TWI488867B - 經釹催化之聚丁二烯 - Google Patents
經釹催化之聚丁二烯 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI488867B TWI488867B TW099135151A TW99135151A TWI488867B TW I488867 B TWI488867 B TW I488867B TW 099135151 A TW099135151 A TW 099135151A TW 99135151 A TW99135151 A TW 99135151A TW I488867 B TWI488867 B TW I488867B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- component
- polybutadiene
- catalyst
- polymer
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- -1 aluminum compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)aluminum Chemical group CC(C)C[Al]CC(C)C SIPUZPBQZHNSDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-fluoro-5-methylbenzonitrile Chemical group CC1=CC=C(F)C(C#N)=C1 CMAOLVNGLTWICC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- UZGARMTXYXKNQR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 7,7-dimethyloctanoate;neodymium(3+) Chemical compound [Nd+3].CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)(C)CCCCCC([O-])=O UZGARMTXYXKNQR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylalumane Chemical compound CCCC[Al](CCCC)CCCC SQBBHCOIQXKPHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 44
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006232 furnace black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 3
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 3
- LTSWUFKUZPPYEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decoxydecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCC LTSWUFKUZPPYEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZMZGFLUUZLELNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(I)=CC(I)=C1I ZMZGFLUUZLELNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylpentane Chemical compound CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(O)=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQHAZTDQFIYTQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N SOS Chemical class SOS NQHAZTDQFIYTQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorobutane Chemical compound CCCCCl VFWCMGCRMGJXDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNRLMGFXSPUZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethyl-1h-quinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC(C)(C)NC2=C1 ZNRLMGFXSPUZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SVOHQIJOZARSHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethylheptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(CC)(CC)C(O)=O SVOHQIJOZARSHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKMOSYLWYLMHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-6-nitroaniline Chemical class NC1=C(Br)C=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O KKMOSYLWYLMHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQIIEHBULBHJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropylalumane Chemical compound CC(C)C[AlH2] LQIIEHBULBHJKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZUGAOYSWHHGDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 5-hydroxy-2,8,9-trioxa-1-aluminabicyclo[3.3.2]decane-3,7,10-trione Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O ZUGAOYSWHHGDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 241001441571 Hiodontidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006237 Intermediate SAF Substances 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006057 Non-nutritive feed additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000800 acrylic rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052915 alkaline earth metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CGVUUOPFWNGFMC-UHFFFAOYSA-K bis(2,2-diethylhexanoyloxy)bismuthanyl 2,2-diethylhexanoate Chemical compound [Bi+3].CCCCC(CC)(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)(CC)C([O-])=O.CCCCC(CC)(CC)C([O-])=O CGVUUOPFWNGFMC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- AZWXAPCAJCYGIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-methylpropyl)alumane Chemical class CC(C)C[AlH]CC(C)C AZWXAPCAJCYGIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ce+3].[Ce+3] DRVWBEJJZZTIGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylaluminum Chemical compound [Al].C[CH2] MGDOJPNDRJNJBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TZMQHOJDDMFGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1,1-triol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)(O)O TZMQHOJDDMFGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006168 hydrated nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005336 magnesium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004337 magnesium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002538 magnesium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930003658 monoterpene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002773 monoterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000002577 monoterpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011943 nanocatalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphite(3-) Chemical class [O-]P([O-])[O-] AQSJGOWTSHOLKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010058 rubber compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001256 steam distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003017 thermal stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H trimagnesium dicitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PIMBTRGLTHJJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=C)C([O-])=O.CC(=C)C([O-])=O PIMBTRGLTHJJRV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F136/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/02—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/04—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F136/06—Butadiene
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
- A63B37/0003—Golf balls
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B37/00—Solid balls; Rigid hollow balls; Marbles
- A63B37/0003—Golf balls
- A63B37/005—Cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/10—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of rare earths
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/54—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with other compounds thereof
- C08F4/545—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with other compounds thereof rare earths being present, e.g. triethylaluminium + neodymium octanoate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/04—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L25/00—Compositions of, homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L25/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08L25/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
- C08L25/06—Polystyrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of nitriles
- C08L33/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L47/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L55/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups C08L23/00 - C08L53/00
- C08L55/02—ABS [Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene] polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2666/00—Composition of polymers characterized by a further compound in the blend, being organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials, non-macromolecular organic substances, inorganic substances or characterized by their function in the composition
- C08L2666/02—Organic macromolecular compounds, natural resins, waxes or and bituminous materials
- C08L2666/04—Macromolecular compounds according to groups C08L7/00 - C08L49/00, or C08L55/00 - C08L57/00; Derivatives thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S526/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
- Y10S526/907—Specified means of reacting components of transition metal catalyst
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
Description
本發明係關於一種高分子量、線性、經釹催化之聚丁二烯,其具有高比例(>95%)之順-1,4單位及具有低比例(<1%)之1,2-乙烯基含量、及亦具有小之莫耳-質量-分布指數(MDI),及關於用於製造此等之方法及關於其用途。
聚丁二烯係使用於輪胎工業中作為橡膠混合物之重要成分,及於此處對於改良最終性質,例如降低滾動阻力及磨耗,係所欲的。另一種應用部份係由高爾夫球核心及鞋底提供,其中高之反彈彈性係主要考慮。
具有高比例順-1,4單位之聚丁二烯係已經以大之工業規模製造歷時長時間,及係使用於製造輪胎及其他橡膠產品,及亦用於衝擊-改質之聚苯乙烯。
達成高比例順-1,4單位之目前方法係以稀土之化合物為基礎之催化劑之幾乎獨占使用,此等催化劑係於EP-A10 011 184及EP-B-A1 0 007 027中以實例敍述。
自先前技藝已知,於高-順式聚丁二烯之群組中,特別地經釹催化之聚丁二烯具有關於滾動阻力、磨耗及反彈彈性之特別有利之性質。
熟習此項技藝之人士知道,具有低多分散性之聚丁二烯之製造係經由使用以稀土之烯丙基錯合物為基礎之結構地界定之單點催化劑(single-site catalysts)而達成,此等係於Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics,2002(203/7)1029-1039中以實例敍述。
於聚丁二烯之製造中,所使用之催化劑系統扮演一種重要部份。
作為實例,於工業中使用之釹催化劑係一種戚格勒/納他(Ziegler/Natta)系統,其係自複數之催化劑組分生成。催化劑之生成主要地包含不同催化劑中心之形成,及此等可係以於聚合物內之至少雙峰莫耳-質量分布辨別。於戚格勒/納他催化劑系統中已知之三種催化劑組分,主要地由一釹來源、一氯化物來源及一有機鋁化合物組成,係以很寬廣種類之方法於某些溫度條件下混合,及此處該催化劑系統係製備,具有或無老化程序,以用於聚合反應。
對於用於製造聚丁二烯所使用之戚格勒/納他催化劑系統,先前技藝顯示多種之製造方法。
對於聚合丁二烯,EP0 375 421 B敍述一種用於製造催化劑之方法,其中烴基鋁或氫化烴基鋁、新癸酸釹或環烷酸釹(neodymium naphthenate)、及鹵素來源係於烴(己烷)之溶液中於-15℃至-60℃之溫度混合,及該催化劑此處於使用於聚合反應之前係老化歷時至少8小時之期間。老化程序較佳地係於-20℃進行。
US-A 5,686,371揭示一種用於聚合一種或多種共軛二烯之方法,其係藉著經由將稀土之鹽、有機鋁化合物及矽鹵化物或有機矽鹵化物於二烯之存在下於0至30℃之溫度下混合以生成催化劑系統。該催化劑並且係於使用於聚合反應之前於室溫老化。
WO02/068484敍述一種方法,其中該已知之催化劑組分,如上述,係於-20℃至80℃之溫度,無任何先前之預先形成程序,直接地引進入丁二烯-己烷溶液中,及於一種連續方法中進行聚合反應。
EP1 055 659敍述一種用於製造具有高水含量(高於10,000ppm)作為用於丁二烯的溶液聚合作用之催化劑成分之新癸酸釹之方法,其中該癸酸釹係與烷基鋁化合物或其氫化物衍生物(較佳地氫化二異丁基鋁(DIBAH))於0至18℃之溫度組合。於室溫將氯化第三丁基加入,作為氯化物來源。老化程序係於對於聚合反應使用此等材料之前,於相同溫度持續歷時30分鐘。
EP0 076 535同樣地敍述釹催化劑之製造,其中已知之催化劑組分係於80℃之溫度組合。使用氯化第三丁基作為氯組分。提及老化,無老化條件之任何明確之陳述。
EP0 127 236同樣地係自先前技藝已知,及此處該催化劑係經由釹氧化物、釹醇化物及羧酸鹽與有機金屬鹵化物、及亦與有機化合物於20℃至25℃之溫度下混合而製造。於50℃至80℃進行該等4種組分之混合,亦係可能的。於此種不同形式中,冷卻該混合物到從20℃至25℃,然後將DIBAH加入。未提及老化。
EP1 176 157 B1揭示一種用於製造具有降低之溶液黏度/孟納(Mooney)黏度比率之聚丁二烯之方法,其中於催化劑製造之期間使用預先形成方法。此處,新癸酸釹(neodymium versatate)係首先於50℃與DIBAH及異戊二烯混合,然後
冷卻該混合物至5℃,然後將倍半氯化乙基鋁(EASC)加入。老化期間,於10至-80℃之溫度,可係自數分鐘至數日。共聚單體,實例係雙二烯(bisdiene),係於聚合反應之期間加入俾能增加聚合物之分枝度及亦因此獲得很狹窄之溶液黏度/孟納黏度比率。由於藉由雙二烯之偶合,因此生成的經分枝之聚合物每分子具有至少4個自由態之鏈末端,而線性分子僅具有2個鏈末端。
於聚合物內之鏈末端之數目與能量耗損具有正相關。當自由態之鏈末端之數目增加時,經由聚合物之能量耗損之數量增加。然而,當經由聚合物而耗損之能量的數量降低時,例如,滾動阻力降低及聚合物之反彈彈性改良。於是,對於相同之莫耳質量,具有每分子僅2個鏈末端之線性聚合物之最終性質經常係比分枝之聚合物者較佳。
此外,具有高莫耳質量之聚合物係比具有低莫耳質量之聚合物較佳。
已知,市售聚丁二烯之數目平均莫耳質量Mn通常係150,000至400,000克/莫耳。聚合物之實際莫耳-質量分布主要地顯示於膠透層析術(GPC)曲線中及係延伸越過很大區域,其主要地延伸很超過10倍差異。
低於100,000克/莫耳之數目平均莫耳質量Mn係特別不利的,此由於統計地彼等供應不良結合進入聚合物網中,如此另外地損害能量吸收之緣故,其中此係自整個聚合物鏈之自由移動之提高程度引起。
對照地,高於1,000,000克/莫耳之數目平均莫耳質量Mn 指數性地提高聚合物之溶液黏度;聚合物之溶解度因此係降低。高莫耳質量之缺點因此係,該聚合物之成本有效之製造變成更困難。
此係因為於聚合物內之該高分子量部分之缺乏,因此於反應器之壁上之沈積物數量係降低,即形成較少凝膠,及反應器之操作時間因此可係較長。反應器之維護及清潔因此係降至最少,及此節省時間及費用。
已知,商業製造之聚合物具有統計之莫耳-質量分布,該莫耳-質量分布之寬度係受到催化劑製造方法影響。
根據本發明之目的因此係提供一種高分子量之線性聚丁二烯,其由於低之溶液黏度,因此於聚合反應中可提供一種容易製造方法,同時由於均勻,線性,並且屬於高分子量之聚合物結構,因此對於橡膠之使用性能亦具有有利效應。
建議於緒論中提及之類型之聚丁二烯俾能達成該目的,其孟納黏度(ML 1+4 100℃)係70至90,及其莫耳-質量-分布指數(MPI)係<10。
較好此等聚丁二烯係已經由含釹之系統而催化。此種類型之系統係以可溶於烴中之釹化合物為基礎之戚格勒-納他催化劑。
所使用之釹化合物特別較佳地包含羧酸釹或釹醇化物,特定言之新癸酸釹、辛酸釹、環烷酸釹、2,2-二乙基己酸釹及/或2,2-二乙基庚酸釹。
已知,於輪胎混合物中之優良性質,例如低之滾動阻力、高之反彈彈性或低之輪胎磨耗,係經由將多分散性(PDI)降至最低而獲得。多分散性通常係由膠透層析術(GPC)測定;其係經由以數目平均莫耳質量Mn除重量平均莫耳質量Mw而獲得之商,及因此代表莫耳-質量分布之寬度。
於橡膠及橡膠混合物之良好處理行為中觀察到寬廣之莫耳-質量分布,及除了其他外,此係於相對地低之混合物黏度、相對地小之混合時間、及相對地低之擠製溫度中觀察到。然而,對於輪胎之性質輪廓(property profile),具有負面之效應。
於是,對於上述之聚丁二烯之處理行為,低之多分散性具有相反之效應。
然而,已發現,PDI指數不提供聚合物實際性質之適當之敍述。特定言之,未提供關於莫耳-質量分布之邊緣區域之資訊,此由於PDI僅提供自重量平均與數目平均莫耳質量計算之商之緣故。
莫耳-質量-分布指數(MDI)因此係已經根據本發明引進,及係自膠透層析術測定;其係經由以Mw(10%)除Mw(90%)而獲得之商,及因此敍述聚合物之最終性質。小之MDI,<10,意表該聚合物之莫耳-質量分布係很狹窄的,及因此可形成一種均勻之網結構。
根據本發明之聚丁二烯因此於輪胎混合物中具有期望之優良性質。
根據本發明之聚丁二烯之1,4-順式含量係>95%,較佳地>96%,及其1,2-乙烯基含量係<1%,較佳地<0.8%,特別較佳地<0.7%。
根據本發明之聚丁二烯之溶液黏度(室溫,5.43%,甲苯)較佳地係350至630毫帕秒,較佳地400至580毫帕秒。
此外,較好根據本發明之聚丁二烯之分枝指數(BI)係5至7。BI係經由以孟納黏度除溶液黏度而獲得之商。已知,對於相同結構之聚合物,當孟納黏度增加時溶液黏度成比例地增加。倘若該增加係低於比例的,即倘若BI係低於5,則溶液黏度係經由聚合物分枝而降低,及此降低該聚合物之線性及增加自由態之鏈末端之非期望數目。任何超比例之增加,即大於7之BI,主要地係經由很高分子量聚合物鏈之增加數目而產生,及致使聚合物之製造較困難。
此外,根據本發明之聚丁二烯於30秒鐘後之孟納鬆弛(Mooney relaxation)較佳地係小於6%。孟納鬆弛係經由於孟納測量程序之結束後於聚合物之施加動應力之後,聚合物鏈之滑移而產生,及表示聚合物之線性。
根據本發明之聚丁二烯之莫耳-質量分布係Mw 90%<1,000,000克/莫耳及Mw 10%>100,000克/莫耳。此種莫耳-質量分布對於根據本發明之聚丁二烯係理想的,此由於,如上述,其提供容易之製造及於同時保證聚合物之期望良好最終性質。
根據本發明之聚丁二烯不僅具有經改良之滾動阻力及經提高之反彈彈性,而且亦係較容易製造,此由於其係與於反應器之壁上之較少沈積、及較少膠化,及因此反應器之較長操作時間之緣故。反應器之維護因此係降至最少,及此節省時間及費用。
根據本發明之聚丁二烯於製造程序之期間、於輸送之期間、及於儲存及處理之期間具有其他之利益,及亦具有對於高爾夫球中或於輪胎製造中之使用所需要之特性。
一種另外之發明係一種用於製造根據本發明之聚丁二烯之方法,其係經由進行下列步驟:1.使用一預先形成方法之經改質之催化劑製造,其使用以釹為基礎之催化劑系統,該催化劑系統係由下列組成組分A:釹之醇化物或羧酸鹽,較佳地新癸酸釹,組分B:氫化二烷基鋁,較佳地氫化二異丁基鋁(DIBAH),組分C:三烷基鋁化合物,較佳地三丁基鋁,組分D:二烯,較佳地丁二烯或異戊二烯,及組分E:至少一種有機金屬鹵化物,較佳地倍半氯化乙基鋁(ethyl aluminium sesquichloride,EASC),其中,於第一步驟中,組分A、B、C及D係首先於0℃至80℃之溫度混合,較佳地30℃至60℃,歷時5分鐘至10小時之期間,較佳地20分鐘至2小時,且然後於組分E之添加之前,該混合物係冷卻至低於-10℃,較佳地至低於-30℃;
2. 一該經改質之催化劑系統之預先形成之方法,其係於-30℃至80℃之溫度,較佳地5℃至50℃,歷時1至250小時之期間,較佳地2至100小時;
3. 單體於-20℃至150℃之溫度之聚合作用。
經由進行根據本發明之方法,生成一催化劑系統,其係以釹為基礎及其具有理想之活性,及其導致聚合物之期望的上述性質,係可能的。聚合物之最終性質及製造方法之成本有效性係催化劑成分之數量及作用之模式之函數。倘若,例如,使用催化劑之數量係太小,則雖然莫耳質量增加,及聚合物之孟納黏度因此增加,但是仍然具有單體反應之對應變緩慢,及為了經濟之理由此係不良的。
該改質作用,即於氯化物來源E的添加之前對於混合催化劑組分A至D之溫度的降低,連同催化劑DIBAH作為組分B、及TIBA作為組分C之另外合作效應,容許具有理想之活性及對於獲得根據本發明,具有上述性質之聚丁二烯係決定性之催化劑系統的生成,此係令人驚訝的。
更好的,組分D係與使用於製造高分子量經釹催化之聚丁二烯者相同之單體。於催化劑製造之期間二烯之存在係特別重要的,此由於其容許穩定催化劑錯合物之生成之緣故。使用之溶劑可包含己烷、環己烷、甲苯、或C6餾份之溶劑混合物。使用其他溶劑同樣係可能的。
該溶劑可係以純粹之形式或以個別催化劑組分之溶劑之形式加入。溶劑之數量係視組分A而定,其中組分A關於溶劑之濃度係0.05至0.3莫耳/克,較佳地0.08至0.2莫耳/克。
組分A對於組分B之莫耳比係1:1至1:100,較佳地1:3至1:80及特別較佳地1:3至1:50;組分A對於組分C之莫耳比係1:0.4至1:15,較佳地1:0.5至1:8;組分A對於組分D之莫耳比係1:1至1:200,較佳地1:2至1:100及特別較佳地1:3至1:50;及組分A對於組分E之莫耳比係1:0.5至1:20,較佳地1:0.7至1:10及特別較佳地1:0.8至1:8。
於經改質之催化劑製造方法的步驟1中之冷卻溫度較佳地係-10℃或-20℃,較佳地-30℃,特別較佳地-60℃。該步驟已經導致一種催化劑系統,以該系統可製造根據本發明之聚丁二烯,此係令人驚訝的。
本發明另外提供,包含根據本發明之聚丁二烯之橡膠混合物。
於已預先形成催化劑系統之後,於有機溶劑中進行聚合反應。此等溶劑關於所使用之催化劑系統必須係惰性的。作為實例,芳族、脂族及環脂族之烴係適合的,實例係苯、甲苯、戊烷、正己烷、異己烷、庚烷及環己烷。
聚合反應可係連續地或分批地進行。
聚合反應係於-20至150℃之溫度進行,較佳地0至120℃。
於一個通常之具體實施例中,將由組分A、B、C、D及E組成之催化劑加入100重量份之溶劑與5至50重量份(較佳地8至30重量份)之單體的混合物中。
一旦已達成期望之轉化之後,催化劑係經由小數量之,例如,水、羧酸或醇之添加而去活化。
於處理(work-up)之前,可將通常數量之一般安定劑加入聚合物溶液中。所使用之安定劑的實例係空間位阻酚類(sterically hindered phenols)或芳族胺類或亞磷酸鹽類,例如2,6-二-第三丁基-4,5-甲基酚。
聚合物係經由蒸發以濃縮聚合物溶液、經由以非溶劑(諸如甲醇、乙醇、或丙酮)之沈澱作用、或較佳地經由該溶劑之蒸汽蒸餾而分離出。
於蒸汽汽提程序之後,水係經由使用適合之篩分組合件或包含螺桿(實例係脫水機螺桿(expeller screws)或擴張器螺桿(expander screws))之適合之組合件、或經由使用流體化床乾燥器而移出。
對於乾燥,使用通常之方法,例如於乾燥室中或於螺桿運送器乾燥器(screw-conveyer dryer)。
根據本發明之聚丁二烯可係單獨地、於與芳族或脂族油之摻合物中、或於與其他橡膠之混合物中使用。用於製造橡膠 硫化物之適合另外橡膠不僅係天然橡膠,而且亦合成橡膠。較佳之合成橡膠之實例係,於W. Hofmann,Kautschuktechnologie[Rubber Technology],Gentner Verlag,Stuttgart 1980及I. Franta,Elastomers and Rubber Compounding Materials,Elsevier,Amsterdam 1989中敍述。彼等尤其包含
BR-習用之聚丁二烯
ABR-丁二烯/丙烯酸C1-C4-烷基酯共聚物
CR-聚氯平
IR-聚異戊二烯
SBR-具有1至60重量%,較佳地20至50重量%,之苯乙烯含量之苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物
IIR-異丁烯/異戊二烯共聚物
NBR-具有5至60重量%,較佳地10至40重量%,之丙烯腈含量之丁二烯/丙烯腈共聚物
HNBR-經部分地氫化或經完全地氫化之NBR橡膠
EPDM-乙烯/丙烯/二烯共聚物
及該等橡膠之混合物。對於機動車輛輪胎之製造,有趣的材料特定言之係天然橡膠、乳液SBR、及亦具有高於-50℃之玻璃轉移溫度之溶液SBR橡膠(倘若適合,則其等可經由矽基醚或經由其他官能基而具有改質作用,如於EP-A-0 447 066中敍述)、具有高之1,4-順式含量(>90%)經由使用以Ni、Co、Ti或Nd為基礎之催化劑而製造之聚丁二烯橡膠、及亦具有0至75%的乙烯基含量之聚丁二烯橡膠、及亦此等之混合物。
本發明另外提供橡膠混合物,其等通常包含5至300重量份之活性或惰性的填充劑,例如
- 微細粒子矽石,其以實例經由自矽酸鹽之溶液之沈澱作用、或具有5至1,000米2/克(較佳地20至400米2/克)之比表面積(BET表面積)並且具有10至400奈米之原粒子尺寸(primary particle sizes)之矽鹵化物之火焰水解作用而製造。該等矽石,倘若適合,則亦可採用具有其他金屬氧化物(諸如Al、Mg、Ca、Ba、Zn、Zr、或Ti之氧化物)之混合的氧化物之形式,
- 具有20至400米2
/克之BET表面積及10至400奈米之原粒子直徑之合成矽酸鹽,諸如矽酸鋁,或鹼土金屬矽酸鹽,諸如矽酸鎂或矽酸鈣,
- 天然之矽酸鹽,諸如高嶺土及矽石之任何其他自然地存在形式,
- 玻璃纖維及玻璃纖維產品(蓆子(mats),股(strands))、或玻璃微珠,
- 金屬氧化物,諸如氧化鋅、氧化鈣、氧化鎂、氧化鋁,
- 金屬碳酸鹽,諸如碳酸鎂、碳酸鈣、碳酸鋅,
- 金屬氫氧化物,例如氫氧化鋁、氫氧化鎂,
- 金屬鹽,例如[α]、[β]-不飽和之脂肪酸(例如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸,具有3至8個碳原子者)之鋅或鎂鹽,實例係丙烯酸鋅、二丙烯酸鋅、甲基丙烯酸鋅、二甲基丙烯酸鋅、及其等混合物;
- 碳黑。此處使用之碳黑係經由燈黑方法、爐黑方法或氣黑方法而製造及具有20至200米2
/克BET表面積者,實例係超耐磨爐黑(SAF)、中耐磨爐黑(ISAF)、高耐磨爐黑(HAF)、快壓出爐黑(FEF)或通用爐黑(GPF)碳黑,
- 橡膠凝膠,特定言之以聚丁二烯、丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物、丁二烯/丙烯腈共聚物及聚氯平為基礎者。
特別較佳者係二丙烯酸鋅、及微細粒子矽石及碳黑。
所提及之填充劑可係單獨地或於混合物中使用。於一種特別較佳之具體實施例中,橡膠混合物包含一種淡顏色之填充劑(例如微細粒子矽石)與碳黑之混合物,作為填充劑,其中於混合物中淡顏色之填充劑對於碳黑之比率係0.05至20,較佳地0.1至10。
其中加入根據本發明之聚丁二烯的溶液中之該等填充劑的形式較佳地係固體或於水中或於溶劑中之漿液。橡膠溶液可係預先製造,但最好直接地使用來自聚合反應之溶液。然後溶劑係以熱之方式或較佳地以蒸汽之協助而移出。用於該汽提方法之條件可係經由初步實驗而容易地決定。
另外較佳者係填充劑之添加至根據本發明之固體聚丁二烯或至橡膠之混合物,及經由以已知之方法之混合(例如經由使用捏合機)而組合。
倘若適合,則根據本發明之橡膠混合物亦包含交聯劑。所使用之交聯劑可包括硫或過氧化物,及此處硫係特別較佳的。根據本發明之橡膠混合物可包含另外之橡膠輔助劑,諸如反應加速劑、抗氧化劑、熱安定劑、光安定劑、抗臭氧化劑、加工助劑、塑化劑、賦黏劑、發泡劑、染料、顏料、蠟、增效劑、有機酸、阻滯劑、金屬氧化物、及亦活化劑(例如三乙醇胺、聚乙二醇、己三醇)、及其他,此等對於橡膠工業係已知的。
於使用高活性沈澱之矽石的較佳橡膠混合物中,使用另外之填充劑活化劑,係特別有利的。較佳之填充劑活化劑係含硫之矽基醚,特定言之雙(三烷氧基矽基烷基)多硫化物(如於DE-A-2,141,159及DE-A-2,255,577中敍述)、DE-A-4,435,311及EP-A-0 670 347之低聚合及/或聚合之含硫之矽基醚、及氫硫基烷基三烷氧基矽烷(特定言之氫硫基丙基三乙氧基矽烷)及氰硫基烷基矽基醚(例如如於DE-A-195 44 469中敍述)。
橡膠輔助劑之使用的數量係通常數量,及尤其視計畫之用途而定。通常數量之實例係以橡膠計之0.1至50重量%之數量。
橡膠與提及之其他橡膠輔助產品、交聯劑及加速劑之另外摻和可係以通常之方法以適合混合組合件(諸如滾子、內混合器及混合擠製機)之協助而進行。
混合(compounding)及硫化方法係以實例於Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering,Vol.4,pp.66 ff(混合)及Vol.17,pp.666 ff(硫化)中較詳細地敍述。
根據本發明之橡膠混合物可係於100至200℃,較佳地130至180℃,之通常溫度硫化(倘若適當,則於10至200巴之壓力下)。
對於製造任何種類之模製品,根據本發明之橡膠混合物具有優良之適合性。
該等模製品之非限制實例係O形環、型材(profiles)、墊
片、膜、輪胎、輪胎輪面、阻尼元件及軟管。
特別較佳者係種種輪胎組件及輪胎輪面。
此外,根據本發明之橡膠混合物係適合於衝擊改質之熱塑型塑膠,特定言之用於聚苯乙烯及苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物。
該等橡膠混合物係特別適合地使用於高爾夫球,特定言之高爾夫球核心。
對於本發明之進一步解釋,使用以下之實例。
催化劑製造及預先形成方法:
將4.26毫升(24毫莫耳)之氫化二異丁基鋁、3.03毫升(12毫莫耳)之三異丁基鋁、1.2毫升(12毫莫耳)之異戊二烯、及亦11.3毫升(3毫莫耳)之新癸酸釹於己烷中之0.265莫耳溶液,引進入於一乾燥、以氬氣惰性化之Schlenk容器中。於50℃攪拌該混合物歷時90分鐘。然後以乾冰冷卻該溶液,及當溫度已到達-30℃時將8毫升(2毫莫耳)之倍半氯化乙基鋁於己烷中之0.25莫耳溶液加入。預先形成之催化劑溶液係容許於室溫靜置過夜,然後係使用於聚合反應。
聚合反應:
將595克之己烷(已於分子篩上乾燥)、及亦1.12毫升
(1.12毫莫耳)之三異丁基鋁於己烷中之1莫耳溶液、1.71毫升(0.18毫莫耳之Nd)之來自預先形成方法之上述催化劑溶液、及124克之丁二烯進料至一乾燥、以氬氣惰性化之1.9升玻璃熱壓器中。該混合物係於攪拌下加熱至65℃及聚合歷時2小時。然後將549克之黏性溶液排出,及經由攪拌而將2毫升之甲醇、及亦0.6克之雙[3-第三丁基-2-羥基-5-甲基苯基]甲烷併入。然後該聚合物係於真空中於70℃乾燥。產物於乾燥後之重量:87克。
孟納黏度(於100℃之ML 1+4):81 MU;於30秒鐘後之孟納鬆弛(ML-Relax 30 sec):5.4%
溶液黏度(於甲苯中之5.43%,於室溫):518毫帕秒;BI:6.4
莫耳-質量分布:w(10%)=122,000克/莫耳;w(90%)=933,000克/莫耳,MDI:7.6;Mn:255,000克/莫耳;Mw:487,000克/莫耳。
將555克之己烷(已於分子篩上乾燥)、1.03毫升之氫化二異丁基鋁於己烷中之1莫耳溶液、1.67毫升之三異丁基鋁於己烷中之0.618莫耳溶液、3.45毫升之新癸酸釹於己烷中之0.05莫耳溶液、3.45毫升之倍半氯化乙基鋁之於己烷中之0.05莫耳溶液、及130克之丁二烯進料至一乾燥、以氬氣惰性化之1.9升玻璃熱壓器中。該混合物係於攪拌下加熱至
65℃及聚合歷時2小時。然後將568克之黏性溶液排出,及經由攪拌而將2毫升之甲醇、及亦0.6克之雙[3-第三丁基-2-羥基-5-甲基苯基]甲烷併入。然後該聚合物係於真空中於70℃乾燥。產物於乾燥後之重量:96克。
孟納黏度(於100℃之ML 1+4):77 MU;於30秒鐘後之孟納鬆弛:6.9%
溶液黏度(於甲苯中之5.43%,於室溫):725毫帕秒;BI:94
莫耳-質量分布:w(10%)=85,000克/莫耳;w(90%)=1,070,000克/莫耳,MDI:12.6;Mn:199,000克/莫耳;Mw:520,000克/莫耳。
催化劑製造及預先形成方法:
將7.5毫升(42毫莫耳)之氫化二異丁基鋁、1.2毫升(12毫莫耳)之異戊二烯、及亦11.3毫升(3毫莫耳)之新癸酸釹於己烷中之0.265莫耳溶液,引進入於一乾燥、以氬氣惰性化之Schlenk容器中。於50℃攪拌該混合物歷時90分鐘。然後其係冷卻至5℃,及將8毫升(2毫莫耳)之倍半氯化乙基鋁之於己烷中之0.25莫耳溶液加入。來自該預先形成方法之催化劑溶液係容許於室溫靜置過夜,然後係使用於聚合反應。
將580克之己烷(已於分子篩上乾燥)、1.68毫升之來自預先形成方法之上述之催化劑溶液、及120克之丁二烯進料至一乾燥、以氬氣惰性化之1.9升玻璃熱壓器中。該混合物係於攪拌下加熱至65℃及聚合歷時3小時。然後將616克之黏性溶液排出,及經由攪拌而將2毫升之甲醇、及亦0.6克之雙[3-第三丁基-2-羥基-5-甲基苯基]甲烷併入。然後該聚合物係於真空中於70℃乾燥。產物於乾燥後之重量:103克。
孟納黏度(於100℃之ML 1+4):44 MU;於30秒鐘後之孟納鬆弛:5.2%
溶液黏度(於甲苯中之5.43%,於室溫):278毫帕秒;BI:6.3
莫耳-質量分布:w(10%)=82,000克/莫耳;w(90%)=783,000克/莫耳,MDI:9.7;Mn:279,000克/莫耳;Mw:387,000克/莫耳。
對於經混合之材料的製造,於每種案例中根據本發明來自發明實例1之聚合物及來自比較實例3之聚合物係與種種物質混合及硫化。然後測定及比較個別經混合之材料的物理性質。
對於混合物研究所使用之物質係如下:來自KMF Laborchemie Handels GmbH之Corax N 236碳黑;來自Hansen & Rosenthal之Vivatec 500油;來自Grillo Zinkoxid GmbH之Zinkweiss Rotsiegel氧化鋅;來自Cognis Deutschland GmbH之EDENOR C 18 98-100硬脂酸;Vulkanox4020/LG及VulkanoxHS/LG安定劑,及亦自來自Lanxess Deutschland GmbH之VulkacitCZ/C橡膠化學品,來自Rhein Chemie之Antilux 654安定劑及RHENOGRAN IS 60-7硫。
*phr=每100份橡膠之份數
該等兩種經混合之材料於硫化作用之後具有相同之硬度,及因此係直接可比較的。於抗張試驗中,於與比較實例3之比較中,發明實例1顯示經改良之動態性質,以較大之抗張強度(F中間值)及較大之抗張應變(D中間值)可辨別。
當與比較實例3比較時,發明實例1顯著地顯示經改良之反彈彈性。於MTS試驗中,對於tangent delta正切δ(tangent delta,tan d)耗損因子,發明實例1顯示比比較實例3較小之最大值,此係經由聚合物而降低能量吸收之一種信號,及因此推論於發明實例1中之滾動阻力係比於比較實例3中者顯著地較低,係可能的。
Claims (15)
- 一種高分子量、線性、經釹催化之聚丁二烯,其具有高比例(>95%)之順-1,4單位及具有低比例(<1%)之1,2-乙烯基含量、及亦具有小之莫耳-質量-分布指數(MDI),其特徵為- 該聚丁二烯在ML1+4 100℃下之孟納黏度係70至90及- 該聚丁二烯之莫耳-質量-分布指數係小於10,其為Mw(10%)除Mw(90%)獲得之商,其中其莫耳-質量分布為Mw 90%<1 000 000克/莫耳及Mw 10%>100 000克/莫耳。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之聚丁二烯,其特徵為該溶液黏度(室溫,5.43%,甲苯)係350至630毫帕秒。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之聚丁二烯,其特徵為該溶液黏度(室溫,5.43%,甲苯)係400至580毫帕秒。
- 如申請專利範圍第2或3項之聚丁二烯,其特徵為該分枝指數(BI)係5至7。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之聚丁二烯,其特徵為其於30秒鐘後之孟納鬆弛(ML-Relax 30sec)係小於6%。
- 一種用於製造如申請專利範圍第1至5項中任一項之高分子量、經釹催化之聚丁二烯之方法,其包含下列步驟:a)使用一預先形成方法之經改質之催化劑製造,其使用以釹為基礎之催化劑系統,該催化劑系統係由下列組成組分A:釹之醇化物或羧酸鹽,組分B:氫化二烷基鋁 組分C:三烷基鋁化合物組分D:二烯,及組分E:至少一種有機金屬鹵化物其中,於第一步驟中,組分A、B、C及D係首先於0℃至80℃之溫度混合,歷時5分鐘至10小時之期間,且然後於組分E之添加之前,該混合物係冷卻至低於-10℃;b)一該經改質之催化劑系統之預先形成之方法,其係於-30℃至80℃之溫度,歷時1至250小時之期間;3)單體於-20℃至150℃之溫度之聚合作用。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其特徵為組分D係與使用於製造高分子量經釹催化之聚丁二烯者相同之單體。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其特徵為組分A對於組分B之莫耳比係1:1至1:100,;組分A對於組分C之莫耳比係1:0.4至1:15;組分A對於組分D之莫耳比係1:1至1:200;及組分A對於組分E之莫耳比係1:0.5至1:20。
- 一種橡膠混合物,其包含如申請專利範圍第5項之聚丁二烯。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第9項之橡膠混合物用於製造任何類型之模製品之用途。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之用途,其特徵為該模製品係一輪胎組件。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第9項之橡膠混合物用於衝擊-改質 之熱塑型塑膠之用途。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第9項之橡膠混合物用於聚苯乙烯及苯乙烯/丙烯腈共聚物之用途。
- 一種如申請專利範圍第9項之橡膠混合物用於高爾夫球之用途。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中組分A為新癸酸釹,組分B為氫化二異丁基鋁(DIBAH),組分C為三丁基鋁,組分D為丁二烯或異戊二烯,及組分E為倍半氯化乙基鋁(EASC)。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09173297A EP2311889A1 (de) | 2009-10-16 | 2009-10-16 | Neodym-katalysierte Polybutadiene |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201129577A TW201129577A (en) | 2011-09-01 |
TWI488867B true TWI488867B (zh) | 2015-06-21 |
Family
ID=41651376
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW099135151A TWI488867B (zh) | 2009-10-16 | 2010-10-15 | 經釹催化之聚丁二烯 |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US20120208964A1 (zh) |
EP (2) | EP2311889A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5577406B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101393830B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102574955B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112012008782B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2661064T3 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUE036937T2 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2012004362A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2488561T3 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2554351C9 (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI488867B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2011045393A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA201202719B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2311889A1 (de) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-04-20 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Neodym-katalysierte Polybutadiene |
US20130280460A1 (en) * | 2010-12-24 | 2013-10-24 | Toyo Styrene Co., Ltd. | Flame-retardant styrene resin composition and toner cartridge container produced by using it |
US9758646B2 (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2017-09-12 | Arlanxeo Deutschland Gmbh | NdBR wet masterbatch |
HUE025588T2 (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2016-05-30 | Trinseo Europe Gmbh | Production Process of Dene Polymers |
DE102013209929B4 (de) * | 2012-05-28 | 2017-09-21 | Beijing Research Institute Of Chemical Industry, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation | Polyisopren, Herstellungsverfahren davon, Polyisopren-Kautschukverbindungen und Vulkanisat davon |
CN103626926B (zh) * | 2012-08-21 | 2016-03-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 一种聚丁二烯接枝异戊橡胶及其制备方法和硫化胶及混炼胶 |
FR3005438B1 (fr) * | 2013-05-13 | 2015-04-24 | Michelin & Cie | Pneumatique adapte pour un roulage a plat comprenant une nappe de carcasse en polyester |
FR3005471B1 (fr) | 2013-05-13 | 2015-04-24 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc a haute processabilite pour pneumatique adapte pour un roulage a plat |
JP5933497B2 (ja) | 2013-09-17 | 2016-06-08 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
US20160257770A1 (en) * | 2013-10-16 | 2016-09-08 | Arlanxeo Deutschland Gmbh | NdBR WITH MOLAR MASS BREAKDOWN |
JP2015098561A (ja) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-28 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | 空気入りタイヤ |
WO2015151625A1 (ja) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-10-08 | 宇部興産株式会社 | ポリブタジエン |
US10774162B2 (en) | 2015-01-28 | 2020-09-15 | Bridgestone Corporation | Aged lanthanide-based catalyst systems and their use in the preparation of cis-1,4-polydienes |
CN113105573A (zh) | 2015-01-28 | 2021-07-13 | 株式会社普利司通 | 具有改善的耐冷流性的顺式-1,4-聚二烯 |
CN109641482B (zh) | 2016-09-02 | 2021-11-05 | 株式会社普利司通 | 具有通过聚合物胶水的原位硅氢加成制备的多个硅烷官能团的顺式-1,4-聚二烯的制备 |
JP6751207B2 (ja) | 2016-10-31 | 2020-09-02 | 株式会社ブリヂストン | インラインバルク重合のための触媒を調製する方法 |
WO2018089635A1 (en) | 2016-11-09 | 2018-05-17 | Bridgestone Corporation | High cis-1,4 block copolymers of polybutadiene and polyisoprene |
PL3844197T3 (pl) | 2018-08-27 | 2023-10-23 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Biomimetyczny kauczuk syntetyczny |
US20220144974A1 (en) * | 2019-05-07 | 2022-05-12 | Bridgestone Americas Tire Operations, Llc | Modified High-Cis Polybutadiene Polymer, Related Methods And Rubber Compositions |
EP3838932B1 (en) | 2019-12-20 | 2022-08-10 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Synthesis of isoprene-butadiene copolymer rubbers |
KR20220023455A (ko) | 2020-08-21 | 2022-03-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 공액디엔계 중합체, 이의 제조방법 및 상기 중합체를 포함하는 고무 조성물 |
US20220127403A1 (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-04-28 | Korea Kumho Petrochemical Co., Ltd. | Rubber polymer, method for preparing thereof, and rubber composition comprising the same |
CN112552441B (zh) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-09-07 | 浙江传化合成材料有限公司 | 一种钕系稀土橡胶的制备方法 |
CN118696068A (zh) * | 2022-04-08 | 2024-09-24 | 阿朗新科德国有限责任公司 | 支化的改性二烯橡胶 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4533711A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1985-08-06 | Bridgestone Tire Company Limited | Polybutadiene rubber compositions having improved green strength |
CN1342719A (zh) * | 2001-10-12 | 2002-04-03 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 稀土催化体系及其催化丁二烯顺式聚合工艺 |
CN1347923A (zh) * | 2001-10-12 | 2002-05-08 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 稀土催化体系及丁二烯聚合工艺 |
Family Cites Families (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2141159C3 (de) | 1971-08-17 | 1983-11-24 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Schwefel enthaltende Organosiliciumverbindungen |
US4076550A (en) | 1971-08-17 | 1978-02-28 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler | Reinforcing additive |
DE2830080A1 (de) | 1978-07-08 | 1980-01-17 | Bayer Ag | Katalysator, dessen herstellung und verwendung zur loesungspolymerisation von butadien |
DE2848964A1 (de) * | 1978-11-11 | 1980-05-22 | Bayer Ag | Katalysator, dessen herstellung und verwendung zur loesungspolymerisation von butadien |
IT1140452B (it) | 1981-09-25 | 1986-09-24 | Anic Spa | Procedimento per la polimerizzazione di diolefine coniugate e mezzi adatti allo scopo |
IT1164238B (it) | 1983-05-25 | 1987-04-08 | Anic Spa | Procedimento per la polimerizzazione del butadiene |
JPS6040109A (ja) * | 1983-08-15 | 1985-03-02 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | ポリブタジエンおよびその製造方法 |
SU1539199A1 (ru) * | 1987-07-27 | 1990-01-30 | Институт нефтехимических процессов им.Ю.Г.Мамедалиева | Каталитическа композици дл полимеризации бутадиена |
GB8830007D0 (en) | 1988-12-22 | 1989-02-15 | Enichem Elastomers | Polymerization of butadiene |
EP0447066B2 (en) | 1990-03-02 | 2000-08-16 | Bridgestone Corporation | Pneumatic tyres |
GB9119234D0 (en) | 1991-09-09 | 1991-10-23 | Enichem Elastomers Ltd | Conjugated diene polymerisation |
RU2028309C1 (ru) * | 1993-07-05 | 1995-02-09 | Акционерное общество открытого типа "Ефремовский завод синтетического каучука" | Способ получения цис-полибутадиена |
DE4406947A1 (de) | 1994-03-03 | 1995-09-07 | Bayer Ag | Schwefel-/Silizium-haltige Verstärkungsadditive enthaltende Kautschukmischungen |
DE4435311A1 (de) | 1994-10-01 | 1996-04-04 | Huels Silicone Gmbh | Verstärkungsadditive |
RU95105684A (ru) * | 1995-04-12 | 1996-11-20 | Акционерное общество открытого типа - "Ефремовский завод синтетического каучука" | Способ получения полимеров и сополимеров сопряженных диенов |
MX9603304A (es) | 1995-09-23 | 1997-03-29 | Degussa | Proceso para la produccion de mezclas de caucho vulcanizables. |
DE19544469A1 (de) | 1995-09-23 | 1997-03-27 | Degussa | Organosilanverbindungen und Kieselsäure enthaltende vulkanisierbare Kautschukmischungen und Verfahren zur Herstellung |
DE69714663T2 (de) * | 1996-06-28 | 2003-04-10 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Polybutadien |
BR9902609B1 (pt) | 1999-05-27 | 2010-08-10 | processo para a preparação de neodecanoato de neodìmio, processo para a preparação de um sistema catalìtico homogêneo de coordenação, processo para polimerização em solução para a preparação de polibutadieno de alto teor de ligações 1,4-cis. | |
KR100352764B1 (ko) * | 2000-03-16 | 2002-09-16 | 금호석유화학 주식회사 | 신규한 단분자 니오디뮴 카르복실레이트 화합물 및 이를포함하는 디엔 중합용 촉매 |
DE10037076A1 (de) * | 2000-07-27 | 2002-02-07 | Bayer Ag | Polybutadiene mit verringertem Verhältnis Lösungsviskosität/ Mooney-Viskosität |
EP1370593B1 (en) | 2001-02-28 | 2006-07-26 | Bridgestone Corporation | Continuous process for the production of conjugated diene polymers having narrow molecular weight distribution and products therefrom |
US6780948B2 (en) * | 2002-03-28 | 2004-08-24 | The Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company | Synthesis of polyisoprene with neodymium catalyst |
JP4075533B2 (ja) * | 2002-08-30 | 2008-04-16 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 共役ジエン重合触媒、その製造方法および共役ジエン重合体の製造方法 |
MXPA05008841A (es) * | 2003-02-21 | 2005-10-18 | Dow Global Technologies Inc | Proceso para homo- o copolimerizacion de olefinas conjugadas. |
JP4333181B2 (ja) * | 2003-03-27 | 2009-09-16 | 宇部興産株式会社 | ゴム組成物 |
CN1528794A (zh) * | 2003-09-25 | 2004-09-15 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 稀土顺丁橡胶分子质量分布的调节方法 |
US7094849B2 (en) * | 2003-12-15 | 2006-08-22 | Bridgestone Corporation | Bulk polymerization process for producing polydienes |
EP2311889A1 (de) * | 2009-10-16 | 2011-04-20 | LANXESS Deutschland GmbH | Neodym-katalysierte Polybutadiene |
-
2009
- 2009-10-16 EP EP09173297A patent/EP2311889A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2010
- 2010-10-14 CN CN201080046732.4A patent/CN102574955B/zh active Active
- 2010-10-14 BR BR112012008782-7A patent/BR112012008782B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-10-14 HU HUE10763728A patent/HUE036937T2/hu unknown
- 2010-10-14 ES ES10763728.2T patent/ES2661064T3/es active Active
- 2010-10-14 EP EP10763728.2A patent/EP2488561B1/de active Active
- 2010-10-14 US US13/500,440 patent/US20120208964A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-10-14 PL PL10763728T patent/PL2488561T3/pl unknown
- 2010-10-14 KR KR1020127012473A patent/KR101393830B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2010-10-14 WO PCT/EP2010/065461 patent/WO2011045393A1/de active Application Filing
- 2010-10-14 MX MX2012004362A patent/MX2012004362A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2010-10-14 RU RU2012119827/04A patent/RU2554351C9/ru active
- 2010-10-14 JP JP2012533639A patent/JP5577406B2/ja active Active
- 2010-10-15 TW TW099135151A patent/TWI488867B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2012
- 2012-04-13 ZA ZA2012/02719A patent/ZA201202719B/en unknown
-
2013
- 2013-04-11 US US13/860,892 patent/US8846837B2/en active Active
-
2014
- 2014-08-27 US US14/470,287 patent/US9279025B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4533711A (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1985-08-06 | Bridgestone Tire Company Limited | Polybutadiene rubber compositions having improved green strength |
CN1342719A (zh) * | 2001-10-12 | 2002-04-03 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 稀土催化体系及其催化丁二烯顺式聚合工艺 |
CN1347923A (zh) * | 2001-10-12 | 2002-05-08 | 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 | 稀土催化体系及丁二烯聚合工艺 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2488561B1 (de) | 2017-12-20 |
EP2488561A1 (de) | 2012-08-22 |
KR20120091216A (ko) | 2012-08-17 |
US20140364573A1 (en) | 2014-12-11 |
RU2012119827A (ru) | 2013-11-27 |
US20120208964A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
JP2013507510A (ja) | 2013-03-04 |
ZA201202719B (en) | 2013-09-25 |
US8846837B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
JP5577406B2 (ja) | 2014-08-20 |
RU2554351C9 (ru) | 2016-06-20 |
US20130237669A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
HUE036937T2 (hu) | 2018-08-28 |
US9279025B2 (en) | 2016-03-08 |
BR112012008782A8 (pt) | 2018-06-12 |
CN102574955A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
TW201129577A (en) | 2011-09-01 |
RU2554351C2 (ru) | 2015-06-27 |
WO2011045393A1 (de) | 2011-04-21 |
BR112012008782B1 (pt) | 2020-02-11 |
KR101393830B1 (ko) | 2014-05-12 |
MX2012004362A (es) | 2012-05-29 |
CN102574955B (zh) | 2014-04-30 |
BR112012008782A2 (pt) | 2018-04-17 |
PL2488561T3 (pl) | 2018-06-29 |
ES2661064T3 (es) | 2018-03-27 |
EP2311889A1 (de) | 2011-04-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
TWI488867B (zh) | 經釹催化之聚丁二烯 | |
US8557915B2 (en) | Process for producing conjugated diene polymer, conjugated diene polymer, and rubber composition | |
KR102009776B1 (ko) | 무니 점프를 갖는 고-무니 ndbr | |
EP1842875B1 (en) | Process for production of polybutadiene rubber and rubber compositions | |
TWI506038B (zh) | 雙峰NdBR | |
WO2006049016A1 (ja) | 共役ジエン重合体の重合用触媒及びそれを用いた共役ジエン重合体の製造方法、タイヤ用ゴム組成物並びにゴルフボール用ゴム組成物 | |
US10633470B2 (en) | Method of producing a conjugated diene polymer, a modified conjugated diene polymer, and a vinyl cis-polybutadiene composition | |
JP2016540080A (ja) | シス−1,4−ポリブタジエンとシンジオタクチック1,2−ポリブタジエンのブレンドを調製するプロセス | |
JP7238154B2 (ja) | 変性高シスポリジエンポリマー、関連する方法及びゴム組成物 | |
CN113906058B (zh) | 改性的高顺式聚丁二烯聚合物、相关方法和橡胶组合物 | |
JP2002030110A (ja) | 変性共役ジエン系重合体、その製造方法およびゴム組成物 | |
JP2017132959A (ja) | ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
JP5678764B2 (ja) | ビニル・シス−ポリブタジエンゴムの製造方法及びビニル・シス−ポリブタジエンゴム | |
JPWO2019163870A1 (ja) | ゴム組成物 | |
JP2017132957A (ja) | ゴム組成物およびタイヤ | |
JP2017132958A (ja) | ゴム組成物及びタイヤ | |
JPWO2020054707A1 (ja) | ゴム組成物及びタイヤ |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |