TWI439268B - 雌激素受體調節劑及其用途 - Google Patents
雌激素受體調節劑及其用途 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI439268B TWI439268B TW100133283A TW100133283A TWI439268B TW I439268 B TWI439268 B TW I439268B TW 100133283 A TW100133283 A TW 100133283A TW 100133283 A TW100133283 A TW 100133283A TW I439268 B TWI439268 B TW I439268B
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- Prior art keywords
- phenyl
- acrylic acid
- indazol
- chloro
- fluoro
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 88
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- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 29
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- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N monobenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
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- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000007474 aortic aneurysm Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000002672 hepatitis B Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 231100000359 cholestasis Toxicity 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PAAUSJRJCJHNJT-LVMHYTKUSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 PAAUSJRJCJHNJT-LVMHYTKUSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 208000024535 susceptibility to myocardial infarction Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004304 oxazol-5-yl group Chemical group O1C=NC=C1* 0.000 claims 3
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzopyrrole Natural products C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- TUMMXIVJPZXKBO-TUJULSABSA-N (e)-3-[2-chloro-4-[(z)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C(Cl)=C1 TUMMXIVJPZXKBO-TUJULSABSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HOAPRJAOYTZQCB-JSLWQCDDSA-N (e)-3-[3-fluoro-4-[(z)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(/C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1F HOAPRJAOYTZQCB-JSLWQCDDSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RVYPZRNHFSCZEI-HLFSCZJQSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)-2-(4-methoxy-2-methylphenyl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC)C=C(C)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 RVYPZRNHFSCZEI-HLFSCZJQSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WKSFDHJTQLNTKL-JGDCARROSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(C)C=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 WKSFDHJTQLNTKL-JGDCARROSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- AXEAZDVBFMLOLG-ZGCBMYLXSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)-4-methoxy-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CCOC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 AXEAZDVBFMLOLG-ZGCBMYLXSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IBQKMYOYOWDISZ-YPDDZMIBSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-1-(4-fluoro-1h-indazol-5-yl)-2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=C(C)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)F)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 IBQKMYOYOWDISZ-YPDDZMIBSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HMRPAKZNRVAKLG-BJTNWVBWSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-1-(4-fluoro-1h-indazol-5-yl)-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)F)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 HMRPAKZNRVAKLG-BJTNWVBWSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WCWAIVPTMUKHHI-OICJBESASA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-1-(6-chloro-1h-indazol-5-yl)-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C(=CC=2NN=CC=2C=1)Cl)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 WCWAIVPTMUKHHI-OICJBESASA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DFPJANHGZMAQJR-HBACUYKESA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-fluoro-1-(4-fluoro-1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(/C=C/C(=O)O)=CC=C1C(\C=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)F)=C(\CCF)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl DFPJANHGZMAQJR-HBACUYKESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SDTGDKAKBYALSL-KJGLQBJMSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=C(F)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 SDTGDKAKBYALSL-KJGLQBJMSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- YCUVMBGXVZJVSY-KJGLQBJMSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C(F)=CC=C(F)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 YCUVMBGXVZJVSY-KJGLQBJMSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- JPASJZBSQRCKGO-BNLNVERLSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound ClC=1C=CC=C(Cl)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 JPASJZBSQRCKGO-BNLNVERLSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ABNRIGHTJXRAFU-BNLNVERLSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2-chloro-3-fluorophenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC(F)=C(Cl)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 ABNRIGHTJXRAFU-BNLNVERLSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UQXKOQGOAQVMOE-LPOJXSLPSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=C(Cl)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NN(C)C2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 UQXKOQGOAQVMOE-LPOJXSLPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BURHGPHDEVGCEZ-KJGLQBJMSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=C(Cl)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 BURHGPHDEVGCEZ-KJGLQBJMSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ATBQANQGSCAUNI-KJGLQBJMSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-1-[1-(difluoromethyl)indazol-5-yl]but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=C(Cl)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C(F)F)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 ATBQANQGSCAUNI-KJGLQBJMSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- KHAIVUVDUMXYNX-FAXREOPTSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2-cyclopropyl-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)ethenyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(/C=C/C(=O)O)=CC=C1C(\C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)=C(C=1C(=CC(F)=CC=1)Cl)\C1CC1 KHAIVUVDUMXYNX-FAXREOPTSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DGHCWNGVDJYQKJ-ZQZJUCKISA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-4-fluoro-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(/C=C/C(=O)O)=CC=C1C(\C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)=C(\CCF)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1Cl DGHCWNGVDJYQKJ-ZQZJUCKISA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GHGOQVWUWPIZAU-LPOJXSLPSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2-chloro-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(OC)C=C(Cl)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 GHGOQVWUWPIZAU-LPOJXSLPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ACMFLSSHHVCGTC-KJGLQBJMSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2-chloro-5-fluorophenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C(F)=CC=C(Cl)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 ACMFLSSHHVCGTC-KJGLQBJMSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QQEOPSGOJJEEMK-LPOJXSLPSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(2-chloro-5-methoxyphenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C(OC)=CC=C(Cl)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 QQEOPSGOJJEEMK-LPOJXSLPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- UMWYZUZCAXKTFP-XVFKSGQCSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(3-butoxyphenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC1=CC=CC(C(\CC)=C(/C=2C=CC(\C=C\C(O)=O)=CC=2)C=2C=C3C=NNC3=CC=2)=C1 UMWYZUZCAXKTFP-XVFKSGQCSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WOTVCZFAULPMNY-YPDDZMIBSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-1-(4-fluoro-1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=C(C)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)F)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 WOTVCZFAULPMNY-YPDDZMIBSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZAHGMGPWRINUDV-XXMGVWMESA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-2-cyclopropyl-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)ethenyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1\C(C1CC1)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)/C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 ZAHGMGPWRINUDV-XXMGVWMESA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FKFFBCYANWWUGF-OCCQGNCUSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 FKFFBCYANWWUGF-OCCQGNCUSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SRJSMUBSEVISSQ-DKXRTFGMSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(4-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C=C(C)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 SRJSMUBSEVISSQ-DKXRTFGMSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NAZJXNRRWPRGRS-DKXRTFGMSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(F)C(C)=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 NAZJXNRRWPRGRS-DKXRTFGMSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SYJFHFAYTHIOAZ-OCCQGNCUSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 SYJFHFAYTHIOAZ-OCCQGNCUSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QUUMNHARARIGRU-KYWDJWAXSA-N (e)-3-[4-[(e)-2-(5-fluoro-2-methylphenyl)-1-(1h-indazol-5-yl)but-1-enyl]phenyl]prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C(F)=CC=C(C)C=1C(/CC)=C(C=1C=C2C=NNC2=CC=1)\C1=CC=C(\C=C\C(O)=O)C=C1 QUUMNHARARIGRU-KYWDJWAXSA-N 0.000 claims 1
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- XLMPPFTZALNBFS-INIZCTEOSA-N vorozole Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C2=CC=C3N=NN(C3=C2)C)N2N=CN=C2)=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 XLMPPFTZALNBFS-INIZCTEOSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DVPVGSLIUJPOCJ-XXRQFBABSA-N x1j761618a Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O.C([C@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C([C@]45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(=O)CN(C)C)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(=O)OC)N3C)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1NC1=CC=CC=C21.C([C@H](C[C@]1(C(=O)OC)C=2C(=CC3=C([C@]45[C@H]([C@@]([C@H](OC(=O)CN(C)C)[C@]6(CC)C=CCN([C@H]56)CC4)(O)C(=O)OC)N3C)C=2)OC)C[C@@](C2)(O)CC)N2CCC2=C1NC1=CC=CC=C21 DVPVGSLIUJPOCJ-XXRQFBABSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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Description
本文闡述化合物(包含其醫藥上可接受之鹽、溶劑合物、代謝物、前藥)、製備該等化合物之方法、包括該等化合物之醫藥組合物、及使用該等化合物治療、預防或診斷雌激素敏感性、雌激素受體依賴性或雌激素受體介導性疾病或病狀之方法。
本申請案主張以下文件之權利:2010年9月16日提出申請之標題為「ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF」之美國臨時專利申請案第61/383,659號、2010年11月5日提出申請之標題為「ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF」之美國臨時專利申請案第61/410,727號、2011年2月25日提出申請之標題為「ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF」之美國臨時專利申請案第61/446,967號、2011年3月15日提出申請之標題為「ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF」之英國專利申請案第1104288.4號;每一者之全部內容皆以引用方式併入本文中。
雌激素受體(「ER」)係配體激活之轉錄調節蛋白,其經由其與內源性雌激素之相互作用來調介各種生物效應之誘導。內源性雌激素包含17β-雌二醇及雌酮。已發現ER具有兩種同種型ER-α及ER-β。雌激素及雌激素受體與諸多疾病或病狀有關,例如乳癌、卵巢癌、結腸癌、前列腺癌、子宮內膜癌、子宮癌、以及其他疾病或病狀。
在一態樣中,本文呈現式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其減小雌激素與雌激素受體之效應及/或降低雌激素受體之濃度,且由此作為藥劑用於治療或預防以下疾病或病狀:其中雌激素及/或雌激素受體之作用涉及疾病或病狀之病原學或病理學或導致該疾病或病狀之至少一種症狀且其中雌激素及/或雌激素受體之該等作用係不期望的。在一些實施例中,本文所揭示化合物係雌激素受體降解劑化合物。
在一態樣中,式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物用於治療ER相關性疾病或病狀,該等疾病或病狀包含但不限於與癌症(例如骨癌、乳癌、結腸直腸癌、子宮內膜癌、前列腺癌、卵巢癌及子宮癌)有關之ER-α功能障礙、平滑肌瘤(例如子宮平滑肌瘤)、中樞神經系統(CNS)缺陷(例如酒精中毒、偏頭痛)、心血管系統缺陷(例如主動脈瘤、心肌梗塞易感性、主動脈瓣硬化、心血管疾病、冠狀動脈病、高血壓)、血液學系統缺陷(例如深靜脈栓塞)、免疫及發炎疾病(例如格雷夫斯病(Graves' Disease)、關節炎、多發性硬化、肝硬化)、感染敏感性(例如B型肝炎、慢性肝病)、代謝缺陷(例如骨密度、膽汁淤積、尿道下裂、肥胖症、骨關節炎、骨質減少、骨質疏鬆症)、神經缺陷(例如阿滋海默氏病(Alzheimer's disease)、帕金森氏病(Parkinson's disease)、偏頭痛、眩暈)、精神病學缺陷(例如神經性厭食、注意力缺乏過動症(ADHD)、癡呆、嚴重抑鬱症、精神病)及再生缺陷(例如初經年齡、子宮內膜異位症、不育)。
在一態樣中,本文闡述式(I)化合物、其醫藥上可接受之鹽、溶劑合物、N-氧化物、代謝物及前藥。式(I)化合物係雌激素受體調節劑。在一些實施例中,式(I)化合物係雌激素受體拮抗劑。在一些實施例中,式(I)化合物係雌激素受體降解劑。在一些實施例中,式(I)化合物係雌激素受體拮抗劑以及雌激素受體降解劑。在一些實施例中,式(I)化合物顯示最小雌激素受體激動劑活性或沒有雌激素受體激動劑活性。在一些實施例中,在治療癌症之背景下,式(I)化合物提供改良之治療活性,其特徵在於完全或長久之腫瘤消退、產生治療抗性之發生率或速率較低、及/或腫瘤侵襲性有所減小。
在一態樣中,本文提供式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
其中,Z係-OH或-OR10
;R2
係C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、C1
-C4
氘烷基、C3
-C6
環烷基、或-C1
-C4
伸烷基-W;W係羥基、鹵素、CN、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
鹵烷基、C1
-C4
烷氧基、C1
-C4
鹵烷氧基、或C3
-C6
環烷基;各R3
獨立地係鹵素、C1
-C4
烷基、或C1
-C4
氟烷基;各R4
獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OR9
、-S(=O)2
R10
、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、或C1
-C4
雜烷基;各R5
獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OR9
、-S(O)2
R10
、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、或C1
-C4
雜烷基;R6
係H、C1
-C4
烷基、或鹵素;R7
係H、C1
-C4
烷基、或鹵素;R9
係H、C1
-C6
烷基、C1
-C6
氟烷基、或C3
-C6
環烷基;R10
係C1
-C6
烷基;m為0、1、或2;n為0、1、2、3、或4;且p為0、1、或2。
在一些實施例中,式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物具有式(II)之結構,或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物。
在一些實施例中,式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽係表1中闡述之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
在整個說明書中,可由熟習此領域者選擇其基團及取代基以提供穩定部分及化合物。
本文所揭示化合物係雌激素受體調節劑。在一些實施例中,本文所揭示化合物對雌激素受體具有高特異性且具有期望之組織選擇性藥理學活性。期望之組織選擇性藥理學活性包含但不限於乳房細胞中之ER拮抗劑活性及子宮細胞中之最小ER激動劑活性或沒有ER激動劑活性。在一些實施例中,本文所揭示化合物係雌激素受體降解劑,其顯示完全雌激素受體拮抗劑活性且具有可忽略或最小之雌激素受體激動劑活性。
在一些實施例中,本文所揭示化合物係雌激素受體降解劑。在一些實施例中,本文所揭示化合物係雌激素受體拮抗劑。在一些實施例中,本文所揭示化合物具有最小或可忽略之雌激素受體激動劑活性。
在一些實施例中,本文呈現選自以下之化合物:式(I)化合物之活性代謝物、互變異構體、醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物、醫藥上可接受之鹽或前藥。
亦闡述醫藥組合物,其包括治療有效量之式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物。在一些實施例中,醫藥組合物亦含有至少一種醫藥上可接受之惰性成份。在一些實施例中,醫藥組合物經調配用於靜脈內注射、皮下注射、經口投與、或局部投與。在一些實施例中,醫藥組合物係錠劑、丸劑、膠囊、液體、懸浮液、凝膠、分散液、懸浮液、溶液、乳液、軟膏、或洗劑。
在一些實施例中,醫藥組合物進一步包括一或多種選自以下之其他治療活性劑:皮質類固醇、止吐劑、鎮痛藥、抗癌藥、抗發炎藥、激酶抑制劑、抗體、HSP90抑制劑、組蛋白脫乙醯基酶(HDAC)抑制劑、聚ADP-核糖聚合酶(PARP)抑制劑、及芳香酶抑制劑。
在一些實施例中,本文提供一種方法,其包括向患有雌激素敏感性、雌激素受體介導性或雌激素受體依賴性疾病或病狀之人類投與式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物。在一些實施例中,除式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物外,已向人類投與一或多種其他治療活性劑。在一些實施例中,該方法進一步包括投與一或多種除式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物外之其他治療活性劑。
在一些實施例中,除式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物外,一或多種其他治療活性劑選自:皮質類固醇、止吐劑、鎮痛劑、抗癌劑、抗發炎藥、激酶抑制劑、抗體、HSP90抑制劑、組蛋白脫乙醯基酶(HDAC)抑制劑、及芳香酶抑制劑。
在一些實施例中,該等方法進一步包括向哺乳動物投與放射療法。在某些實施例中,在外科手術之前或之後投與該等方法之化合物。在某些實施例中,該等方法包括向哺乳動物投與至少一種其他抗癌劑。
在一些實施例中,提供治療哺乳動物癌症之方法,其包括向該哺乳動物投與治療有效量之式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物。在某些實施例中,癌症係乳癌、卵巢癌、子宮內膜癌、前列腺癌、子宮癌、子宮頸癌或肺癌。在某些實施例中,癌症係乳癌。在某些實施例中,癌症係激素依賴性癌症。在某些實施例中,癌症係雌激素受體依賴性癌症。在某些實施例中,癌症係雌激素敏感性癌症。在某些實施例中,癌症抵抗抗激素治療。在某些實施例中,癌症係雌激素敏感性癌症或雌激素受體依賴性癌症,抵抗抗激素治療。在一些實施例中,抗激素治療包含使用至少一種選自以下之藥劑治療:他莫昔芬(tamoxifen)、氟維司群(fulvestrant)、類固醇芳香酶抑制劑、及非類固醇芳香酶抑制劑。在一些實施例中,該等方法進一步包括向哺乳動物投與放射療法。在某些實施例中,在外科手術之前或之後投與該等方法之化合物。在某些實施例中,該等方法包括向哺乳動物投與至少一種其他抗癌劑。
在一些實施例中,提供治療在抗雌激素療法後具有疾病進展之停經後女性之激素受體陽性轉移性乳癌的方法,其包括向該女性投與式(I)之雌激素受體降解化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物。在一些實施例中,該等方法進一步包括向哺乳動物投與放射療法。在某些實施例中,在外科手術之前或之後投與該等方法之化合物。在某些實施例中,該等方法包括向哺乳動物投與至少一種其他抗癌劑。
在一些實施例中,提供治療哺乳動物乳房或生殖道之激素依賴性良性或惡性疾病的方法,其包括向該哺乳動物投與有效量之式(I)化合物、其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物。在某些實施例中,良性或惡性疾病係乳癌。在一些實施例中,該等方法進一步包括向哺乳動物投與放射療法。在某些實施例中,在外科手術之前或之後投與該等方法之化合物。在某些實施例中,該等方法包括向哺乳動物投與至少一種其他抗癌劑。
在一些實施例中,使用式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物來治療在抗雌激素療法後具有疾病進展之停經後女性之激素受體陽性轉移性乳癌。在一些實施例中,使用化合物來治療哺乳動物中乳房或生殖道之激素依賴性良性或惡性疾病。
亦提供減小哺乳動物中之ER活化之方法,其包括向該哺乳動物投與至少一種具有式(I)結構之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物。在一些實施例中,該方法包括減小哺乳動物中乳房細胞、卵巢細胞、結腸細胞、前列腺細胞、子宮內膜細胞、或子宮細胞中之ER活化。在一些實施例中,減小哺乳動物中ER活化之方法包括減小哺乳動物中雌激素與雌激素受體之結合。在一些實施例中,減小哺乳動物中ER活化之方法包括減小哺乳動物中之ER濃度。
一態樣係式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物在製造藥劑中之用途,該藥劑用於治療雌激素敏感性、雌激素受體依賴性或雌激素受體介導性疾病或病狀。在一些實施例中,該疾病或病狀係乳癌、卵巢癌、結腸癌、前列腺癌、子宮內膜癌、或子宮癌。在一些實施例中,該疾病或病狀係哺乳動物之以下疾病或病狀:骨癌、乳癌、結腸直腸癌、子宮內膜癌、前列腺癌、卵巢癌、子宮癌、子宮頸癌、肺癌、酒精中毒、偏頭痛、主動脈瘤、心肌梗塞易感性、主動脈瓣硬化、心血管疾病、冠狀動脈病、高血壓、深靜脈栓塞、格雷夫斯病、關節炎、多發性硬化、肝硬化、B型肝炎、慢性肝病、骨密度、膽汁淤積、尿道下裂、肥胖症、骨關節炎、骨質減少、骨質疏鬆症、阿滋海默氏病、帕金森氏病、偏頭痛、眩暈、神經性厭食、注意力缺乏過動症(ADHD)、癡呆、嚴重抑鬱症、精神病、初經年齡、子宮內膜異位症、或不育。在一些實施例中,該疾病或病狀闡述於本文中。
在一些情形中,本文揭示式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物在治療或預防雌激素敏感性、雌激素受體依賴性或雌激素受體介導性疾病或病狀中之用途。在一些實施例中,該疾病或病狀闡述於本文中。
在本文所揭示實施例中之任一者中,哺乳動物係人類。
在一些實施例中,使用本文所提供化合物來減小、減輕、或消除雌激素受體之活性。
自以下詳細說明可明瞭本文所述化合物、方法及組合物之其他目的、特徵及優點。然而,應理解,詳細說明及具體實例儘管指示具體實施例,但僅以闡釋性方式給出,此乃因彼等熟習此項技術者自此詳細說明可明瞭涵蓋於本發明之精神及範圍內的各種變化及修改。
雌激素受體α(ER-α;NR3A1)及雌激素受體β(ER-β;NR3A2)係類固醇激素受體,其係大型細胞核受體超家族之成員。細胞核受體共用常見模塊化結構,其至少包含DNA結合結構域(DBD)及配體結合結構域(LBD)。類固醇激素受體係用作調節配體之轉錄因子的可溶性細胞內蛋白。脊椎動物含有5個密切相關之類固醇激素受體(雌激素受體、雄激素受體、孕激素受體、糖皮質激素受體、鹽皮質激素受體),該等受體調節各種再生、代謝及發育活性。藉由結合內源性雌激素(包含17β-雌二醇及雌酮)來控制ER之活性。
ER-α基因位於6q25.1上且編碼595 AA蛋白。ER-β基因位於染色體14q23.3上且產生530 AA蛋白。然而,由於交替剪接及轉譯起始位點,該等基因中之每一者可產生多個同種型。除DNA結合結構域(稱為C結構域)及配體結合結構域(E結構域)外,該等受體含有N-末端(A/B)結構域、連接C及E結構域之鉸鏈(D)結構域、及C-末端擴展(F結構域)(Gronemeyer及Laudet;Protein Profile 2: 1173-1308,1995)。儘管ER-α及ER-β之C及E結構域相當保守(分別係95%及55%之胺基酸一致性),但A/B、D及F結構域之保守性較差(低於30%之胺基酸一致性)。兩種受體均涉及女性生殖道之調節及發育,且亦在中樞神經系統、心血管系統及骨代謝中發揮不同作用。
類固醇激素受體之配體結合袋深深地埋入配體結合結構域內。結合後,配體變成此結構域之疏水性核心的一部分。因此,大部分類固醇激素受體在不存在激素時不穩定,且需要來自伴侶蛋白(例如Hsp90)之援助以維持激素結合能力。與Hsp90之相互作用亦控制該等受體之核轉位。配體結合會穩定受體並引起以下相繼構象變化:釋放伴侶蛋白,改變各種受體結構域與使該等受體轉位至細胞核中之重構蛋白相互作用表面之間的相互作用,結合DNA並參與染色體重建複合物與轉錄機構之相互作用。儘管ER可與Hsp90相互作用,但此相互作用並非激素結合所需,且端視細胞環境而定,apo-ER可為細胞質性及細胞核性。生物物理學研究表明,DNA結合(而非配體結合)會促進受體之穩定性(Greenfield等人,Biochemistry 40: 6646-6652,2001)。
ER可直接藉由結合至特異性DNA序列基序(稱為雌激素反應元件(ERE))(典型路徑)、或間接地經由蛋白質-蛋白質相互作用(非典型路徑)來與DNA相互作用(Welboren等人,Endocrine-Related Cancer 16: 1073-1089,2009)。在非典型路徑中,ER已顯示結合至包含SP-1、AP-1及NF-κB之其他轉錄因子。該等相互作用似乎對於ER調節細胞增殖及分化之能力發揮重要作用。
兩種類型之ER DNA相互作用均可造成基因活化或抑制,視各別ER-ERE複合物募集之轉錄輔助調節劑而定(Klinge,Steroid 65: 227-251,2000)。輔助調節劑之募集主要由兩種蛋白相互作用表面AF2及AF1調介。AF2位於ERE結構域中,且其構象直接由配體調節(Brzozowski等人,Nature 389: 753-758,1997)。完全激動劑似乎促進輔助活化劑之募集,而弱激動劑及拮抗劑促進輔助抑制劑之結合。AF1對於蛋白質之調節較不完全理解,但可由絲胺酸磷酸化控制(Ward及Weigel,Biofactors 35: 528-536,2009)。相關磷酸化位點之一(S118)在諸如他莫昔芬等拮抗劑存在下似乎控制ER之轉錄活性,此在乳癌治療中發揮重要作用。儘管完全激動劑似乎阻止某些構象之ER,但弱激動劑傾向維持ER在不同構象之間平衡,而使輔助調節劑譜中有細胞依賴性差異以藉由細胞依賴性方式調節ER之活性(Tamrazi等人,Mol. Endocrinol. 17: 2593-2602,2003)。ER與DNA之相互作用係動態的,且包含(但不限於)蛋白酶體對於ER之降解(Reid等人,Mol Cell 11: 695-707,2003)。配體對於ER之降解提供具有吸引力之治療策略,用於對雌激素敏感及/或抵抗可用抗激素治療之疾病或病狀。
ER信號傳導對於女性生殖器官(包含乳房)之發育及維持、排卵及子宮內膜之增厚至關重要。ER信號傳導亦在骨質量、脂質代謝、癌症等中發揮作用。約70%之乳癌表現ER-α(ER-α陽性),且依賴於生長及存活之雌激素。亦認為其他癌症依賴於生長及存活之ER-α信號傳導,例如卵巢癌及子宮內膜癌。已使用ER-α拮抗劑他莫昔芬來治療停經前及停經後女性之早期及晚期ER-α陽性乳癌。使用氟維司群(FaslodexTM
,基於類固醇之ER拮抗劑)來治療女性已用他莫昔芬治療而仍進展的乳癌。亦使用類固醇及非類固醇芳香酶抑制劑來治療人類之癌症。在一些實施例中,類固醇及非類固醇芳香酶抑制劑阻斷停經後女性中雌激素由雄烯二酮及睾酮產生,由此阻斷癌症中之ER依賴性生長。除該等抗激素劑外,在一些情形下,使用各種其他化學治療劑(例如蒽環素、鉑、紫杉烷)來治療進行性ER陽性乳癌。在一些情形下,使用單株抗體曲妥珠單抗(trastuzumab)(HerceptinTM
)或小分子pan-ERB-B抑制劑拉帕替尼(lapatinib)來治療具有ERB-B/HER2酪胺酸激酶受體之基因擴增的ER陽性乳癌。儘管使用此組抗激素、化學治療及小分子及基於抗體之靶向療法,但許多患有ER-α陽性乳房之女性發生進行性轉移性疾病且需要新療法。重要地,在現有抗激素以及其他療法中進展之大部分ER陽性腫瘤被認為仍依賴於生長及存活之ER-α。因此,需要在轉移性疾病及獲得抗性環境中具有活性的新ER-α靶向藥劑。
在一態樣中,本文闡述選擇性雌激素受體調節劑(SERM)化合物。在具體實施例中,本文所述之SERM係選擇性雌激素受體降解劑(SERD)。在一些實施例中,在基於細胞之分析中,本文所述化合物會減小穩態ER-α含量(亦即ER降解),且用於治療雌激素敏感性疾病或病狀及/或對抗激素療法產生抗性之疾病或病狀。在一些實施例中,本文所揭示化合物將細胞核中雌激素受體之含量降至最低。
考慮到ER-α在乳癌產生及進展中之核心作用,本文所揭示化合物單獨或與調節乳癌中之其他關鍵路徑之其他藥劑組合用於治療乳癌,該等藥劑包含但不限於彼等靶向IGF1R、EGFR、erB-B2及3、PI3K/AKT/mTOR軸、HSP90、PARP或組蛋白脫乙醯基酶者。
考慮到ER-α在乳癌產生及進展中之核心作用,本文所揭示化合物單獨或與用於治療乳癌之其他藥劑組合用於治療乳癌,該等藥劑包含但不限於芳香酶抑制劑、蒽環、鉑、氮芥烷基化試劑、紫杉烷。用於治療乳癌之例示性藥劑包含但不限於紫杉酚(paclitaxel)、阿那曲唑(anastrozole)、依西美坦(exemestane)、環磷醯胺(cyclophosphamide)、表柔比星(epirubicin)、氟維司群、來曲唑(letrozole)、吉西他濱(gemcitabine)、曲妥珠單抗、培非司亭(pegfilgrastim)、非格司亭(filgrastim)、他莫昔芬、多西紫杉醇(docetaxel)、托瑞米芬(toremifene)、長春瑞濱(vinorelbine)、卡培他濱(capecitabine)、伊沙匹隆(ixabepilone)、以及本文所述之其他藥劑。
ER相關性疾病或病狀(與本文所揭示藥劑治療性相關)包含亦與癌症(骨癌、乳癌、結腸直腸癌、子宮內膜癌、前列腺癌、卵巢及子宮癌)有關之ER-α功能障礙、平滑肌瘤(子宮平滑肌瘤)、中樞神經系統(CNS)缺陷(酒精中毒、偏頭痛)、心血管系統缺陷(主動脈瘤、心肌梗塞易感性、主動脈瓣硬化、心血管疾病、冠狀動脈病、高血壓)、血液學系統缺陷(深靜脈栓塞)、免疫及發炎疾病(格雷夫斯病、關節炎、多發性硬化、肝硬化)、感染敏感性(B型肝炎、慢性肝病)、代謝缺陷(骨密度、膽汁淤積、尿道下裂、肥胖症、骨關節炎、骨質減少、骨質疏鬆症)、神經缺陷(阿滋海默氏病、帕金森氏病、偏頭痛、眩暈)、精神病學缺陷(神經性厭食、注意力缺乏過動症(ADHD)、癡呆、嚴重抑鬱症、精神病)及再生缺陷(初經年齡、子宮內膜異位症、不育)。
在一些實施例中,使用本文所揭示化合物來治療哺乳動物之癌症。在一些實施例中,癌症係乳癌、卵巢癌、子宮內膜癌、前列腺癌、子宮癌、子宮頸癌或肺癌。在一些實施例中,癌症係乳癌。在一些實施例中,癌症係激素依賴性癌症。在一些實施例中,癌症係雌激素受體依賴性癌症。在一些實施例中,癌症係雌激素敏感性癌症。在一些實施例中,癌症會抵抗抗激素治療。在一些實施例中,癌症係抵抗抗激素治療之雌激素敏感性癌症或雌激素受體依賴性癌症。在一些實施例中,抗激素治療包含使用至少一種選自他莫昔芬、氟維司群、類固醇芳香酶抑制劑、及非類固醇芳香酶抑制劑之藥劑進行治療。
在一些實施例中,使用本文所揭示化合物來治療之在抗雌激素療法後具有疾病進展之停經後女性的激素受體陽性轉移性乳癌。
在一些實施例中,使用本文所揭示化合物來治療哺乳動物中乳房或生殖道之激素依賴性良性或惡性疾病。在一些實施例中,良性或惡性疾病係乳癌。
在一些實施例中,使用本文所揭示化合物來治療哺乳動物之癌症,其中該哺乳動物並未接受化學療法。
在一些實施例中,使用本文所揭示化合物來治療哺乳動物之癌症,其中使用至少一種抗癌藥來治療該哺乳動物之癌症。在一實施例中,癌症係激素難治性癌症。
在一些實施例中,使用本文所揭示化合物來治療哺乳動物之子宮內膜異位症。
在一些實施例中,使用本文所揭示化合物來治療哺乳動物之平滑肌瘤。在一些實施例中,平滑肌瘤係子宮平滑肌瘤、食道平滑肌瘤、皮膚平滑肌瘤或小腸平滑肌瘤。在一些實施例中,使用本文所揭示化合物來治療哺乳動物之纖維瘤(例如子宮纖維瘤)。
化合物:
式(I)化合物(包含其醫藥上可接受之鹽、前藥、活性代謝物及醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物)係雌激素受體調節劑。在具體實施例中,本文所述化合物係雌激素受體降解劑。在具體實施例中,本文所述化合物係雌激素受體拮抗劑。在具體實施例中,本文所述化合物係具有最小雌激素受體激動劑活性或沒有雌激素受體激動劑活性之雌激素受體降解劑及雌激素受體拮抗劑。
在一些實施例中,本文所揭示化合物係展現以下特徵之雌激素受體降解劑及雌激素受體拮抗劑:最小或沒有雌激素受體激動作用;及/或抵抗乳癌、卵巢癌、子宮內膜癌、子宮頸癌細胞系之抗增殖性活性;及/或在活體外抵抗乳癌、卵巢癌、子宮內膜癌、子宮頸細胞系之最大抗增殖性效能;及/或人類子宮內膜(Ishikawa)細胞系中之最小激動作用;及/或在人類子宮內膜(Ishikawa)細胞系中沒有激動作用;及/或在活體內不成熟大鼠子宮分析中具有最小或沒有激動作用;及/或活體內不成熟大鼠子宮分析中之逆激動作用;及/或活體內異種移植物分析中之乳癌、卵巢癌、子宮內膜癌、子宮頸癌細胞系或該等癌症之其他齧齒類動物模型中之抗腫瘤活性。
在一態樣中,本文提供式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
其中,Z係-OH或-OR10
;R2
係C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、C1
-C4
氘烷基、C3
-C6
環烷基、或-C1
-C4
伸烷基-W;W係羥基、鹵素、CN、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
鹵烷基、C1
-C4
烷氧基、C1
-C4
鹵烷氧基、或C3
-C6
環烷基;各R3
獨立地係鹵素、C1
-C4
烷基、或C1
-C4
氟烷基;各R4
獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OR9
、-S(=O)2
R10
、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、或C1
-C4
雜烷基;各R5
獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OR9
、-S(=O)2
R10
、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、或C1
-C4
雜烷基;R6
係H、C1
-C4
烷基、或鹵素;R7
係H、C1
-C4
烷基、或鹵素;R9
係H、C1
-C6
烷基、C1
-C6
氟烷基、或C3
-C6
環烷基;R10
係C1
-C6
烷基;m為0、1、或2;n為0、1、2、3、或4;且p為0、1、或2。
對於任一及所有實施例,取代基選自所列示替代之子組。舉例而言,在一些實施例中,Z係-OH。在一些實施例中,Z係-OR10
。在一些實施例中,Z係-OH、-OCH3
、或-OCH2
CH3
。
在一些實施例中,R6
係H、-CH3
、F、或Cl。在一些實施例中,R6
係H。
在一些實施例中,R7
係H、-CH3
、F、或Cl。在一些實施例中,R7
係H。
在一些實施例中,R9
係H、C1
-C6
烷基、或C1
-C6
氟烷基。在一些實施例中,R9
係H或C1
-C6
烷基。在一些實施例中,R9
係H。
應理解,R3
可存在於吲唑環系統之任一打開位置上。在一些實施例中,各R3
獨立地係鹵素、C1
-C4
烷基、或C1
-C4
氟烷基。在一些實施例中,各R3
獨立地係F、Cl、或-CH3
。
在一些實施例中,各R4
獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OH、-OR9
、-S(=O)2
R10
、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、C1
-C4
雜烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷氧基、或C1
-C4
烷氧基。在一些實施例中,各R4
獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OH、-S(=O)2
CH3
、-S(=O)2
CH2
CH3
、-CH3
、-CH2
CH3
、-CF3
、-CH2
OH、-OCF3
、-OCH3
、或-OCH2
CH3
。在一些實施例中,各R4
獨立地係F、Cl、-CN、-OH、-CH3
、-CH2
CH3
、-CF3
、-CH2
OH、-OCF3
、-OCH3
或-OCH2
CH3
。在一些實施例中,各R4
獨立地係F或Cl。
在一些實施例中,各R5
獨立地係鹵素、C1
-C4
烷基、或C1
-C4
氟烷基。在一些實施例中,各R5
獨立地係F、Cl、或-CH3
。
在一些實施例中,m為0或1。在一些實施例中,m為0。在一些實施例中,m為1。
在一些實施例中,n為0、1、或2。在一些實施例中,n為0。在一些實施例中,n為1。在一些實施例中,n為2。
在一些實施例中,p為0或1。在一些實施例中,p為0。在一些實施例中,p為1。
在一些實施例中,m為0;且p為0。
在一些實施例中,Z係-OH;R6
係H、-CH3
、F、或Cl;R7
係H、-CH3
、F、或Cl;各R3
獨立地係鹵素、C1
-C4
烷基、或C1
-C4
氟烷基;各R4
獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OH、-OR9
、-S(=O)2
R10
、C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、C1
-C4
雜烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷氧基、或C1
-C4
烷氧基;各R5
獨立地係鹵素、C1
-C4
烷基、或C1
-C4
氟烷基;m為0或1;n為0、1、或2;且p為0或1。
在一些實施例中,R2
係C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、C1
-C4
氘烷基、C3
-C6
環烷基、或-C1
-C4
伸烷基-W;W係羥基、鹵素、CN、C1
-C4
烷氧基、或C3
-C6
環烷基。在一些實施例中,R2
係C1
-C4
烷基、C1
-C4
氟烷基、或C1
-C4
氘烷基。在一些實施例中,R2
係C1
-C4
烷基。在一些實施例中,R2
係-CH3
、-CH2
CH3
、-CH2
CH2
CH3
、-CH(CH3
)2
、-CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
、-CH2
CH(CH3
)2
、-CH2
F、-CHF2
、-CF3
、-CH2
CF3
、-CD3
、-CH2
CD3
、-CD2
CD3
、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、-CH2
-W、或-CH2
CH2
-W;W係羥基、F、Cl、-CN、-OCH3
、-OCH2
CH3
、-OCH2
CH2
CH3
、-OCH(CH3
)2
、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、或環己基。在一些實施例中,W係羥基、F、Cl、-CN、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、或環己基。在一些實施例中,R2
係-CH3
、-CH2
CH3
、-CH2
CH2
CH3
、-CH(CH3
)2
、-CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
、-CH2
CH(CH3
)2
、-CH2
F、-CHF2
、-CF3
、-CH2
CF3
、-CD3
、-CH2
CD3
、-CD2
CD3
、-CH2
-W、或-CH2
CH2
-W。在一些實施例中,R2
係-CH3
、-CH2
CH3
、-CH2
F、-CHF2
、-CF3
、-CH2
CF3
、-CD3
、-CD2
CD3
、-CH2
CD3
、或環丙基。在一些實施例中,R2
係-CH2
CH3
、-CH2
CF3
、-CD2
CD3
、或-CH2
CD3
。在一些實施例中,R2
係-CH2
CH3
、-CD2
CD3
、或-CH2
CD3
。在一些實施例中,R2
係-CH2
CH3
。
在一些實施例中,Z係-OH;R6
係H;R7
係H;m為0;n為0、1、或2;且p為0。
在一些實施例中,式(I)化合物具有式(II)之結構、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
在一些實施例中,各R3
獨立地係F、Cl、或-CH3
;各R4
獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OH、-S(=O)2
CH3
、-S(=O)2
CH2
CH3
、-CH3
、-CH2
CH3
、-CF3
、-CH2
OH、-OCF3
、-OCH3
、或-OCH2
CH3
;各R5
獨立地係F、Cl、或-CH3
;m為0或1;n為0、1、或2;且p為0或1。
在一些實施例中,R2
係-CH3
、-CH2
CH3
、-CH2
CH2
CH3
、-CH(CH3
)2
、-CH2
CH2
CH2
CH3
、-CH2
CH(CH3
)2
、-CH2
F、-CHF2
、-CF3
、-CH2
CF3
、-CD3
、-CD2
CD3
、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、-CH2
-W、或-CH2
CH2
-W;W係羥基、F、Cl、-CN、-OCH3
、-OCH2
CH3
、-OCH2
CH2
CH3
、-OCH(CH3
)2
、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、或環己基。
在一些實施例中,W係羥基、F、Cl、-CN、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、或環己基;各R4
獨立地係F、Cl、-CN、-OH、-CH3
、-CF3
、-OCF3
、或-OCH3
;m為0;n為0、1、或2;且p為0。
在一些實施例中,R2
係-CH2
CH3
;各R4
獨立地係F、Cl、-CN、-OH、-CH3
、-CH2
CH3
、-CF3
、-CH2
OH、-OCF3
、-OCH3
、或-OCH2
CH3
;m為0;n為0、1、或2;且p為0。
在一些實施例中,式(I)或式(II)之化合物具有下列結構、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或其N-氧化物:
在一些實施例中,係苯基、2-氟苯基、3-氟苯基、4-氟苯基、2,3-二氟苯基、2,4-二氟苯基、2,5-二氟苯基、2,6-二氟苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2,3-二氯苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、2,5-二氯苯基、2,6-二氯苯基、2-溴苯基、3-溴苯基、4-溴苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、2-乙基苯基、3-乙基苯基、4-乙基苯基、2-甲氧基苯基、3-甲氧基苯基、4-甲氧基苯基、2-乙氧基苯基、3-乙氧基苯基、4-乙氧基苯基、2-三氟甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基、2-氰基苯基、3-氰基苯基、4-氰基苯基、2-氟-3-氯苯基、2-氟-4-氯苯基、2-氟-5-氯苯基、2-氟-6-氯苯基、2-氯-3-氟苯基、2-氯-4-氟苯基、2-氯-5-氟苯基、2-氯-6-氟苯基、2-甲基-3-氯苯基、2-甲基-4-氯苯基、2-甲基-5-氯苯基、2-甲基-6-氯苯基、2-甲基-3-氟苯基、2-甲基-4-氟苯基、2-甲基-5-氟苯基、2-甲基-6-氟苯基、3-甲基-4-氟苯基、2-三氟甲基-3-氯苯基、2-三氟甲基-4-氯苯基、2-三氟甲基-5-氯苯基、2-三氟甲基-6-氯苯基、2-羥基苯基、3-羥基苯基、4-羥基苯基、2-羥甲基苯基、3-羥甲基苯基、4-羥甲基苯基、2-甲基磺醯基苯基、3-甲基磺醯基苯基、或4-甲基磺醯基苯基。
在一些實施例中,係苯基、2-氟苯基、3-氟苯基、4-氟苯基、2,3-二氟苯基、2,4-二氟苯基、2,5-二氟苯基、2,6-二氟苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2,3-二氯苯基、2,4-二氯苯基、2,5-二氯苯基、2,6-二氯苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、2-三氟甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基、2-氟-3-氯苯基、2-氟-4-氯苯基、2-氟-5-氟苯基、2-氟-6-氯苯基、2-氯-3-氟苯基、2-氯-4-氟苯基、2-氯-5-氟苯基、2-氯-6-氟苯基、2-甲基-3-氯苯基、2-甲基-4-氯苯基、2-甲基-5-氯苯基、2-甲基-6-氯苯基、2-甲基-3-氟苯基、2-甲基-4-氟苯基、2-甲基-5-氟苯基、2-甲基-6-氟苯基、3-甲基-4-氟苯基、2-三氟甲基-3-氯苯基、2-三氟甲基-4-氯苯基、2-三氟甲基-5-氯苯基、或2-三氟甲基-6-氯苯基。
本發明涵蓋上文對於各種變量所述基團之任一組合。在整個說明書中,由熟習此項技術者選擇其基團及取代基以提供穩定部分及化合物。
在一些實施例中,式(I)化合物係表1中所呈現之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
使用標準合成技術或使用業內已知之方法與本文所述方法之組合來合成本文所述之式(I)化合物。此外,本文所呈現之溶劑、溫度及其他反應條件可有所變化。
合成用於合成式(I)化合物之起始材料或自商業來源(例如但不限於Sigma-Aldrich、Fluka、Acros Organics、Alfa Aesar、及諸如此類)獲得。使用本文所述或其他已知之技術及材料來合成本文所述化合物、及具有不同取代基之其他相關化合物,該等其他已知之技術及材料包含彼等發現於以下文件中者:March,ADVANCED ORGANIC CHEMISTRY,第4版(Wiley 1992);Carey及Sundberg,ADVANCED ORGANIC CHEMISTRY,第4版,A及B卷(Plenum 2000,2001);及Green及Wuts,PROTECTIVE GROUPS IN ORGANIC SYNTHESIS,第3版,(Wiley 1999)。視需要藉由使用適當試劑及條件引入本文所提供式中發現之各個部分來修改製備化合物之一般方法。
在一些實施例中,如下列反應圖中所示來製備式(I)之實例性化合物。
使用保護基團保護結構1化合物中具有酸性質子之氮以提供結構2化合物。在一些實施例中,保護基團為四氫-2H-吡喃(THP)。在一些實施例中,用於氮保護之條件需要3,4-二氫-2H-吡喃(DHP)、有機酸及適宜溶劑。在一些實施例中,有機酸係對-甲苯磺酸吡啶鎓(PPTS)或對-甲苯磺酸(p-TSA或p-TsOH)且適宜溶劑係二氯甲烷。在一些實施例中,在室溫下實施反應。已知保護起始材料之氮之其他條件。適於產生及移除保護基團之技術的詳細說明闡述於Greene及Wuts,Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,第3版,John Wiley & Sons,New York,NY,1999;及Kocienski,Protective Groups,Thieme Verlag,New York,NY,1994中,該揭示內容以引用方式併入本文中。
使X係鹵素或其他適宜離去基團之結構2化合物與經保護乙炔(例如,三甲基甲矽烷基乙炔)在Sonogashira反應條件下反應以提供結構3化合物。在一些實施例中,Sonogashira偶合反應條件包含使用鈀觸媒及銅鹵化物鹽。在一些實施例中,Sonogashira反應條件係使用Pd(Ph3
P)2
Cl2
、CuI、及三乙胺。在一實施例中,在約80℃下實施反應。其他適宜反應條件闡述於Rafael Chinchilla及Carmen Njera(2007). Chem. Rev. 107(3):874-922中。
在適宜反應條件下去除結構3化合物之甲矽烷基保護基團以提供結構4化合物。在一些實施例中,使用碳酸鉀(K2
CO3
)在甲醇中去除甲矽烷基保護基團。在其他實施例中,使用四丁基氟化銨(TBAF)在四氫呋喃中去除甲矽烷基保護基團。
在一些實施例中,使結構4之乙炔與R2
-X在鹼性條件下反應以製備結構化合物5。在該等情形下,R2
係C1
-C6
烷基或C1
-C6
氟烷基或C1
-C4
烷氧基或C1
-C4
氟烷氧基或C3
-C6
環烷基、或諸如此類,且X係適宜離去基團。在一些實施例中,藉由其他適宜條件載入R2
部分。
在一些實施例中,使結構2化合物與炔基-三甲基矽烷或末端炔在Sonogashira反應條件下偶合以提供結構5化合物。在一些實施例中,炔基-三甲基矽烷與結構2化合物之偶合包含在高溫下(例如約80-90℃)於適宜溶劑(例如二甲基乙醯胺)中使用鹼(例如碳酸銫)、鈀觸媒(例如Pd(OAc)2
、dppf)及銅鹵化物鹽(例如CuI)。在一些實施例中,末端炔與結構2化合物之偶合包含在高溫下(例如約80-120℃)使用Pd(PPh3
)2
Cl2
)、CuI、及三乙胺實施反應。
然後使結構5、6及7之化合物在適宜反應條件下一起偶合以提供結構8化合物。在一些實施例中,適宜反應條件包含使用有機金屬試劑。在一些實施例中,適宜反應條件包含使用鈀觸媒。在一些實施例中,適宜反應條件包含在二甲基甲醯胺/水中使用Pd(PhCN)2
Cl2
、K2
CO3
。其他適宜反應條件包含彼等闡述於以下文件中者:Chengxiang Zhou及Richard C. Larock,Journal of Organic Chemistry,2005,70,3765-3777;Chengxiang Zhou、Daniel E. Emrich、及Richard C. Larock Organic Letters 2003,1579-1582;Tsutomu Konno、Ken-ichi Taku、Takashi Ishihara,Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 127(2006) 966-972。
然後在適宜反應條件下去除結構8化合物之保護基團以提供結構9化合物。在一些實施例中,適宜反應條件包含使用酸。在一些實施例中,適宜反應條件包含使用鹽酸、乙醇在約70℃下實施反應。
水解結構9化合物之酯基團以提供結構10之羧酸化合物。在一些實施例中,水解反應包含在四氫呋喃及乙醇之混合物中使用氫氧化鋰。已知其他水解反應條件。
在一些實施例中,如反應圖3中所示來製備本文所揭示之化合物。
在一些實施例中,使結構5化合物與結構6之苯基鹵化物及結構11之硼酸在適宜反應條件下反應以提供結構12化合物。在一些實施例中,適宜反應條件包含使用有機金屬試劑。在一些實施例中,適宜有機金屬試劑係鈀觸媒。然後將結構12化合物之醛在適宜反應條件下轉變成烯烴以提供結構8化合物。適宜反應條件包含Homer-Wadsworth-Emmons烯化反應或Wittig烯化反應條件。
另一選擇為,使結構5化合物與硼基化試劑在適宜觸媒存在下反應以提供結構13化合物。在一些實施例中,適宜觸媒係諸如鉑觸媒等有機金屬試劑。在一些實施例中,觸媒之量影響反應速率,但通常並不影響產率或純度。在一些實施例中,溶劑對於反應速率具有較小影響,但通常並不影響產率或純度。在一些實施例中,溫度對於反應速率具有顯著影響,但通常並不影響產率或純度。然後使用結構13化合物及結構14之苯基鹵化物來實施Suzuki交叉偶合以提供結構15化合物。在一些實施例中,在Suzuki交叉偶合中使用2或3當量之鹼(例如Cs2
CO3
)。在一些實施例中,在Suzuki交叉偶合中使用1.3當量之鹼(例如Cs2
CO3
)。在一些實施例中,溶劑對於此反應之速率及區域選擇性具有顯著影響。在一些實施例中,使用二噁烷、DME、或2-MeTHF。在一些實施例中,水含量對於此Suzuki交叉偶合之速率及區域選擇性具有顯著影響。然後實施結構15化合物及結構16之苯基鹵化物之後續Suzuki交叉偶合以提供結構12化合物。
適用於產生及移除保護基團之技術的詳細說明闡述於Greene及Wuts,Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,第3版,John Wiley & Sons,New York,NY,1999;及Kocienski,Protective Groups,Thieme Verlag,New York,NY,1994中,該揭示內容以引用方式併入本文中。
在式(I)化合物具有一或多個立構中心之情形下,各中心均獨立地以R或S構型存在。本文所呈現化合物包含所有非對映異構體、對映異構體、阻轉異構體、及差向異構體形式以及其適當混合物。本文所提供之化合物及方法包含所有順式、反式、順位、反位、異側(E)、及同側(Z)異構體以及其適當混合物。
若期望,藉由例如以下方法來獲得立體異構體:立體選擇性合成及/或藉由對掌性層析管柱及/或使用光學活性拆分劑分離立體異構體。Jean Jacques,Andre Collet,Samuel H. Wilen,「Enantiomers,Racemates and Resolutions」,John Wiley And Sons公司,1981。
在某些實施例中,本文所呈現化合物係以阻轉異構體形式存在。阻轉異構體係指自圍繞單鍵進行受阻旋轉產生之立體異構體,其中旋轉之空間張力障壁使得構象異構體得以分離。阻轉異構體顯示軸向對掌性。可分離阻轉異構體。在一些實施例中,可藉由對掌性拆分方法(例如選擇性結晶)來分離阻轉異構體。視需要藉由NMR或其他適宜表徵方式來表徵阻轉異構體。
本文所述之方法及組合物包含使用非晶型形式以及結晶形式(亦稱為多晶型)。在一態樣中,本文所述化合物呈醫藥上可接受之鹽之形式。同樣,具有相同類型活性之該等化合物之活性代謝物包含於本發明範圍中。此外,本文所述化合物可以非溶劑合物形式以及與醫藥上可接受之溶劑(例如水、乙醇及諸如此類)的溶劑合物形式存在。本文所呈現化合物之溶劑合物形式亦視為本文所揭示之化合物。
在一些實施例中,將本文所述化合物製成前藥。「前藥」係指可在活體內轉化成母體藥物之藥劑。通常使用前藥,此乃因在一些情況下其較母體藥物更易於投與或其具有經口投與之生物利用度或其較母體藥物在醫藥組合物中具有改良之溶解度。在一些實施例中,對前藥進行設計以增強有效水溶性。前藥之實例係(但不限於)本文所述化合物,其以酯(「前藥」)形式投與但然後發生代謝水解以提供活性實體。在某些實施例中,在活體內投與後,前藥以化學方式轉化成化合物之生物、醫藥或治療活性形式。
在一些實施例中,位於式(I)化合物之芳環部分上之位點易於發生各種代謝反應。在芳環結構上納入適當取代基將減小、最小化或消除此代謝路徑。在具體實施例中,降低或消除芳環對於代謝反應之易感性之適當取代基係(僅舉例而言)鹵素、氘或烷基。
在另一實施例中,以同位素方式(例如使用放射性同位素)或藉由另一其他方式(包含但不限於使用發色團或螢光部分、生物發光標記、或化學發光標記)標記本文所述化合物。
在其他或又一些實施例中,本文所述化合物在投與至有需要之有機體後經代謝而產生代謝物,然後使用代謝物產生期望效應(包含期望治療效應)。
本文所用之「醫藥上可接受」係指諸如載劑或稀釋劑等材料並不消除化合物之生物活性或性質,且相對無毒,亦即,該材料在投與個體後不會以有害方式與含有其之組合物中之任一組份產生不期望的生物效應或相互作用。
術語「醫藥上可接受之鹽」係指不會對其投與之有機體造成明顯刺激且不會消除該化合物之生物活性及性質之化合物的調配物。在一些實施例中,藉由使式(I)化合物與酸反應來獲得醫藥上可接受之鹽。亦藉由使式(I)化合物與鹼反應形成鹽來獲得醫藥上可接受之鹽。
本文所述化合物視需要以醫藥上可接受之鹽之形式形成及/或使用。醫藥上可接受之鹽的類型包含但不限於:(1)酸加成鹽,藉由使游離鹼形式之化合物與以下醫藥上可接受之酸反應而形成:無機酸,例如鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、磷酸、偏磷酸及諸如此類;或有機酸,例如乙酸、丙酸、己酸、環戊烷丙酸、乙醇酸、丙酮酸、乳酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、蘋果酸、馬來酸、富馬酸、三氟乙酸、酒石酸、檸檬酸、苯甲酸、3-(4-羥基苯甲醯基)苯甲酸、肉桂酸、扁桃酸、甲磺酸、乙磺酸、1,2-乙二磺酸、2-羥基乙磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸、2-萘磺酸、4-甲基二環-[2.2.2]辛-2-烯-1-甲酸、葡庚糖酸、4.4'-亞甲基雙-(3-羥基-2-烯-1-甲酸)、3-苯基丙酸、三甲基乙酸、叔丁基乙酸、月桂基硫酸、葡糖酸、麩胺酸、羥基萘酸、水楊酸、硬脂酸、黏康酸、丁酸、苯基乙酸、苯基丁酸、丙戊酸、及諸如此類;(2) 當存在於母體化合物中之酸性質子由金屬離子(例如鹼金屬離子(例如鋰、鈉、鉀)、鹼土金屬離子(例如鎂或鈣)或鋁離子)代替時形成的鹽。在一些情形下,本文所述化合物與有機鹼進行配位,該有機鹼係(例如但不限於)乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、胺丁三醇、N-甲基葡萄糖胺、二環己基胺、叁(羥甲基)甲基胺。在其他情形下,本文所述化合物與胺基酸(例如但不限於精胺酸、離胺酸、及諸如此類)形成鹽。用於與包含酸性質子之化合物形成鹽之可接受無機鹼包含但不限於氫氧化鋁、氫氧化鈣、氫氧化鉀、碳酸鈉、氫氧化鈉、及諸如此類。在一些實施例中,以離胺酸鹽、鈉鹽及其他適宜胺基酸鹽之形式來製備本文所提供化合物。在一些實施例中,以鈉鹽形式來製備本文所提供化合物。在一些實施例中,以N-甲基葡萄糖胺鹽形式來製備本文所提供化合物。在一些實施例中,以鹽酸鹽形式來製備本文所提供化合物。
應理解,在提及醫藥上可接受之鹽時其包含溶劑加成形式。在一些實施例中,溶劑合物含有化學計量或非化學計量量之溶劑,且在用醫藥上可接受之溶劑(例如水、乙醇及諸如此類)結晶過程期間形成。當溶劑係水時形成水合物,或當溶劑係醇時形成醇合物。本文所述化合物之溶劑合物係在本文所述過程期間方便地製得或形成。此外,本文所提供化合物視需要以非溶劑合物形式以及溶劑合物形式存在。
本文所述方法及調配物包含使用具有式(I)結構之化合物的N-氧化物(若適宜)、結晶形式(亦稱為多晶型物)或醫藥上可接受之鹽、以及具有相同類型活性之該等化合物的活性代謝物。
除非另有說明,否則本申請案(包含說明書及申請專利範圍)中所用之以下術語均具有下文給出的定義。必須注意,除非上下文另外明確說明,否則說明書及隨附申請專利範圍中所用之單數形式「一(a及an)」及「該(the)」均包括複數個指示物。除非另有說明,否則使用質譜、NMR、HPLC、蛋白質化學、生物化學、重組DNA技術及藥理學之習用方法。在本申請案中,除非另有說明,否則使用「或」或「及」意指「及/或」。另外,使用術語「包含(including)」以及其他形式(例如「include」、「includes」及「included」)不具有限制意義。本文所用各部分標題僅出於組織目的,而不能理解為限制所述標的物。
「烷基」係指脂肪烴基團。烷基係飽和或不飽和基團。烷基部分係飽和或不飽和之具支鏈或直鏈。在一態樣中,烷基選自由甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基及第三丁基組成之群。典型烷基包含但決不限於甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、新戊基、己基、烯丙基、乙烯基、乙炔、丁-2-烯基、丁-3-烯基、及諸如此類。
「氘烷基」係指烷基之1或多個氫原子經氘代替之烷基。
「烷氧基」係指(烷基)O-基團,其中烷基如本文所定義。
術語「環烷基」係指環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環戊烯基、環己基或環己烯基。
術語「鹵基」或另一選擇為「鹵素」或「鹵化物」意指氟、氯、溴或碘。
術語「氟烷基」係指一或多個氫原子由氟原子代替之烷基。
術語「雜烷基」係指烷基之一或多個骨架原子係選自除碳以外之原子(例如,氧、氮(例如-NH-、-N(烷基)-)、硫、或其組合)之烷基。在一態樣中,雜烷基係C1
-C6
雜烷基。
本文所用之關於調配物、組合物或成份之術語「可接受」意指對於所治療個體之總體健康情況並無持久有害效應。
本文所用之術語「調節」意指直接或間接與靶相互作用以改變靶之活性,包含(僅舉例而言)增強靶之活性、抑制靶之活性、限制靶之活性或擴展靶之活性。
本文所用之術語「調節劑」係指直接或間接與靶相互作用之分子。相互作用包含但不限於激動劑、部分激動劑、逆激動劑、拮抗劑、降解劑、或其組合之相互作用。在一些實施例中,調節劑係拮抗劑。在一些實施例中,調節劑係降解劑。
本文所用之「選擇性雌激素受體調節劑」或「SERM」係指有差異地調節不同組織中雌激素受體之活性的分子。舉例而言,在一些實施例中,SERM在一些組織中顯示ER拮抗劑活性且在其他組織中顯示ER激動劑活性。在一些實施例中,SERM在一些組織中顯示ER拮抗劑活性且在其他組織中顯示最小ER激動劑活性或沒有ER激動劑活性。在一些實施例中,SERM在乳房組織、卵巢組織、子宮內膜組織、及/或子宮頸組織中顯示ER拮抗劑活性,但在子宮組織中顯示最小ER激動劑活性或沒有ER激動劑活性。
本文所用之術語「拮抗劑」係指結合至細胞核激素受體且隨後降低該細胞核激素受體之激動劑誘導之轉錄活性的小分子藥劑。
本文所用之術語「激動劑」係指結合至細胞核激素受體且隨後增加在不存在已知激動劑下之細胞核激素受體轉錄活性的小分子藥劑。
本文所用之術語「逆激動劑」係指如下小分子藥劑:其結合至細胞核激素受體且隨後降低在不存在已知激動劑下存在之細胞核激素受體轉錄活性的基礎值。
本文所用之術語「降解劑」係指結合至細胞核激素受體且隨後降低該受體之穩態蛋白含量的小分子藥劑。在一些實施例中,本文所述之降解劑將穩態雌激素受體含量降低至少10%、至少20%、至少30%、至少40%、至少50%、至少60%、至少65%、至少70%、至少75%、至少80%、至少85%、至少90%或至少95%。
本文所用之術語「選擇性雌激素受體降解劑」或「SERD」係指較其他受體優先結合至雌激素受體且隨後較低穩態雌激素受體含量的小分子藥劑。
本文所用之術語「ER依賴性」係指在不存在雌激素受體時不會發生或將不會發生至相同程度之疾病或病狀。
本文所用之術語「ER介導的」係指在不存在雌激素受體時不會發生但在雌激素受體存在時可發生之疾病或病狀。
本文所用之術語「ER敏感性」係指在不存在雌激素時不會發生、或不會發生至相同程度之疾病或病狀。
本文所用之術語「癌症」係指往往以不受控方式增殖且在一些情形下轉移(擴散)的異常細胞生長。癌症類型包含但不限於實體腫瘤(例如以下組織之彼等腫瘤:膀胱、腸、腦、乳房、子宮內膜、心臟、腎、肺、子宮、淋巴組織(淋巴瘤)、卵巢、胰腺或其他內分泌器官(甲狀腺)、前列腺、皮膚(黑素瘤或基底細胞癌))或血液學腫瘤(例如白血病及淋巴瘤),該等腫瘤處於具有或不具有轉移之疾病的任一階段。
癌症之其他非限制性實例包含急性成淋巴細胞性白血病、急性髓性白血病、腎上腺皮質癌、直腸癌、闌尾癌、星細胞瘤、非典型畸胎樣/橫紋肌樣腫瘤、基底細胞癌、膽管癌、膀胱癌、骨癌(骨肉瘤及惡性纖維組織細胞瘤)、腦幹膠質瘤、腦腫瘤、腦及脊髓腫瘤、乳癌、枝氣管腫瘤、伯基特淋巴瘤(Burkitt lymphoma)、子宮頸癌、慢性淋巴細胞白血病、慢性髓性白血病、結腸癌、結腸直腸癌、顱咽管瘤、皮膚T-細胞瘤、胚胎瘤、子宮內膜癌、室管膜母細胞瘤、室管膜瘤、食道癌、尤因氏肉瘤(ewing sarcoma)家族之腫瘤、眼癌、視網膜母細胞瘤、膽囊癌、胃癌(gastric(stomach)cancer)、胃腸道類癌腫瘤、胃腸道間質瘤(GIST)、胃腸道基質細胞腫瘤、胚細胞瘤、膠質瘤、多毛細胞白血病、頭頸癌、肝細胞(肝)癌、何傑金氏淋巴瘤(hodgkin lymphoma)、下嚥癌、眼內黑素瘤、胰島細胞瘤(內分泌胰腺)、卡波西肉瘤(Kaposi sarcoma)、腎癌、郎格罕細胞增生症(Langerhans cell histiocytosis)、喉癌、白血病、急性成淋巴細胞性白血病、急性髓性白血病、慢性淋巴細胞白血病、慢性髓性白血病、多毛細胞白血病、肝癌、非小細胞肺癌、小細胞肺癌、伯基特淋巴瘤、皮膚T-細胞淋巴瘤、何傑金氏淋巴瘤、非何傑金氏淋巴瘤、淋巴瘤、Waldenstrm巨球蛋白血症、髓母細胞瘤、髓上皮瘤、黑素瘤、間皮瘤、口腔癌、慢性髓性白血病、髓樣白血病、多發性骨髓瘤、鼻咽癌、神經細胞瘤、非何傑金氏淋巴瘤、非小細胞肺癌、口癌、口咽癌、骨肉瘤、骨惡性纖維組織細胞瘤、卵巢癌、卵巢上皮癌、卵巢生殖細胞腫瘤、卵巢低度惡性潛在腫瘤、胰腺癌、乳頭狀瘤病、甲狀旁腺癌、陰莖癌、咽癌、中間分化之松果體實質瘤、松果體母細胞瘤及天幕上原始神經外胚層腫瘤、垂體瘤、漿細胞腫瘤/多發性骨髓瘤、胸膜肺母細胞瘤、原發性中樞神經系統淋巴瘤、前列腺癌、直腸癌、腎細胞(腎)癌、視網膜母細胞瘤、橫紋肌肉瘤、涎腺癌、肉瘤、尤因氏肉瘤家族之腫瘤、肉瘤、卡波西肉瘤、塞紮裏症候群(Szary syndrome)、皮膚癌、小細胞肺癌、小腸癌、軟組織肉瘤、鱗狀細胞癌、胃癌(stomach(gastric) cancer)、天幕上原始神經外胚層腫瘤、T-細胞淋巴瘤、睾丸癌、喉癌、胸腺瘤及胸腺癌、甲狀腺癌、尿道癌、子宮癌、子宮肉瘤、陰道癌、外陰癌、Waldenstrm巨球蛋白血症、維爾姆斯腫瘤(Wilms tumor)。
本文所用之術語「共投與」或諸如此類意欲涵蓋向單一患者投與所選治療劑,且意欲包含該等藥劑以相同或不同投與途經或在相同或不同時間投與之治療方案。
本文所用之術語「有效量」或「治療有效量」係指足以將所治療疾病或病狀之一或多種症狀減輕一定程度之所投與藥劑或化合物的量。結果包含降低及/或緩解疾病體徵、症狀或病因、或生物系統之任何其他期望變化。舉例而言,對於治療用途而言,「有效量」係使疾病症狀在臨床上顯著減輕所需之包括本文所揭示化合物之組合物的量。任一個別情形下之適當「有效量」視需要使用諸如劑量逐步增加研究等技術來測定。
本發明所用之術語「醫藥組合」意指自混合或組合一種以上活性成份產生之產品,且包含活性成份之固定及非固定組合。術語「固定組合」意指將活性成份(例如式(I)化合物)與輔助藥劑二者以單一實體或劑量之形式同時投與患者。術語「未固定組合」意指將活性成份(例如式(I)化合物)與輔助藥劑二者作為分開之實體同時、並行或依次且無具體間隔時間限制地投與患者,其中此投與在患者體內提供兩種化合物之有效濃度。後者亦適用於雞尾酒療法,例如投與三種或更多種活性成份。
本文所揭示化合物之「代謝物」係化合物代謝時所形成該化合物之衍生物。術語「活性代謝物」係指化合物代謝時所形成化合物之生物活性衍生物。本文所用之術語「代謝」係指有機體改變特定物質之過程(包含但不限於水解反應及由酶催化之反應)的總和。因此,酶可使化合物產生特定結構改變。舉例而言,細胞色素P450催化多種氧化及還原反應,而尿苷二磷酸葡糖醛酸轉移酶催化活性葡糖醛酸分子轉移到芳族醇、脂肪醇、羧酸、胺及游離硫氫基上。本文所揭示化合物之代謝物視需要藉由將化合物投與宿主並分析來自宿主之組織試樣、或藉由將化合物與肝細胞在活體外一起培育並分析所得化合物來進行鑑別。
術語「個體」或「患者」涵蓋哺乳動物。哺乳動物之實例包含但不限於人類、黑猩猩、猿、猴子、貓、馬、綿羊、山羊、豬、兔、狗、貓、大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠、及諸如此類。在一態樣中,哺乳動物係人類。
本文所用之術語「治療」(「treat」、「treating」或「treatment」)包含緩解、減弱或改善疾病或病狀之至少一種症狀、預防其他症狀、抑制疾病或病狀,例如,預防性及/或治療性阻止疾病或病狀發展、減輕疾病或病狀、使疾病或病狀消退、減輕由疾病或病狀所引起之狀況、或使疾病或病狀之症狀終止。
適宜投與途徑包含但不限於經口、非經腸(靜脈內、皮下、肌內)、鼻內、經頰、局部、直腸、氣溶膠、眼部、肺、經黏膜、經皮、陰道、耳、鼻、及局部投與。此外,僅舉例而言,非經腸遞送包含肌內、皮下、靜脈內、髓內注射以及鞘內、直接心室內、腹膜腔內、淋巴管內及鼻內注射。在某些實施例中,以全身方式投與本文所述化合物。在某些其他實施例中,以局部而非全身方式投與本文所述化合物。
在一些實施例中,將本文所述化合物調配成醫藥組合物。以習用方式使用一或多種醫藥上可接受之惰性成份來調配醫藥組合物,該等醫藥上可接受之惰性成份有利於將活性化合物處理成在醫藥上使用之製劑。適宜調配物端視所選投與途徑而定。本文所述醫藥組合物之概述參見(例如):The Science and Practice of Pharmacy,第19版(Easton,Pa.:Mack Publishing公司,1995);Hoover,John E.,Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences,Mack Publishing公司,Easton,Pennsylvania 1975;Liberman,H.A.及Lachman,L.編輯,Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms,Marcel Decker,New York,N.Y.,1980;及Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems,第7版(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 1999),該揭示內容以引用方式併入本文中。
本文所用之醫藥組合物係指式(I)化合物與其他化學組份(亦即醫藥上可接受之惰性成份)之混合物,該等其他化學組份係(例如)載劑、賦形劑、黏合劑、填充劑、懸浮劑、矯味劑、甜味劑、崩解劑、分散劑、表面活性劑、潤滑劑、著色劑、稀釋劑、溶解劑、濕潤劑、增塑劑、穩定劑、滲透增強劑、潤濕劑、消泡劑、抗氧化劑、防腐劑、或其一或多種組合。醫藥組合物有利於將化合物投與哺乳動物。
醫藥組合物包含至少一種式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽作為呈游離酸或游離鹼形式、或呈醫藥上可接受之鹽形式之活性成份。此外,本文所述之方法及醫藥組合物包含使用N-氧化物(若適宜)、結晶形式、非晶型相、以及具有相同類型活性之該等化合物的活性代謝物。在一些實施例中,本文所述化合物係以非溶劑合物形式或與醫藥上可接受之溶劑(例如水、乙醇及諸如此類)的溶劑合物形式存在。
本文所述醫藥調配物包含但不限於水性液體分散液、自乳化分散液、固體溶液、脂質體分散液、氣溶膠、固體劑型、粉末、立即釋放調配物、受控釋放調配物、速溶調配物、錠劑、膠囊、丸劑、延遲釋放調配物、延長釋放調配物、腸溶包覆之調配物、脈衝式釋放調配物、多微粒調配物、及立即釋放與受控釋放之混合調配物。
在一些實施例中,全身性投與式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
在一些實施例中,經口投與式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。所有經口投與之調配物皆為適合此投與之劑量。在一些實施例中,本文所揭示之固體劑型呈以下形式:錠劑、丸劑、粉末、膠囊、固體分散液、固體溶液、生物可蝕解劑型、受控釋放調配物、脈衝式釋放劑型、多微粒劑型、珠粒、沉澱物、粒子。在其他實施例中,醫藥調配物呈粉末形式。在其他實施例中,醫藥調配物呈錠劑形式。在其他實施例中,醫藥調配物呈以下形式:懸浮液錠劑、速溶錠劑、咬食崩解錠劑、快速崩解錠劑、泡騰錠劑、或囊片。在其他實施例中,組合物呈膠囊形式。
在一些實施例中,調配醫藥固體口服劑型以提供活性化合物之受控釋放。受控釋放特徵包含(例如)持續釋放、延長釋放、脈衝式釋放、及延遲釋放之特徵。
在一態樣中,用於經口投與之液體調配物劑型呈選自包含但不限於以下之群的水性懸浮液形式:醫藥上可接受之水性口服分散液、乳液、溶液、酏劑、凝膠、及糖漿。例如,參見Singh等人,Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical Technology,第2版,第754-757頁(2002)。
對於經頰或舌下投與,組合物視需要採用以習用方式調配之錠劑、菱形錠劑、或凝膠之形式。
在一態樣中,將式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽調配成適於肌內、皮下、或靜脈內注射之醫藥組合物。非經腸注射涉及濃注及/或連續輸注。
在一些實施例中,經靜脈內投與式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。在一些實施例中,經皮下投與式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
在一些實施例中,局部投與式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。在該等實施例中,將式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽調配成各種可局部投與之組合物,例如溶液、懸浮液、洗劑、凝膠、膏、洗髮劑、擦洗液、塗膜液、塗片、藥物棒、藥物繃帶、香膏、乳膏或軟膏。在一些實施例中,將式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽局部投與至哺乳動物之皮膚上。在一些實施例中,將式(I)化合物製成經皮劑型。
另一態樣係式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽在製造藥劑中之用途,該藥劑用於治療雌激素受體活性會引起疾病或病狀之病理學及/或症狀之疾病、病症或病狀。在一態樣中,該疾病或病狀係本文所指定疾病或病狀中之任一者。
在一實施例中,使用式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽來製備藥劑,該等藥劑用於治療自減小雌激素受體活性受益之哺乳動物之疾病或病狀。治療需要該治療之哺乳動物中本文所述疾病或病狀中之任一者之方法涉及向該哺乳動物投與治療有效量的醫藥組合物(包含至少一種式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、N-氧化物、活性代謝物、前藥、或醫藥上可接受之溶劑合物)。
治療有效量取決於疾病或病狀之嚴重程度及病程、先前療法、患者之健康狀況、體重、及對藥物之反應、及治療醫師之判斷。視需要,藉由包含但不限於劑量遞增臨床試驗在內之方法來確定治療有效量。
在本文所述治療方法中之任一者中,將有效量之式(I)化合物:(a)全身性投與哺乳動物;及/或(b)經口投與哺乳動物;及/或(c)靜脈內投與哺乳動物;及/或(d)藉由注射至哺乳動物進行投與;及/或(e)局部投與哺乳動物;及/或(f) 非全身性或局部投與哺乳動物。
在一些情況下,治療方法包括單一投與有效量之化合物,包含其他實施例,其中(i)將化合物投與一次;(ii)在一日內向哺乳動物投與化合物多次;(iii)不間斷投與;或(iv)連續投與。
上述態樣中之任一者係包括多次投與有效量之化合物的其他實施例,包含其他實施例,其中(i)連續或間歇性地以單一劑量形式投與化合物;(ii)多次投與之間之時間為每6小時;(iii)每8小時向哺乳動物投與化合物;(iv)每12小時向哺乳動物投與化合物;(v)每24小時向哺乳動物投與化合物。在其他或替代實施例中,該方法包括休藥期,其中暫時中斷投與化合物或暫時降低所投與化合物之劑量;在休藥期結束時重新開始投用化合物。在一實施例中,休藥期之長度自2天至1年不等。
在患者病狀並未改良之某些實施例中,遵醫囑,長期(亦即,經延長時間)投與化合物。
在患者狀態有所改良之某些實施例中,在某一時間長度(亦即,「休藥期」)內暫時降低或暫時中斷所投與藥物之劑量。
在一些實施例中,用於成人治療之劑量範圍通常為0.01 mg-5000 mg/天。在一態樣中,用於成人治療之劑量為約1 mg至約1000 mg/天。在一實施例中,以單一劑量或以同時或在適當間隔下投與之分開劑量來便利地提供期望劑量,例如每天2、3、4或更多個分劑量。在一實施例中,適於式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽之日劑量為約0.01至約50 mg/kg/體重。
在某些情形下,適當地組合投與至少一種式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、與一或多種其他治療劑。在某些實施例中,醫藥組合物進一步包括一或多種抗癌藥。
在一具體實施例中,共投與式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與第二治療劑,其中式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、及第二治療劑調節所治療疾病、病症或病狀之不同態樣,由此提供大於單獨投與任一治療劑時之總體益處。
在任一情形下,不論所治療之疾病、病症或病狀如何,患者經歷之總體益處係兩種治療劑之加和效應,或患者可經歷協同益處。
在組合療法中,以任何順序或甚至同時投與多種治療劑(其中之一者係本文所述化合物中之一者)。若同時投與,則(僅舉例而言)以單一、統一形式或多種形式(例如,作為單一丸劑或作為兩個單獨丸劑)提供多種治療劑。
在一些實施例中,雌激素受體依賴性或雌激素受體介導性病狀或疾病(例如增殖性病症,包含癌症)之治療方法包括向哺乳動物投與式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與至少一種其他治療劑之組合。
在一些實施例中,式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與激素阻斷療法、化學療法、放射療法、單株抗體、或其組合進行組合。
在一些實施例中,至少一種與式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽組合使用之其他治療劑包含下列中之一或多者:阿比特龍(abiraterone)、阿巴瑞克(abarelix)、阿黴素(adriamycin)、放射菌素(actinomycin)、阿西維辛(acivicin)、阿柔比星(aclarubicin)、鹽酸阿考達唑(acodazole hydrochloride)、阿克羅寧(acronine)、阿多來新(adozelesin)、阿地白介素(aldesleukin)、阿侖珠單抗(alemtuzumab)、別嘌呤醇(allopurinol)、阿利維a酸(alitretinoin)、六甲蜜胺(altretamine)、安波黴素(ambomycin)、乙酸阿美蒽醌(ametantrone acetate)、胺魯米特(aminoglutethimide)、胺基酮戊酸(aminolevulinic acid)、胺磷汀(amifostine)、安吖啶(amsacrine)、阿那曲唑(anastrozole)、胺茴黴素(anthramycin)、阿瑞吡坦(aprepitant)、三氧化二砷、天門冬醯胺酶、曲林菌素(asperlin)、阿紮胞苷(azacitidine)、阿紮替派(azetepa)、阿佐黴素(azotomycin)、巴馬司他(batimastat)、鹽酸苯達莫司汀(bendamustine hydrochloride)、苯佐替派(benzodepa)、貝伐單抗(bevacizumab)、貝沙羅汀(bexarotene)、比卡魯胺(bicalutamide)、鹽酸比生群(bisantrene hydrochloride)、二甲磺酸雙奈法德(bisnafide dimesylate)、比折來新(bizelesin)、博來黴素(bleomycin)、硫酸博來黴素、硼替佐米(bortezomib)、布喹那鈉(brequinar sodium)、溴匹立明(bropirimine)、白消安(busulfan)、放線菌素c(cactinomycin)、卡普睾酮(calusterone)、卡醋胺(caracemide)、卡貝替姆(carbetimer)、卡鉑(carboplatin)、卡莫司汀(carmustine)、鹽酸卡柔比星(carubicin hydrochloride)、卡折來新(carzelesin)、卡培他濱(capecitabine)、西地芬戈(cedefingol)、西妥昔單抗(cetuximab)、苯丁酸氮芥(chlorambucil)、西羅黴素(cirolemycin)、順鉑(cisplatin)、克拉屈濱(cladribine)、氯法拉濱(clofarabine)、甲磺酸克立那托(crisnatol mesylate)、環磷醯胺、阿糖胞苷(cytarabine)、達卡巴嗪(dacarbazine)、達沙替尼(dasatinib)、鹽酸柔紅黴素(daunorubicin hydrochloride)、更生黴素(dactinomycin)、達依泊汀α(darbepoetin alfa)、地西他濱(decitabine)、地加瑞克(degarelix)、地尼白介素2(denileukin diftitox)、右奧馬鉑(dexormaplatin)、鹽酸右雷佐生(dexrazoxane hydrochloride)、地紮胍寧(dezaguanine)、甲磺酸地紮胍寧、地吖醌(diaziquone)、多西紫杉醇、多柔比星(doxorubicin)、鹽酸多柔比星、屈洛昔芬(droloxifene)、檸檬酸屈洛昔芬(droloxifene citrate)、丙酸甲雄烷酮(dromostanolone propionate)、達佐黴素(duazomycin)、依達曲沙(edatrexate)、鹽酸依氟鳥胺酸(eflornithine hydrochloride)、依沙蘆星(elsamitrucin)、艾曲波帕(eltrombopag olamine)、恩洛鉑(enloplatin)、恩普胺酯(enpromate)、依匹哌啶(epipropidine)、鹽酸表柔比星、阿法依伯汀(epoetin alfa)、厄布洛唑(erbulozole)、鹽酸厄洛替尼(erlotinib hydrochloride)、鹽酸依索比星(esorubicin hydrochloride)、雌氮芥(estramustine)、雌氮芥磷酸鈉、依他硝唑(etanidazole)、依託泊甙(etoposide)、磷酸依託泊苷、氯苯乙嘧胺(etoprine)、依維莫司(everolimus)、依西美坦(exemestane)、鹽酸法羅唑啉(fadrozole hydrochloride)、法紮拉濱(fazarabine)、芬維a銨(fenretinide)、非格司亭(filgrastim)、氟尿苷(floxuridine)、磷酸氟達拉濱(fludarabine phosphate)、氟尿嘧啶(fluorouracil)、氟西他濱(flurocitabine)、磷喹酮(fosquidone)、福司曲星鈉(fostriecin sodium)、氟維司群、吉非替尼(gefitinib)、吉西他濱(gemcitabine)、鹽酸吉西他濱、吉西他濱-順鉑(gemcitabine-cisplatin)、吉妥單抗(gemtuzumab ozogamicin)、乙酸高錫林(goserelin acetate)、乙酸組胺瑞林(histrelin acetate)、羥基脲(hydroxyurea)、鹽酸伊達比星(idarubicin hydrochloride)、異環磷醯胺(ifosfamide)、依莫佛新(iimofosine)、替伊莫單抗(ibritumomab tiuxetan)、伊達比星(idarubicin)、異環磷醯胺、甲磺酸伊馬替尼(imatinib mesylate)、咪喹莫特(imiquimod)、介白素II(包含重組介白素II、或r1L2)、干擾素α-2a、干擾素α-2b、干擾素α-n1、干擾素α-n3、干擾素β-1 a、干擾素γ-1 b、異丙鉑(iproplatin)、鹽酸依立替康(irinotecan hydrochloride)、伊沙匹隆(ixabepilone)、乙酸蘭瑞肽(lanreotide acetate)、拉帕替尼、來那度胺(lenalido mide)、來曲唑、乙酸亮丙瑞林(leuprolide acetate)、甲醯四氫葉酸鈣(leucovorin calcium)、乙酸亮丙瑞林、左旋咪唑(levamisole)、脂質體阿糖胞苷(liposomal cytarabine)、鹽酸利阿唑(liarozole hydrochloride)、洛美曲索鈉(lometrexol sodium)、洛莫司汀(lomustine)、鹽酸洛索蒽醌(losoxantrone hydrochloride)、馬索羅酚(masoprocol)、美坦辛(maytansine)、鹽酸氮芥(mechlorethamine hydrochloride)、乙酸甲地孕酮(megestrol acetate)、乙酸美侖孕酮(melengestrol acetate)、美法侖(melphalan)、美諾立爾(menogaril)、巰嘌呤(mercaptopurine)、胺甲喋呤(methotrexate)、胺甲喋呤鈉、甲氧沙林(methoxsalen)、氯苯胺啶(metoprine)、美妥替哌(meturedepa)、米丁度胺(mitindomide)、米特卡辛(mitocarcin)、絲裂紅素(mitocromin)、米托潔林(mitogillin)、米托馬星(mitomalcin)、絲裂黴素C(mitomycin C)、米托司培(mitosper)、米托坦(mitotane)、鹽酸米托蒽醌(mitoxantrone hydrochloride)、黴酚酸(mycophenolic acid)、苯丙酸南諾龍(nandrolone phenpropionate)、奈拉濱(nelarabine)、尼洛替尼(nilotinib)、諾考達唑(nocodazoie)、諾非單抗(nofetumomab)、諾拉黴素(nogalamycin)、奧法單抗(ofatumumab)、奧普瑞白介素(oprelvekin)、奧馬鉑(ormaplatin)、奧沙利鉑(oxaliplatin)、奧昔舒侖(oxisuran)、紫杉酚(paclitaxel)、帕利夫明(palifermin)、鹽酸帕洛諾司瓊(palonosetron hydrochloride)、帕米膦酸鹽(pamidronate)、培非司亭(pegfilgrastim)、培美曲塞二鈉(pemetrexed disodium)、噴司他丁(pentostatin)、帕尼單抗(panitumumab)、鹽酸帕唑帕尼(pazopanib hydrochloride)、培美曲塞二鈉、普樂沙福(plerixafor)、普拉曲沙(pralatrexate)、培門冬酶(pegaspargase)、培利黴素(peliomycin)、戊氮芥(pentamustine)、硫酸培洛黴素(peplomycin sulfate)、培磷醯胺(perfosfamide)、哌泊溴烷(pipobroman)、哌泊舒凡(piposulfan)、鹽酸吡羅蒽醌(piroxantrone hydrochloride)、普利黴素(plicamycin)、普洛美坦(plomestane)、卟吩姆鈉(porfimer sodium)、泊非黴素(porfiromycin)、潑尼氮芥(prednimustine)、鹽酸丙卡巴肼(procarbazine hydrochloride)、嘌呤黴素(puromycin)、鹽酸嘌呤黴素(puromycin hydrochloride)、吡唑黴素(pyrazofurin)、奎納克林(quinacrine)、鹽酸雷洛昔芬(raloxifene hydrochloride)、拉布立酶(rasburicase)、重組HPV二價疫苗、重組HPV四價疫苗、利波腺苷(riboprine)、羅穀亞胺(rogletimide)、利妥昔單抗(rituximab)、羅米地辛(romidepsin)、羅米司亭(romiplostim)、沙芬戈(safingol)、鹽酸沙芬戈、沙格司亭(sargramostim)、司莫司汀(semustine)、辛曲秦(simtrazene)、西普魯塞T(sipuleucel-T)、索拉非尼(sorafenib)、磷乙醯天冬胺酸鈉(sparfosate sodium)、司帕黴素(sparsomycin)、鹽酸螺旋鍺(spirogemianium hydrochloride)、螺莫司汀(spiromustine)、螺鉑(spiroplatin)、鏈黑菌素(streptonigrin)、鏈脲菌素(streptozocin)、磺氯苯脲(sulofenur)、蘋果酸舒尼替尼(sunitinib malate)、他利黴素(talisomycin)、檸檬酸他莫昔芬(tamoxifen citrate)、替可加蘭鈉(tecogalan sodium)、喃氟啶(tegafur)、鹽酸替洛蒽醌(teloxantrone hydrochloride)、替莫唑胺(temozolomide)、替莫泊芬(temoporfin)、坦羅莫司(temsirolimus)、替尼泊甙(teniposide)、替羅昔隆(teroxirone)、睾內酯(testolactone)、沙立度胺(thahdomide)、硫咪嘌呤(thiamiprine)、硫鳥嘌呤(thioguanine)、塞替派(thiotepa)、噻唑羧胺核苷(tiazofurin)、替拉紮明(tirapazamine)、鹽酸托泊替坎(topotecan hydrochloride)、托瑞米芬(toremifene)、托西莫單抗(tositumomab)及I l3l碘托西莫單抗、曲妥珠單抗、乙酸曲托龍(trestolone acetate)、維甲酸(tretinoin)、磷酸曲西立濱(triciribine phosphate)、三甲曲沙(trimetrexate)、葡醛酸三甲曲沙(trimetrexate glucuronate)、曲普瑞林(triptorelin)、鹽酸妥布氯唑(tubulozole hydrochloride)、尿嘧啶氮芥(uracil mustard)、烏瑞替派(uredepa)、戊柔比星(valrubicin)、伐普肽(vapreotide)、維替泊芬(verteporfin)、長春鹼(vinblastine)、硫酸長春鹼(vinblastine sulfate)、硫酸長春新鹼(vincristine sulfate)、長春地辛(vindesine)、硫酸長春地辛(vindesine sulfate)、硫酸長春匹定(vinepidine sulfate)、硫酸長春甘酯(vinglycinate sulfate)、硫酸環氧長春鹼(vinleurosine sulfate)、酒石酸長春瑞濱(vinorelbine tartrate)、硫酸異長春鹼(vinrosidine sulfate)、硫酸長春利定(vinzolidine sulfate)、伏立諾他(vorinostat)、伏氯唑(vorozole)、折尼鉑(zeniplatin)、淨司他丁(zinostatin)、唑來膦酸(zoledronic acid)、及鹽酸佐柔比星(zorubicin hydrochloride)。
在一些實施例中,組合使用式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與止吐劑來治療源自使用式(I)化合物、抗癌藥及/或放射療法之噁心或嘔吐。
在一些實施例中,組合使用式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與用於治療貧血或嗜中性白血球減少症之藥劑。
在一些實施例中,將式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與皮質類固醇一起投與。
在一些實施例中,將式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與鎮痛藥共投與。
在一些實施例中,組合使用式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與放射療法(radiation therapy或radiotherapy)。放射療法係使用電離輻射來治療癌症及其他疾病。視需要使用放射療法來治療局部實體腫瘤,例如皮膚、舌、喉、腦、乳房、前列腺、結腸、子宮及/或子宮頸之癌症。亦視需要使用其來治療白血病及淋巴瘤(分別係形成血液之細胞及淋巴系統之癌症)。
用於將輻射遞送至癌細胞之技術係直接將放射性植入物置於腫瘤或體腔中。此稱為內部放射療法(近距離放射療法、間質內輻照、及腔內輻照係內部放射療法之類型)。使用內部放射療法,輻射劑量集中於較小區域,且使患者在醫院中逗留數日。內部放射療法通常用於舌、子宮、前列腺、結腸、及子宮頸之癌症。術語「放射療法」或「電離輻射」包含所有形式之輻射,包含但不限於α、β及γ輻射及紫外光。
僅出於例示性目的提供該等實例且並不限制本文所提供申請專利範圍之範圍。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒、橡膠隔片、及N2
入口之250-mL圓底燒瓶中裝填5-溴-1H-吲唑(10 g,50.7 mmol)及無水DCM(101 mL)。在室溫下,向此溶液中一次性添加DHP(23 mL,253.8 mmol),隨後添加PPTS(1.28 g,5 mmol)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌48 h。完成TLC後,使用水將反應混合物驟冷並使用DCM(3x100 mL)萃取。使用水(100 mL)洗滌合併之有機萃取物,使用鹽水(50 mL)洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾,濃縮,並藉由矽膠層析(存於己烷中之0-10%乙酸乙酯)純化以得到淺黃色油狀物形式之標題化合物(13 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.10(s,1H),8.02(d,1H),7.73(d,1H),7.53(dd,1H),5.86(dd,1H),3.89-3.85(m,1H),3.73-3.69(m,1H),2.43-2.31(m,1H),2.06-1.92(m,2H),1.80-1.64(m,1H),1.60-150(m,2H)。
向250-mL壓力管中添加5-溴-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(11.9 g,42.3 mmol;中間體1)、Pd(Ph3
P)2
Cl2
(1.48 g,0.05 mmol)、CuI(0.8 g,4.2 mmol)及THF/三乙胺(5:1,85 mL)。使用三個真空/N2
循環對此混合物進行脫氣,且然後添加三甲基甲矽烷基乙炔(9 mL,63.5 mmol)。密封壓力管且在80℃下加熱2天。完成LCMS後,將反應混合物冷卻至室溫並經由矽藻土(Celite)使用乙酸乙酯(200 mL)過濾。濃縮濾液以得到直接用於下一步驟之粗產物。LCMS: 299(M+H)+
。
注意:
對於此化合物及使用此反應合成之其他化合物,使用胺(例如三乙胺或吡咯啶)作為唯一溶劑來採用替代程序。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒、橡膠隔片、及N2
入口之250-mL圓底燒瓶中裝填存於MeOH中之1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-5-((三甲基甲矽烷基)乙炔基)-1H-吲唑(12.6 g,42.2 mmol)的溶液。向此溶液中一次性添加固體K2
CO3
(0.58 g,4.2mmol)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌4 h。完成TLC後,過濾反應混合物,濃縮,並藉由矽膠層析(存於己烷中之0-10%乙酸乙酯)純化以得到淺黃色固體形式之標題化合物(4.7 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.13(s,1H),7.96(s,1H),7.75(d,1H),7.47(dd,1H),5.86(dd,1H),4.10(s,1H),3.90-3.86(m,1H),3.78-3.68(m,1H),2.43-2.32(m,1H),2.06-1.93(m,2H),1.81-1.66(m,1H),1.60-1.50(m,2H)。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒、橡膠隔片、及N2
入口之250-mL圓底燒瓶中裝填5-乙炔基-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(4.2 g,18.6 mmol;中間體2)及無水THF/TMEDA(9:1,93 mL)。將此溶液在IPA/乾冰浴中冷卻至-78℃,且經15分鐘逐滴添加n-BuLi(17.4 mL己烷溶液,27.84 mmol)。將所得混合物在-78℃下攪拌30分鐘,且然後經5分鐘逐滴添加碘乙烷(2.23 mL,27.84 mmol)。將混合物逐漸升溫至室溫,攪拌1h,且然後在40℃下加熱過夜。完成LCMS後,將反應混合物冷卻至室溫,使用水(100 mL)驟冷,並使用乙酸乙酯(2x100 mL)萃取。使用水(100 mL)洗滌合併之有機物,使用鹽水(50 mL)洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾,濃縮,並藉由矽膠層析(存於己烷中之0-10%乙酸乙酯)純化以得到淺黃色固體形式之標題化合物(1.42g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.08(s,1H),7.82(s,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.39(d,1H),5.84(dd,1H),3.89-3.86(m,1H),3.76-3.72(m,1H),2.45-2.36(m,3H),2.04-1.94(m,2H),1.74(m,1H),1.57-1.20(m,2H),1.16(t,3H);LCMS: 255(M+H)+
。
注意:
對於此化合物及使用此反應製得之其他化合物,已在0℃下於THF中使用雙(三甲基甲矽烷基)醯胺鋰作為鹼,隨後在回流下使用烷基鹵化物實施烷基化。
自已知或商業起始材料根據針對中間體1-3所示之程序來製備表2中之中間體。
使用三個真空/氮循環對5-溴-4-甲基-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(915 mg,3.10 mmol;根據針對中間體1所示之程序自5-溴-4-甲基-1H-吲唑製得)、碘化亞銅(72 mg,0.38 mmol)、四氯鈀鈉(55 mg,0.19 mmol)、2-(二-第三丁基膦基)-1-苯基-1H-吲哚(128 mg,0.379 mmol)、及TMEDA:H2
O(9:1,10 mL)之混合物進行脫氣。向反應中添加乙炔基三甲基矽烷,且將混合物在80℃下加熱90 min且然後冷卻至室溫。經由矽藻土過濾反應混合物且使用乙酸乙酯(100 mL)洗滌矽藻土。洗滌(2 x 50 mL飽和NaHCO3
)濾液,乾燥(Na2
SO4
),並在減壓下濃縮。在矽膠管柱上純化粗製材料以得到期望化合物。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.24(s,1H),7.54(d,1H),7.39(d,1H),5.82(dd,1H),3.88(m,1H),3.71(m,1H),2.63(s,3H),2.39(m,1H),2.00(m,2H),1.72(m,1H),1.58(m,2H),0.24(s,9H);LCMS: 313(M+H)+
根據針對中間體2(步驟2)及中間體3所示之程序自4-甲基-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-5-((三甲基甲矽烷基)乙炔基)-1H-吲唑製備標題化合物。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 7.97(s,1H),7.27(d,1H),7.11(d,1H),5.59(dd,1H),3.58(m,1H),3.50(m,1H),2.38(s,3H),2.17(q,2H),2.13(m,1H),1.77(m,2H),1.50(m,1H),1.36(m,2H),0.98(t,3H)。
根據針對中間體12所示之程序自5-溴-6-甲基-1H-吲唑製備表3中之中間體。
向1L三頸圓底燒瓶中裝填5-溴-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(31.2 g,111 mmol;中間體1)及三乙胺(500 mL)。使用三個真空/N2
循環對燒瓶進行脫氣,隨後在N2
氣氛下添加Pd(PPh3
)2
Cl2
(7.7 g,11 mmol)及CuI(2.1 g,11 mmol)。使用三個真空/N2
循環對燒瓶再次進行脫氣。然後經由注射器添加乙炔基環丙烷(70%,存於甲苯中,20.9 g,222 mmol)且將反應混合物在80℃下攪拌16小時。完成後,蒸發溶劑。使用二氯甲烷(600 mL)稀釋殘餘物,使用水(2x200 mL)及鹽水(200 mL)洗滌,藉由無水硫酸鈉乾燥,並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠管柱(1:100-1:20 EtOAc/石油醚)上進一步純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(27.0 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.09(s,1H),7.82(s,1H),7.70(d,1H),7.39(m,1H),5.84(dd,1H),3.91-3.87(m,1H),3.78-3.73(m,1H),2.52-2.37(m,1H),2.05-1.94(m,2H),1.76-1.72(m,1H),1.60-1.52(m,3H),0.92-0.87(m,2H),0.78-0.73(m,2H);LCMS: 267(M+H)+
。
在N2
氣氛下,向存於三乙胺(30 mL)中之5-溴-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(3.0 g,10.7 mmol;中間體1)、Pd(PPh3
)2
Cl2
(1.03 g,1.07 mmol)及CuI(203 mg,1.07 mmol)之混合物中添加4-甲基戊-1-炔(2.23 g,27.8 mmol)。將所得混合物在80℃及N2
氣氛下攪拌16小時。完成後,使用EtOAc稀釋反應混合物並過濾。使用水(3x10 mL)洗滌濾液,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至10% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供黃色固體形式之標題化合物(2.2 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.09(s,1H),7.84(s,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.39(dd,1H),5.83(dd,1H),3.90-3.86(m,1H),3.77-3.73(m,1H),2.42-2.32(m,1H),2.33(d,2H),2.05-1.94(m,2H),1.86(m,1H),1.76-1.71(m,1H),1.60-1.54(m,2H),1.02(d,6H);LCMS: 283(M+H)+
。
向500 mL三頸圓底燒瓶中裝填5-溴-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(14.0 g,50 mmol;中間體1)及三乙胺(300 mL)。使用3個真空/N2
循環對燒瓶進行脫氣,隨後在N2
氣氛下添加Pd(PPh3
)2
Cl2
(3.5 g,5 mmol)及CuI(0.95 g,5 mmol)。使用3個真空/N2
循環對燒瓶再次進行脫氣。經由注射器添加丙-2-炔-1-醇(8.4 g,150 mmol)且將反應混合物在80℃下攪拌16小時。完成後,蒸發溶劑。使用二氯甲烷(400 mL)稀釋殘餘物,使用水(3x200 mL)及鹽水(200 mL)洗滌,藉由無水硫酸鈉乾燥,並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠管柱(1:100-1:20 EtOAc/石油醚)上進一步純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(11.1 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.13(s,1H),7.90(s,1H),7.75(d,1H),7.44(d,1H),5.86(dd,1H),5.33(t,1H),4.33(d,2H),3.89-3.86(m,1H),3.79-3.73(m,1H),2.45-2.35(m,1H),2.05-1.95(m,2H),1.80-1.70(m,1H),1.60-1.56(m,2H);LCMS: 257(M+H)+
。
在N2
氣氛下,向5-溴-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(17.0 g,60.7 mmol;中間體1)、Pd(PPh3
)2
Cl2
(5.80 g,6.07 mmol)、CuI(1.20 g,6.07 mmol)、及三乙胺(170 mL)之混合物中添加丁-3-炔-1-醇(6.80 g,97.2 mmo1)。將所得混合物在80℃及N2
氣氛下攪拌16小時。完成後,使用EtOAc稀釋反應混合物並使用水(3x50 mL)洗滌。藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥有機層並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之30至50% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(8.0 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.09(s,1H),7.83(s,1H),7.70(d,1H),7.40(d,1H),5.84(dd,1H),4.90(br,1H),3.91-3.87(m,1H),3.77-3.70(m,1H),3.60(t,2H),2.56(t,2H),2.48-2.33(m,1H),2.04-1.94(m,2H),1.76-1.69(m,1H),1.60-1.55(m,2H);LCMS:271(M+H)+
。
在10℃下,向存於CH3
CN(500 mL)中之3-氟-2-甲基苯胺(20 g,0.16 mol)之溶液中逐份添加NBS(31.3 g,0.176 mol)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。完成後,在10℃下將飽和Na2
S2
O3
(500 mL)緩慢添加至反應混合物中。分離有機層,且使用EtOAc萃取水層。藉由Na2
SO4
亁燥合併之有機層並在真空中濃縮。使用石油醚洗滌殘餘物以提供標題化合物(20 g),該標題化合物未經進一步純化即用於下一步驟。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 7.08(t,1H),6.40(dd,1H),5.35(br,2H),1.98(d,3H)。
在10℃下,向存於CH3
CO2
(600 mL)中之4-溴-3-氟-2-甲基苯胺(20 g,98.0 mmol)之溶液中添加NaNO2
(8.1 g,118 mmol)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌4小時。完成後,向反應混合物中添加NaOH水溶液(50%)直至pH為約7-8為止。使用EtOAc萃取混合物。藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥有機層並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至40%EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(16 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 13.58(br,1H),8.22(s,1H),7.53(t,1H),7.38(d,1H)。
在室溫下,向存於無水二氯甲烷(1000 mL)中之5-溴-4-氟-1H-吲唑(50 g,0.23 mol)及DHP(23 g,0.28 mol)之混合物中添加PTSA(2.2 g,11.5 mmol)。將所得混合物在該溫度下攪拌過夜。完成後,將NaHCO3
飽和水溶液(100 mL)緩慢添加至反應混合物中。分離有機層,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥,並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至2% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物且然後自石油醚重結晶以提供標題化合物(55 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
,): δ 8.28(s,1H),7.58-7.66(m,2H),5.89(dd,1H),3.90-3.85(m,1H),3.79-3.70(m,1H),2.42-2.29(m,1H),2.06-1.94(m,2H),1.77-1.68(m,1H),1.60-1.53(m,2H);LCMS: 299(M+H)+
。
在高壓管中,使用三個真空/氮循環將5-溴-4-氟-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(8.0 g,26.8 mmol;中間體18)、PdCl2
(PPh3
)2
(3.7 g,5.35 mmol)、CuI(1.0 g,5.35 mmol)、及三乙胺(30 mL)之混合物去氧。在N2
氣氛下添加乙炔基環丙烷(8.9 g,134 mmol)。將管密封並將反應混合物在120℃下加熱63小時。完成後,使用乙酸乙酯稀釋反應混合物並經由矽藻土過濾。在真空中濃縮濾液且藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至10%乙酸乙酯)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(4.3 g)。1
H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.25(s,1H),7.55(d,1H),7.40(dd,1H),5.88(dd,1H),3.88-3.85(m,1H),3.76-3.73(m,2H),2.43-2.33(m,1H),2.05-1.95(m,2H),1.76-1.72(m,1H),1.62-1.56(m,3H),0.93-0.89(m,2H),0.79-0.74(m,2H);LCMS: 285(M+H)+
。
根據針對中間體14-17、及19所示之程序自中間體1來製備表4中之中間體。
在N2
氣氛下,向存於無水吡啶(10 mL)中之4-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-3-炔-1-醇(1.0 g,3.7 mmol;中間體17)之溶液中逐滴添加POCl3
(2.4 g,14.7 mmol)。將所得溶液於室溫下攪拌16小時。完成後,在真空中濃縮反應混合物。將殘餘物傾倒至冰-水中並使用EtOAc(2x10 mL)萃取。使用鹽水洗滌合併之有機層,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠管柱(存於石油醚中之0約20% EtOAc)上進一步純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(400 mg)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.11(s,1H),7.86(s,1H),7.72(d,1H),7.42(dd,1H),5.86(dd,1H),3.90-3.86(m,1H),3.81(t,2H),3.77-3.70(m,1H),2.93(t,2H),2.41-2.34(m,1H),2.05-1.94(m,2H),1.75-1.71(m,1H),1.60-1.55(m,2H);LCMS: 289(M+H)+
。
向500 mL三頸圓底燒瓶中裝填3-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丙-2-炔-1-醇(11.4 g,44.2 mmol;中間體16)、二氯甲烷(300 mL)及MnO2
(38.4 g,442 mmol)。在室溫下將所得混合物攪拌16小時。完成後,過濾反應混合物。藉由無水硫酸鈉乾燥濾液並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(1:100-1:20 EtOAc/石油醚)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(6.4 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 9.45(s,1H),8.27-8.25(m,2H),7.87(d,1H),7.66(dd,1H),5.86(dd,1H),3.91-3.87(m,1H),3.79-3.72(m,1H),2.40-2.36(m,1H),2.05-1.96(m,2H),1.78-1.72(m,1H),1.61-1.56(m,2H);LCMS: 255(M+H)+
。
在N2
氣氛下,向500 mL圓底燒瓶中裝填無水二氯甲烷(200 mL)、三乙胺-3HF(8.06 g,50.1 mmol)及XtalFluor-E(8.61 g,37.6 mmol)。將所得溶液在室溫下攪拌10分鐘。添加3-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丙炔醛(3.21 g,12.5 mmol),且將混合物在室溫下攪拌1小時。完成後,向混合物中添加飽和NaHCO3
(100 mL)。分離有機層,並使用二氯甲烷(2x100 mL)萃取水層。藉由Na2
SO4
亁燥合併之有機層並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(1:100-1:20 EtOAc/石油醚)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(1.71 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz.DMSO-d6
): δ 8.20(s,1H),8.14(s,1H),7.83(d,1H),7.58(dd,1H),6.99(t,1H),5.90(dd,1H),3.90-3.87(m,1H),3.79-3.73(m,1H),2.45-2.37(m,1H),2.05-1.96(m,2H),1.79-1.65(m,1H),1.60-1.56(m,2H);LCMS: 277(M+H)+
。
向存於無水二氯甲烷(25 mL)中之4-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-3-炔-1-醇(1.0 g,3.7 mmol;中間體17)之溶液中添加三乙胺-3HF(1.2 g,7.4 mmol)。然後添加XtalFluor-E(1.2 g,5.5 mmol)。將所得溶液在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。完成後,藉由緩慢添加飽和NaHCO3
(10 mL)中和反應溶液。藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥有機層並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至20% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(100 mg)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.12(s,1H),7.88(s,1H),7.73(d,1H),7.42(dd,1H),5.86(dd,1H),4.60(dt,2H),3.88(m,1H),3.78-3.71(m,1H),2.89(dt,2H),2.48-2.34(m,1H),2.06-1.95(m,2H),1.78-1.72(m,1H),1.58(m,2H);LCMS: 273(M+H)+
。
在10℃下,向存於CH3
CO2
H(40 mL)中之4-碘-2-甲基苯胺(1.09 g,4.68 mmol)之溶液中添加NaNO2
(0.39 g,5.65 mmol)及水(1 mL)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌6小時。完成後,使用EtOAc萃取反應混合物。藉由Na2
SO4
亁燥合併之有機層並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至40% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(0.90 g)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,400 MHz):δ 13.23(br,1H),8.18(s,1H),8.02(s,1H),7.57(d,1H),7.41(d,1H)。
在室溫下,向存於無水二氯甲烷(20 mL)中之5-碘-1H-吲唑(0.90 g,3.69 mmol)及DHP(1.57 g,18.7 mmol)之混合物中添加PTSA(0.08 g,0.41 mmol)。將所得混合物攪拌過夜。完成後,將NaHCO3
飽和水溶液(30 mL)緩慢添加至反應混合物中。分離有機層,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥,並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至5% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(1.0 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.21(s,1H),8.08(s,1H),7.67(dd,1H),7.61(d,1H),5.85(dd,1H),3.88-3.85(m,1H),3.78-3.72(m,1H),2.41-2.29(m,1H),2.05-1.95(m,2H),1.77-1.72(m,1H),1.61-1.56(m,2H)。
在-78℃下,向存於無水THF(10 mL)中之LDA(2 M,存於THF中,3.2 mL,6.4 mmol)之溶液中逐滴添加2-溴-3,3,3-三氟丙-1-烯(0.55 g,3.1 mmol)。將所得混合物在該溫度下攪拌15分鐘,隨後添加ZnCl2
(1 M,存於乙醚中,6.5 mL,6.5 mmol)及TMEDA(1 mL,6.5 mmol)。將混合物在-78℃下進一步攪拌30分鐘且然後在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。添加5-碘-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(0.99 g,3.0 mmol)及Pd(PPh3
)4
(0.21 g,0.18 mmol)。將反應混合物在80℃及N2
氣氛下加熱6小時。完成後,使用水(100 mL)將反應混合物驟冷且然後使用乙酸乙酯(300 mL)稀釋。分離有機層,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥,並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至20% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(299 mg)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.28(s,1H),8.24(s,1H),7.87(d,1H),7.68(dd,1H),5.91(dd,1H),3.90-3.86(m,1H),3.79-3.72(m,1H),2.41-2.36(m,1H),2.05-1.96(m,2H),1.76-1.72(m,1H),1.60-1.56(m,2H);LCMS: 295(M+H)+
。
在N2
氣氛下,向5-溴-4-氟-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(2.80 g,9.36 mmol,中間體18)、Pd(PPh3
)2
Cl2
(660 mg,0.94 mmol)、CuI(180 mg,0.94 mmol)、及三乙胺(50 mL)之混合物中添加丁-3-炔-1-醇(2.0 g,28.1 mmol)。將所得混合物在60℃下攪拌16小時。完成後,使用EtOAc稀釋反應混合物,並使用水(3x10 mL)洗滌。藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥有機層並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠管柱(存於石油醚中之0至20% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(2.0 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.33(s,1H),7.64(d,1H),7.49(dd,1H),5.94(dd,1H),4.99(t,1H),3.98-3.92(m,1H),3.85-3.77(m,1H),3.68(t,2H),2.67(t,2H),2.48-2.35(m,1H),2.12-2.02(m,2H),1.84.-1.78(m,1H),1.68-1.62(m,2H)。
向存於吡啶(50 mL)中之4-(4-氟-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-3-炔-1-醇(4.6 g,16.0 mmol)之混合物中添加POCl3
(10.3 g,67.3 mmol)。將所得溶液於室溫下攪拌2小時。完成後,將反應溶液傾倒至水(250 mL)中並使用EtOAc萃取。藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥有機層並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠管柱(存於石油醚中之0至10% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(2.62 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.13(s,1H),7.58(d,1H),7.43(dd,1H),5.87(dd,1H),3.90-3.69(m,2H),3.83(t,2H),2.98(t,1H),2.41-2.29(m,1H),2.06-1.94(m,2H),1.78-1.70(m,1H),1.60-1.54(m,2H);LCMS: 307(M+H)+
。
向存於無水二氯甲烷(100 mL)中之4-(4-氟-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-3-炔-1-醇(3.4 g,11.8 mmol;中間體29,步驟1)之溶液中添加三乙胺-3HF(7.6 g,47.2 mmol)。然後添加XtalFluor-E(8.0 g,34.9 mmol)。將所得溶液在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。完成後,藉由緩慢添加飽和NaHCO3
(30 mL)中和反應溶液。藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥有機層並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至20% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物,且然後自石油醚重結晶以提供標題化合物(1.3 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.27(s,1H),7.58(d,1H),7.44(dd,1H),5.89(dd,1H),4.60(dt,2H),3.91-3.85(m,1H),3.80-3.69(m,1H),2.93(dt,2H),2.46-2.28(m,1H),2.06-1.95(m,2H),1.78-1.67(m,1H),1.60-1.52(m,2H);LCMS: 291(M+H)+
。
在0℃下,將氫化鈉(60%,存於礦物油中,0.42 g,10.5mmol)添加至存於THF(20 mL)中之3-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丙-2-炔-1-醇(1.01 g,3.94 mmol;中間體16)之溶液中。將混合物在0℃下攪拌30分鐘,且然後添加碘甲烷(1.67 g,11.8 mmol)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌16 h。將反應混合物傾倒至冰水(100 mL)中並使用EtOAc(3x100 mL)萃取。使用鹽水(100 mL)洗滌合併之有機層,藉由無水硫酸鈉乾燥,並於真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(EtOAc/石油醚=1:30)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(0.714 g,產率為67.3%)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,300 MHz): δ 8.21(s,1H),7.93(s,1H),7.73(d,1H),7.47-7.45(m,1H),5.85-5.83(m,1H),4.38(s,2H),3.76-3.71(m,2H),3.35(s,3H),2.40-2.37(m,1H),2.03-1.94(m,2H),1.73-1.72(m,1H),1.57-1.55(m,2H)。LCMS: 271(M+H)+
。
根據針對中間體16、17、及31所示之程序自中間體1來製備表5中之中間體。
向3 L三頸圓底燒瓶中裝填(三甲基甲矽烷基)丙炔(116 g,1.19 mol)及無水THF(400 mL)。將溶液冷卻至-78℃。經2小時向此溶液中逐滴添加存於己烷中之丁基鋰(2.5 M,500 mL,1.25 mol)。將所得混合物升溫至0℃保持10分鐘且然後再冷卻至-78℃。添加HMPA(234 g,1.31 mol),且將混合物在-78℃下攪拌30分鐘。向此溶液中添加碘乙烷(200 g,1.28 mol)。使反應混合物升溫至室溫並攪拌過夜。完成後,使用水(4x600 mL)且然後使用鹽水(2x500 mL)洗滌反應混合物。藉由無水硫酸鈉乾燥有機層並過濾。在75℃至110℃下蒸餾掉己烷及THF。在125℃至135℃之間蒸餾丁-1-炔-1-基三甲基矽烷以提供91 g無色液體(61%)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
) δ 2.20(q,2H),1.05(t,3H),0.11(s,9H);13
C NMR(100 MHz,CDCl3
): δ 108.8,83.3,13.7,13.4,0.0。
使用三個真空/氮循環對5-溴-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(39.6 g,0.142 mol;中間體1)、Cs2
CO3
(60.0 g,184 mmol)、CuI(1.35 g,7.08 mmol)、Pd(OAc)2
(1.59 g,7.08 mmol)、dppf(3.93 g,7.08 mmol)、及DMA(160 mL)之混合物進行脫氣。添加丁-1-炔-1-基三甲基矽烷(23.2 g,184 mmol;中間體35),且將所得混合物在80℃及N2
下加熱5 h。完成LCMS後,使用EtOAc(300 mL)及H2
O(300 mL)稀釋反應混合物且然後過濾。分離濾液之有機層,且使用EtOAc(3x150 mL)萃取水層。使用鹽水(2x100 mL)洗滌合併之有機層,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥,過濾並濃縮。在矽膠管柱(300-400網目,直徑為20 cm且高度為15 cm)上使用EtOAc/石油醚(1 L石油醚;然後1 L EtOAc/石油醚=1/50;且然後EtOAc/石油醚=1/30直至洗滌掉副產物為止;然後EtOAc/石油醚=1/10以收集產物)純化殘餘物以提供黃色油狀物(33 g),該黃色油狀物在4℃冰箱中隨時間流逝發生固化。使用石油醚(200 mL,然後3x50 mL)進一步洗滌所得固體以提供灰白色固體形式之標題化合物(26 g,73%)。
使氮鼓泡通過5-溴-4-氟-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(19.7 g,65.9 mmol;中間體18)及DMA(60 mL)之溶液中。5 min後,在連續N2
鼓泡下依序添加CuI(1.25 g,6.6 mmol)、Pd(OAc)2
(1.48 g,6.6 mmol)、dppf(3.66 g,6.6 mmol)、Cs2
CO3
(34.3 g,105.4 mmol)、及丁-1-炔-1-基三甲基矽烷(11.6 g,92.3 mmol;中間體35)。將所得混合物在N2
下於80℃下加熱18h。使用EtOAc(900 mL)及H2
O(500 mL)稀釋反應混合物且然後過濾。分離濾液之有機層,且使用EtOAc(2x100 mL)萃取水層。使用鹽水(3x100 mL)洗滌合併之有機層,藉由無水Na2
SO4
乾燥,濃縮,並藉由矽膠層析(1:30 EtOAc/石油醚)純化以得到白色固體形式之標題化合物(15.2 g)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,400 MHz): δ 8.26(s,1H),7.57(d,1H),7.42(dd,1H),5.87(dd,1H),3.90-3.86(m,1H),3.78-3.71(m,1H),2.48(q,2H),2.40-2.30(m,1H),2.05-1.95(m,2H),1.77-1.71(m,1H),1.59-1.57(m,2H),1.19(t,3H);LCMS: 273(M+H)+
。
在10℃下,向存於CH3
CN(300 mL)中之3-氯-2-甲基苯胺(30 g,0.212 mol)之溶液中逐份添加NBS(45.2 g,0.254 mol)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。完成後,在10℃下將飽和Na2
S2
O3
(500 mL)緩慢添加至反應混合物中。分離有機層,且使用EtOAc萃取水層。藉由Na2
SO4
亁燥合併之有機層並在真空中濃縮。使用石油醚洗滌殘餘物以提供標題化合物(30 g),該標題化合物未經進一步純化即用於下一步驟。1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
): δ 7.24(d,1H),6.48(d,1H),3.70(br,2H),2.28(s,3H)。
在10℃下,向存於CH3
CO2
H(450 mL)中之4-溴-3-氯-2-甲基苯胺(11 g,49.9 mmol)之溶液中添加存於H2
O(15 mL)中之NaNO2
(5.4 g,78.3 mmol)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌30分鐘。完成後,使用H2
O(500 mL)稀釋反應混合物並使用EtOAc萃取。藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥有機層並在真空中濃縮。使用石油醚研磨殘餘物以提供黃色固體形式之標題化合物(4.5 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 13.60(s,1H),8.15(s,1H),7.62(d,1H),7.52(d,1H)。
在室溫下,向存於無水二氯甲烷(200 mL)中之5-溴-4-氯-1H-吲唑(8.0 g,34.6 mmol)及DHP(8.72 g,0.104 mol)之混合物中添加PTSA(0.657 g,3.46 mmol)。在室溫下將所得混合物攪拌過夜。完成後,將NaHCO3
飽和水溶液(100 mL)緩慢添加至反應混合物中。分離有機層,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥,並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至3% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(8.9 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.19(s,1H),7.71(m,2H),5.88(dd,1H),3.89-3.84(m,1H),3.79-3.73(m,1H),2.42-2.32(m,1H),2.05-1.95(m,2H),1.75-1.70(m,1H),1.60-1.54(m,2H)。
在20 mL微波管中,使氮鼓泡通過三乙胺(6 mL)10分鐘。在氮氣氛下添加5-溴-4-氯-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(2.00 g,6.34 mmol)、四丁基氟化銨(3.70 g,14.3 mmol)、CuI(0.24 g,1.3 mmol)及Pd(PPh3
)4
(1.46 g,1.26 mmol),並再繼續進行氮鼓泡5分鐘。然後添加丁-1-炔-1-基三甲基矽烷(1.80 g,14.3 mmol;中間體35)且立即密封管。將反應混合物於微波反應器中在120℃下加熱3小時。合併4個該等反應(4x2 g規模/試驗),與水(100 mL)混合,並使用乙酸乙酯(2x100 mL)萃取。藉由Na2
SO4
亁燥合併之有機層並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至3%乙酸乙酯)上純化殘餘物以提供標題化合物(4.5 g,90%),然後使用石油醚(8 mL)研磨該標題化合物。收集固體並乾燥以提供淺黃色粉末(3.5 g)。自乙酸乙酯(2 mL)將此粉末重結晶以提供淺黃色晶體形式之純標題化合物(3.0 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.19(s,1H),7.72(d,1H),7.49(d,1H),5.88(dd,1H),3.89-3.85(m,1H),3.79-3.73(m,1H),2.50(q,2H),2.43-2.33(m,1H),2.05-1.95(m,2H),1.75-1.70(m,1H),1.60-1.55(m,2H),1.21(t,3H);LCMS: 289(M+H)+
。
在60℃下,經30分鐘時間分三份向存於H2
SO4
(150 mL)中之2,3-二氟苯甲醛(42 g,0.296 mol)之溶液中添加NBS(63 g,0.354 mol)。將所得混合物在此溫度及N2
下加熱6小時。處理:將反應混合物傾倒至冰水中。添加石油醚(300 mL),且將混合物攪拌10分鐘。分離有機層,且再次使用石油醚(300 mL)萃取水層。藉由Na2
SO4
亁燥合併之有機層並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至0.5% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以得到5-溴-2,3-二氟苯甲醛(17.4 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
): δ 10.32(s,1H),7.81-7.79(m,1H),7.65-7.60(m,1H)。
將存於DME(80 mL)中之5-溴-2,3-二氟苯甲醛(17.38 g,78.6 mmol)、O-甲基羥胺鹽酸鹽(7.23 g,86.46 mmol)、及K2
CO3
(13 g,94.32 mmol)之混合物在40℃下加熱14 h。處理:過濾反應混合物。在真空中濃縮濾液,且藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至2% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以得到(E)-5-溴-2,3-二氟苯甲醛O-甲基肟(19.65 g)。1
H NMR(CDCl3
,300 MHz): δ 8.20(s,1H),7.76-7.73(m,1H),7.35-7.29(m,1H),4.01(s,3H)。
將(E)-5-溴-2,3-二氟苯甲醛O-甲基肪(19.65 g,78.6 mmol)、水合肼(80 mL)、及無水THF(80 mL)之混合物在90℃下加熱84 h。處理:蒸發有機溶劑。使用EtOAc(400 mL)稀釋所得混合物,使用水(150 mL)洗滌,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥,並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至20% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以得到白色固體形式之5-溴-7-氟-1H-吲唑(9.3 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
): δ 13.83(br,1H),8.16(s,1H),7.87(s,1H),7.45(d,1H)。
在室溫下,向存於無水二氯甲烷(100 mL)中之5-溴-7-氟-1H-吲唑(9.3 g,43.26 mmol)及DHP(4.36 g,51.9 mmol)之混合物中添加PTSA(424 mg,2.16 mmol)。將所得混合物攪拌過夜。處理:向反應混合物中緩慢添加NaHCO3
飽和水溶液(30 mL)。分離有機層,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥,並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至10% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以得到淺黃色固體形式之5-溴-7-氟-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(7.8 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,CDCl3
): δ 7.98(s,1H),7.64(s,1H),7.22(dd,1H),5.84(dd,1H),4.07-4.02(m,1H),3.78-3.71(m,1H),2.62-2.53(m,1H),2.16-2.07(m,2H),1.79-1.71(m,2H),1.63-1.33(m,1H)。
使氮鼓泡通過5-溴-7-氟-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(7.5 g,25.33 mmol)及DMA(100 mL)之溶液。5 min後,在連續N2
鼓泡下依序添加CuI(241 mg,1.27 mmol)、Pd(OAc)2
(284 mg,1.27 mmol)、dppf(704 mg,1.27 mmol)、K2
CO3
(4.89 g,35.46 mmol)、及丁-1-炔-1-基三甲基矽烷(4.46 g,35.46 mmol)。將所得混合物在N2
下於80℃下加熱10h。使用EtOAc(250 mL)及H2
O(200 mL)稀釋反應混合物並過濾。分離濾液之有機層,且使用EtOAc(2x100 mL)萃取水層。使用鹽水(3x50 mL)洗滌合併之有機層,藉由無水Na2
SO4
乾燥,濃縮,並藉由矽膠層析(1:30 EtOAc/石油醚)純化以得到黃色固體形式之純產物(3.6 g)及不純產物(2 g;進一步純化以另外得到1.47 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.19(d,1H),7.68(d,1H),7.26(dd,1H),5.79(dd,1H),3.92-3.87(m,1H),3.69-3.60(m,1H),2.47-2.34(m,1H),2.43(q,2H),2.07-2.02(m,2H),1.76-1.69(m,1H),1.57-1.50(m,2H),1.17(t,3H);LCMS: 273(M+H)+
。
將5-溴-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(10.0 g,35.7 mmol;中間體1)、乙酸(4 mL)、選擇性氟試劑(Selectfluor)(25.3 g,71.4 mmol)、及乙腈(100 mL)之混合物在N2
下回流2 h。將反應冷卻至室溫,使用乙酸乙酯(420 mL)稀釋,且然後使用水(270 mL)洗滌。藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥有機層並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠管柱下使用存於石油醚中之EtOAc(1:20)純化殘餘物以提供黃色固體形式之標題化合物(6.0 g,產率為78.1%)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,400 MHz): δ 12.77(s,1H),7.96(s,1H),7.54(d,1H),7.48(d,1H)。
將存於二氯甲烷(80 mL)中之5-溴-3-氟-1H-吲唑(6.0 g,27.9 mmol)、PTSA(530.7 mg,2.79 mmol)及DHP(3.05 g,36.3 mmol)之混合物在室溫下攪拌18 h。使用二氯甲烷(370 mL)稀釋反應混合物並使用水(230 mL)洗滌。藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥有機層並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠管柱上使用存於石油醚中之EtOAc(1:100至1:15)純化殘餘物以提供黃色固體形式之標題化合物(6.2 g,產率為74.3%)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,400 MHz): δ 7.96(s,1H),7.70(d,1H),7.60(d,1H),5.76(dd,1H),3.84-3.80(m,1H),3.71-3.64(m,1H),2.20-2.15(m,1H),1.97-1.87(m,2H),1.69-1.64(m,1H),1.53-1.47(m,2H))。
向100 mL圓底燒瓶中依序裝填5-溴-3-氟-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(6.2 g,20.7 mmol;中間體39)、DMA(20 mL)、CuI(393.3 mg,2.07 mmol)、Pd(OAc)2
(465.0 mg,2.07 mmol)、dppf(1.1 g,2.07 mmol)、Cs2
CO3
(10.8 g,33.1 mmol)、及丁-1-炔-1-基三甲基矽烷(3.4 g,26.9 mmol;中間體35),同時使N2
鼓泡通過溶液。將所得混合物在N2
下於80℃下加熱10h。使用EtOAc(350 mL)及H2
O(300 mL)稀釋反應混合物並過濾。分離濾液之有機層,且使用EtOAc(2x50 mL)萃取水層。使用鹽水(3x100 mL)洗滌合併之有機層,藉由無水Na2
SO4
乾燥並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠管柱上使用存於石油醚中之EtOAc(1:30)純化殘餘物以提供黃色固體形式之標題化合物(3.9 g,產率為69.1%)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,400 MHz): δ 7.76-7.71(m,2H),7.49(d,1H),5.79(dd,1H),3.88-3.85(m,1H),3.74-3.71(m,1H),2.44(q,2H),2.24-2.21(m,1H),2.01-1.91(m,2H),1.70-1.65(m,1H),1.57-1.54(m,2H),1.18(t,3H);LCMS: 273(M+H)+
。
向500 mL三頸圓底燒瓶中裝填(三甲基甲矽烷基)丙炔(15 g,153 mmol)及無水THF(75 mL)。將溶液冷卻至-78℃,且經30分鐘逐滴添加存於己烷中之正丁基鋰的溶液(2.5 M,75 mL,188mmol)。將所得混合物在0℃下攪拌10分鐘且然後再冷卻至-78℃。添加HMPA(40 g,223mmol),且將混合物在-78℃下攪拌30分鐘。然後添加(溴甲基)環丙烷(20.6 g,153 mmol)。使反應混合物升溫至室溫並攪拌過夜。完成後,依序使用水(4x100 mL)及鹽水(2x100 mL)洗滌反應混合物。藉由無水硫酸鈉乾燥有機層。在75℃至110℃下蒸餾掉己烷及THF,然後在138℃至142℃下蒸餾以提供標題化合物(12 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
):δ 2.27(d,2H),0.91-0.84(m,1H),0.43-0.34(m,2H),0.19-0.14(m,2H),0.11(s,9H)。
在N2
氣氛下,向5-溴-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(4.0 g,14.3 mmol;中間體1)、Pd(PPh3
)2
Cl2
(1.0 g,1.43 mmol)、CuI(271 mg,1.43 mmol)、TBAF(11.2 g,42.8 mmol)、三乙胺(20 mL)、及THF(20 mL)之混合物中添加(3-環丙基丙-1-炔-1-基)三甲基矽烷(7.9 g,42.8 mmol)。將所得混合物在80℃及N2
氣氛下攪拌16小時。完成後,使用EtOAc稀釋反應混合物並過濾。使用水(3x10 mL)洗滌濾液,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥並在真空中濃縮。藉由管柱層析在矽膠(存於石油醚中之0至10% EtOAc)上純化殘餘物以提供黃色固體形式之標題化合物(3.4 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.09(s,1H),7.84(s,1H),7.69(d,1H),7.39(dd,1H),5.83(dd,1H),3.89-3.86(m,1H),3.77-3.70(m,1H),2.49(d,2H),2.43-2.34(m,1H),2.05-1.94(m,2H),1.79-1.71(m,1H),1.60-1.55(m,2H),1.06-0.96(m,1H),0.52-0.46(m,2H),0.30-0.25(m,2H);LCMS: 281(M+H)+
。
在-78℃下,經40分鐘向存於無水Et2
O(500 mL)中之6-氯己-1-炔(100 mL,94.6 g,0.82 mol)之溶液中添加正丁基鋰(2.5 M,存於己烷中,360 mL,0.90 mol)。將所得混合物在-78℃下攪拌30分鐘。然後添加氯三甲基矽烷(125 mL,1.0 mol)。將混合物升溫至室溫並攪拌16 h。在室溫下使用NH4
Cl飽和水溶液(300 mL)小心驟冷反應混合物並使用Et2
O(2x200 mL)萃取。使用鹽水(200 mL)洗滌合併之有機層,藉由無水Na2
SO4
乾燥,並在真空中濃縮以提供標題化合物(144 g,產率為93%)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,400 MHz): δ 3.65(t,2H),2.25(t,2H),1.82-1.75(m,2H),1.58-1.51(m,2H),0.12(s,9H)。
在0℃下,向存於無水THF(1.0 L)中之二異丙胺(153 g,1.52 mol)之溶液中逐滴添加正丁基鋰(2.5 M,存於己烷中,608 mL,1.52 mol)。將混合物在0℃下攪拌20分鐘且然後冷卻至-78℃。向此混合物中逐滴添加存於無水THF(200 mL)中之(6-氯己-1-炔-1-基)三甲基矽烷(144 g,0.76 mol)的溶液。將所得混合物升溫至室溫並攪拌16 h。在室溫下使用NH4
Cl飽和水溶液(500 mL)小心驟冷反應混合物,且然後使用戊烷(2x200 mL)萃取。使用鹽水(500 mL)洗滌合併之有機層並藉由無水Na2
SO4
乾燥。在旋轉蒸發儀上蒸發溶劑。在160-162℃/760托下蒸餾殘餘物以提供無色液體形式之標題化合物(81 g,產率為70%)。1
H NMR(CDCl3
,400 MHz): δ 3.05-3.01(m,1H),2.26-2.20(m,2H),2.17-2.10(m,2H),1.93-1.84(m,2H),0.11(s,9H)。
向100 mL圓底燒瓶中依序裝填5-溴-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(6.8 g,24.2 mmol;中間體1)、DMA(30 mL)、CuI(0.46 g,2.4 mmol)、Pd(OAc)2
(0.55 g,2.4 mmol)、dppf(1.35 g,2.4 mmol)、Cs2
CO3
(11.2 g,34.4 mmol)、及(環丁基乙炔基)三甲基矽烷(5.2 g,34.1 mmol;中間體42),同時使N2
鼓泡通過混合物。將所得混合物在80℃及N2
氣氛下加熱2小時。將反應混合物冷卻至室溫,使用EtOAc(100 mL)及H2
O(100 mL)稀釋並過濾。分離濾液之有機層,且使用額外EtOAc(2x50 mL)萃取水層。使用鹽水(3x100 mL)洗滌合併之有機層,藉由無水Na2
SO4
乾燥並在真空中濃縮。在矽膠管柱上使用存於石油醚中之0-10% EtOAc純化殘餘物以提供黃色油狀物形式之標題化合物(4.8 g,71%)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
): δ 8.08(s,1H),7.82(s,1H),7.68(d,1H),7.39(dd,1H),5.82(dd,1H),3.89-3.85(m,1H),3.76-3.69(m,1H),3.30-3.24(m,1H),2.39-2.26(m,3H),2.19-2.09(m,2H),2.03-1.84(m,4H),1.75-1.70(m,1H),1.58-1.55(m,2H);LCMS: 281(M+H)+
。
根據針對中間體43所示之程序自中間體39及42製備表6中之中間體。
在室溫下,將3,4-二氫-2H-吡喃(1.1-10當量)添加至適當鹵吲唑(1.0當量)、PPTS(或pTsOH,0.05-0.3當量)、及二氯甲烷(約2 mL/mmol)之溶液中。將反應在N2
下攪拌6-48 h(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止),使用水終止反應,且然後使用二氯甲烷萃取。乾燥萃取物,過濾,濃縮,並藉由矽膠層析純化以得到經保護之鹵吲唑。
使用三個真空/氮循環對經適當保護之鹵吲唑(1.0當量)、Cs2
CO3
(1.3-3.0當量)、CuI(0.05-0.2當量)、Pd(OAc)2
(0.05-0.2當量)、dppf(0.05-0.2當量)、及N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(DMA,1-2 mL/mmol)之混合物進行脫氣。添加適當炔基-三甲基矽烷(1.3-2.0當量),且將反應在80℃及N2
下加熱2-24小時(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止)。將反應冷卻至室溫,使用乙酸乙酯及水稀釋,且然後經由矽藻土過濾。分離水層並使用乙酸乙酯萃取。合併有機物,乾燥,過濾,濃縮,且然後藉由矽膠管柱層析純化以得到炔基-吲唑。
注意:
替代鹼包含K2
CO3
及CsF;替代配體包含1,3-雙(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)氯化咪唑鎓及Ph3
P;替代觸媒包含Pd(PPh3
)4
及PdCl2
(PPh3
)2
;替代溶劑包含THF及吡咯啶。水含量似乎影響此反應之速率:在使用無水Cs2
CO3
及無水溶劑時,將1%水(關於溶劑之v/v)添加至反應中,且在Cs2
CO3
及/或溶劑並非係無水時,並不添加水。亦使用替代程序,尤其使用碘吲唑:將適當炔基-三甲基矽烷(2.1當量)添加至TBAF之脫氣溶液(2.0當量,0.5 M,存於THF中)中。5-30 min後,添加適當鹵吲唑(1.0當量)、CuI(0.05-0.3當量)、及Pd(PPh3
)4
(0.05-0.2當量)。將反應在室溫及N2
下攪拌2-24小時(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止),然後使用水稀釋,並使用適當溶劑萃取。合併萃取物,乾燥,過濾,濃縮,且然後藉由矽膠管柱層析純化以得到炔基-吲唑。
注意:
替代觸媒包含PdCl2
(PPh3
)2
;共溶劑包含三乙胺及吡咯啶;在使用溴-雜環時,升高反應溫度(80-120℃)。
使用三個真空/N2
循環對適當炔基-吲唑(1.0當量)、芳基碘化物(3.0當量)、芳基硼酸(3.0當量)、K2
CO3
(3.0當量)、及N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(DMF)/水(2:1,50 mL/mmol)之混合物進行脫氣且然後在45℃下加熱。10 min後(或在溶液均勻時),添加存於DMF中之Pd(PhCN)2
Cl2
(0.01當量)之溶液。將反應在45℃下攪拌4-24 h(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止),冷卻至室溫,使用水終止反應,且然後使用乙酸乙酯萃取。使用水洗滌萃取物,使用鹽水洗滌,乾燥,過濾,濃縮,並藉由矽膠層析純化以得到期望之四取代烯烴。
注意1:
在一些情形下,將所有化學物質在室溫下簡單混合,脫氣,且然後加熱。在其他情形下,最後添加硼酸之DMF/水溶液。
注意2
:在觀察到炔基-吲唑轉化不完全時(尤其使用經鄰位取代之芳基碘化物),添加額外芳基碘化物、芳基硼酸、及K2
CO3
(每次1-3當量),且繼續加熱8-24 h。在一些情形下,重複此過程多次以改良轉化及產率。
使用三個真空/N2
循環對適當炔基-吲唑(1.0當量)、雙(戊醯)二硼(1.01-1.02當量)、Pt(PPh3
)4
(0.0025-0.03當量;注意1)、及溶劑(2 mL/mmol二噁烷、DME、2-MeTHF、PhMe、或DMA;注意2)之溶液進行脫氣,且然後在80-120℃(注意3)及N2
下加熱1-8 h(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止)。將反應冷卻至室溫且然後1)直接用於步驟2;2)濃縮以得到粗製殘餘物[通常係發泡體];或3)濃縮並藉由矽膠層析純化以得到純雙(戊醯)二硼烷基-烯。
注意1
:最通常地,利用0.01當量。注意2
:最通常地,利用2-MeTHF。注意3
:最通常地,將反應回流。
將雙(戊醯)二硼烷基-烯(1.0當量)、適當4-碘芳基-醛(1.0當量)、PdCl2
(PPh3
)2
(0.02-0.1當量;注意1)、Cs2
CO3
(1.3-3當量;注意2)、溶劑(4 mL/mmol:二噁烷、DME、2-MeTHF、PhMe、DMA;注意3及4)、及水(0-3% v/v;注意5)之混合物在20-40℃(注意6)及N2
(注意7)下劇烈攪拌1-24h(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止)。然後將反應液1)直接用於步驟3;或2)處理以分離1-芳基-2-(戊醯)硼基-烯:[使用乙醚(或乙酸乙酯)稀釋反應液並使用水(1-3次)洗滌。使用乙醚(或乙酸乙酯)反萃取水相。合併萃取物,乾燥,過濾,濃縮且然後藉由矽膠層析純化。
注意1
:最通常地,使用0.1當量。替代觸媒包含PdCl2
(dppf)。注意2
:最通常地,使用2或3當量。Cs2
CO3
之水含量會影響此反應,參見注意5。注意3
:最通常地,使用2-MeTHF。注意4
:在將雙(戊醯)二硼烷基-烯以來自步驟1之溶液形式引入此步驟中時,添加溶劑(2 mL/mmol)以製備約4 mL/mmol之最終體積之溶劑。注意5
:最通常地,使用無水Cs2
CO3
及無水溶劑,從而向反應中添加1-2%水(關於溶劑之v/v)。在Cs2
CO3
及/或溶劑並非係無水時,並不添加水。注意6
:最通常地,在室溫下進行反應。注意7
:在一些情形下,使用三個真空/N2
循環對此反應進行脫氣。
使用三個真空/N2
循環對1-芳基-2-(戊醯)硼基-烯(1.0當量)、適當芳基鹵化物(1.3-2當量;注意1)、PdCl2
(PPh3
)2
(0.02-0.1當量;注意2)、溶劑(4 mL/mmol:二噁烷、DME、2-MeTHF、DMSO;注意3及4)、及KOH(3-6 M,5-6當量;注意5)之混合物進行脫氣,且然後在80-100℃(注意6)及N2
下加熱1-24 h(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止)。將反應冷卻至室溫,使用乙醚(或乙酸乙酯)稀釋,並使用水(1-3次)洗滌。使用乙醚(或乙酸乙酯)反萃取水相。合併萃取物,乾燥,過濾,濃縮,且然後藉由矽膠層析純化以得到期望之四取代烯。
注意1
:最通常地,使用1.5當量之芳基碘化物。注意2
:最通常地,使用0.1當量。替代觸媒包含PdCl2
(dppf)。注意3
:最通常地,使用二噁烷、DME、或2-MeTHF。注意4
:在將1-芳基-2-(戊醯)硼基-烯直接自步驟2引入此步驟中時,並不添加其他溶劑或PdCl2
(PPh3
)2
。僅添加芳基鹵化物及KOH。注意5
:最通常地,使用6當量之KOH,且KOH水溶液為4 M或6 M。對於具有敏感官能團之化合物,使用K2
CO3
(6當量,4 M水溶液)代替KOH,且使用DMSO作為唯一溶劑或共溶劑。注意6
:最通常地,將反應回流。
在室溫下,將1,8-二氮雜雙環[5.4.0]十一-7-烯(DBU,1.1當量)逐滴添加至適當芳基-醛(1.0當量)、膦醯基乙酸三乙基酯(1.1-1.3當量)、氯化鋰(2.0當量)、及無水乙腈(2 mL/mmol)之混合物中。將所得混合物攪拌1-4 h(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止)且然後濃縮。添加二氯甲烷(或乙酸乙酯或乙醚),且使用水洗滌混合物,使用鹽水洗滌,乾燥,過濾,濃縮,並藉由矽膠管柱層析純化以得到期望丙烯酸酯。
注意1
:在一些情形下,利用替代膦酸酯試劑以得到期望丙烯酸酯。注意2
:替代反應條件:在-78℃或0℃下使用n-BuLi或NaH(1-2當量)處理1-2當量存於THF中之膦酸酯。然後添加芳基-醛(1當量),且在-78℃、0℃、或室溫下繼續反應直至藉由TLC及/或LCMS完成反應為止。
在室溫下,將HCl溶液(注意1)添加至存於乙醇(2-5 mL/mmol;注意2)中之THP保護之吲唑(1.0當量)的溶液中。將混合物在70℃下(注意3)加熱2-8 h(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止),冷卻至室溫,並濃縮以得到粗產物,將該粗產物直接用於下一步驟或藉由矽膠層析純化。
注意1
:最通常地,使用存於二乙醚中之2 M HCl或存於乙醇中之1.25 M HCl。最通常地,所用HCl溶液之體積為溶劑體積之10%。注意2
:最通常地,濃度為5 mL/mmol。在一些情形下,使用甲醇或異丙醇。注意3
:在一些情形下,將反應在80℃或回流下加熱。
在室溫下,將LiOH之水溶液(2-20當量;注意1)添加至存於乙醇/四氫呋喃(1:1,10 mL/mmol;注意2)中之適當酯的溶液(1.0當量)中,且將混合物攪拌4-24 h(直至完成TLC或LCMS為止)。添加HCl溶液(1 M水溶液)直至pH為3為止(注意3)。使用水稀釋混合物並使用乙酸乙酯(或二氯甲烷或乙醚)萃取。使用水洗滌有機層,使用鹽水洗滌,乾燥,過濾,濃縮,並藉由矽膠層析或製備型HPLC純化以得到期望丙烯酸。
注意1
:最通常地,使用LiOH之2 M水溶液,或將LiOH溶於最少量水中。在一些情形下,使用NaOH或KOH。注意2
:在一些情形下,使用單一溶劑(乙醇、二噁烷、或四氫呋喃)。注意3
:使用替代處理程序,包含:i)使用飽和NH4
Cl代替HCl水溶液,及ii)在酸驟冷前藉由旋轉蒸發去除有機溶劑。
使用3個真空/N2
循環對5-(丁-1-炔-1-基)-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(2.5 g,9.83 mmol,中間體3)、碘苯(6 g,29.5 mmol)、(E)-(4-(3-乙氧基-3-側氧基丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)硼酸(6.49 g,29.5 mmol)、K2
CO3
(4.08 g,29.5 mmol)、及N,N-二甲基甲醯胺/水(2:1,492 mL)之溶液進行脫氣,且然後在45℃下加熱直至其係均勻溶液為止。添加存於N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(0.5 mL)中之Pd(PhCN)2
Cl2
(38 mg,0.098 mmol)之溶液。將所得混合物在45℃下攪拌過夜。完成後,將反應混合物冷卻至室溫,使用水(500 mL)驟冷,並使用乙酸乙酯(3x500 mL)萃取。使用水洗滌合併之有機物,使用鹽水洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾,並濃縮以得到粗產物。在使用存於己烷中之0-50%乙酸乙酯洗脫之矽膠管柱上純化此粗製材料以提供灰白色發泡體形式的標題化合物(3.71 g)。LCMS: 423[(M-THP+H)+H]+
。
在室溫下,向存於乙醇(69 mL)中之(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-苯基-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(3.5 g,6.9 mmol)之溶液中添加HCl(6 mL,2 M,存於二乙醚中)。然後將所得混合物在70℃下加熱2 h。完成後,將混合物冷卻至室溫並濃縮以得到粗產物。在使用存於己烷中之0-100%乙酸乙酯洗脫之矽膠管柱上純化此粗製材料以提供灰白色固體(2.5 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 13.10(s,1H),8.08(s,1H),7.69(s,1H),7.53(d,1H),7.48(d,1H),7.39(d,2H),7.27-7.11(m,6H),6.89(d,2H),6.45(d,1H),4.20(q,2H),2.43(q,2H),1.22(t,3H),0.87(t,3H);LCMS: 423(M+H)+
。
在室溫下,向存於THF-EtOH(1:1,59 mL)中之(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基-丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(2.5 g,5.9 mmol;化合物1)之溶液中添加LiOH水溶液(2.8 g,118 mmol;溶於最少量水中)。將所得混合物攪拌過夜。藉由LCMS監測該反應。完成後,添加1 N HCl水溶液直至pH為3為止。然後,使用水稀釋混合物並使用乙酸乙酯(3x200 mL)萃取。使用水洗滌合併之有機層,使用鹽水洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾,並濃縮以得到粗產物。在使用存於二氯甲烷中之0-20%甲醇洗脫之矽膠管柱上純化此粗製材料以提供淺黃色固體形式之標題化合物(1.9 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 13.11(s,1H),12.30(br,1H),8.08(s,1H),7.65(s,1H),7.53(d,1H),7.43(d,1H),7.37(d,2H),7.29-7.11(m,6H),6.88(d,2H),6.37(d,1H),2.44(q,2H),0.87(t,3H);LCMS: 395(M+H)+
。
根據一般程序C、F、及G自炔基-吲唑中間體製備化合物3至89
。炔基-吲唑中間體已i)闡述於本文中或ii)根據一般程序A及B自已知或市售鹵吲唑進行製備。
化合物90至92
係來自化合物3、12、及13之合成之中間體。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒、橡膠隔片及N2
入口之10-mL回收燒瓶中裝填(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(3-甲氧基苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸(30 mg,0.07 mmol,化合物5)及DCM(1.4 mL)。將此溶液在冰浴中冷卻至0℃。然後,經由注射器逐滴添加BBr3
(88 mg,0.35 mmol)。將反應混合物在0℃下攪拌1 h。完成後,使用甲醇(5 mL)在0℃下終止反應。在減壓下濃縮所得混合物以得到粗產物,將該粗產物在反相C-18管柱(使用存於水中之40-100%乙腈洗脫)在0.1% TFA存在下直接純化以提供灰白色固體形式之標題化合物(11 mg)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 13.11(s,1H),12.32(br,1H),9.23(s,1H),8.08(s,1H),7.62(s,1H),7.52(d,1H),7.45-7.35(m,3H),7.12(d,1H),7.00(t,1H),6.90(d,2H),6.59-6.53(m,3H),6.36(d,1H),2.37(q,2H),0.89(t,3H);LCMS: 411(M+H)+
。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒、橡膠隔片及N2
入口之10-mL回收燒瓶中裝填存於DCM(6 mL)中之(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(2-甲氧基苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(145 mg,0.32 mmol,在合成化合物12中之中間體)。將此溶液在IPA/乾冰浴中冷卻至-78℃。然後,經由注射器逐滴添加BBr3
(241 mg,0.96 mmol)。將反應混合物逐漸升溫至0℃保持1h。完成後,使用甲醇(5 mL)在0℃下終止反應。在減壓下濃縮所得混合物以得到粗產物。然後,將此粗產物溶於THF-EtOH(1:1,6 mL)中,且在室溫下添加LiOH水溶液(0.15 g,6.4 mmol)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。藉由LCMS監測反應。完成後,添加1 N HCl水溶液直至pH為3為止。然後,使用水稀釋混合物並使用乙酸乙酯(3x100 mL)萃取。使用水(100 mL)洗滌合併之有機層,使用鹽水(50 mL)洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾,並濃縮以得到粗產物。在反相C-18管柱(使用存於水中之40-100%乙腈洗脫)上在0.1% TFA存在下純化此粗製材料以提供標題化合物。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 13.07(s,1H),12.34(br,1H),9.33(br,1H),8.08(d,1H),7.65(s,1H),7.53(d,1H),7.40(d,1H),7.32(d,2H),7.15(dd,1H),7.00-6.94(m,3H),6.81-6.76(m,2H),6.57(dt,1H),6.34(d,1H),2.43-2.30(m,2H),0.88(t,3H);LCMS: 411(M+H)+
。
根據針對化合物94所示之程序來製備化合物95
。
根據一般程序C自中間體3、3-碘苯酚、及(E)-(4-(3-乙氧基-3-側氧基丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)硼酸來製備標題化合物。
將碳酸鉀(53 mg,0.38 mmol)添加至存於CH3
CN(1 mL)中之(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-羥基苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(101 mg,0.19 mmol)中。攪拌15 min後,添加碘丁烷(24 μL,0.21 mmol)。將反應在室溫下攪拌15 h。添加額外碘丁烷(24 μL,0.21 mmol)且將反應在60℃下攪拌10 h且然後在室溫下攪拌48 h。使用二氯甲烷稀釋反應並經由矽藻土過濾。濃縮濾液並藉由矽膠層析(存於己烷中之0-20% EtOAc)純化以得到97 mg白色發泡體形式之(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-丁氧基苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.12(s,1H),7.73(d,1H),7.64(s,1H),7.49(d,1H),7.41(d,2H),7.24(dd,1H),7.12(t,1H),6.91(d,2H),6.76(d,1H),6.67-6.72(m,2H),6.48(d,1H),5.86(d,1H),4.15(q,2H),3.86-3.94(m,1H),3.72-3.80(m,3H),2.38-2.46(m,3H),1.96-2.10(m,2H),1.70-1.82(m,1H),1.52-1.63(m,4H),1.31-1.37(m,2H),1.22(t,3H),0.85-0.92(m,6H);LCMS: 495[(M-THP+H)+H]+
。
根據一般程序F及G自(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-丁氧基苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯來製備標題化合物。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 13.11(bs,1H),12.33(bs,1H),8.08(s,1H),7.64(s,1H),7.54(d,1H),7.43(d,1H),7.37(d,2H),7.10-7.17(m,2H),6.91(d,2H),6.75(d,1H),6.66-6.72(m,2H),6.37(d,1H),3.78(t,2H),2.43(q,2H),1.52-1.60(m,2H),1.29-1.38(m,2H),0.85-0.92(m,6H);LCMS: 467(M+H)+
。
根據針對化合物96所示之程序製備化合物97
。
根據一般程序C自中間體3、2-碘硫代苯甲醚、及(E)-(4-(3-乙氧基-3-側氧基丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)硼酸來製備標題化合物。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,300 MHz): δ 8.14(s,1H),7.75(d,1H),7.72-7.65(m,1H),7.44(d,1H),7.35(d,2H),7.29-7.24(m,1H),7.22-7.11(m,3H),7.09-7.03(m,1H),7.01(d,2H),6.44(d,1H),5.85(dd,1H),4.13(q,2H),3.94-3.83(m,1H),3.80-3.68(m,1H),2.47-2.27(m,6H),2.09-1.93(m,2H),1.83-1.69(m,1H),1.67-1.52(m,2H),1.20(t,3H),0.88(t,3H)。
在室溫下,將過硫酸氫鉀(521 mg,0.85 mmol)添加至存於MeOH:H2
O(1:1,6 mL)中之(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-(甲硫基)苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(156 mg,0.28 mmol)的漿液中,且將反應攪拌過夜。添加水及DCM,並將層分離。使用DCM(x2)洗滌水層。合併有機層,使用水洗滌,使用鹽水洗滌,藉由Na2
SO4
乾燥,過濾,並濃縮。在矽膠管柱(使用存於己烷中之0-50%乙酸乙酯洗脫)上純化粗製材料以提供標題化合物。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,300 MHz): δ 8.15(s,1H),7.91(d,1H),7.77-7.71(m,2H),7.49-7.46(m,3H),7.41-7.31(m,4H),7.01(d,2H),6.45(d,1H),5.87(dd,1H),4.12(q,2H),3.92-3.85(m,1H),3.82-3.69(m,1H),2.93(s,3H),2.46-2.27(m,2H),2.09-1.97(m,3H),1.85-1.67(m,1H),1.63-1.51(m,2H),1.18(t,3H),0.83(t,3H)。LCMS: 501[(M-THP+H)+H]+
。
根據一般程序F及G自(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-(甲基磺醯基)苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯來製備標題化合物。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
,300 MHz): δ 13.14(brs,1H),12.29(brs,1H),8.11(d,1H),7.92(dd,1H),7.71(s,1H),7.66-7.54(m,2H),7.53-7.44(m,2H),7.42-7.33(m,3H),7.26(dd,1H),7.01(d,2H),6.34(d,1H),2.94(s,3H),2.42-2.30(m,2H),0.83(t,3H);LCMS: 473(M+H)+
。
根據一般程序C自中間體3、碘苯、及(4-甲醯基苯基)硼酸來製備標題化合物。LCMS: 353[(M-THP+H)+H]+
。
在0℃下,向存於THF(10 mL)中之NaH(80 mg,2 mmol,存於礦物油中之60%分散液)之懸浮液中添加2-(二乙氧基磷醯基)丙酸乙酯(0.36 g,1.5 mmol)。將反應在0℃下攪拌1h,且然後添加(E)-4-(2-苯基-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯甲醛(0.44 g,1 mmol)之THF溶液。將所得混合物逐漸升溫至室溫並攪拌過夜。將反應混合物用飽和氯化銨溶液驟冷並用EtOAc(2x100 mL)萃取。使用水、鹽水洗滌合併之有機層,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾並濃縮以得到淺黃色油狀物形式之粗製材料。LCMS: 437[(M-THP+H)+H]+
。
根據用於F及G之一般程序自(E)-2-甲基-3-(4-((E)-2-苯基-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯來製備標題化合物。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
):δ 13.11(s,1H),12.55(br,1H),8.08(d,1H),7.65(s,1H),7.53(d,1H),7.42(d,1H),7.21-7.11(m,8H),6.90(d,2H),2.40(q,2H),1.92(d,3H),0.87(t,3H);LCMS: 409(M+H)+
。
根據針對化合物99所示之程序或一般程序C、E、F及G自適當硼酸或膦酸酯來製備化合物100至109
。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒、回流冷凝器、內部溫度計、及N2
入口之圓底燒瓶中裝填5-(丁-1-炔-1-基)-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(50.0 g,197 mmol;中間體3)、雙(戊醯)二硼(50.4 g,199 mmol)、及無水2-甲基四氫呋喃(393 mL),隨後裝填Pt(PPh3
)4
(1.83 g,1.5 mmol)。使用三個真空/N2
循環對此混合物進行脫氣,在83℃及N2
下(內部溫度;95℃油浴)加熱5 h,且然後冷卻至室溫。添加2-甲基四氫呋喃(393 mL)、碳酸銫(128.1 g,393 mmol)、及水(11.8 mL,1.5% v/v),且將反應冷卻至4℃。添加4-碘苯甲醛(45.6 g,197 mmol)及PdCl2
(PPh3
)2
(6.90 g,9.8 mmol),且使用三個真空/N2
循環對反應進行脫氣。使混合物升溫至室溫並攪拌過夜。添加KOH水溶液(4 M,275 mL,1100 mmol)及2-氯-4-氟碘苯(70.6 g,275 mmol)。使用3個真空/N2
循環對反應進行脫氣,在75℃及N2
下(內部溫度;90℃油浴)加熱7 h且然後冷卻至室溫。分離各層,並用鹽水(800 mL)洗滌有機層,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾並濃縮。藉由矽膠層析(存於己烷中之0-20%乙酸乙酯)純化粗產物以得到淺黃色發泡體形式之標題化合物(82.6 g,區域異構體之7:1混合物)。主要異構體(E)-4-(2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯甲醛之數據:1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 9.82(s,1H),8.15(s,1H),7.78-7.71(m,2H),7.61(d,2H),7.43-7.27(m,3H),7.15(m,3H),5.86(dd,1H),3.93-3.85(m,1H),3.79-3.68(m,1H),2.44-2.36(m,3H),2.10-1.96(m,2H),1.81-1.67(m,1H),1.63-1.53(m,2H),0.92(t,3H);LCMS: 405[(M-THP+H)+H]+
。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒、加料漏斗、及N2
入口之圓底燒瓶中裝填(E)-4-(2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯甲醛(82.6 g,169 mmol)、膦醯基乙酸三乙基酯(40.6 mL,203 mmol)、氯化鋰(14.5 g,338 mmol)、及無水乙腈(338 mL)。將反應冷卻至0℃且然後使用三個真空/N2
循環進行脫氣。經35 min逐滴添加存於乙腈(60 mL)中之DBU(27.8 mL,186 mmol)之溶液,且然後去除冰水浴。將反應在室溫下攪拌1h,濃縮,且然後分配於二氯甲烷(250 mL)與H2
O(250 mL)之間。分離各層,並用鹽水(400 mL)洗滌有機層,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾並濃縮。使粗產物通過矽膠管柱(300 g,存於己烷中之20%乙酸乙酯)並濃縮以得到淺黃色發泡體形式之標題化合物(89.6 g)。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.14(s,1H),7.75(d,1H),7.50-7.33(m,6H),7.27(dt,1H),7.14(dt,1H),6.95(d,2H),6.48(d,1H),5.86(dd,1H),4.14(q,2H),3.94-3.86(m,1H),3.78-3.70(m,1H),2.45-2.34(m,3H),2.06-1.95(m,2H),1.78-1.67(m,1H),1.62-1.53(m,2H),1.19(t,3H),0.90(t,3H);LCMS: 475[(M-THP+H)+H]+
。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒之圓底燒瓶中裝填(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(255.9 g,457.8 mmol)及HCl溶液(732 mL,1.25 M,存於乙醇中)。將反應在80℃下加熱2.5 h,冷卻至室溫,且然後濃縮成有機凝膠。添加第三丁基甲基醚(2.3 L)。攪拌5 min後,固體開始沉澱。將混合物在室溫下攪拌2 h且然後過濾。使用MTBE(700 mL)洗滌固體並乾燥以得到灰白色固體形式之標題化合物(193 g)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
): δ 8.11(s,1H),7.69(s,1H),7.57-7.50(m,2H),7.45-7.33(m,4H),7.21-7.10(m,2H),6.96(d,2H),6.48(d,1H),4.14(q,2H),2.38(q,2H),1.19(t,3H),0.90(t,3H);LCMS: 475(M+H)+
。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒之圓底燒瓶中裝填(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯鹽酸鹽(198.5 g,388 mmol;化合物110)及乙醇(517 mL)。添加存於水(388 mL)中之LiOH(27.9 g,1164 mmol)之溶液,且將混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜。藉由旋轉蒸發去除乙醇,且將剩餘溶液冷卻至0℃並使用2 M HCl水溶液酸化至pH 3。添加二氯甲烷(500 mL),攪拌混合物,且然後分離各層。用水洗滌有機層,用鹽水洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾並濃縮。使粗產物通過二氧化矽管柱(800 g,存於DCM中之5% MeOH)並濃縮。然後將產物溶於DCM(400 mL)中,且添加乙腈(500 mL)。藉由旋轉蒸發去除約200 mL DCM(固體開始沉澱)。添加乙腈(550 mL),隨後添加水(25 mL)。將混合物在室溫下攪拌2 h。輕輕倒出溶劑,且然後添加乙腈:DCM(10:1;550 mL)。將混合物在室溫下攪拌1.5 h,再次輕輕倒出溶劑,且然後添加乙腈:DCM(10:1;550 mL)。將混合物再次在室溫下攪拌1.5 h且然後過濾。將固體再懸浮於乙腈:DCM(10:1;550 mL)中,在室溫下攪拌1.5 h,過濾,並洗滌以得到灰白色粉末形式之標題化合物(123.9 g)。1
H NMR(DMSO-d6
): δ 13.12(s,1H),12.34(br,1H),8.11(d,1H),7.69(s,1H),7.56(d,1H),7.44-7.33(m,5H),7.21-7.10(m,2H),6.96(d,2H),6.38(d,1H),2.34(q,2H),0.90(t,3H);LCMS: 447(M+H)+
。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒、回流冷凝器、及N2
入口之圓底燒瓶中裝填5-(丁-1-炔-1-基)-1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑(20.0 g,78.6 mmol;中間體3)、雙(戊醯)二硼(20.17 g,79.4 mmol)、四(三苯基膦)鉑(0)(0.98 g,0.8 mmol)、及無水1,4-二噁烷(160 mL)。使用三個真空/N2
循環對此混合物進行脫氣並回流4 h。然後將溶液冷卻至室溫,且添加4-碘苯甲醛(18.25 g,78.6 mmol)、反式-二氯(三苯基膦)鈀(II)(5.52 g,7.9 mmol)、碳酸銫(51.24 g,157.3 mmol)、及1,4-二噁烷(160 mL)。使用三個真空/N2
循環對此混合物進行脫氣,且然後添加水(4.7 mL)。將此混合物在室溫下攪拌6 h。添加2,4-二氯碘苯(12.8 mL,94.4 mmol)及6 M KOH水溶液(62.9 mL),且使用三個真空/N2
循環對混合物進行脫氣並回流4 h。完成後,經由矽藻土/二氧化矽墊過濾反應混合物並使用EtOAc洗滌。使用水(600 mL)洗滌濾液,使用鹽水(300 mL)洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾,並濃縮。藉由矽膠層析(存於己烷中之0-20%乙酸乙酯)純化粗產物以得到黃色發泡體形式之標題化合物(27.2 g,區域異構體之7:1混合物)。主要異構體之數據:1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 9.83(s,1H),8.16(s,1H),7.77(d,1H),7.73(s,1H),7.65(d,2H),7.53(d,1H),7.41-7.36(m,2H),7.31-7.28(m,1H),7.17(d,2H),5.86(dd,1H),3.92-3.86(m,1H),3.78-3.71(m,1H),2.47-2.38(m,3H),2.10-1.96(m,2H),1.81-1.71(m,1H),1.64-1.58(m,2H),0.94(t,3H);LCMS: 421[(M-THP+H)+H]+
。
向配備有磁力攪拌棒、橡膠隔片、及N2
入口之圓底燒瓶中裝填(E)-4-(2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯甲醛(26.7 g,52.8 mmol)、磷醯基乙酸三乙基酯(12.7 mL,63.4 mmol)、氯化鋰(4.53 g,105.7 mmol)、及無水乙腈(106 mL)。經由加料漏斗緩慢逐滴添加存於ACN(27 mL)中之DBU溶液(8.7 mL,58.1 mmol)。將所得混合物在室溫下攪拌4 h。完成後,濃縮反應並再溶於DCM中。使用水(300 mL)洗滌此溶液,使用鹽水(250 mL)洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾並濃縮。藉由矽膠層析(存於己烷中之0-20%乙酸乙酯)純化粗產物以得到淺黃色發泡體形式之標題化合物(29.0 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.14(s,1H),7.75(d,1H),7.72(s,1H),7.54(d,1H),7.48(d,1H),7.43(d,2H),7.37-7.35(m,2H),7.29-7.26(m,1H),6.97(d,2H),6.48(d,1H),5.86(dd,1H),4.14(q,2H),3.91-3.86(m,1H),3.77-3.71(m,1H),2.48-2.35(m,3H),2.06-1.96(m,2H),1.78-1.71(m,1H),1.62-1.55(m,2H),1.22(t,3H),0.90(t,3H);LCMS: 491[(M-THP+H)+H]+
。
在室溫下,將HCl溶液(5.0 mL,2.0 M,存於二乙醚中)添加至存於乙醇(25 mL)中之(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(1-(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(3.0 g,5.2 mmol)的溶液中。將所得混合物在70℃下加熱2 h。完成後,將混合物冷卻至室溫並濃縮以得到淺黃色固體。將此粗製材料溶於DCM中並使用水(50 mL)洗滌,使用鹽水(50 mL)洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾,並濃縮。藉由矽膠層析(存於己烷中之0-100%乙酸乙酯)純化粗產物以得到淺黃色固體形式之標題化合物(2.37 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 13.17(s,1H),8.11(s,1H),7.69(s,1H),7.58-7.52(m,2H),7.48(d,1H),7.43(d,2H),7.36-7.32(m,2H),7.19(dd,1H),6.97(d,2H),6.49(d,1H),4.15(q,2H),2.39(q,2H),1.22(t,3H),0.90(t,3H);LCMS: 491(M+H)+
。
在室溫下,將存於水(3.2 mL)中之LiOH(0.23 g,9.6 mmol)之溶液添加至存於EtOH(20 mL)中之(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(2.37 g,4.8 mmol;化合物112)的溶液中。將所得混合物攪拌過夜。完成後,添加1 N HCl水溶液直至pH為3為止。使用水稀釋混合物並使用乙酸乙酯(2 x 25 mL)萃取。使用水(50 mL)洗滌合併之有機層,使用鹽水(50 mL)洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾,並濃縮。在製備型反相HPLC管柱上使用存於水中之80-95%乙腈在0.1% TFA存在下純化粗產物以得到灰白色固體形式之標題化合物(1.3 g)。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 13.11(s,1H),12.36(br,1H),8.11(d,1H),7.69(s,1H),7.57-7.53(m,2H),7.44-7.35(m,5H),7.19(dd,1H),6.97(d,2H),6.39(d,1H),2.39(q,2H),0.90(t,3H);LCMS: 463(M+H)+
。
根據一般程序D、E、F、及G自炔基-吲唑中間體來製備化合物114至139
。炔基-吲唑中間體i)闡述於本文中或ii)係根據一般程序A及B自已知或市售鹵吲唑製備。
在室溫下,將N-碘琥珀醯亞胺(2.5 g,11 mmol)添加至存於CH3
CN(50 mL)中之4-(E-3-乙氧基-3-側氧基-1-丙烯-1-基)苯基硼酸(2.2 g,10 mmol)的懸浮液中。使用箔覆蓋反應,攪拌約26小時,且然後使用EtOAc稀釋。使用水(2 x 100 mL)洗滌所得混合物,使用硫代硫酸鈉(100 mL)洗滌,乾燥(MgSO4
),過濾,並濃縮。藉由矽膠層析(存於己烷中之0-50% EtOAc)純化粗製材料以得到2.6 g黃色油狀物形式之(E)-3-(4-碘苯基)丙烯酸乙酯。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 7.79(d,2H),7.60(d,1H),7.53(d,2H),6.68(d,1H),4.19(q,2H),1.26(t,3H);LCMS: 303(M+H)+
。
根據一般程序D之步驟1-2自中間體3及(E)-3-(4-碘苯基)丙烯酸乙酯來製備標題化合物。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.09(s,1H),7.70(d,1H),7.58-7.63(m,3H),7.49(s,1H),7.11(d,3H),6.58(d,1H),5.84(dd,1H),4.18(q,2H),3.86-3.91(m,1H),3.70-3.77(m,1H),2.36-2.48(m,1H),2.08-2.15(m,2H),1.95-2.08(m,2H),1.70-1.81(m,1H),1.56-1.62(m,2H),1.25(t,3H),1.12(s,12H),1.01(t,3H);LCMS: 473[(M-THP+H)+H]+。
根據一般程序D(步驟3;改用K2
CO3
)、F、及G自中間體45來製備化合物140至144
。
在室溫下,向存於DMF(3.8 mL)中之(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸(80 mg,0.19 mmol;化合物14)及Cs2
CO3
(0.15 g,0.46 mmol)之混合物中添加碘甲烷(65 mg,0.46 mmol)。將混合物在室溫下攪拌過夜,使用水稀釋,使用EtOAc萃取,並濃縮以得到(E)-丙烯酸3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯苯基)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)甲酯。將此殘餘物再溶於THF-MeOH(3.8 mL)中且在室溫下添加LiOH水溶液(89 mg,3.7 mmol;溶於最少量水中)。將反應混合物攪拌過夜,使用1 N HCl驟冷,使用EtOAc萃取,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾並濃縮以得到粗製材料。在RP-C18管柱上使用存於水中之50-100%乙腈在0.1% TFA存在下純化此粗產物以提供標題化合物。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
):δ 12.28(s,1H),8.07(s,1H),7.67-7.64(m,2H),7.48-7.11(m,8H),6.95(d,2H),6.35(d,1H),4.05(s,3H),2.36(q,2H),0.90(t,3H)。LCMS: 443(M+H)+
。
在室溫下,將碘甲烷(80 mg,0.84 mmol)添加至(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丁基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(0.25 g,0.56 mmol;在製備化合物84中之中間體)、K2
CO3
(0.12 g,0.84 mmol)、及DMF(5.6 mL)之混合物中。將所得混合物攪拌過夜,使用水稀釋,並使用EtOAc萃取。使用水洗滌萃取物,使用鹽水洗滌,藉由硫酸鈉乾燥,過濾,濃縮,且然後在矽膠管柱上使用存於己烷中之0-50% EtOAc純化以提供標題化合物。LCMS: 463(M+H)+
。
如一般程序G中所述自(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丁基-1-(1-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯來製備標題化合物。1
H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 12.26(s,1H),8.06(s,1H),7.68-7.61(m,2H),7.37(d,1H),7.31-7.12(m,8H),6.92(d,2H),6.36(d,1H),4.09(s,3H),3.46-3.39(m,1H),1,84-1.76(m,4H),1.63-1.52(m,1H),1.37-1.32(m,1H);LCMS: 435(M+H)+
。
根據針對化合物146所示之程序來製備化合物147
。
將存於DMF(1 mL)中之(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯(105 mg,0.22 mmol;化合物110之游離鹼)之溶液添加至存於DMF(1 mL)中之氫化鈉(11 mg,0.27 mmol)的懸浮液中。將混合物在室溫下攪拌1h,且然後使二氟碘甲烷鼓泡通過10 min。將反應混合物在80℃下加熱3 h並冷卻至室溫。使二氟碘甲烷再鼓泡通過10 min,且將混合物再加熱1.5 h。將反應混合物冷卻至室溫,使用乙酸乙酯(50 mL)稀釋,洗滌(2x25 mL H2
O),乾燥(Na2
SO4
),並在減壓下濃縮。在矽膠管柱上純化粗製材料以產生含有期望中間體之混合物。LCMS: 525(M+H)+
。根據一般程序G,此中間體會得到標題化合物。1
H NMR(300 MHz,DMSO-d6
): δ 8.91(s,1H),8.17(t,1H),7.77(s,1H),7.74(d,1H),7.45-7.35(m,5H),7.20(dd,1H),7.15(dt,1H),7.00(d,2H),6.38(d,2H),2.41(q,2H),0.92(t,3H);LCMS: 497(M+H)+
。
將MCF7細胞維持於補充有10% FCS之RPMI 1640中。藉由以250,000個細胞/mL之密度將100 μL細胞接種至96孔細胞培養板(存於補充有10%炭處理血清之RPMI 1640中)中來實施轉錄分析,並使其結合過夜。使用脂轉染試劑(Lipofectin)(Life Technologies)根據製造商方案短暫轉染細胞。使用300 ng 3X ERE-TK-Luc(報導子載體)、50 ng CMVpRL(正規化載體)、及130 ng pCMX(填充DNA)實施一式三份轉染。將經轉染細胞培育過夜,然後使用配體進行處理。對於ER激動劑分析,連續稀釋化合物且將50 μL化合物加補充有炭處理血清之RPMI 1640添加至細胞中。對於ER拮抗劑分析,連續稀釋化合物且將50 μL化合物與RPMI加補充有炭處理血清之17β-雌二醇添加至細胞中。拮抗劑分析中使用之最終17β-雌二醇濃度為0.1 nM。培育24小時後,去除培養基且將細胞在40 μL裂解緩衝液(25 mM Tris磷酸鹽、2 mM CDTA、10%甘油、0.5% Triton X-100、2 mM DTT)中裂解。添加40 μL螢光素酶緩衝液(20 mM三(羥甲基)甲基甘胺酸、0.1 mM EDTA、1.07 mM (MgCo3
)4
Mg(OH),‧5H2
O、2.67 mM MgSO4
、33.3 mM DTT、270 μM輔酶A、470 μM螢光素、530 μM ATP)後,立即量測螢火蟲螢光素酶活性。添加40 μL腔腸素緩衝液(1.1 M NaCl、2.2 mM Na2
EDTA、0.22 M KxPO4
(pH 5.1)、0.44 mg/mL BSA、1.3 mM NaN3
、1.43 μM腔腸素。最終pH調節為5.0)後,量測海腎螢光素酶。
將MCF-7細胞在含有10% FBS及20 mM HEPES之RPMI中之濃度調節為20,000個細胞/mL。將16微升細胞懸浮液(320個細胞)添加至384孔板之各個孔中,且將細胞培育過夜以使細胞發生附著。第二天,將各化合物之11點系列半對數稀釋液添加至16 μL細胞懸浮液中,且最終濃度介於0.3-0.000003 μM之間。化合物暴露5天後,將16 μL CellTiter-GLo(Promega,Madison WI)添加至細胞中,測定各孔之相對螢光單位(RLU)。使用添加至32 μL無細胞培養基中之CellTiter-Glo來獲得背景值。如下所示來確定各試樣之存活率百分比:(試樣RLU-背景RLU/未處理細胞之RLU-背景RLU) x 100=存活率%。
可在與實例44相似之分析中描述其他ER+乳癌細胞系(包含BT474、CAMA1、MDA-MB-361、ZR-75-1、T47D)中之存活率效應。
將MCF-7細胞在含有10%炭處理FBS及20 mM HEPES之RPMI中之濃度調節為200,000個細胞/mL。將16微升細胞懸浮液(3200個細胞)添加至聚-D-離胺酸384孔板之各個孔中,且將細胞培育過夜以使細胞發生附著。第二天,將各化合物之11點系列半對數稀釋液添加至16 μL細胞懸浮液中,且最終濃度介於0.3-0.000003 μM之間。添加化合物4或24 hr後,將細胞固定(存於PBS中之10%福爾馬林(formalin))20分鐘。將細胞浸漬於PBS 0.1% Triton中並使用LICOR阻斷緩衝液(50 μl/孔,90')阻斷。然後將孔在4℃下與在LICOR阻斷緩衝液/0.1% Tween-20中以1:1000稀釋之SP1兔單株Ab(Thermo Scientific)一起培育過夜。使用經具有Tween但無抗體之阻斷緩衝液處理之孔作為背景對照。使用0.1% Tween-20/PBS洗滌各孔,且然後在山羊抗兔IRDyeTM
800CW(LICOR公司;1:1000)及DRAQ5 DNA染料(1:2000,對於2 mM儲備液而言)(在含有0.1% Tween-20及0.01% SDS之LICOR阻斷緩衝液中稀釋)培育60分鐘。在0.1% Tween-20/PBS中洗滌細胞(50 μl/孔,各為5')。在LICOR Odyssey紅外成像系統上掃描板。量測800 nm通道及700 nm通道中之積分強度以分別測定ER及DNA之含量。如下所示來確定ER含量百分比:(800 nm試樣之積分強度/700 nm試樣之積分強度)/(800 nm未處理細胞之積分強度/700 nm未處理細胞之積分強度)x 100=ER含量%。
可在與實例45相似之分析中描述其他ER+乳癌細胞系(包含BT474、CAMA1、MDA-MB-361、ZR-75-1、T47D)中ER-α之穩態含量的效應。
用於本文所揭示代表性化合物之例示性生物數據呈現於下表中:
A=單一IC50 100 nM;B=單一IC50
>100 nM;+=單一%值<40%;++=單一%值40%
將存於T225中之快鋪滿Ishikawa細胞在無雌激素之基礎培養基(EFBM)(由含有5%經碳右旋糖酐處理FBS及20 mM HEPES之DMEM:Ham's F-12 50:50無酚紅基礎培養基組成)中培育24小時。第二天,以2.5 x 105
個細胞/mL、16 μL/孔(4000個細胞/孔)之濃度將細胞平鋪於澄清384孔板中之EFBM中。在DMSO中對各化合物實施12點半對數稀釋且隨後在EFBM中稀釋。平鋪細胞後,立即添加等體積之存於EFBM中之化合物,且將細胞培育3天。使用5%福爾馬林固定細胞,並使用PBS沖洗。將鹼性磷酸酶受質4-硝基苯基磷酸二鈉鹽六水合物添加至含有2 mM MgCl2
、1 M二乙醇胺之溶液中,並調節至pH 9.0。將受質溶液添加至細胞培養液中(16 μL/孔),且在405 nm波長下使用17β-雌二醇(濃度範圍為1-30 nM)處理之細胞之光學密度達到1.0-1.2吸光度單位時,在多壁板分光光度計中量測OD405。將單獨使用DMSO處理之細胞用作背景對照。如下所示來量測背景扣除之試樣中之活性百分比:活性%=試樣之OD405/經17β-雌二醇處理之細胞之最大OD405 x 100。
將BG-1細胞在含有10% FBS及20 mM HEPES之RPMI中之濃度調節為20,000個細胞/mL。將16微升細胞懸浮液(320個細胞)添加至384孔板之各個孔中,且將細胞培育過夜以使細胞發生附著。第二天,將各化合物之11點系列半對數稀釋液添加至16 μL細胞懸浮液中,且最終濃度介於0.3-0.000003 μM之間。化合物暴露5天後,將16 μL CellTiter-GLo(Promega,Madison WI)添加至細胞中,測定各孔之相對螢光單位(RLU)。使用添加至32 μL無細胞培養基中之CellTiter-Glo來獲得背景值。如下所示來確定各試樣之存活率百分比:(試樣RLU-背景RLU/未處理細胞之RLU-背景RLU) x 100=存活率%。
可在與實例47相似之分析中描述其他ER+卵巢癌細胞系(包含A1847、SKOV3、SW626、A2780)中之存活率效應。
將BG-1細胞在含有10%炭處理FBS及20 mM HEPES之RPMI中之濃度調節為200,000個細胞/mL。將16微升細胞懸浮液(3200個細胞)添加至聚-D-離胺酸384孔板之各個孔中,且將細胞培育過夜以使細胞發生附著。第二天,將各化合物之11點系列半對數稀釋液添加至16 μL細胞懸浮液中,且最終濃度介於0.3-0.000003 μM之間。添加化合物4或24 hr後,將細胞固定(存於PBS中之10%福爾馬林)20分鐘。將細胞浸漬於PBS 0.1% Triton中並使用LICOR阻斷緩衝液(50 μl/孔,90')阻斷。然後將孔在4℃下與在LICOR阻斷緩衝液/0.1% Tween-20中以1:100稀釋之ER1D5(Santa Cruz Biotechnology)一起培育過夜。使用經具有Tween但無抗體之阻斷緩衝液處理之孔作為背景對照。使用0.1% Tween-20/PBS洗滌各孔,且然後在山羊抗小鼠IRDyeTM
800CW(LICOR公司;1:1000)及DRAQ5 DNA染料(1:2000,對於2 mM儲備液而言)(在含有0.1% Tween-20及0.01% SDS之LICOR阻斷緩衝液中稀釋)培育60分鐘。在0.1% Tween-20/PBS中洗滌細胞(50 μl/孔,各為5')。在LICOR Odyssey紅外成像系統上掃描板。量測800 nm通道及700 nm通道中之積分強度以分別測定ER及DNA之含量。如下所示來確定ER含量百分比:(800 nm試樣之積分強度/700 nm試樣之積分強度)/(800 nm未處理細胞之積分強度/700 nm未處理細胞之積分強度)x 100=ER含量%。
可在與實例48相似之分析中描述其他ER+卵巢癌細胞系(包含A1847、SKOV3、SW626、A2780)中ER-α之穩態含量效應。
涵蓋用於測試本文所述化合物之其他癌細胞系包含:ER-陽性子宮內膜細胞系(Ishikawa、ECC1、HEC-1、EnCa-101)及ER-陽性子宮頸細胞系(Caski、HeLa、SiHa)。
將含有0.72 mg 17-β雌二醇之定時釋放沉澱物經皮下植入nu/nu小鼠中。在含有10% FBS之RPMI中在5% CO2
、37℃下生長MCF-7細胞。將細胞旋轉並以1X 107
個細胞/mL再懸浮於50% RPMI(無血清)及50% Matrigel中。在植入沉澱物後2-3天時,將MCF-7細胞經皮下注射(100μL/動物)至右翼。每兩週一次監測腫瘤體積(長度x寬度2
/2)。在腫瘤達到約200 mm3
之平均體積時,將動物隨機化並開始治療。在4週內每天使用媒劑或化合物治療動物。在整個研究中,每兩週一次監測腫瘤體積及體重。在治療時間結束時,獲取血漿及腫瘤試樣以分別用於藥物代謝動力學及藥效動力學分析。
使用他莫昔芬(檸檬酸鹽)藉由口服管飼法治療具有MCF-7腫瘤(平均腫瘤體積為200 mm3
)之雌性nu/nu小鼠(使用補充之17-β雌二醇沉澱物;0.72 mg;經60天緩慢釋放)。每週兩次監測腫瘤體積(長度x寬度2
/2)及體重。在產生腫瘤體積保持恆定之顯著抗腫瘤反應後,在約100天治療下首先觀察到明顯腫瘤生長。在120天治療後,增加他莫昔芬劑量。認為快速生長之腫瘤具有他莫昔芬抗性且選擇其用於活體內傳代於新的宿主動物中。將來自他莫昔芬抗性腫瘤之腫瘤切片(約100mm3
/動物)經皮下植入雌性nu/nu小鼠(使用17-β雌二醇沉澱物(0.72 mg;60天緩慢釋放))之右翼。在恆定他莫昔芬選擇下維持傳代腫瘤,且每週監測腫瘤體積(長度x寬度2
/2)。在腫瘤體積達到約150-250 mm3
時,將動物隨機分配至治療組(平均腫瘤體積為200 mm3
)中,且終止他莫昔芬治療(他莫昔芬對照組除外)。在4週內每天使用媒劑或化合物治療動物。在研究期間,每兩週一次監測腫瘤體積及體重。在治療時間結束時,獲取血漿及腫瘤試樣以分別用於藥物代謝動力學及藥效動力學分析。
將定時釋放沉澱物(0.72 mg 17-β雌二醇/60天)經皮下植入雌性nu/nu小鼠中。在含有10% FBS、10 mM丙酮酸鈉、10 mM非必需胺基酸之DMEM Ham's F-12 50/50中在5% CO2
、37℃下生長BG-1細胞。旋轉細胞並以5X107
個細胞/mL再懸浮於50% DMEM Ham's F-12(無血清)及50% Matrigel中。在植入沉澱物後2-3天時,將BG-1細胞經皮下注射(100μL/動物)至右翼。每兩週一次監測腫瘤體積(長度x寬度2
/2)。在腫瘤達到約250 mm3
之平均體積時,將動物隨機化並開始治療。在4週內每天使用媒劑或化合物治療動物。在整個研究中,每兩週一次監測腫瘤體積及體重。在治療時間結束時,獲取血漿及腫瘤試樣以分別用於藥物代謝動力學及藥效動力學分析。
將雌性不成熟CD-IGS大鼠(在到達時係21天齡)治療三天。在三天內每日向動物投藥。藉由管飼法經口投與媒劑或測試化合物,15分鐘後投與0.1 mg/kg乙炔雌二醇之口服劑量。在第4天,在投藥後24小時時,收集血漿用於藥物代謝動力學分析。在收集血漿後,立即將動物無痛處死且取出子宮並稱重。
將雌性不成熟CD-IGS大鼠(在到達時係21天齡)治療三天。在三天內每日向動物投藥。藉由管飼法經口投與媒劑或測試化合物,15分鐘後投與媒劑之第二口服劑量。在第4天,在投藥後24小時時,收集血漿用於藥物代謝動力學分析。在收集血漿後,立即將動物無痛處死且取出子宮並稱重。
目的:此研究之目的係評價使用式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽來治療轉移性乳癌之效能,收集關於式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽可引起之任一副作用的資訊,及評估式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽之藥物代謝動力學性質。
措施:每天或每天兩次向患者投與1-50 mg/kg之式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。
結果量度:主要結果量度:對於式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽作為患有雌激素受體(ER)陽性轉移性乳癌之患者之一線及/或二線治療而言,主要結果量度係患者之腫瘤反應及/或疾病控制。
次要結果量度:次要結果量度係(a)評估式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽之副作用;(b)評估式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽之藥物代謝動力學性質;(c)評估在界定時間點具有完全或部分反應或穩定疾病之患者的比例;(d)評估使用式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽治療之患者之進展及總存活的時間;及(e)預測臨床反應之生物標記。
詳細說明:每天一次或兩次經口給予患者式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽。在式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽之各投藥循環之前,實施身體檢驗、血液檢查及任一副作用之評價。每12週,使用CT掃描或MRI重新評估患者之癌症以確定治療是否發揮作用。持續參與此研究直至疾病進展或不可接受之毒性為止。
合格性:雌性個體,18歲及更年長者。
納入標準:在組織學上或細胞學上證實診斷有侵襲性乳癌、IV階段疾病。至少一種藉由RECIST界定之可量測靶病損先前並未使用局部療法進行治療。停經後狀態。ER陽性乳癌。HER2-陰性乳癌。對於晚期或轉移性疾病,具有至多一個先前激素療法。ECOG體力狀態為0-1。預期壽命>12週。具有適當肝及骨髓功能:AST<2.5xULN;膽紅素<1.5xULN;ANC>1,500/ul;血小板計數>100,000/ul;具有正常PT及PTT。自先前輻射經至少2週,且自治療相關性毒性康復。
排除標準:HER2-陽性乳癌。用於轉移性疾病之先前化學療法方案。具有腦轉移史,或存在腦轉移。同時之試驗藥物治療。先前骨髓或幹細胞移植。在最近5年內具有其他惡性腫瘤史,不包含經治癒性治療之子宮頸原位癌或非黑素瘤皮膚癌。不受控感染。活動性出血、或需要輸血之出血史。
活動性心臟病。嚴重醫學或精神病學病況。
為製備適於藉由注射投與(皮下、靜脈內)之非經腸醫藥組合物,將100 mg式(I)化合物、或式(I)化合物之水溶性鹽溶解於無菌水中並隨後與10 mL 0.9%無菌鹽水混合。將混合物納入適於經由注射投與之劑量單位形式中。
在另一實施例中,混合下列成份以形成可注射調配物:1.2 g式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、2.0 mL乙酸鈉緩衝溶液(0.4 M)、HCl(1 N)或NaOH(1 M)(補足至適宜pH)、水(蒸餾,無菌)(補足至20 mL)。將除水外之所有上述成份合併並攪拌,且(若需要)略微加熱。然後添加足量水。
為製備用於經口遞送之醫藥組合物,製備20%丙二醇水溶液。向此溶液中添加足量式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽以提供20 mg/mL溶液。
為製備用於經口遞送之醫藥組合物,將100-500 mg式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與澱粉混合。將混合物納入適於經口投與之諸如硬質明膠膠囊的口服劑量單位中。在另一實施例中,將100-500 mg式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽置於4號膠囊、或1號膠囊(羥丙甲纖維素或硬質明膠)中且密閉膠囊。
藉由混合48重量%之式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、45重量%之微晶纖維素、5重量%之低取代羥丙基纖維素、及2重量%之硬脂酸鎂來製備錠劑。藉由直接壓縮來製備錠劑。將壓縮錠劑之總重量維持於250-500 mg。
為製備醫藥局部凝膠組合物,將式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽與羥丙基纖維素、丙二醇、肉豆蔻酸異丙基酯及純化醇USP混合。隨後將所得凝膠混合物納入適於局部投與之容器(例如管)中。
本文所述實例及實施例僅用於例示性目的且熟習此項技術之人員所建議之各種修改或變化皆包含於本申請案之精神及範圍內及隨附申請專利範圍之範圍內。
Claims (22)
- 一種式(I)化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,
- 如請求項1之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其中:Z係-OH;R6 係H、-CH3 、F、或Cl;R7 係H、-CH3 、F、或Cl;各R3 獨立地係鹵素、C1 -C4 烷基、或C1 -C4 氟烷基;各R4 獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OH、-OR9 、-S(=O)2 R10 、C1 -C4 烷基、C1 -C4 氟烷基、C1 -C4 雜烷基、C1 -C4 氟烷氧基、或C1 -C4 烷氧基;各R5 獨立地係鹵素、C1 -C4 烷基、或C1 -C4 氟烷基;m為0或1;n為0、1或2;及p為0或1。
- 如請求項1或2之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其中:R2 係C1 -C4 烷基、C1 -C4 氟烷基、C1 -C4 氘烷基、C3 -C6 環烷基、或-C1 -C4 伸烷基-W;W係羥基、鹵素、CN、C1 -C4 烷氧基、或C3 -C6 環烷基。
- 如請求項3之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其中:Z係-OH;R6 係H;R7 係H; m為0;n為0、1或2;及p為0。
- 如請求項1之化合物,其中該式(I)化合物具有式(II)之結構、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
- 如請求項5之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其中:各R3 獨立地係F、Cl、或-CH3 ;各R4 獨立地係鹵素、-CN、-OH、-S(=O)2 CH3 、-S(=O)2 CH2 CH3 、-CH3 、-CH2 CH3 、-CF3 、-CH2 OH、-OCF3 、-OCH3 、或-OCH2 CH3 ;各R5 獨立地係F、Cl、或-CH3 ;m為0或1;n為0、1或2;及p為0或1。
- 如請求項5或6之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其中:R2 係-CH3 、-CH2 CH3 、-CH2 CH2 CH3 、-CH(CH3 )2 、-CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 、-CH2 CH(CH3 )2 、-CH2 F、-CHF2 、-CF3 、-CH2 CF3 、-CD3 、 -CH2 CD3 、-CD2 CD3 、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、-CH2 -W、或-CH2 CH2 -W;W係羥基、F、Cl、-CN、-OCH3 、-OCH2 CH3 、-OCH2 CH2 CH3 、-OCH(CH3 )2 、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、或環己基。
- 如請求項5之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其中:R2 係-CH2 CH3 ;各R4 獨立地係F、Cl、-CN、-OH、-CH3 、-CH2 CH3 、-CF3 、-CH2 OH、-OCF3 、-OCH3 、或-OCH2 CH3 ;m為0;n為0、1或2;及p為0。
- 如請求項1之化合物,其中該化合物係:(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氯苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(3-甲氧基苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-(羥甲基)苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-(羥甲基)苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-(羥甲基)苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基) 丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(鄰甲苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(間甲苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(對甲苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(2-甲氧基苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、((E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-氯苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-乙基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(2-(三氟甲基)苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-4-氯-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氰基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,4-二氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-3-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丙基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氟-2-甲基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,6-二氟 苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,6-二氯苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-4,4,4-三氘-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氟-3-甲基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(5-氟-2-甲基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,3-二氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-5-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-6-甲基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(7-氯-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(4-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(7-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(6-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(3-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(3-氯-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氯-2-甲基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基戊-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯 酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-氰基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氰基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-4-羥基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-4-甲氧基-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-3-甲氧基-2-苯基丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(6-氯-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-4-甲基-2-苯基戊-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(4-氯-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環戊基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環己基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-3-甲基-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-3-環丙基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯苯基)-2-環丙基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(6-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基己-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-3-環戊基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯 基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(7-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-4-甲基戊-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-3,3-二氟-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(7-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-4-氟-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-4-氯-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-3,3,3-三氟-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(4-氟-2-甲基苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氯-2-甲基苯基)-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丙基-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(4-氟-2-甲基苯基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-環丙基-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(4-氯-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-3,3-二氟-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丙-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丙基-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-4-氯-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-4-氯-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯 酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-4-氟-2-(4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-4-氟-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-5-甲氧基-2-苯基戊-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-6-甲氧基-2-苯基己-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-3-甲基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(3-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丁基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-2-環丁基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(3-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丁基-1-(3-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(3-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-2-環丁基-1-(3-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(2-甲氧基苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(4-甲氧基苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-羥基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-羥基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯 基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-羥基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-丁氧基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-丁氧基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(2-(甲基磺醯基)苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)-2-甲基丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)-3-甲基苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)-2-甲基苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)-2-氯苯基)丙烯酸、(Z)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)-2-氟丙烯酸、(Z)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)-2-氯丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)-3-氟苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)-2-氟苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)-3-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((Z)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基丁-1-烯-1-基)-2-甲氧基苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯鹽酸鹽、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,4-二氯苯 基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸乙酯、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-2-環丙基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氟-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-(1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(4-氟-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)丁基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氯-2-(三氟甲基)苯基)-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-4-氟-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-甲氧基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-4-氟-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丙基-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-2-環丙基-1-(4-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丙基-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氯-2-甲基苯基)-2-環丙基-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(2-甲基-5-(甲基磺醯基)苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4- ((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(4-甲氧基-2-甲基苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-5-甲氧基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氟-4-(甲基磺醯基)苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-3,3,4,4,4-五氘-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-(3-(甲基磺醯基)苯基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-(7-氟-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-3-甲氧基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-3,3,4,4,4-五氘-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氯-2-氰基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氰基-4-氟苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氰基-4-(三氟甲基)苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氰基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(3-氰基-2-甲基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(4-氰基-2-甲基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(5-氰基-2-甲基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1- 基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氰基-4-甲氧基苯基)-1-(1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯苯基)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-環丁基-1-(1-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)-2-苯基乙烯基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1-甲基-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、(E)-3-(4-((E)-2-(2-氯-4-氟苯基)-1-(1-(二氟甲基)-1H-吲唑-5-基)丁-1-烯-1-基)苯基)丙烯酸、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物。
- 具有下式結構之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
- 具有下式結構之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
- 具有下式結構之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
- 具有下式結構之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
- 具有下式結構之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物:
- 2、5、6、或8-14中任一項之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其用於醫藥。
- 2、5、6、或8-14中任一項之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其用於治療哺乳動物之癌症。
- 如請求項16之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其用於治療適合使用雌激素受體調節劑治療之哺乳動物之癌症。
- 如請求項16之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其用於治療哺乳動物之乳癌、卵巢癌、子宮內膜癌、前列腺癌、或子宮癌。
- 2、5、6、或8-14中任一項之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物,其用於治療哺乳動物之骨癌、乳癌、結腸直腸癌、子宮內膜癌、前列腺癌、 卵巢癌、子宮癌、子宮頸癌、肺癌、平滑肌瘤、子宮平滑肌瘤、酒精中毒、偏頭痛、主動脈瘤、心肌梗塞易感性、主動脈瓣硬化、心血管疾病、冠狀動脈病、高血壓、深層靜脈栓塞、格雷夫斯病(Graves' Disease)、關節炎、多發性硬化、肝硬化、B型肝炎、慢性肝病、骨密度、膽汁淤積、尿道下裂、肥胖症、骨關節炎、骨質減少、骨質疏鬆症、阿滋海默氏病(Alzheimer's disease)、帕金森氏病(Parkinson's disease)、偏頭痛、眩暈、神經性厭食、注意力缺乏過動症(ADHD)、癡呆、嚴重抑鬱症、精神病、初經年齡、子宮內膜異位症、或不育。
- 一種醫藥組合物,其包括如請求項1至14中任一項之化合物、或其醫藥上可接受之鹽、或N-氧化物。
- 如請求項20之醫藥組合物,其中該醫藥組合物經調配用於靜脈內注射、皮下注射、經口投與、或局部投與。
- 如請求項20之醫藥組合物,其中該醫藥組合物係錠劑、丸劑、膠囊、液體、懸浮液、凝膠、分散液、溶液、乳液、軟膏、或洗劑。
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