2正向接通,由此而能夠將隨著浪湧電壓產生之電荷釋放出到電源線或接地線上。結果,可防止高電壓施加到內部電路IU而造成的破壞。
同樣地,如果浪湧電壓為絕對值大於接地電位Vss之負電壓之情況下,小於接地電位Vss之負電位被施加於連接有二極體D1之陰極之 端子A上。因此,正向電壓被施加於二極體D1上,而正向電流從接地電位Vss流向端子A。另一方面,由於較大的負電位被施加於二極體D2之陽極上,較大的逆向電壓被施加於二極體D2上,而使二極體D2被擊穿,因此,逆向電流從電源電位Vdd流向端子A。如前上述,於浪湧電壓為較大的負電壓之情況下,二極體D2被逆向擊穿而使二極體D1正向接通,由此可將隨著浪湧電壓產生之電荷釋放出到電源線或接地線上。結果,可防止高電壓被施加到內部電路IU而造成的破壞。
圖3係設於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和內部電路IU之間之輸入保護電路3之另一構成例。圖3中,輸入保護電路3連接於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和內部電路IU之間。即,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和內部電路IU經由輸入保護電路3電性連接。內部電路IU係包括控制部1、SRAM 2a、SRAM 2b等電路。如圖3所示,輸入保護電路3具有n溝道型MISFETTr1和p溝道型MISFETTr2。n溝道型MISFETTr1中,汲極區域與端子A連接,源極區域和閘電極與接地電位Vss連接。另一方面,p溝道型MISFETTr2中,汲極區域與端子A連接,源極區域和閘電極與電源電位Vdd連接。
如上上述結構之輸入保護電路3,係於浪湧電壓從外部施加到端子A上之情況下,根據該浪湧電壓之極性使n溝道型MISFETTr1和p溝道型MISFETTr2中之一個MISFET接通,而另一個MISFET於源極區域和汲極區域之間產生擊穿。由此可將隨著浪湧電壓產生之電荷釋放出到電源線或接地線上。結果可防止高電壓施加到內部電路IU而造成的破壞。以上說明的是輸入保護電路3之構成例,輸出保護電路4之結構與輸入保護電路3一樣。
LCD驅動器之主要功能由上述功能塊實現。例如,如圖1所示,這些功能塊被配置為排列於長方形半導體晶片CHP之長邊方向上。構 成LCD驅動器之各個功能塊分別由形成於半導體基板上之MISFET和形成於MISFET上之多層佈線構成。此時,例如,SRAM控制部及LCD控制部由數位電路形成,類比部由類比電路構成。SRAM控制部及LCD控制部由數位電路形成,而構成該數位電路之MISFET由工作電壓絕對值較低之低耐壓MISFET構成。即,SRAM控制部和LCD控制部由邏輯電路構成,從而可提高集成度。因此,隨著MISFET之細微化不斷深入,隨著該MISFET之細微化,MISFET工作電壓之絕對值也逐漸變低。因此,SRAM控制部和LCD控制部使用的是LCD驅動器中工作電壓之絕對值最低之低耐壓MISFET。例如,LCD控制部所用低耐壓MISFET之工作電壓之絕對值在1.5伏左右。
另一方面,類比部由類比電路構成,但構成該類比電路之MISFET卻由工作電壓之絕對值較低耐壓MISFET高之高耐壓MISFET構成。這是因為類比電路具有變換圖像資料之電壓電平,並將中高電壓(幾十伏)施加於液晶顯示單元上之功能。如上上述,於構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP中,形成有工作電壓之絕對值不同之多種MISFET。特別是於SRAM控制部及LCD控制部中,使用了工作電壓之絕對值最低之低耐壓MISFET。對此,於類比部中使用了工作電壓之絕對值較高之高耐壓MISFET。另外,上述輸入保護電路3和輸出保護電路4中所用MISFET也是高耐壓MISFET。這些高耐壓MISFET之工作電壓之絕對值例如為20~30伏左右。
接下來簡單說明LCD驅動器是如何工作的。首先,從安裝於LCD驅動器(半導體晶片CHP1)外部之微型電腦等輸入用於顯示圖像之串列資料。上述串列資料經由I/O電路輸入LCD控制部。於已輸入串列資料之LCD控制部中,根據於時鐘電路生成之時鐘信號將串列資料轉換為並行資料。接著,為了將已轉換之並行資料存儲於SRAM 2a、2b中,將控制信號輸出到SRAM控制部。於SRAM控制部中,一輸入來 自LCD控制部之控制信號,字線驅動器便開始工作,將並行資料即圖像資料存儲於SRAM 2a、2b中。然後,於規定之時間內,讀出存儲於SRAM 2a、2b中之圖像資料,並輸出到類比部。於類比部中,將圖像資料(並行資料)之電壓電平進行變換後,從LCD驅動器輸出。將從LCD驅動器輸出之圖像資料(並行資料)施加到每個液晶顯示單元,圖像即會顯示出來。如前上述,可通過LCD驅動器將圖像顯示於液晶顯示裝置上。
如圖1所示,構成一般LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP1,沿長邊LS1形成有輸入用凸塊電極IBMP,沿長邊LS2形成有輸出用凸塊電極OBMP。此時,沿長邊LS2配置之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量,相當於驅動單元之行列線(例如閘極線、源極線)之數量,較沿長邊LS1配置之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量多。因此,構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP之長邊方向之長度,基本上由數量較多之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量決定。因此,如果由輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量決定構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP之長邊方向之長度,則將難以縮短長邊之長度。而且,如果改變配置於LCD驅動器之長邊方向上之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之配置方案,則需要改變連接安裝LCD驅動器之液晶顯示裝置之顯示部和LCD驅動器之佈線之配置方案。通常情況下,是向生產液晶顯示裝置之顯示部之製造商提供LCD驅動器,再由製造商將LCD驅動器與液晶顯示裝置安裝在一起。此時,因為液晶顯示裝置之製造商不想改變顯示部之結構,所以事先已經確定好了配置於LCD驅動器長邊方向上之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之配置方案。因此,便難以改變形成於LCD驅動器中之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之配置方案、數量等。由此可知,已很難再縮短構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP之長邊。儘管如此,隨著半導體元件細微化之不斷深入,仍然希望縮小構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP之晶片尺寸。因此,為謀 求構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP1之小型化,如縮小半導體晶片CHP1之短邊方向之尺寸被提上了議事日程。以下就通過改進半導體晶片CHP1之配置結構,以縮短構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP1短邊方向之長度這一技術思想進行說明。
圖4係實施方式1中半導體晶片CHP2之配置結構圖。於圖4中,實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2與圖1所示一般半導體晶片CHP1一樣,呈具有一對短邊SS1和短邊SS2、一對長邊LS1和長邊LS2之長方形形狀。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP沿長邊LS1配置,而且,和與長邊LS1相對向之長邊LS2相比,上述輸入用凸塊電極IBMP配置於更靠近長邊LS1一側之位置。另一方面,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP沿長邊LS2配置,而且,和與長邊LS2相對向之長邊LS1相比,上述輸出用凸塊電極OBMP配置於更靠近長邊LS2一側之位置。實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2與圖1所示一般半導體晶片CHP1一樣,具有控制部1、SRAM 2a~2c、輸入保護電路3a~3c以及輸出保護電路4。輸入保護電路3a~3c從結構上保護內部電路免遭靜電破壞,並與複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP電性連接;輸出保護電路4也從結構上保護內部電路免遭靜電破壞,並與複數個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP電性連接。
以下說明圖4所示實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2與圖1所示一般半導體晶片CHP1之不同處。首先,於圖1所示之一般半導體晶片CHP1中,沿長邊LS2形成有輸出用凸塊電極OBMP,並於與該輸出用凸塊電極OBMP平面地重疊之下層形成有輸出保護電路4。即,與輸出用凸塊電極OBMP一樣,輸出保護電路4也係沿長邊LS2配置。於與輸出保護電路4相鄰之半導體晶片CHP1之中央部形成有SRAM 2a、SRAM 2b以及控制部1。具體地說就是,SRAM 2a、SRAM 2b以及控制部1沿長邊方向排列。沿著與半導體晶片CHP1之長邊LS2相對向之長邊LS1形成有輸入用凸塊電極IBMP,並於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重 疊之下層形成有輸入保護電路3。因此,具有LCD驅動器功能之功能塊,由沿長邊LS2形成之輸出保護電路4、沿長邊LS1形成之輸入保護電路3、以及形成於輸出保護電路4和輸入保護電路3之間中央部之SRAM 2a、SRAM 2b以及控制部1構成。換言之,如果於半導體晶片CHP1中,將沿長邊LS2之區域定義為上段塊、將沿長邊LS1之區域定義為下段塊、將上段塊和下段塊所夾區域定義為中央塊,則於一般半導體晶片CHP1中,輸出保護電路4形成於上段塊;SRAM 2a、SRAM 2b以及控制部1形成於中央塊;輸入保護電路3形成於下段塊。因此,於一般的LCD驅動器中,短邊方向之長度由形成於上段塊之輸出保護電路4、形成於中央塊之SRAM 2a、SRAM 2b和控制部1以及形成於下段塊之輸入保護電路3決定。
對此,於圖4所示之實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2中,沿長邊LS2形成有輸出用凸塊電極OBMP,於與該輸出用凸塊電極OBMP平面地重疊之下層形成有輸出保護電路4。換言之,與輸出用凸塊電極OBMP一樣,輸出保護電路4也係沿長邊LS2配置。於與輸出保護電路4相鄰之半導體晶片CHP2之中央部形成有SRAM 2a~2c、控制部1以及輸入保護電路3a~3c。即,於實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2中,輸出保護電路4形成於沿著長邊LS2之上段塊;SRAM 2a~2c、控制部1以及輸入保護電路3a~3c形成於與該上段塊相鄰之中央塊。換言之,於圖1所示之構成一般LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP1中,輸出保護電路4、SRAM 2a、SRAM 2b、控制部1以及輸入保護電路3,分上段塊、中央塊以及下段塊三段配置。與此相反,於實施方式1之構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP2中,包括輸出保護電路4、SRAM 2a~2c、控制部1以及輸入保護電路3a~3c分上段塊和中央塊兩段配置之區域。以上為半導體晶片CHP2和半導體晶片CHP1之不同之處。下面重點分析一下控制部1和輸入保護電路3c之配置區域,一般認為輸出保護電路4、控 制部1和輸入保護電路3c由三段構成。但是,如果考慮SRAM 2a~2c之短邊方向之長度作為中央塊之短邊方向之長度,則控制部1和輸入保護電路3c合在一起之短邊方向之長度,要較SRAM 2a~2c之短邊方向之長度短。所以可以認為:控制部1和輸入保護電路3c,實質上形成於由SRAM 2a~2c之短邊方向之長度所決定之中央塊之範圍內。因此,於實施方式1中,於平面配置方案如圖4所示之情況下,也表述為:輸出保護電路4、SRAM 2a~2c、控制部1以及輸入保護電路3a~3c分上段塊和中央塊兩段配置。或者,考慮到控制部1和輸入保護電路3c之配置區域可被看成分三段配置,也可以說,於實施方式1中,輸出保護電路4、SRAM 2a~2c、控制部1以及輸入保護電路3a~3c之一部分分上段塊和中央塊兩段配置。
如上上述,實施方式1中構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP2之特徵為:輸出保護電路4、SRAM 2a~2c、控制部1以及輸入保護電路3a~3c不是分上段塊、中央塊以及下段塊三段配置,而是只分上段塊和中央塊兩段配置。換言之,實施方式1之特徵是:不是將輸入保護電路3a~3c沿著長邊LS1配置於下段塊,而是將輸入保護電路3a~3c配置於配置有SRAM 2a~2c及控制部1之中央段之一部分中。因此,可通過實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2來縮短短邊方向之長度。即,圖1所示之構成一般LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP1中,沿短邊方向配置上段塊、中央塊以及下段塊,短邊方向之長度由上段塊、中央塊以及下段塊這三段之佔有面積決定。對此,根據圖4所示之實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2中,沿短邊方向配置上段塊、中央塊,短邊方向之長度由上段塊、中央塊這兩段之佔有面積決定。即,於圖4所示之半導體晶片CHP2中,不存在圖1所示之半導體晶片CHP1之下段塊。因此,於圖4所示之半導體晶片CHP2中,可縮短短邊方向之長度,縮短之尺寸等於下段塊所要佔有之長度。結果是,於實施方式1之半導體晶片 CHP2中,獲得了可縮短短邊方向之長度這一顯著效果。
於實施方式1中,通過對輸入保護電路3a~3c之配置位置做改進,以縮短半導體晶片CHP2短邊方向之長度。具體地說就是,如圖4所示,輸入保護電路3a~3c不是沿著排列有輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之長邊LS1配置。例如,輸入保護電路3a形成於SRAM 2a和SRAM 2b之間;輸入保護電路3b形成於SRAM 2b和SRAM 2c之間;輸入保護電路3c形成於控制部1和長邊LS1之間。結果是,輸入保護電路3a~3c全部不再形成於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重疊之下層。即,於實施方式1中,如圖4所示,輸入保護電路3a~3c和SRAM 2a~2c形成於沿長邊LS1配置之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之下層。因此,於實施方式1中,輸入保護電路3a~3c配置於複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之一部分輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之下層。另一方面,配置於複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP中之另一部分輸入用凸塊電極IBMP下層的是SRAM 2a~2c(內部電路),而不是輸入保護電路3a~3c。特別是,於實施方式1中,下層配置有輸入保護電路3a~3c之一部分輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量,較下層未配置有輸入保護電路3a~3c之另一部分輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量少。
如果用其他的表述方式來說明實施方式1之特徵,則可以說,輸入保護電路3a、3b之一部分配置於由形成有複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之區域和形成有複數個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之區域所夾之內部區域裏。而且,既可以說輸入保護電路3a~3c之一部分形成於不與複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重疊之區域,也可以說輸入保護電路3a、3b之一部分形成於長邊方向上與SRAM 2a~2c相鄰之區域裏。另外,與複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之一部分凸塊電極電性連接之複數個輸入保護電路3a、3b之一部分輸入保護電路,配置於與一部分輸入用凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置;與複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP中之另一部分輸入用凸塊電極電性連接之複數個輸入保護電路 3a、3b中之另一部分輸入保護電路,配置於和與另一部分輸入用凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置不同之位置。
於實施方式1中,將輸入保護電路3a、輸入保護電路3b配置於SRAM 2a~2c彼此之間隔裏。但問題是,於SRAM 2a~2c彼此之間隔裏是否存在前述只配置輸入保護電路3a和輸入保護電路3b空間。這是因為,一般情況下,為了縮小半導體晶片CHP2之尺寸,半導體晶片CHP2長邊方向之長度是不會留出多餘空間的。但實際上,於SRAM 2a~2c之間確實存在可插入輸入保護電路3a和輸入保護電路3b之空間。以下說明其理由。
雖然也要儘量縮短半導體晶片CHP2長邊方向之長度,但該長邊方向之長度由沿長邊LS2配置之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP決定。即,半導體晶片CHP2長邊方向之長度,並不是由沿長邊方向排列之SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1決定,而是由輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量決定。例如,從縮短半導體晶片CHP2長邊方向之長度之觀點出發,可以考慮儘量縮小沿長邊方向排列之SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1之形成區域。具體地說就是,儘量縮小SRAM 2a~2c之間之空間及控制部1之間之空間。但是,如果不能將沿著半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS2配置之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP全部配置,那麼即使將SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1之形成區域配置得非常緊湊以縮短半導體晶片CHP2長邊方向之長度,也是沒有意義的。因此,半導體晶片CHP2長邊方向之長度,至少還有能夠配置所有輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之長度。即,要從能配置所有輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之觀點出發,來決定半導體晶片CHP2長邊方向之長度。
但這樣一來,又將面臨例如沿長邊方向排列之SRAM 2a~2c、控制部1於長邊方向上之長度和沿長邊LS2配置之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP總長度大小關係之問題等。而實際上,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之總長度,比起將SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1排列起來之長度更長。因此,如果 決定出一個能夠配置所有輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之半導體晶片CHP2長邊方向之長度,就需要於將SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1排列起來之區域中存在多餘空間。由此可知,例如,確保於SRAM 2a~2c之間存在可以插入輸入保護電路3a、輸入保護電路3b之空間。因此,於實施方式1中,例如,將輸入保護電路3a和輸入保護電路3b插入SRAM 2a~2c之間,便可縮短半導體晶片CHP2短邊方向之長度。
其次,於半導體晶片CHP2中,除了輸入保護電路3a~3c外,還存在輸出保護電路4。上述輸入保護電路3a~3c和輸出保護電路4具有保護內部電路免遭靜電等破壞之靜電保護電路功能。從都具有靜電保護電路功能之觀點考慮,輸入保護電路3a~3c和輸出保護電路4具有同樣結構。因此,可考慮的做法是:於沿長邊方向排列SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1時所產生之空間裏插入輸出保護電路4,而不是插入輸入保護電路3a、3b。此時,如果能夠將輸出保護電路4全部插入產生於SRAM 2a~2c之間和控制部1之間之多餘空間裏,就可縮短半導體晶片CHP2短邊方向之長度。但是,於實施方式1中,並沒有改變輸出保護電路4之配置方案,而僅改變了輸入保護電路3a~3c之配置方案。下面對其理由進行說明。
如圖4所示,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量較輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量多得多。因為輸出信號從各個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP輸出,所以需要對各個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP設置輸出保護電路4。這樣將會導致輸出保護電路4之數量非常龐大。另一方面,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量較輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量少,而且,也不需要於所有輸入用凸塊電極IBMP上都連接輸入保護電路3a~3c。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP中只有連接有輸入保護電路3a~3c之凸塊電極才是將輸入信號(輸入資料)輸入之凸塊電極。因此,輸入保護電路3a~3c之數量較輸出保護電路4之數量少。這意味著:輸入保護電路3a~3c整體之 佔有面積較輸出保護電路4整體之佔有面積少。即,插入輸入保護電路3a~3c之空間較插入輸出保護電路4之空間小。
於此,沿長邊方向排列SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1時所產生之空間並不太大。即,沿長邊方向排列SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1時所產生之空間,不足以將輸出保護電路4整體插入。即,由於沿長邊方向排列SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1時無法獲得較大之空間,所以不將輸出保護電路4插入上述空間,而是插入輸入保護電路3a~3c。
接下來,說明實施方式1之第二特徵點。即,如圖4所示,不是將輸入保護電路3a~3c集中配置於一處,而是分散配置於半導體晶片CHP2之長邊方向上。例如,也可將沿長邊方向排列SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1時所產生之空間集中於一處,並於該處集中配置輸入保護電路3a~3c。由此可縮小半導體晶片之尺寸。但是,如圖4所示,分散配置輸入保護電路3a~3c效果會更好。下面說明其理由。
例如,需要於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和內部電路之間將輸入保護電路3a~3c電性連接。此時,例如,於圖1所示之構成一般LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP1中,由於輸入保護電路3形成於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重疊之下層,所以能夠利用從輸入用凸塊電極IBMP朝向下層之多層佈線將輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸入保護電路3電性連接。這意味著:於將輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸入保護電路3電性連接時,不需要使用於半導體晶片CHP1平面方向上延伸之回繞佈線。
但是,於實施方式1中,輸入保護電路3a~3c形成於不與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重疊之區域內。因此,於實施方式1中,於將輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸入保護電路3a~3c連接時,需要使用於半導體晶片CHP2平面方向上延伸之回繞佈線。以此為前提,如果將輸入保護電路3a~3c集中配置於一處,則需要利用於半導體晶片CHP2平面方向上延伸之回繞佈線,將集中配置之輸入保護電路3a~3c和配置於半導 體晶片CHP2長邊方向上之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP連接。此時,如果將輸入保護電路3a~3c集中於一處,回繞佈線之平面配置結構就會變得很複雜。
因此,於實施方式1中,以輸入保護電路3a~3c形成於不與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重疊之區域內為前提,將輸入保護電路3a~3c分散配置。由此,配置於半導體晶片CHP2長邊方向上之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP便能夠與分散配置之輸入保護電路3a~3c中距離最近之輸入保護電路連接。這意味著:能夠減少連接輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸入保護電路3a~3c之回繞佈線,而且,與將輸入保護電路3a~3c集中於一處之情況相比,更能簡化回繞佈線之平面配置結構。因此,根據實施方式1,通過第一特徵點即將輸入保護電路3a~3c配置於於沿長邊方向排列SRAM 2a~2c和控制部1時所產生之空間裏,便可縮短構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP2短邊方向之長度。根據第一特徵點,輸入保護電路3a~3c形成於不與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重疊之區域內,但借助第二特徵點,能夠簡化電性連接輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸入保護電路3a~3c回繞佈線之平面配置結構。上述第二特徵點為不將輸入保護電路3a~3c集中配置於一處,而是分散配置於半導體晶片CHP2之長邊方向上。
此外,最好如實施方式1那樣,同時具備第一特徵點和第二特徵點。但是,即使是只具備第一特徵點之結構,也能夠充分實現本申請發明之目的,即:縮短半導體晶片CHP2短邊方向之長度。
接下來,通過放大圖說明如何利用實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2,來縮短半導體晶片CHP2短邊方向之長度。圖5係將一般構成LCD驅動器半導體晶片CHP1之長邊LS1附近區域放大後之圖。於圖5中,X方向表示半導體晶片CHP1之長邊LS1延伸之長邊方向,Y方向表示半導體晶片CHP1之短邊方向。如圖5所示,兩個輸入用凸塊電極 IBMP1、IBMP2沿半導體晶片CHP1之長邊LS1排列配置。而且,於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之下層形成有最上層佈線TM1、TM3、TM4。同樣地,於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2之下層形成有最上層佈線TM2、TM3、TM4。此時,僅於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之下層形成有最上層佈線TM1,且僅於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2下層形成有最上層佈線TM2。另一方面,最上層佈線TM3、TM4從輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之下層一直形成到輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2之下層,且於長邊方向(X方向)上延伸。
通過將導電材料埋入開口部CNT1而使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和最上層佈線TM1電性連接。而且,最上層佈線TM1經由形成於下層之多層佈線與輸入保護電路3A連接。同樣地,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2和最上層佈線TM2通過將導電材料埋入開口部CNT2而電性連接。而且,最上層佈線TM2經由形成於下層之多層佈線與輸入保護電路3B連接。如前上述,於構成一般LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP1中,輸入保護電路3A、3B形成於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2之下層。因此,為了使內部電路IU與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2不為平面地重疊,而將內部電路IU配置於較輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2還靠內之內側(較長邊LS1還遠之區域)。因此,內部電路IU與半導體晶片CHP1長邊LS1之間之距離成為距離Y1。
對此,圖6係實施方式1之LCD驅動器即半導體晶片CHP2之長邊LS1附近區域放大後之圖。於圖6中,X方向表示半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1延伸之長邊方向,Y方向表示半導體晶片CHP2之短邊方向。如圖6所示,兩個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2沿半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1排列配置。而且,於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1下層形成有最上層佈線TM1、TM3、TM4。同樣地,於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2下層形成有最上層佈線TM2、TM3、TM4。此時,僅於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1 下層形成有最上層佈線TM1,僅於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2下層形成有最上層佈線TM2。另一方面,最上層佈線TM3和最上層佈線TM4從輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1下層一直形成到輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2下層,且於長邊方向(x方向)上延伸。
輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和最上層佈線TM1,通過將導電材料埋入開口部CNT1而電性連接。但是,於實施方式1中,輸入保護電路未形成於最上層佈線TM1之下層。同樣地,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2和最上層佈線TM2是通過將導電材料埋入開口部CNT2而電性連接。但是,於實施方式1中,輸入保護電路未形成於最上層佈線TM2之下層。於實施方式1中,輸入保護電路(圖6中未示出)形成於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2不為平面地重疊之區域內。如前上述於實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2中,由於輸入保護電路不形成於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2之下層,所以內部電路IU之一部分形成於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2平面地重疊之下層。結果是,內部電路IU與半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1之間之距離成為距離Y2。
對圖5所示之距離Y1和圖6所示之距離Y2做比較後可知:圖6所示之距離Y2較圖5所示之距離Y1小。這意味著:與圖5所示之半導體晶片CHP1相比,圖6所示之半導體晶片CHP2能夠縮短短邊方向之長度。即,與一般半導體晶片CHP1相比,實施方式1中半導體晶片CHP2縮短了短邊方向之長度。
此外,圖6之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1部分與後述實施方式5之圖13相對應,沿圖13之A~A線剖開之剖面圖與後述實施方式5之圖14相對應。於後述實施方式5中,將參考剖面圖對實施方式1之器件結構進行詳細說明。
於實施方式1中,列出了於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2之下層有多條最上層佈線TM3、TM4通過之例子。但並不限於此,於至少 有一條最上層佈線通過之情況下,也可獲得同樣效果。這一點於以下各個實施中同樣適用。
(實施方式2)
於上述實施方式1中,對以下結構進行了說明。例如,如圖4所示,輸入保護電路3a~3c配置於複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之一部分輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之下層。另一方面,於複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP中之另一部分輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之下層配置有SRAM 2a~2c(內部電路),而不是配置輸入保護電路3a~3c。
於實施方式2中,以於所有輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之下層都沒有形成輸入保護電路為例進行說明。
圖7係實施方式2中半導體晶片CHP2之平面配置結構圖。於圖7中,實施方式2之半導體晶片CHP2與圖4所示上述實施方式1之半導體晶片CHP2一樣,呈具有一對短邊SS1和短邊SS2以及一對長邊LS1和長邊LS2之長方形形狀。其中,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP沿長邊LS1配置;輸出用凸塊電極OBMP沿長邊LS2配置。而且,實施方式2之半導體晶片CHP2具有控制部1、SRAM 2a、SRAM 2b、輸入保護電路3a、3b以及輸出保護電路4等。
此時,於實施方式2中,也是於SRAM 2a、2b及控制部1沿長邊方向排列時所產生之空間裏形成輸入保護電路3a、3b。但是,形成於該空間之輸入保護電路3a、3b,不與沿長邊LS1配置之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重疊。即,與上述實施方式1不同,於實施方式2中所有輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之下層都沒有形成輸入保護電路。
構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP2也可為如實施方式2所屬之結構。於如實施方式2上述之結構時,也能夠通過第一特徵點即將輸入保護電路3a、3b插入於SRAM 2a、2b及控制部1沿長邊方向排列時所產生之空間裏,縮短構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP2短邊方向之 長度。根據第一特徵點,使輸入保護電路3a、3b形成於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP不為平面地重疊之區域內。根據第二特徵點即不將輸入保護電路3a、3b集中配置於一處,而是分散配置於半導體晶片CHP2之長邊方向上,就可簡化電性連接輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸入保護電路3a、3b回繞佈線之平面配置結構。即,根據實施方式2之平面配置結構,也能夠獲得與上述實施方式1一樣之效果。
(實施方式3)
如圖4所示,於上述實施方式1中,通過第一特徵點即將輸入保護電路3a~3c插入於SRAM 2a~2c及控制部1沿長邊方向排列時所產生之空間裏,可縮短構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP2短邊方向之長度。因此,於上述實施方式1中,輸入保護電路3a~3c形成於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP不為平面地重疊之區域內。結果,於上述實施方式1中,需要使用於半導體晶片CHP2平面方向上延伸之回繞佈線,以將輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸入保護電路3a~3c連接。此時,如果不對回繞佈線之平面配置結構做改進,半導體晶片CHP2佈線之平面配置方案將會變得很複雜。
下面,於實施方式3中,對有效地利用了於半導體晶片CHP2平面方向上延伸之回繞佈線之技術思想進行說明。即,於實施方式3中,於使輸入保護電路3a~3c形成於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP不為平面地重疊之區域內之情況下,對電性連接輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸入保護電路3a~3c佈線之平面配置方案做了改進。下面,對實施方式3之複數個改進點進行說明。
首先,說明實施方式3之第一個改進點。圖8為用來說明實施方式3中第一個改進點之圖。於圖8中,X方向表示半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1延伸之長邊方向,Y方向表示半導體晶片CHP2之短邊方向。如圖8所示,三個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2、IBMP3沿半導體晶片 CHP2之長邊LS1排列配置。
實施方式3之第一個改進點係最上層佈線TM1和輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3之連接方法,其中,上述最上層佈線TM1與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3電性連接,且連接於輸入保護電路3上。具體地說就是,如圖8所示,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和最上層佈線TM1利用埋入開口部CNT1之導電材料相連接;輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2和最上層佈線TM1利用埋入開口部CNT2之導電材料相連接;輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3和最上層佈線TM1利用埋入開口部CNT3之導電材料相連接。此時,開口部CNT1~CNT3之形成位置不同就是第一個改進點。
即,除了最上層佈線TM1以外,還存在其他最上層佈線也配置於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3下層之情況。此時,如果使對輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3之開口部CNT1~CNT3形成於相同位置,則有可能妨礙配置其他最上層佈線。因此,根據圖8所示實施方式3之第一個改進點,使對於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之開口部CNT1之形成位置、對於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2之開口部CNT2之形成位置以及對於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3之開口部CNT3形成於不同位置。由此可於不妨礙配置於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3下層之其他最上層佈線之情況下,能夠使最上層佈線TM1延伸於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3之下層,並與輸入保護電路3連接。
例如,如圖8所示,與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1連接之開口部CNT1形成於離半導體晶片CHP2之長邊LS1最近之位置上,與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3連接之開口部CNT3形成於離半導體晶片CHP2之長邊LS1最遠之位置上。
此外,於圖8中,由於由最上層佈線TM1將輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3連接,所以輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3具有同一功能。例如電源(Vcc、Vdd)用凸塊電極就為此類電極。另外,這也適用 於以輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2、IBMP3作為虛設凸塊電極之情況。即,於用途相同之凸塊電極相鄰之情況下,能夠如圖8所示,利用最上層佈線TM1實現輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3共通。
接下來,說明實施方式3之第二個改進點。圖9係用來說明實施方式3中第二個改進點之圖。於圖9中,X方向表示半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1延伸之長邊方向,Y方向表示半導體晶片CHP2之短邊方向。如圖9所示,三個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2、IBMP3沿半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1排列配置。而且,最上層佈線TM1~TM3設於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3之下層,這些最上層佈線TM1~TM3與輸入保護電路3連接。
輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和最上層佈線TM1通過埋入開口部CNT1之導電材料相連接;輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2和最上層佈線TM2通過埋入開口部CNT2之導電材料相連接;輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3和最上層佈線TM3通過埋入開口部CNT3之導電材料相連接。此為實施方式3之第二個改進點。
實施方式3之第二個改進點為:將不同之最上層佈線TM1~TM3分別連接於各個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3上,並改變對於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3之開口部CNT1~CNT3之形成位置。如前上述,通過使與不同之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3連接之各個開口部CNT1~CNT3形成於不同之位置,便可於不改變最上層佈線TM1~TM3之佈線平面配置方案之情況下,高效地將各條最上層佈線TM1~TM3和所對應之各個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3連接。
具體地說就是,根據實施方式3之第二個改進點,最上層佈線包括最上層佈線TM1和最上層佈線TM2。上述最上層佈線TM1經由開口部CNT1與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1連接,通過輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2下方且不與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2相連接;上述最上層佈線TM2經由 開口部CNT2與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2連接,通過輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1下方且不與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1相連接。最上層佈線還包括最上層佈線TM3,上述最上層佈線TM3通過輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2下方且不與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2相連接。
接下來,說明實施方式3之第三個改進點。圖10係用來說明實施方式3中第三個改進點之圖。於圖10中,X方向表示半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1延伸之長邊方向,Y方向表示半導體晶片CHP2之短邊方向。如圖10所示,三個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2、IBMP3沿半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1排列配置。而且,最上層佈線TM1~TM3配置於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3之下層,且上述最上層佈線TM1~TM3之最上層佈線TM3與輸入保護電路3相連接。
輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和最上層佈線TM1通過埋入開口部CNT1之導電材料相連接;輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2和最上層佈線TM2通過埋入開口部CNT2之導電材料相連接;輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3和最上層佈線TM3通過埋入開口部CNT3b之導電材料相連接。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3通過埋入開口部CNT3a之導電材料與最上層佈線TM1相連接。即,實施方式3之第三個改進點是,例如像輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3那樣,與複數個不同之最上層佈線TM1、TM3相連接。具體地說就是,兩個開口部CNT3a和開口部CNT3b連接於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3上。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3與最上層佈線TM1通過埋入開口部CNT3a之導電材料相連接,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3與最上層佈線TM3通過埋入開口部CNT3b之導電材料相連接。
也就是說,實施方式3之第三個改進點即:使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3具有連接最上層佈線TM1和最上層佈線TM3之功能。即,於第三個改進點中,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3具有用於連接最上層佈線TM1 和最上層佈線TM3之佈線之功能。因此,不再需要形成連接最上層佈線TM1和最上層佈線TM3之其他佈線,從而可簡化佈線之平面配置方案。
此外,如圖10所示,無需對所有輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP3設置複數個開口部,根據佈線之平面配置方案進行調整,就能夠使與一個開口部連接之輸入用凸塊電極(輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2)和與複數個開口部連接之輸入用凸塊電極(輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3)混合存在。而且,於圖10中,例如,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3構成為與兩個開口部CNT3a、CNT3b連接,但並不限於此,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3還可以與三個開口部連接。
如上上述,於實施方式3中,第一到第三個改進點都被應用於電性連接輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸入保護電路3a~3c佈線之平面配置方案中。下面,對採納了第一到第三個改進點之佈線之平面配置方案例進行說明。圖11係實施方式3之佈線配置方案例之圖。於圖11中,X方向表示半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1延伸之長邊方向,Y方向表示半導體晶片CHP2之短邊方向。如圖11所示,五個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP5沿半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1排列配置。而且,於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP5之下層形成有最上層佈線TM1a~TM3b。這些最上層佈線TM1a~TM3b中,最上層佈線TM2a與輸入保護電路3線相連接。
首先,將最上層佈線TM1a、TM2a、TM3a配置於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之下層。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1通過埋入開口部CNT1之導電材料和最上層佈線TM1a電性連接。
接下來,最上層佈線TM1b、TM2a、TM3a配置於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2之下層。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2與開口部CNT2a和開口部CNT2b相連接,並通過埋入開口部CNT2a之導電材料和最上層佈線 TM1b電性連接,並且,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2通過埋入開口部CNT2b之導電材料和最上層佈線TM3a電性連接。即,第三個改進點用於該輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2之構成上,即輸入用凸塊電極IBMP2與不同之兩條最上層佈線TM1b、TM3a連接。
接下來,將最上層佈線TM1b、TM2a配置於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3之下層。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3通過埋入開口部CNT3之導電材料與最上層佈線TM2a電性連接。這裏,如果從輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3來分析,則與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1相連接之開口部CNT1和與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3相連接之開口部CNT3位置不同,而且,與連接於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之最上層佈線TM1a和連接於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3之最上層佈線TM2a為不同之佈線。即,於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3之結構上,採用了實施方式3之第二個改進點。
接下來,最上層佈線TM1b、TM2b、TM2a配置於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP4之下層。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP4,通過埋入開口部CNT4a之導電材料與最上層佈線TM2b連接,且通過埋入開口部CNT4b之導電材料與最上層佈線TM2a連接。於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP4結構上,採用了實施方式3之第三個改進點。如果從輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3和輸入用凸塊電極IBMP4來分析,則輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3和輸入用凸塊電極IBMP4與同一最上層佈線TM2a相連接,且針對輸入用凸塊電極IBMP3形成之開口部CNT3之形成位置和對輸入用凸塊電極IBMP4形成之開口部CNT4b之形成位置不同。即,此結構採用了實施方式3之第一個改進點。
接下來,最上層佈線TM1b、TM2b、TM3b配置於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP5之下層。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP5通過埋入開口部CNT5之導電材料電與最上層佈線TM3b電性連接。由此可知:圖11所示之佈線 平面配置方案例為如上上述之結構,採用了第一到第三個改進點而獲得之上述佈線平面配置方案。通過使其成為如上上述之佈線平面配置方案,便能夠對輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1~IBMP5高效地配置最上層佈線TM1a~TM3b。從而可實現佈線之平面配置方案簡單化。
此外,實施方式3中公開之技術對於通過現有技術於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重疊之區域內形成輸入保護電路3a~3c之情況下也有效。並且,於將上述實施方式1和實施方式2組合使用之情況下也可獲得同樣之效果。
(實施方式4)
於實施方式4中,對以下例子進行說明:不使輸入用凸塊電極與輸出用凸塊電極為同一形狀,而是使其成為大小不同之形狀例。
上述實施方式3中所說明之技術思想,為關於與輸入用凸塊電極和最上層佈線連接之內容。為了有效利用於上述實施方式3中所說明之第一到第三改進點,前提是於輸入用凸塊電極之下層配置有多條最上層佈線。於實施方式4中,重點於於:配置於輸入用凸塊電極下層之最上層佈線之數量越多,上述實施方式3中第一到第三改進點就越有效。因此,於實施方式4中,為了更加有效地利用上述實施方式3之第一到第三改進點,於輸入用凸塊電極結構方面做了改進。下面,對實施方式4之技術思想進行說明。
圖12係構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP2結構之放大圖。於圖12中,X方向表示長邊LS1、LS2延伸之長邊方向,Y方向表示短邊方向。如圖12所示,複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP沿長邊LS1配置;複數個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP沿著另一個長邊LS2配置,上述另一長邊LS2配置於與配置有輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之長邊LS1相對向。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP沿著長邊LS1呈一直線狀配置,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP沿著長邊LS2分兩列呈交錯狀配置。因此,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量 較輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量多。
由此可知,實施方式4之特徵於於:輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之大小和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之大小不同,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP較輸出用凸塊電極OBMP大。更具體地說就是,如果將輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之短邊方向之長度設為a,而將輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之短邊方向之長度設為b時,長度a較長度b長。通過前述方法使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP變大之理由如下。
即,使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之短邊方向長度增加就意味著:可以增加配置於與上述輸入用凸塊電極IBMP平面地重疊之下層之最上層佈線條數。即,通過增加輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之短邊方向之長度,就可增加通過輸入用凸塊電極IBMP下層並於長邊LS1方向上延伸之最上層佈線數量。即:通過沿著長邊LS1配置之複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP下層之最上層佈線數量增多。結果,增加了以最上層佈線連接複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之間之自由度。而且,通過複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP下層之最上層佈線增多,也意味著能夠有效地活用於上述實施方式3中所說明之第一到第三改進點之潛力增大。因此,根據實施方式4,採用輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之短邊方向之長度a大於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之短邊方向之長度b這一特徵性結構,便可獲得增大佈線平面配置方案之自由度這一顯著效果。
如上上述,於實施方式4中,從增大佈線平面配置方案之自由度,並有效地利用上述實施方式3之第一到第三改進點之觀點出發,採用了使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之長度a大於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之長度b這一特徵性結構。即,使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之平面面積,大於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之平面面積。通過採用實施方式4之這一特徵性結構,還能夠獲得以下之次要效果。下面對該次要效果進行說明。
例如,先看看於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之大小和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之大小相等之情況。此時,因為輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量較輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量少,所以輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之總面積也較輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之總面積小。
形成於半導體晶片CHP2之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP,具有於將LCD驅動器即半導體晶片CHP2安裝到液晶顯示裝置之玻璃基板上時之連接端子之功能。此時,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之總面積較輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之總面積小,即:輸入用凸塊電極IBMP一側之接合面積較輸出用凸塊電極OBMP一側之接合面積小。因此,沿半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1之接合面積(輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之總面積)便與沿半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS2之接合面積(輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之總面積)不同。結果,於將半導體晶片CHP2安裝到玻璃基板上時,便有可能出現位於半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1之接合強度與位於半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS2之接合強度產生不平衡,從而導致半導體晶片CHP2和玻璃基板之接合強度下降。
對此,再來看看如實施方式4上述的,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之長度a大於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之長度b這一特徵性結構之情況。此時,雖然輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之數量較輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之數量少,但是單個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之尺寸卻較單個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之尺寸大。因此,與使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之尺寸和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之尺寸相等之情況相比,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之總面積與輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之總面積之差變小。即,通過採用實施方式4之特徵性結構,能夠減小輸入用凸塊電極IBMP一側之接合面積與輸出用凸塊電極OBMP一側之接合面積之差。結果,於將半導體晶片CHP2安裝到玻璃基板上時,可以緩和位於半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1之接合強度與位於半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS2之接合強度之不平 衡,從而可提高半導體晶片CHP2和玻璃基板之接合強度。
此外,實施方式4中,以Y方向(半導體晶片CHP之短邊方向)之長度例,就X方向(半導體晶片CHP之長邊方向)之長度而言,最好是使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之長度和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之長度一樣長,或者使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之長度大於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之長度。
如上上述,通過採用實施方式4之特徵性結構,既可獲得增加佈線平面配置方案之自由度,還可獲得提高半導體晶片CHP2和玻璃基板接合強度之效果。
實施方式4中所公開之技術,不僅適用於上述實施方式3,還適用於上述實施方式1和實施方式2。
(實施方式5)
於實施方式5中,對形成於輸入用凸塊電極下層之器件結構進行說明。圖13係一個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之圖。於圖13中,將半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS1延伸之方向設定為X方向,將半導體晶片CHP2之短邊方向設定為Y方向。如圖13所示,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1呈長方形形狀。三條最上層佈線TM1~TM3配置於上述輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之下層。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1通過埋入開口部CNT1之導電材料與最上層佈線TM1電性連接。下面參考圖14對如前上述構成之形成於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1下層之器件結構進行說明。
圖14為沿圖13之A~A線剖開之剖面圖,係實施方式5之半導體裝置結構之剖面圖。於實施方式5中,例如,如上述實施方式1之圖4所示,內部電路(例如SRAM 2a~2c)形成於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之下層。因此,於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP下層之半導體基板上,形成有構成SRAM 2a~2c之n溝道型MISFET、p溝道型MISFET。下面,對於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之下層,例如形成有構成SRAM 2a~2c之n溝道型 MISFET、p溝道型MISFET之器件結構進行說明。即,實施方式5之半導體裝置具有n溝道型MISFETQ1、p溝道型MISFETQ2。下面對各自之結構分別進行說明。
於半導體基板1S上形成有分離元件之元件分離區域STI。於被元件分離區域STI分割開之活性區域中,形成n溝道型MISFETQ1之區域(半導體基板1S內)中形成p型阱PWL,於形成p溝道型MISFETQ2之區域(半導體基板1S內)中形成n型阱NWL。
n溝道型MISFETQ1,在形成於半導體基板1S內之p型阱PWL上具有閘極絕緣膜GOX,且於該閘極絕緣膜GOX上形成有閘電極G1。閘極絕緣膜GOX例如由氧化矽膜形成。為實現低電阻化,閘電極G1例如由多晶矽膜PF和矽化鈷膜CS之層疊膜形成。
但是,閘極絕緣膜GOX並不限於氧化矽膜,而是可進行各種變更。例如,可以用氮氧化矽膜(SiON)作閘極絕緣膜GOX。即,可以是讓氮析出於閘極絕緣膜GOX和半導體基板1S之介面處之結構。與氧化矽膜相比,氮氧化矽膜抑制膜中產生介面能級,於降低電子捕獲方面有很好效果。因此,能夠提高閘極絕緣膜GOX之抗熱載流子特性,從而提高絕緣耐性。而且,與氧化矽膜相比,雜質更難以穿過氮氧化矽膜。因此,通過採用氮氧化矽膜作閘極絕緣膜GOX,便可以抑制因閘電極中之雜質擴散到半導體基板1S一側所引起之閾值電壓變化。如要形成氮氧化矽膜,只需於例如NO、NO2或者NH3等含氮之氣體環境下進行熱處理即可。另外,於半導體基板1S表面形成由氧化矽膜構成之閘極絕緣膜GOX後,再於含氮之氣體環境下對半導體基板1S進行熱處理,讓氮析出於閘極絕緣膜GOX和半導體基板1S之介面處,也可獲得同樣效果。
閘極絕緣膜GOX例如可以由介電常數較氧化矽膜高之高介電常數膜構成。現有技術中,從耐絕緣性高、矽~氧化矽介面之電特性、 物理特性等穩定性優之觀點出發,而採用了氧化矽膜作閘極絕緣膜GOX。但是,隨著元件之細微化,也要求閘極絕緣膜GOX之膜厚薄膜化。如果以這麼薄的氧化矽膜作為閘極絕緣膜GOX,則於MISFET溝道中流動之電子會隧穿由氧化矽膜形成之阻擋壁而流入閘電極中,即產生所謂的隧道電流。
因此,高介電常數膜得到了應用,即通過使用介電常數較氧化矽膜高之材料,使其於容量相等之情況下,也可增加物理膜厚。採用高介電常數膜,即使於容量相等之情況下,也可增加物理膜厚,所以可減少漏泄電流。雖然氮化矽膜也係介電常數較氧化矽膜高之膜,但於實施方式5中,優選使用介電常數較該氮化矽膜更高之高介電常數膜。
例如,用鉿之氧化物之一即氧化鉿膜(HfO2)作介電常數較氮化矽膜高之介電常數膜。但除此以外,還可以使用HfAlO膜(鋁酸鉿膜)、HfON膜(氮氧化鉿膜)、HfSiO膜(矽酸鉿膜)、HfSiON膜(鉿矽氮氧化物膜)等其他鉿系列絕緣膜來取代氧化鉿膜。除此以外,還可以使用於這些鉿系列絕緣膜中導入了氧化鉭、氧化鈮、氧化鈦、氧化鋯、氧化鑭、氧化釔等氧化物而形成之鉿系列絕緣膜。因為鉿系列絕緣膜與氧化鉿膜一樣,介電常數較氧化矽膜、氮氧化矽膜高,所以於使用鉿系列絕緣膜時,也可獲得與使用氧化鉿膜時一樣之效果。
於閘電極G1兩側之側壁上,形成有側壁SW。於該側壁SW下之半導體基板1S內形成淺n型雜質擴散區域EX1並將之作為半導體區域。側壁SW例如由氧化矽膜等絕緣膜形成。於淺n型雜質擴散區域EX1外側形成有深n型雜質擴散區域NR。於上述深n型雜質擴散區域NR表面形成有矽化鈷膜CS。
側壁SW係為了使n溝道型MISFETQ1之半導體區域即源極區域和汲極區域成為LDD結構而形成的。即,n溝道型MISFETQ1之源極區 域和汲極區域,由淺n型雜質擴散區域EX1和深n型雜質擴散區域NR形成。此時,淺n型雜質擴散區域EX1之雜質濃度較深n型雜質擴散區域NR之雜質濃度低。因此,通過使側壁SW下之源極區域和汲極區域成為低濃度之淺n型雜質擴散區域EX1,便能夠抑制閘電極G1端部下之電場集中。
p溝道型MISFETQ2在形成於半導體基板1S內之n型阱NWL上具有閘極絕緣膜GOX。閘電極G2形成於該閘極絕緣膜GOX上。閘極絕緣膜GOX例如由氧化矽膜形成。為實現低電阻化,閘電極G2例如可由多晶矽膜PF和矽化鈷膜CS之層疊膜形成。此時,於p溝道型MISFETQ2中也一樣,閘極絕緣膜GOX並不限於氧化矽膜,而是可以同n溝道型MISFETQ1一樣使用氮氧化矽膜或介電常數較氧化矽膜高之高介電常數膜。
於閘電極G2兩側之側壁上,形成有側壁SW。於該側壁SW下之半導體基板1S內形成淺p型雜質擴散區域EX2並將之作為半導體區域。側壁SW例如由氧化矽膜等絕緣膜形成。於淺p型雜質擴散區域EX2外側形成有深p型雜質擴散區域PR。於該深p型雜質擴散區域PR表面形成有矽化鈷膜CS。
側壁SW係為了使p溝道型MISFETQ2之半導體區域即源極區域和汲極區域成為LDD結構而形成。即,p溝道型MISFETQ2之源極區域和汲極區域,由淺p型雜質擴散區域EX2和深p型雜質擴散區域PR形成。此時,淺p型雜質擴散區域EX2之雜質濃度較深p型雜質擴散區域PR之雜質濃度低。因此,通過使側壁SW下之源極區域和汲極區域成為低濃度之淺p型雜質擴散區域EX2,便可抑制閘電極G2端部下之電場集中。
如上上述,於半導體基板1S內形成有n溝道型MISFETQ1和p溝道型MISFETQ2。例如,形成有由氧化矽膜形成之接觸層間絕緣膜 CIL,以覆蓋該n溝道型MISFETQ1和p溝道型MISFETQ2。並且,形成有接觸孔以貫穿上述接觸層間絕緣膜CIL。接觸孔以貫穿n溝道型MISFETQ1之源極區域和汲極區域、以及貫穿p溝道型MISFETQ2之源極區域和汲極區域之方式形成。且該接觸孔內形成有柱塞PLG1。例如將鈦/氮化鈦膜(鈦膜和形成於鈦膜上之氮化鈦膜)構成之阻障導體膜、鎢膜等填埋於該接觸孔內,即形成柱塞PLG1。
具體地說就是,接觸層間絕緣膜CIL例如通過臭氧TEOS膜和等離子體TEOS膜之層疊膜形成,其中,臭氧TEOS膜通過以臭氧和TEOS為原料之熱CVD法形成,等離子體TEOS膜通過以TEOS為原料之等離子體CVD法形成。此外,也可以於臭氧TEOS膜之下層形成例如由氮化矽膜形成之蝕刻終止膜。
由TEOS膜形成接觸層間絕緣膜CIL是因為TEOS膜對底層高低差之覆蓋性良好。形成接觸層間絕緣膜CIL之底層為於半導體基板1S上形成有MISFET之凹凸狀態。即,因為於半導體基板1S形成有MISFET,所以閘電極形成於半導體基板1S表面,並成為具有凹凸狀之底層。因此,如果不是對有凹凸之高低差具有良好覆蓋性之膜,就無法很好地填埋細微之凹凸,從而成為產生空洞等原因。因此,採用TEOS膜作為接觸層間絕緣膜CIL。理由是:以TEOS為原料之TEOS膜由於於原料即TEOS成為氧化矽膜以前先製作中間體,從而容易於膜表面移動,因此對底層高低差之覆蓋性良好。
構成阻障導體膜之鈦/氮化鈦膜,係為了防止構成鎢膜之鎢擴散到矽中而設之膜,可防止於形成上述鎢膜時對WF6(氟化鎢)進行還原處理之CVD法中,氟撞擊將影響接觸層間絕緣膜CIL和半導體基板1S從而造成損傷。
接著,多層佈線形成於已形成有柱塞PLG1之接觸層間絕緣膜CIL上。下面,對上述多層佈線之結構進行說明。如圖14所示,在形成於 接觸層間絕緣膜CIL之柱塞PLG1上形成有第一層佈線L1。上述第一層佈線L1例如由氮化鈦膜、鋁膜及由氮化鈦膜構成之層疊膜等形成。於已形成有第一層佈線L1之接觸層間絕緣膜CIL上,形成有覆蓋第一層佈線L1之層間絕緣膜IL1。該層間絕緣膜IL1例如由氧化矽膜形成。於該層間絕緣膜IL1上形成有到達第一層佈線L1之柱塞PLG2。該柱塞PLG2也係通過填埋由鈦/氮化鈦膜構成之阻障導體膜、鎢膜等而形成。
接著,在形成於層間絕緣膜IL1之柱塞PLG2上形成有第二層佈線L2。該第二層佈線L2例如由氮化鈦膜、鋁膜及由氮化鈦膜構成之層疊膜等形成。於已形成有第二層佈線L2之層間絕緣膜IL1上,形成有覆蓋第二層佈線L2之層間絕緣膜IL2。該層間絕緣膜IL2例如由氧化矽膜形成。於該層間絕緣膜IL2上形成有到達第二層佈線L2之柱塞PLG3。該柱塞PLG3也係通過填埋由鈦/氮化鈦膜構成之阻障導體膜、鎢膜等而形成。
在形成於層間絕緣膜IL2之柱塞PLG3上形成有第三層佈線L3。該第三層佈線L3例如由氮化鈦膜、鋁膜及由氮化鈦膜構成之層疊膜等形成。於已形成有第三層佈線L3之層間絕緣膜IL2上,形成有覆蓋第三層佈線L3之層間絕緣膜IL3。該層間絕緣膜IL3例如由氧化矽膜形成。於該層間絕緣膜IL3上形成有到達第三層佈線L3之柱塞PLG4。該柱塞PLG4也係通過填埋由鈦/氮化鈦膜構成之阻障導體膜、鎢膜等而形成。
在形成於層間絕緣膜IL3之柱塞PLG4上形成有第四層佈線L4。該第四層佈線L4例如由氮化鈦膜、鋁膜及由氮化鈦膜構成之層疊膜等形成。於已形成有第四層佈線L4之層間絕緣膜IL3上,形成有覆蓋第四層佈線L4之層間絕緣膜IL4。該層間絕緣膜IL4例如由氧化矽膜形成。於該層間絕緣膜IL4上形成有到達第四層佈線L4之柱塞PLG5。該柱塞 PLG5也係通過填埋由鈦/氮化鈦膜構成之阻障導體膜、鎢膜等而形成。
如上上述,形成了多層佈線。於實施方式5中,多層佈線儘量由鋁膜形成,但也可由銅膜形成。即,第一層佈線L1到第四層佈線L4由以銅為主體之嵌刻佈線形成導電膜。即,於各個層間絕緣膜IL1到層間絕緣膜IL4形成槽以後,再於槽內部及外部形成以銅為主體之導電膜。之後,利用CMP法(化學機械研磨法)等對槽外部之導電膜進行研磨,便可使其成為於槽內部埋入導電膜之結構。具體地說就是,可以由銅(Cu)或銅合金(銅(Cu)與鋁(Al))、鎂(Mg)、鈦(Ti)、錳(Mn)、鐵(Fe)、鋅(Zn)、鋯(Zr)、鈮(Nb)、鉬(Mo)、釕(Ru)、鈀(Pd)、銀(Ag)、金(Au)、銦(In)、鑭系金屬、錒系金屬等之合金形成。
層間絕緣膜IL1~IL4也可以由介電常數較SiOF膜更低之低介電常數膜形成。具體地說,層間絕緣膜IL1~IL4可由以下任意一種膜形成:具有空穴之SiOC膜、具有空穴之MSQ膜(即甲基倍半矽氧烷(methyl~silsesquioxane),為利用塗布製程形成,且具有Si~C鍵之氧化矽膜或者含碳倍半矽氧烷(silsesquioxane))、具有空穴之HSQ膜(即含氫倍半矽氧烷(hydrogen~silsesquioxane),為利用塗布製程形成,且具有Si~H鍵之氧化矽膜或者含氫倍半矽氧烷(silsesquioxane))。空穴之尺寸(直徑)例如為1nm左右。
接下來,於已形成層間絕緣膜IL4之柱塞PLG5上形成有最上層佈線TM1、TM2、TM3。上述最上層佈線TM1、TM2、TM3,例如由氮化鈦膜、鋁膜及由氮化鈦膜構成之層疊膜等形成。於形成有最上層佈線TM1、TM2、TM3之層間絕緣膜IL4上,形成有覆蓋最上層佈線TM1、TM2、TM3之層間絕緣膜(表面保護膜)IL5。該層間絕緣膜IL5由氧化矽膜和形成於氧化矽膜上之氮化矽膜構成之層疊膜形成。
層間絕緣膜IL5上形成有通到最上層佈線TM1之開口部CNT1,導 電材料填埋於上述開口部CNT1中。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1形成於已形成有開口部CNT1之層間絕緣膜IL5上。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1由底膜即UBM(Under Bump Metal)膜和形成於該UBM膜上之金膜形成。UBM膜例如可通過濺射法形成,如由鈦膜、鎳膜、鈀膜、鈦鎢合金膜、氮化鈦膜或者金膜等單層膜或者層疊膜形成。該UBM膜係一種除了具有提高輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1和表面保護膜(層間絕緣膜IL5)間之粘結性功能以外,還具有抑制或者防止金膜之金屬元素移動到多層佈線一側,或者相反地,抑制或防止多層佈線之金屬元素移動到金膜一側之功能的膜。
如上上述,形成了實施方式5之半導體裝置。此時,三條最上層佈線TM1、TM2、TM3形成於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1平面地重疊之下層。
接下來,對例如兩個開口部連接於一個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP上之結構進行說明。圖15係一個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之圖。於圖15中,將半導體晶片CHP2之長邊LS1延伸之方向定為X方向,將半導體晶片CHP2之短邊方向定為Y方向。如圖15所示,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1呈長方形形狀,三條最上層佈線TM1~TM3配置於該輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之下層。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1通過埋入開口部CNT1a之導電材料與最上層佈線TM1電性連接,而且,還利用埋入開口部CNT1b之導電材料與最上層佈線TM3電性連接。下面參考圖16,對上述形成於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1下層之器件結構進行說明。
圖16係沿圖15之A~A線剖開之剖面圖,為實施方式5之半導體裝置結構之剖面圖。因為圖16所示之器件結構基本上與圖14所示之器件結構相同,所以下面只對不同之處進行說明。圖16所示之器件結構與圖14所示之器件結構之不同點,於三條最上層佈線TM1、TM2、TM3與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1之連接關係上。如圖16所示,輸入用凸塊電 極IBMP1和兩個開口部CNT1a以及CNT1b相連接。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1與最上層佈線TM1通過開口部CNT1a電性連接,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1與最上層佈線TM3通過開口部CNT1b電性連接。其他器件結構與圖14所示之器件結構相同。如上上述形成了一個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP上連接兩個開口部CNT1a以及CNT1b之器件結構。
(實施方式6)
於實施方式6中,對將構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP2安裝到安裝基板(玻璃基板)之製程進行說明。首先,利用通常之半導體製造技術,於半導體基板上形成MISFET等半導體元件,之後,於已形成有半導體元件之半導體基板上形成多層佈線。接著,於多層佈線之最上層形成最上層佈線以後,再形成覆蓋該最上層佈線之表面保護膜。之後,於表面保護膜上形成通到最上層佈線之開口部,再填埋該開口部並於表面保護膜上形成凸塊電極(輸入用凸塊電極和輸出用凸塊電極)。之後,通過切割半導體基板,便能夠獲得圖4所示之個體化半導體晶片CHP2。
接下來,對將按上述形成之半導體晶片CHP2粘結並安裝於安裝基板(玻璃基板)上之製程進行說明。圖17係將半導體晶片CHP2安裝到玻璃基板10上之情況(COG:Chip On Glass)。如圖17所示,玻璃基板11安裝於玻璃基板10上,這樣便形成了LCD之顯示部。LCD之顯示部附近之玻璃基板10上成為安裝LCD驅動器即半導體晶片CHP2之區域。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP形成於半導體晶片CHP2上。輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP,通過各向異性之導電薄膜(Anisotropic Conductive Film)ACF與形成於玻璃基板10上之電極10a(ITO電極)相連接。各向異性導電薄膜ACF為具有絕緣層12和金屬粒子13之結構。
於上述製程中,使用相機C將半導體晶片CHP2和形成於玻璃基 板10上之電極10a進行位置對準。於進行該位置對準時,利用相機C確認形成於半導體晶片CHP2上之對準標記,來掌握半導體晶片CHP2之正確位置。
圖18係利用相機C完成位置對準後,將半導體晶片CHP2安裝到各向異性導電薄膜ACF上後之剖面圖。此時,由於對半導體晶片CHP2和玻璃基板10進行了正確的位置對準,所以輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP形成於電極10a上。
接下來,如圖19所示,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP以及電極10a,通過各向異性導電薄膜ACF相連接。各向異性導電薄膜ACF,係將具有導電性之細微金屬粒子混合到熱固性樹脂中並進行膜狀成型之薄膜。金屬粒子由直徑3微米到5微米之球體構成,主要係從內側開始形成鎳層和鍍金層,於最外側重疊上絕緣層而所形成。於此狀態下,將半導體晶片CHP2安裝到玻璃基板10上時,各向異性導電薄膜ACF被夾於玻璃基板10之電極10a與半導體晶片CHP2之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP及輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之間。然後,利用加熱器等一邊加熱,一邊對半導體晶片CHP2加壓,由此則使壓力僅施加於對應於輸入用凸塊電極IBMP和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之部位。所以,分散於各向異性導電薄膜ACF內之金屬粒子將相互接觸並重合於一起,且相互擠壓。結果,通過金屬粒子於各向異性導電薄膜ACF中形成了導電路徑。由於位於未施加壓力之各向異性導電薄膜ACF部位之金屬粒子,支撐形成於金屬粒子表面之絕緣層,所以橫向排列之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之間及橫向排列之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之間之絕緣性得以維持。因此具有以下優點。即:即使輸入用凸塊電極IBMP之間間隔或者輸出用凸塊電極OBMP之間間隔很窄,也能於不引起短路之情況下將半導體晶片CHP2安裝到玻璃基板10上。
接下來如圖20所示,玻璃基板10和柔性印刷基板(Flexible Printed Circuit)FPC也通過各向異性導電薄膜ACF相連接。於前述將安裝於玻璃基板10上之半導體晶片CHP2過程中,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP與LCD之顯示部電性連接,輸入用凸塊電極IBMP與柔性印刷基板FPC連接。
圖21係LCD器件(液晶顯示裝置15)之整體構成圖。如圖21所示,LCD之顯示部14形成於玻璃基板上,並於顯示部14上顯示圖像。LCD驅動器即半導體晶片CHP2安裝於顯示部14附近之玻璃基板上。柔性印刷基板FPC安裝於半導體晶片CHP2附近;LCD驅動器即半導體晶片CHP2安裝於柔性印刷基板FPC和LCD之顯示部14之間。如前上述,便可將半導體晶片CHP2安裝於玻璃基板上,以及將LCD驅動器即半導體晶片CHP2安裝於液晶顯示裝置15中。
(實施方式7)
於實施方式7中,對輸出用凸塊電極、最上層佈線以及輸出保護電路之平面配置方案進行說明。圖22係將圖4所示之構成LCD驅動器之半導體晶片CHP2長邊LS2附近區域放大後之圖。
如圖22所示,靠近半導體晶片CHP2之內部電路之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1和靠近長邊LS2一側之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2呈交錯狀配置。複數個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2分別沿長邊LS2之方向(X方向)配置。輸出保護電路4配置於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2下之半導體基板上。圖2或圖3所示之複數個保護電路用半導體元件形成於輸出保護電路4之區域,並分別與輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2電性連接。輸出保護電路4,通過最上層佈線TM5或者最上層佈線TM6與輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2電性連接。而且,最上層佈線TM5或者最上層佈線TM6,通過開口部CNT6、開口部CNT7與輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2相連接。
這裏,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2之開口部CNT7,不是設置於長邊LS2一側,而係設置於離內部電路近之位置。由此便能夠將最上層佈線TM7(電源佈線)(基準電位Vss)和最上層佈線TM8(電源佈線)(外部電源電位Vcc)回繞到半導體晶片CHP2外周。即,能夠有效地使用輸出保護電路4上部之區域,亦即輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2下部之區域。如前上述,於實施方式7之半導體晶片CHP2中,對輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2也進行了縮小晶片尺寸方面之改進。
即,實施方式7之特徵為:配置為交錯狀之複數個輸出用凸塊電極,具有輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1,其中,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2配置於靠近長邊LS2側之位置,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1與輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2相比,配置於遠離長邊LS2之位置上。而且,最上層佈線TM5形成於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1下;最上層佈線TM6形成於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2下。此時,輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1通過形成於絕緣膜中之開口部CNT6與最上層佈線TM5連接;輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2通過形成於絕緣膜中之開口部CNT7與最上層佈線TM6連接。相對於輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1之中央位置來說,形成有開口部CNT6之位置更靠近長邊LS2;形成有開口部CNT7之位置,係較輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2之中央離長邊LS2更遠之位置。
此外,實施方式7之輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1和輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2,與上述實施方式3所示之輸入用凸塊電極IBMP不同,複數個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2之開口部CNT7位置完全相同;複數個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1之開口部CNT6位置完全相同。即,複數個輸入用凸塊電極IBMP形成於一條直線上,而有的開口部(例如圖8、圖9之開口部CNT1~CNT3)位置不同。但是,複數個輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1形成於一條直線上,開口部CNT6位置相同。輸出用凸塊電極OBMP2形 成於與輸出用凸塊電極OBMP1不同之一條直線上,開口部CNT7位置相同。
如上上述,利用實施方式7中所公開之技術,可縮小半導體晶片CHP2短邊方向之尺寸。
而且,於實施方式7中所公開之技術,也適用於上述其他實施方式。
(實施方式8)
於實施方式8中,所舉的例子係將不形成半導體元件之虛設區域設置於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2平面地重疊之區域之例子。圖23係沿圖13之A~A線剖開之剖面圖,即實施方式8例子之剖面圖。
例如,於上述實施方式5中,所列例子係將內部電路IU配置於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2平面地重疊之區域之例子。但並不限於此,與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2平面地重疊之區域也可以是沒形成有半導體元件之虛設區域。虛設區域係由元件分離區域STI分離開之半導體基板之區域,係不對半導體裝置之電路動作做貢獻之區域。
圖23中,作為虛設區域之一例,列舉的是用以防止碟陷(dishing)之虛設圖案DP。上述虛設圖案DP係複數個圖案分別形成為相同形狀,並以相同間距有規則地配置。
如上上述,於實施方式8中,也和上述實施方式5一樣,能夠讓複數個佈線層通過輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2之下層。因此,可提高佈線平面配置方案之自由度。
由於虛設圖案DP設於與輸入用凸塊電極IBMP1、IBMP2平面地重疊之區域,所以能夠提高各個佈線層之平坦性。
此外,於實施方式8中所公開之技術,也適用於上述其他實施方式。
以上,基於這些實施方式對本案發明人所完成之發明做了具體說明。但是,從各方面考慮,應該認為本次公開之實施方式及實施例只是舉例說明,並不作限定性解釋。另外,本發明的範圍並不僅是上述說明所示之內容,而係由權利要求表示之內容,還包括與權利要求之範圍等同以及此範圍內之所有變更。
於本實施方式中,所舉的例子係液晶顯示用驅動器件(LCD驅動器),但並不限於此,本發明還可用於有機EL等其他顯示用之驅動器件。而且,本發明並不限於顯示用驅動器件,對其他半導體裝置也適用。特別適用於半導體晶片為長方形形狀之情況。
[產業上之可利性]
本發明能夠廣泛地應用於製造半導體裝置之製造業。
1‧‧‧控制部
2a‧‧‧SRAM
2b‧‧‧SRAM
2c‧‧‧SRAM
3a‧‧‧輸入保護電路
3b‧‧‧輸入保護電路
3c‧‧‧輸入保護電路
4‧‧‧輸出保護電路
CHP2‧‧‧半導體晶片
IBMP‧‧‧輸入用凸塊電極
LS1‧‧‧長邊
LS2‧‧‧長邊
OBMP‧‧‧輸出用凸塊電極
SS1‧‧‧短邊
SS2‧‧‧短邊

Claims (13)

  1. 一種半導體裝置,其特徵在於:包括具有一對短邊和一對長邊之矩形形狀之半導體晶片;上述半導體晶片包含:(a)複數之第一凸塊電極,其沿上述半導體晶片之第一長邊配置,且配置在相較於與上述第一長邊相對向之第二長邊,較靠近上述第一長邊側之位置上;(b)內部電路,其形成於上述半導體晶片,且包含複數之MISFET;及(c)複數之第一靜電保護元件,其保護上述內部電路免遭靜電破壞,且電性連接於上述複數之第一凸塊電極與上述內部電路之間;其中,上述複數之第一靜電保護元件係配置於與上述第一凸塊電極平面地重疊之位置不同的位置,且於上述半導體晶片之短邊方向,較上述複數之第一凸塊電極於平面上更內側;於俯視時,上述複數之第一凸塊電極之中的一部分的第一凸塊電極與形成有上述內部電路所包含之上述複數之MISFET之區域係重疊的。
  2. 如請求項1之半導體裝置,其中於上述第一凸塊電極之下層未配置上述複數之第一靜電保護元件。
  3. 如請求項1之半導體裝置,其中 上述複數之第一凸塊電極係輸入用凸塊電極。
  4. 如請求項1之半導體裝置,其中上述半導體晶片包含:(d)複數之第二凸塊電極,其沿上述第二長邊配置,且配置在相較於上述第一長邊,較靠近上述第二長邊側之位置上;以及(e)複數之第二靜電保護元件,其保護上述內部電路免遭靜電破壞,且與上述複數之第二凸塊電極電性連接。
  5. 如請求項4之半導體裝置,其中上述複數之第二凸塊電極與上述內部電路係經由上述複數之第二靜電保護元件電性連接。
  6. 如請求項4之半導體裝置,其中上述複數之第二凸塊電極之下層配置有上述複數之第二靜電保護元件。
  7. 如請求項4之半導體裝置,其中上述複數之第二凸塊電極係輸出用凸塊電極。
  8. 如請求項4之半導體裝置,其中上述複數之第一凸塊電極呈直線狀配置,而上述複數之第二凸塊電極呈交錯狀配置。
  9. 如請求項1之半導體裝置,其中上述半導體晶片係驅動液晶顯示裝置之LCD驅動器。
  10. 如請求項1之半導體裝置,其中上述複數之第一凸塊電極係沿上述半導體晶片之上述第一長邊而呈直線狀配置。
  11. 如請求項1之半導體裝置,其中上述複數之第一靜電保護元件之各者係包含靜電保護用二極體。
  12. 如請求項1之半導體裝置,其中上述複數之第一靜電保護元件之各者係包含靜電保護用MISFET。
  13. 如請求項1之半導體裝置,其中上述內部電路包含控制部及SRAM。
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