TWI411647B - 形成含矽膜用組成物、含矽膜、形成含矽膜之基板及使用其之圖型形成方法 - Google Patents
形成含矽膜用組成物、含矽膜、形成含矽膜之基板及使用其之圖型形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI411647B TWI411647B TW096112322A TW96112322A TWI411647B TW I411647 B TWI411647 B TW I411647B TW 096112322 A TW096112322 A TW 096112322A TW 96112322 A TW96112322 A TW 96112322A TW I411647 B TWI411647 B TW I411647B
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- HRQUAAKFGJZYQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L diphenyliodanium;propanedioate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O.C=1C=CC=CC=1[I+]C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1[I+]C1=CC=CC=C1 HRQUAAKFGJZYQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SBQIJPBUMNWUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M diphenyliodanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.C=1C=CC=CC=1[I+]C1=CC=CC=C1 SBQIJPBUMNWUKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- RBYDCVNTVVKIQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(=C)C([O-])=O RBYDCVNTVVKIQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LXQXGFPPYLKKSD-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-diethylpropanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCC(CC)(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O LXQXGFPPYLKKSD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- YPNVJUPWZCUTOD-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2,2-dimethylpropanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(C)(C)C([O-])=O YPNVJUPWZCUTOD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XQUXFKCGNRWRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-butylpropanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCCC(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O XQUXFKCGNRWRIY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- IZZSMHVWMGGQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(=C)C([O-])=O IZZSMHVWMGGQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- PPIZDSGTVUGQIB-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2-propylpropanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].CCCC(C([O-])=O)C([O-])=O PPIZDSGTVUGQIB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- FJJMCDSEMVEAEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L hexanedioate;tetramethylazanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O FJJMCDSEMVEAEO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- DXUUIDJNCBRHDV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;hydron;oxalate Chemical compound [Li+].OC(=O)C([O-])=O DXUUIDJNCBRHDV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- XNWSMNKRGNKRKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M propanoate;tetramethylazanium Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O.C[N+](C)(C)C XNWSMNKRGNKRKP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VTIZRIDYIWLCRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M propanoate;tetrapropylazanium Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O.CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC VTIZRIDYIWLCRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- KYKFCSHPTAVNJD-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium adipate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O KYKFCSHPTAVNJD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019294 sodium fumarate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UDWXLZLRRVQONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hexanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCC([O-])=O UDWXLZLRRVQONG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BYKRNSHANADUFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BYKRNSHANADUFY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O ZNCPFRVNHGOPAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940039790 sodium oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium propionate Chemical compound [Na+].CCC([O-])=O JXKPEJDQGNYQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004324 sodium propionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010334 sodium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003212 sodium propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004025 sodium salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940074404 sodium succinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium succinate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O ZDQYSKICYIVCPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WYPBVHPKMJYUEO-NBTZWHCOSA-M sodium;(9z,12z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O WYPBVHPKMJYUEO-NBTZWHCOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UNZSHUCNBUBSGW-IFNWOZJISA-M sodium;(9z,12z,15z)-octadeca-9,12,15-trienoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O UNZSHUCNBUBSGW-IFNWOZJISA-M 0.000 description 1
- VRVKOZSIJXBAJG-ODZAUARKSA-M sodium;(z)-but-2-enedioate;hydron Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)\C=C/C([O-])=O VRVKOZSIJXBAJG-ODZAUARKSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UYCAUPASBSROMS-AWQJXPNKSA-M sodium;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][13C](=O)[13C](F)(F)F UYCAUPASBSROMS-AWQJXPNKSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LUPNKHXLFSSUGS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,2-dichloroacetate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(Cl)Cl LUPNKHXLFSSUGS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KDWCFTLLFHIQHU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;4-methoxy-4-oxobutanoate Chemical compound [Na+].COC(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDWCFTLLFHIQHU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NMTDPTPUELYEPL-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;heptanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCC([O-])=O NMTDPTPUELYEPL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GOGGIOPQLKEIGC-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hexanedioate;hydron Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)CCCCC([O-])=O GOGGIOPQLKEIGC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UJRAXLUXHBUNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydron;oxalate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)C([O-])=O UJRAXLUXHBUNDO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRMPAXDXQYLVTA-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydron;pentanedioate Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)CCCC([O-])=O KRMPAXDXQYLVTA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LXWZLYDXYCQRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydron;propanedioate Chemical compound [H+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC([O-])=O LXWZLYDXYCQRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LHYPLJGBYPAQAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;pentanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC([O-])=O LHYPLJGBYPAQAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F XGPOMXSYOKFBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940114926 stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002328 sterol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XBLNHYLUTUZOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate;tetrabutylazanium Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC XBLNHYLUTUZOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SFZIOISNGCFHIC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate;tetramethylazanium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 SFZIOISNGCFHIC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LXUCXXVUBWQPQN-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate;tetrapropylazanium Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1.CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC.CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LXUCXXVUBWQPQN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VGOWDYSXYFYPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate;triphenylsulfanium Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VGOWDYSXYFYPBX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MWFQRZSKCBQYPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl acetate;propane-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CO.CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C MWFQRZSKCBQYPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FLCDSBKFFIMXLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;2,2,2-trichloroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC FLCDSBKFFIMXLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WTEXQPWIUJQYJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC WTEXQPWIUJQYJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WGYONVRJGWHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC WGYONVRJGWHMKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UVVFKNZCYIIHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-L tetrabutylazanium;carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC UVVFKNZCYIIHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SNMZANHSFVMKKA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC SNMZANHSFVMKKA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YNJQKNVVBBIPBA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC YNJQKNVVBBIPBA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KVIIKBGGNBBOEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;2,2,2-trichloroacetate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-]C(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl KVIIKBGGNBBOEI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LROATHSBUUYETB-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F LROATHSBUUYETB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IEVVGBFMAHJELO-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;benzoate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IEVVGBFMAHJELO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WWIYWFVQZQOECA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.C[N+](C)(C)C WWIYWFVQZQOECA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RXMRGBVLCSYIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+](C)(C)C RXMRGBVLCSYIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- MANNXDXMUHZSRP-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylazanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MANNXDXMUHZSRP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BGQMOFGZRJUORO-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC BGQMOFGZRJUORO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PXJUBOLFJDSAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O.CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC PXJUBOLFJDSAQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LENBOWGJEQXFCI-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LENBOWGJEQXFCI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IGVWFPZXBUTUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC IGVWFPZXBUTUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N triammonium citrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O YWYZEGXAUVWDED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940066528 trichloroacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AANIRNIRVXARSN-UHFFFAOYSA-M trifluoromethanesulfonate;trimethylsulfanium Chemical compound C[S+](C)C.[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F AANIRNIRVXARSN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UGGNCLOOZZXYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethanesulfonic acid tris(4-butoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound FC(S(=O)(=O)[O-])(F)F.C(CCC)OC1=CC=C(C=C1)[PH+](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OCCCC)C1=CC=C(C=C1)OCCCC UGGNCLOOZZXYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- GOUGVXDHOZBESW-UHFFFAOYSA-M triphenylsulfanium;benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 GOUGVXDHOZBESW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VMJFYMAHEGJHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M triphenylsulfanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 VMJFYMAHEGJHFH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SPXRMAGRRRUEGL-UHFFFAOYSA-L triphenylsulfanium;carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O.C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 SPXRMAGRRRUEGL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UGPPZNGBFLGAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M triphenylsulfanium;formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O.C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 UGPPZNGBFLGAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CVJLQNNJZBCTLI-UHFFFAOYSA-M triphenylsulfanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 CVJLQNNJZBCTLI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003648 triterpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002966 varnish Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/075—Silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/06—Preparatory processes
- C08G77/08—Preparatory processes characterised by the catalysts used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02123—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon
- H01L21/02126—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material containing silicon the material containing Si, O, and at least one of H, N, C, F, or other non-metal elements, e.g. SiOC, SiOC:H or SiONC
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02205—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition
- H01L21/02208—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si
- H01L21/02214—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound comprising silicon and oxygen
- H01L21/02216—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates the layer being characterised by the precursor material for deposition the precursor containing a compound comprising Si the compound comprising silicon and oxygen the compound being a molecule comprising at least one silicon-oxygen bond and the compound having hydrogen or an organic group attached to the silicon or oxygen, e.g. a siloxane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02104—Forming layers
- H01L21/02107—Forming insulating materials on a substrate
- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02282—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process liquid deposition, e.g. spin-coating, sol-gel techniques, spray coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/312—Organic layers, e.g. photoresist
- H01L21/3121—Layers comprising organo-silicon compounds
- H01L21/3122—Layers comprising organo-silicon compounds layers comprising polysiloxane compounds
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
本發明係有關作為半導體元件等之製程之微細加工用之多層光阻法之中間層使用的含矽膜,特別是非常適合以旋轉塗佈形成中間層之含矽膜形成用組成物,使用此組成物形成之含矽膜,含矽膜形成基板及使用此圖型形成方法。
隨著LSI之高積體化與高速度化,圖型尺寸之微細化急速進展。微影技術與此微細化併用,藉由光源的短波長化與適當選擇對該光源短波長化之光阻組成物,可形成微細圖型。其中心係以單層使用之正型光阻組成物。此單層正型光阻組成物在光阻樹脂中具有對於氯系或氟系之氣體電漿之蝕刻具有耐蝕刻性之骨架,且具有曝光部份可溶解之光阻機構,使曝光部份溶解形成圖型,以殘留之光阻圖型為蝕刻光罩,將塗佈光阻組成物之被加工基板進行蝕刻加工。
但是使用之光阻膜之膜厚於未處理狀態下進行微細化,即縮小圖型寬度時,光阻膜之解像性能會降低,或經由顯影液將光阻膜作為圖型顯影時,會造成長寬比過大,結果產生圖型崩壞。因此,隨著微細化,光阻膜厚度變薄。
被加工基板加工時,通常使用以形成圖型之光阻膜為蝕刻光罩,藉由乾蝕刻對基板加工的方法,但是事實上仍無光阻膜與被加工基板之間可取得完全之蝕刻選擇性的乾蝕刻方法,因此基板在加工中,光阻膜也受傷害,基板加工中光阻膜崩壊,無法將光阻圖型正確轉印於被加工基板上。因而隨著圖型之微細化,因光阻材料而要求較高之耐乾蝕刻性。
又,經由曝光波長之短波長化,用於光阻組成物的樹脂被要求為曝光波長之光吸收較小的樹脂,因此對於i線、KrF雷射、ArF雷射之變化,而改變為酚醛清漆樹脂、聚羥基苯乙烯、具有脂肪族環狀骨架之樹脂,實際上,對於上述乾蝕刻條件之蝕刻速度已變快,顯影性較高知最近的光阻組成物反而有耐蝕刻性降低的傾向。
因此,必須以更薄,耐蝕刻性更弱之光阻膜對被加工基板進行乾蝕刻,以確保此加工步驟之材料及製程為當務之急。
解決此種問題點方法之一例如有多層光阻法。此方法係使光阻膜,即光阻上層膜與蝕刻選擇性不同之中間膜介於光阻上層膜與被加工基板之間,在光阻上層膜得到圖型後,將上層光阻圖型作為蝕刻光罩,藉由乾蝕刻將圖型轉印於中間膜,再以中間膜為蝕刻光罩,藉由乾蝕刻將圖型轉印於被加工基板的方法。
多層光阻法之一的2層光阻法,例如上層光阻材料使用含矽的樹脂,中間膜使用酚醛清漆樹脂的方法(例如,專利文獻1:日本特開平6-95385號公報)。矽樹脂顯示對於氧電漿之反應性乾蝕刻為良好的耐蝕刻性,但是使用氟系氣體電漿時容易被蝕刻除去。而酚醛清漆樹脂在氧氣體電漿之反應性乾蝕刻可被容易蝕刻除去,但是對於氟系氣體電漿或氯系氣體電漿之蝕刻顯示良好的耐蝕刻性。因此,酚醛清漆樹脂膜以光阻中間膜的形態形成於被加工基板上,其上形成使用含矽樹脂之光阻上層膜。接著,對於含矽光阻膜以能量線之照射及顯影等之後處理形成圖型,以其為乾蝕刻光罩,利用氧電漿之反應性乾蝕刻,將光阻圖型被除去之部分的酚醛清漆樹脂以乾蝕刻除去,將圖型轉印於酚醛清漆膜,被轉印至此酚醛清漆膜的圖型作為乾蝕刻光罩,使用氟系氣體電漿或氯系氣體電漿之蝕刻可將圖型轉印於被加工基板。
這種乾蝕刻之圖型轉印在蝕刻光罩之耐蝕刻性足夠時,可得到比較良好形狀的轉印圖型,因此不易發生光阻顯影時因顯影液導致之摩擦等造成圖型崩塌之問題,可得到較高之長寬比的圖型。因此,例如使用酚醛清漆樹脂之光阻膜相當於中間膜之膜厚的厚度時,即使對於因長寬比的問題,使顯影時之圖型崩塌等無法直接形成的微細圖型,依據上述2層光阻法時,作為被加工基板之乾蝕刻光罩,可得到充分厚度的酚醛清漆樹脂圖型。
多層光阻法例如有可使用單層光阻法所使用之一般光阻組成物進行的3層光阻法。例如在被加工基板上以酚醛清漆等之有機膜為光阻下層膜的形態形成膜,其上形成膜以含矽膜作為中間膜,在其上形成以一般有機系光阻膜作為光阻上層膜。對於氟系氣體電漿之乾蝕刻,有機系之光阻上層膜對含矽光阻中間膜可取得良好之蝕刻選擇比,因此光阻圖型使用氟系氣體電漿之乾蝕刻,被轉印至含矽光阻中間膜。依據此方法時,具有被加工基板直接加工用之充分膜厚的圖型難以形成的光阻組成物,或基板加工時,即使使用乾蝕刻耐性不足之光阻組成物,只要可使圖型轉印於含矽膜時,與2層光阻法相同,可得到在加工上具有充分乾蝕刻耐性之酚醛清漆膜的圖型。
如上述3層光阻法所使用之含矽光阻中間膜可使用利用CVD之含矽無機膜,例如SiO2
膜(例如,專利文獻2:日本特開平7-183194號公報等)或SiON膜(例如,專利文獻3:日本特開平7-181688號公報等),藉由旋轉塗佈可得到膜者,例如有SOG(旋塗式玻璃)膜(例如,專利文獻4:日本特開平5-291208號公報等,非專利文獻1:J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,Vol.88,636-640(2003))或交聯性倍半矽氧烷膜(例如,專利文獻5:特表2005-520354號公報等)等,也可使用聚矽烷膜(例如,專利文獻6:日本特開平11-60735號公報等)。這些當中,SiO2
膜或SiON膜雖具有使下層有機膜在乾蝕刻時之蝕刻光罩的高性能者,但在成膜需要特別裝置。相對於此,SOG膜或交聯性倍半矽氧烷膜、聚矽烷膜可僅以旋轉塗佈與加熱成膜,製程效率高。
多層光阻法之適用範圍僅止提高光阻膜之解像臨界之嘗試而已。如基板加工之一之方法的先蝕刻導孔(via-first)法,加工中間體基板具有較大的高低差時,以單一光阻膜形成圖型時,因光阻膜厚有較大的差異,因此光阻曝光時會產生焦點無法正確對焦等的問題。此種情形係使高低差以犧牲膜掩埋加以平坦化後,在其上形成光阻膜,形成光阻圖型,但此時必然會使用如上述的多層光阻法(例如,專利文獻7:日本特開2004-349572號公報等)。
這種多層光阻法,在以往使用之含矽膜還有一些問題。例如,藉由光微影欲形成光阻圖型時,曝光光在基板上反射,與入射光產生干擾,引起所謂駐波的問題為人所知,為了得到無光阻膜之邊緣粗糙度的微細圖型時,必須要置入作為中間膜之防反射膜。特別是最前端之高NA曝光條件下,反射控制是必要條件。
因此,為了反射控制時,以多層光阻法,特別是CVD形成含矽膜之中間膜的製程中,在光阻上層膜與含矽中間膜之間必須置入有機防反射膜。但是置入有機防反射膜時,使光阻上層膜作為乾蝕刻光罩,而必須對有機防反射膜進行圖型加工,在乾蝕刻時,光阻上層膜為光罩,對有機防反射膜進行乾蝕刻加工後,再對含矽中間層加工。因此,對有機防反射膜加工的程度,也對上層光阻施加乾蝕刻的負擔。特別是最前端的光阻膜的厚度變薄,這種乾蝕刻的負擔無法避免。因此不會產聲如上述之乾蝕刻負擔的光吸收性含矽膜作為中間膜使用的3層光阻法受矚目。
這種光吸收性含矽中間膜有旋轉塗佈型之光吸收性含矽中間膜為人所知。例如揭示具有以芳香族構造作為光吸收構造的方法(專利文獻8:特開2005-15779號公報)。但是以高效率吸收光之芳香環構造在氟系氣體電漿之乾蝕刻加工時,具有降低乾蝕刻速度的功用,因此在不會對光阻膜施加負荷的狀態下,不利於中間膜之乾蝕刻。添加大量之這種光吸收性取代基較不理想,因此必須抑制最小限量的導入量。
中間膜作為乾蝕刻光罩,在光阻下層膜加工時,對於一般使用之氧氣體電漿之反應性乾蝕刻的乾蝕刻速度,為了提高中間膜與下層膜之蝕刻選擇比,其速度較低為佳,因此對於氟系蝕刻氣體之反應性較高之含矽量儘量高的中間膜較佳。如此,從上層之光阻膜、下層之有機膜中任一種膜之加工條件要求,較佳為對於氟氣體之反應性高的成份、含矽量高的中間膜。
但是實際之旋轉塗佈型含矽中間膜形成組成物係含有有機取代基可使含矽化合物溶解於有機溶劑中。以往所知之含矽中間膜中,形成SOG膜的組成物在非專利文獻1(J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,Vol.88,636-640(2003))中揭示使用KrF準分子雷射光的微影。但是此組成物未記載光吸收基,因此由此組成物所得之含矽膜應無防反射功能。因此,使用最先進之高NA曝光機之微影無法壓抑曝光時之反射,因此可能無法得到高精細的圖型形狀。
除了要求這些乾蝕刻特性及防反射效果外,為了形成含矽率較高之中間膜的組成物中,特別成為問題是該組成物的保存安定性。此時保存安定性係指組成物所含有之含矽化合物之矽烷醇基產生縮合,有時組成物的分子量會改變。如此可觀測膜厚變動或微影性能改變。特別是微影性能改變較敏感,因此即使分子內之矽烷醇基產生縮合,無法觀測膜厚上昇或分子量變化,也能觀測高精細之圖型形状的變化。
以往,以酸性状態保持這種反應性較高的矽烷醇基時,可較安定化,例如非專利文獻2(C.J.Brinker and G.W.Scherer,“Sol-Gel Science:The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing”,Academic Press,San Diego(1990))等。非專利文獻1(J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,Vol.88,636-640(2003))、專利文獻9(特開2004-157469號公報)及專利文獻10(特開2004-191386號公報)等揭示為了提高保存安定性而添加水。但是以該專利文獻所示方法所製造的含矽化合物即使提到這種方法,但是實際上無法完全阻止矽烷醇基之縮合反應,隨著時間,組成物中之含矽化合物慢慢改變,由變化後之組成物所得之含矽膜的特性也改變,因此冷藏或冷凍保管至使用前,使用時返回至使用溫度(通常為23℃),必須快速用完。
〔專利文獻1〕特開平6-95385號公報〔專利文獻2〕特開平7-183194號公報〔專利文獻3〕特開平7-181688號公報〔專利文獻4〕特開平5-291208號公報〔專利文獻5〕特表2005-520354號公報〔專利文獻6〕特開平11-60735號公報〔專利文獻7〕特開2004-349572號公報〔專利文獻8〕特開2005-15779號公報〔專利文獻9〕特開2004-157469號公報〔專利文獻10〕特開2004-191386號公報
〔非專利文獻1〕J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,Vol.88,636-640(2003)〔非專利文獻2〕C.J.Brinker and G.W.Scherer,“Sol-Gel Science:The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing”,Academic Press,San Diego(1990)
本發明之課題係提供(1)形成於有機膜上之含矽膜上形成光阻膜,接著形成光阻圖型時,因含矽膜具有光吸收性能,因此即使高NA曝光条件也可形成良好的圖型,(2)含矽膜之上層之光阻膜、下層之有機膜之間可形成良好的乾蝕刻光罩用含矽膜,(3)保存安定性良好之含矽膜形成用組成物,由此組成物所得之含矽膜,形成此含矽膜的基板及圖型形成方法。
本發明人等對於含矽中間膜形成用組成物之微影特性及安定性精心檢討,結果發現經由選自無機酸及磺酸衍生物之1種以上的化合物作為酸觸媒使用,由將水解性矽化合物進行水解縮合所得之含矽化合物的反應混合物中,實質上除去上述酸觸媒的步驟可得之含矽化合物中添加下述(B)成分及(C)成分,(1)可得到導入下述之光吸收性取代基,即使在浸潤之高NA曝光条條件下,也可抑制反射的含矽膜,(2)可得到乾蝕刻光罩充分之蝕刻選擇比的含矽膜,(3)可得到長期保持微影特性之性能不變之含矽膜形成用組成物,遂完成本發明。
換言之,本發明係提供一種熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其特徵係含有:(A)經由選自無機酸及磺酸衍生物之1種以上的化合物作為酸觸媒使用,由將水解性矽化合物進行水解縮合所得之含矽化合物的反應混合物中,實質上除去上述酸觸媒的步驟,所得之含矽化合物,(B)下述一般式(1)或(2)表示之化合物、La
Hb
X (1)(式中,L係鋰、鈉、鉀、銣或銫,X為羥基或碳數1~30之1價或2價以上的有機酸基,a為1以上的整數,b係0或1以上之整數,a+b為羥基或有機酸基的價數)MA (2)(式中,M係鋶、碘鎓或銨,A為非親核性對向離子)(C)碳數1~30之1價或2價以上的有機酸,(D)有機溶劑(申請專利範圍第1項)。
一般水解性矽化合物(以下稱為單體)在酸觸媒下,與水作用時,與矽原子結合之水解性取代基接受水解,形成矽烷醇基。此矽烷醇基再與另外的矽烷醇基或未反應之水解性基產生縮合反應,形成矽氧烷鍵。然後,此反應連續重複發生,可形成所謂低聚物或聚合物,有時稱為溶膠之含矽化合物。此時來自體系內水解反應所生成之單體、低聚物、聚合物等之矽烷醇基中,由反應性最高者依序進行縮合反應,屬於單體、低聚物、聚合物等之矽烷醇基被消耗,形成含矽化合物。此縮合反應無限制進行,有時最後直到含矽化合物溶液形成凝膠化為止。
但是此縮合反應被特定pH抑制,如非專利文獻2(C.J.Brinker and G.W.Scherer,“Sol-Gel Science:The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing’,Academic Press,San Diego(1990)等為人所知,特別是非專利文獻1(J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,Vol.88,636-640(2003))中記載pH為1.5左右(以下稱為安定pH)較安定。
以往技術所製造之含矽化合物係實質上未除去水解縮合時所使用之酸觸媒,直接用於塗佈膜形成用組成物。因此,組成物中殘留縮合反應觸媒,即使為被控制於安定pH的組成物,也無法抑制矽烷醇的縮合,僅能得到保存安定性差的組成物。
又,最初矽烷醇成為安定pH之酸性物質作為水解縮合觸媒使用所得之塗佈膜形成用組成物係因矽烷醇基之縮合反應為充分進行,使殘存矽烷醇基增加。即使組成物保存於安定pH,也因矽烷醇基的量太多,僅能得到保存安定性低的組成物。
本發明係由使用最適合水解縮合的酸觸媒所得之含矽化合物中,實質上除去酸觸媒後,使用(C)成分,控制於安定pH時,大幅提高保存安定性。
另外,欲使保持於這種安定pH的組成物硬化時,以往,必須要300℃以上的高溫或熱酸產生劑之酸觸媒。本發明係塗佈組成物加熱硬化時,以添加之(B)成分的作用,使矽烷醇基周邊的pH由安定pH變成不安定之pH區域(pH3附近,非專利文獻2:C.J.Brinker and G.W.Scherer,“Sol-Gel Science:The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing”,Academic Press,San Diego(1990))可有效使膜硬化。換言之,使用與以往溫度條件相同條件加熱硬化時,可提供比以往硬化膜更快速進行交聯的膜。因此,可控制光阻膜中之有效成分往含矽膜移動,可得到與通常之有機防反射膜相同之微影特性。
本發明係提供如申請專利範圍第1項之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其中一般式(2)之M為、三級鋶、二級碘鎓或四級銨(申請專利範圍第2項)。
利用使用(B)成分之一般式(2)表示之化合物的組成物形成硬化膜時,可提供交聯後的膜。因此,可抑制光阻膜中之有效成分往含矽膜移動,可得到與一般有機防反射膜同等程度的微影特性。
本發明係提供如申請專利範圍第1或2項之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其中一般式(2)之M為光分解性(申請專利範圍第3項)。
(B)成分在加熱硬化時,完全不揮發時,含矽膜中可能殘留(B)成分。此成分可能使光阻圖型形狀變差。而曝光時,使用(B)成分之陽離子部分產生分解的化合物時,可防止曝光時之光阻圖型形狀變差。因此大幅提高含矽化合物之硬化性能,可提供微影形狀良好之含矽硬化膜。
本發明係提供如申請專利範圍第1~3項中任一項之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其係尚含有水及/或水溶性有機溶劑(申請專利範圍第4項)。
添加水及/或水溶性有機溶劑,使矽烷醇基之電荷安定,可抑制矽烷醇基之縮合,可提供由製造至實際使用時為止,性能不變的組成物,即保存安定性良好的組成物。
本發明係提供如申請專利範圍第1~4項中任一項之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其係尚含有光酸產生劑(申請專利範圍第5項)。
(B)成分在加熱硬化或曝光時,完全不揮發時,含矽膜中可能殘留(B)成分。此成分可能使光阻圖型形狀變差。含矽膜中殘留之(B)成分可能影響圖型形狀。因此光阻圖型形成時,在含矽膜中產生酸可防止光阻圖型形狀變差。
本發明係提供下述含矽膜、基板及圖型形成方法。
一種含矽膜,其特徵係在被加工基板上形成有機膜,其上形成含矽膜,再於其上使用不含矽之化學增強型光阻材料形成光阻膜,將此光阻膜進行圖型加工後,使用此光阻膜圖型將含矽膜進行圖型加工,加工後之含矽膜圖型作為蝕刻光罩,對下層之有機膜進行圖型加工,再將加工後之有機膜作為蝕刻光罩,將被加工基板在蝕刻之多層光阻法中使用的含矽膜,且由申請專利範圍第1~5項中任一項之組成物所形成(申請專利範圍第6項)。
一種含矽膜,其係在申請專利範圍第5項之多層光阻法中,由化學增強型光阻材料所得之光阻膜與含矽膜之間夾雜有機防反射膜之多層光阻法中使用的含矽膜,且由申請專利範圍第1~5項中任一項之組成物所形成的(申請專利範圍第7項)。
一種基板,其特徵係依序形成有機膜、此有機膜上形成由申請專利範圍第1~5項中任一項之組成物所形成的含矽膜及其上形成光阻膜者(申請專利範圍第8項)。
一種基板,其特徵係依序形成有機膜、此有機膜上形成由申請專利範圍第1~5項中任一項之組成物所形成的含矽膜、有機防反射膜及其上形成光阻膜者(申請專利範圍第9項)。
如申請專利範圍第8或9項之基板,其中該有機膜為具有芳香族骨架的膜(申請專利範圍第10項)。
一種圖型形成方法,其係在基板上形成圖型的方法,其特徵係準備申請專利範圍第8項的基板,將該基板之光阻膜之圖型電路區域進行曝光後,以顯影液顯影,在光阻膜上形成光阻圖型,以形成該光阻圖型的光阻膜為蝕刻光罩,對含矽膜進行乾蝕刻,以形成圖型之含矽膜作為蝕刻光罩,對有機膜進行蝕刻,以形成圖型之有機膜為光罩,對基板進行蝕刻,在基板上形成圖型(申請專利範圍第11項)。
一種圖型形成方法,其係在基板上形成圖型的方法,其特徵係準備申請專利範圍第9項的基板,將該基板之光阻膜之圖型電路區域進行曝光後,以顯影液顯影,在光阻膜上形成光阻圖型,以形成該光阻圖型的光阻膜為蝕刻光罩,對有機防反射膜及含矽膜進行乾蝕刻,以形成圖型之含矽膜作為蝕刻光罩對有機膜進行蝕刻,以形成圖型之有機膜為光罩,對基板進行蝕刻,在基板上形成圖型(申請專利範圍第12項)。
如申請專利範圍第11或12項之圖型形成方法,其中該有機膜為具有芳香族骨架的膜(申請專利範圍第13項)。
如申請專利範圍第11、12或13項之圖型形成方法,其係在光阻圖型形成中,利用使用波長為300nm以下之光的微影法(申請專利範圍第14項)。
一種SOG化合物用熱交聯促進劑,其特徵係由上述(B)成分所構成(申請專利範圍第15項)。
使用本發明之中間膜或基板,以微影在基板上形成圖型時,可在基板上形成高精度之微細圖型。
此時使用具有芳香族骨架之有機膜時,不僅具有微影步驟之防反射效果,且基板蝕刻加工時,形成具有充分耐蝕刻性的有機膜,可蝕刻加工。
本發明藉由使用波長為300nm以下之光,特別是ArF準分子雷射的微影形成時,可形成高精度之微細圖型。
利用使用本發明之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物的含矽中間膜可形成其上形成之光阻膜之良好的圖型。因在與有機材料之間可得到高的蝕刻選擇性,因此使用乾蝕刻製程將形成之光阻圖型依序轉印至含矽中間膜、有機下層膜上。抑制微影後產生圖型缺陷,可提供保存安定性優異的材料。
本發明之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物中,本發明使用之含矽化合物係以酸觸媒將單體(水解性矽化合物)水解縮合所得。較佳之含矽化合物的製造方法係如下所示,但是不受此限。
出發物質之單體係以下述一般式(3)表示。
R1 m1
R2 m2
R3 m3
Si(OR)(4-m1-m2-m3)
(3)(R係碳數1~3之烷基,R1
、R2
、R3
係分別為氫原子或碳數1~30之一價有機基,m1、m2、m3係0或1)
選自此下述一般式(3)表示之單體之一種或兩種以上之混合物經水解縮合者。
此處之有機基係表示含碳的基,可含有氫,也可含有氮、氧、硫、矽等。R1
、R2
、R3
之有機基例如有直鏈狀、支鏈狀、環狀之烷基、烯基、炔基、芳基、芳烷基等之非取代之一價烴基及這些之氫原子之1個或1個以上被環氧基、酯基、烷氧基、羥基等取代之基或介於-O-、-CO-、-OCO-、-COO-或-OCOO-之基等之下述一般式(4)表示之基、含有矽-矽鍵之有機基等。
一般式(3)表示之單體之R1
、R2
、R3
,較佳為氫原子、甲基、乙基、正丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、正戊基、2-乙基丁基、3-乙基丁基、2,2-二2-乙基丙基、環戊基、正己基、環己基等之烷基、乙烯基、烯丙基等之烯基、乙炔基等之炔基,光吸收基有苯基、甲苯基等之芳基、苄基、苯乙基等之芳烷基。
例如單體m1=0、m2=0、m3=0之四烷氧基矽烷,例如有四甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷、四正丙氧基矽烷、四異丙氧基矽烷。較佳為四甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷。
例如m1=1、m2=0、m3=0之三烷氧基矽烷,例如有三甲氧基矽烷、三乙氧基矽烷、三正丙氧基矽烷、三異丙氧基矽烷、甲基三甲氧基矽烷、甲基三乙氧基矽烷、甲基三正丙氧基矽烷、甲基三異丙氧基矽烷、乙基三甲氧基矽烷、乙基三乙氧基矽烷、乙基三正丙氧基矽烷、乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三正丙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、正丙基三甲氧基矽烷、正丙基三乙氧基矽烷、正丙基三正丙氧基矽烷、正丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、異丙基三甲氧基矽烷、異丙基三乙氧基矽烷、異丙基三正丙氧基矽烷、異丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、正丁基三甲氧基矽烷、正丁基三乙氧基矽烷、正丁基三正丙氧基矽烷、正丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、第二丁基三甲氧基矽烷、第二丁基三乙氧基矽烷、第二丁基三正丙氧基矽烷、第二丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三甲氧基矽烷、第三丁基三乙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三正丙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、環丙基三甲氧基矽烷、環丙基三乙氧基矽烷、環丙基三正丙氧基矽烷、環丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、環丁基三甲氧基矽烷、環丁基三乙氧基矽烷、環丁基三正丙氧基矽烷、環丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、環戊基三甲氧基矽烷、環戊基三乙氧基矽烷、環戊基三正丙氧基矽烷、環戊基三異丙氧基矽烷、環己基三甲氧基矽烷、環己基三乙氧基矽烷、環己基三正丙氧基矽烷、環己基三異丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三甲氧基矽烷、環己烯基三乙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三正丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三甲氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三乙氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三正丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、環辛烯基乙基三甲氧基矽烷、環辛烯基乙基三乙氧基矽烷、環辛烯基乙基三正丙氧基矽烷、環辛烯基乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基三甲氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基三乙氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基三正丙氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三甲氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三乙氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三正丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三甲氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三乙氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三正丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三異丙氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三甲氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三乙氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三正丙氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三異丙氧基矽烷等。光吸收基單體例如有苯基三甲氧基矽烷、苯基三乙氧基矽烷、苯基三正丙氧基矽烷、苯基三異丙氧基矽烷、苄基三甲氧基矽烷、苄基三乙氧基矽烷、苄基三正丙氧基矽烷、苄基三異丙氧基矽烷、甲苯基三甲氧基矽烷、甲苯基三乙氧基矽烷、甲苯基三正丙氧基矽烷、甲苯基三異丙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三甲氧基矽烷、苯乙基三乙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三正丙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、萘基三甲氧基矽烷、萘基三乙氧基矽烷、萘基三正丙氧基矽烷、萘基三異丙氧基矽烷等。
較佳為甲基三甲氧基矽烷、甲基三乙氧基矽烷、乙基三甲氧基矽烷、乙基三乙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷、正丙基三甲氧基矽烷、正丙基三乙氧基矽烷、異丙基三甲氧基矽烷、異丙基三乙氧基矽烷、正丁基三甲氧基矽烷、正丁基三乙氧基矽烷、異丁基三甲氧基矽烷、異丁基三乙氧基矽烷、烯丙基三甲氧基矽烷、烯丙基三乙氧基矽烷、環戊基三甲氧基矽烷、環戊基三乙氧基矽烷、環己基三甲氧基矽烷、環己基三乙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三甲氧基矽烷、環己烯基三乙氧基矽烷、苯基三甲氧基矽烷、苯基三乙氧基矽烷、苄基三甲氧基矽烷、苄基三乙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三甲氧基矽烷、苯乙基三乙氧基矽烷。
例如m1=1、m2=1、m3=0之二烷氧基矽烷,例如有二甲基二甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二甲基二正丙氧基矽烷、二甲基二異丙氧基矽烷、二乙基二甲氧基矽烷、二乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二乙基二正丙氧基矽烷、二乙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二正丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二正丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二正丙基二正丙氧基矽烷、二正丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二異丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二正丙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二正丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二正丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二正丁基二正丙氧基矽烷、二正丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二正丙氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二正丙氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二環丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二環丙基二正丙氧基矽烷、二環丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二環丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二環丁基二正丙氧基矽烷、二環丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環戊基二甲氧基矽烷、二環戊基二乙氧基矽烷、二環戊基二正丙氧基矽烷、二環戊基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環己基二甲氧基矽烷、二環己基二乙氧基矽烷、二環己基二正丙氧基矽烷、二環己基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二甲氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二乙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二正丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二正丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環辛烯基二甲氧基矽烷、二環辛烯基二乙氧基矽烷、二環辛烯基二正丙氧基矽烷、二環辛烯基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基乙基二正丙氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基乙基二異丙氧基矽烷、雙-二環庚烯基二甲氧基矽烷、雙-二環庚烯基二乙氧基矽烷、雙-二環庚烯基二正丙氧基矽烷、雙-二環庚烯基二異丙氧基矽烷、雙-二環庚基二甲氧基矽烷、雙-二環庚基二乙氧基矽烷、雙-二環庚基二正丙氧基矽烷、雙-二環庚基二異丙氧基矽烷、雙-金剛烷基二甲氧基矽烷、雙-金剛烷基二乙氧基矽烷、雙-金剛烷基二正丙氧基矽烷雙-金剛烷基二異丙氧基矽烷等。又,光吸收基單體例如有二苯基二甲氧基矽烷、二苯基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基苯基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基苯基二乙氧基矽烷、二苯基二正丙氧基矽烷、二苯基二異丙氧基矽烷等。
較佳為二甲基二甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二乙氧基矽烷、二乙基二甲氧基矽烷、二乙基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二甲丙氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二正丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二正丁基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基苯基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基苯基二乙氧基矽烷等。
例如m1=1、m2=1、m3=1之單烷氧基矽烷,例如有三甲基甲氧基矽烷、三甲基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基乙基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基乙基乙氧基矽烷等。又,光吸收基單體例如有二甲基苯基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苯基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基苄基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苄基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基苯乙基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苯乙基乙氧基矽烷等。
較佳為三甲基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基乙基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苯基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苄基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苯乙基甲氧基矽烷等。
上述R1
、R2
、R3
表示之有機基,例如有具有1個以上之碳-氧單鍵或碳-氧雙鍵的有機基。具體而言為選自環氧基、酯基、烷氧基、羥基中所成群之1種以上之基的有機基。一般式(3)中具有1個以上之碳-氧單鍵、碳-氧雙鍵之有機基例如有下述一般式(4)表示者。
(P-Q1
-(S1
)v1
-Q2
-)u
-(T)v2
-Q3
-(S2
)v3
-Q4
- (4)(上述式中,P為氫原子、羥基、環氧環、碳數1至4的烷氧基、碳數1至6的烷基羰氧基、或碳數1至6的烷羰基,而Q1
、Q2
、Q3
、Q4
係分別獨立表示-Cq
H(2q-p)
Pp
-(式中,P係與上述相同,p為0至3的整數,q為0至10的整數),u為0至3的整數,S1
與S2
係分別獨立表示-O-、-CO-、-OCO-、-COO-或-OCOO-。v1、v2、v3係分別獨立表示0或1。與這些一同,T係由脂環或芳香環所構成之2價基,T的例子如下所示。T中,Q2
與Q3
鍵結的位置並不特別限定,但是考慮立體之要因所引起之反應性或用於反應之市售試藥之取得容易性等,可適當選擇)
一般式(3)中具有碳-氧單鍵或碳-氧雙鍵中至少1個之有機基,較佳例如下列者。下述式中,(Si)係表示與Si的結合處。
R1
、R2
、R3
之有機基,例如可使用含有矽-矽鍵的有機基。具體例如下述。
選自這些單體之1種或2種以上,在反應前或反應中混合,可製得形成含矽化合物的反應原料。
含矽化合物可經由選自無機酸及磺酸衍生物之1種以上的化合物作為酸觸媒使用,將單體進行水解縮合製得。
此時使用之酸觸媒例如有氟酸、鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、過氯酸、磷酸、甲烷磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸。觸媒的使用量係對於矽單體1莫耳時,使用10-6
~10莫耳,較佳為10-5
~5莫耳,更佳為10-4
~1莫耳。
由這些單體藉由水解縮合得到含矽化合物時之水量係對於結合於單體之水解性取代基1莫耳,添加0.01~100莫耳,較佳為0.05~50莫耳,更佳為0.1~30莫耳。添加量超過100莫耳時,反應用之裝置過大不符經濟效益。
操作方法係將單體添加於觸媒水溶液中,開始水解縮合反應。此時可將有機溶劑添加於觸媒水溶液中,或單體以有機溶劑稀釋。反應溫度係0~100℃,較佳為5~80℃。較佳為單體滴加時,溫度保持5~80℃,然後以20~80℃熟成的方法。
添加於觸媒水溶液之有機溶劑或可稀釋單體之有機溶劑,例如有甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、丙酮、乙腈、四氫呋喃、甲苯、己烷、乙酸乙酯、環己酮、甲基-2-正戊酮、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二甘醇二甲甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙酮酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單第三丁醚乙酸酯。γ-丁內酯及此等的混合物。
這些中溶劑中較佳者為水溶性者。例如有甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇等之醇類,乙二醇、丙二醇等之多元醇,丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚等之多元醇縮合衍生物,丙酮、乙腈、四氫呋喃等。
其中較佳者為沸點100℃以下者。
這些有機溶劑之使用量係對於單體1莫耳時,使用0~1,000ml,較佳為0~500ml。有機溶劑之使用量較多時,反應容器過大不符經濟效益。
必要時可進行觸媒之中和反應,減壓除去水解縮合反應所生成的醇,得到反應混合物水溶液。此時中和用之鹼性物質的量係對於觸媒使用的酸時,使用0.1~2當量。此鹼性物質只要是在水中呈現鹼性者,任意物質皆可使用。
接著必須由反應混合物中除去水解縮合反應所生成之醇。此時將反應混合物加熱的溫度係因添加之有機溶劑與反應產生之醇的種類而異,較佳為0~100℃,更佳為10~90℃,特佳為15~80℃。此時之減壓度係因必須除去之有機溶劑及醇的種類、排氣裝置、凝縮裝置及加熱溫度而異,較佳為大氣壓以下,更佳為絶對壓80kPa以下,更佳為絶對壓50kPa以下。此時很難正確得知被除去之醇量,但是生成之醇大約80質量%以上被除去較佳。
其次由反應混合物中除去水解縮合使用之酸觸媒,以有機溶劑萃取含矽化合物。此時使用的有機溶劑係可溶解含矽化合物,與水混合時產生2層分離者為佳。例如有甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、丙酮、四氫呋喃、甲苯、己烷、乙酸乙酯、環己酮、甲基-2-正戊酮、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二甘醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙酮酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單第三丁醚乙酸酯、γ-丁內酯、甲基異丁酮、環戊基甲醚等及此等的混合物。
也可使用水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑的混合物。例如甲醇+乙酸乙酯、乙醇+乙酸乙酯、1-丙醇+乙酸乙酯、2-丙醇+乙酸乙酯、丙二醇單甲醚+乙酸乙酯、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚+乙酸乙酯、乙二醇單乙醚+乙酸乙酯、丙二醇單丙醚+乙酸乙酯、乙二醇單丙醚+乙酸乙酯、甲醇+甲基異丁酮、乙醇+甲基異丁酮、1-丙醇+甲基異丁酮、2-丙醇+甲基異丁酮、丙二醇單丙醚+甲基異丁酮、乙二醇單丙醚+甲基異丁酮、丙二醇單乙醚+甲基異丁酮、乙二醇單甲醚+甲基異丁酮、丙二醇單丙醚+甲基異丁酮、乙二醇單丙醚+甲基異丁酮、甲醇+環戊基甲醚、乙醇+環戊基甲醚、1-丙醇+環戊基甲醚、2-丙醇+環戊基甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚+環戊基甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚+環戊基甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚+環戊基甲醚、丙二醇單丙醚+環戊基甲醚、乙二醇單丙醚+環戊基甲醚、甲醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、1-丙醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、2-丙醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單甲醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單乙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單丙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單丙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯等組合,但是不限於這些組合。
水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑之混合比例可適當選擇,但是對於水難溶性有機溶劑100質量份時,混合水溶性有機溶劑0.1~1,000質量份,較佳為1~500質量份,更佳為2~100質量份。
接著以中性水洗淨。此水只要是使用被稱為去離子水或超純水者即可。此水的量係對於含矽化合物溶液1L時,使用0.01~100L,較佳為0.05~50L,更佳為0.1~5L。此洗淨的方法係將兩者置入相同容器內,攪拌混合後,静置將水層分離即可。洗淨次數係1次以上即可,但是洗淨10回以上僅能得到洗淨的效果,因此較佳為1~5次。
此外除去酸觸媒的方法例如有離子交換樹脂的方法、以環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷等之環氧化合物中和後除去的方法。這些方法可配合反應使用之酸觸媒來適當選擇。
本發明中,酸觸媒實質上被除去係指反應所使用之酸觸媒在含矽化合物中容許殘留10質量%以下,較佳為5質量%以下者。
酸觸媒被除去後之含矽化合物溶液中添加最後的溶劑,減壓下進行溶劑交換,得到含矽化合物溶液。此時之溶劑交換的溫度係依應被除去之萃取溶劑的種類而異,較佳為0~100℃,更佳為10~90℃,更佳為15~80℃。此時之減壓度係因必須除去之萃取溶劑的種類、排氣裝置、凝縮裝置及加熱溫度而異,較佳為大氣壓以下,更佳為絶對壓80kPa以下,更佳為絶對壓50kPa以下。
此時因溶劑改變有時含矽化合物成會不安定。此乃是因為最後的溶劑與含矽化合物之相容性所產生的,為了防止此情形,可添加作為安定劑之後述的(C)成分。添加量係對於溶劑交換前之溶劑中的含矽化合物100質量份時,添加0~25質量份,較佳為0~15質量份,更佳為0~5質量份,添加時以0.5質量份以上為佳。溶劑交換前之溶液中必要時可添加酸進行溶劑交換操作。
含矽化合物溶液中添加最後的溶劑較佳為醇系溶劑,特佳為乙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇等單烷醚、丙二醇、二丙二醇等單烷醚。具體而言,較佳為、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚等。
另外的反應操作系將水或含水有機溶劑添加於單體或單體之有機溶液中開始水解反應。此時觸媒可添加於單體或單體之有機溶液中或可添加於水或含水有機溶劑中。反應溫度較佳為0~100℃,更佳為10~80℃。較佳為水滴加時,加熱至10~50℃,然後昇溫至20~80℃熟成的方法。
使用有機溶劑時,水溶性者較佳,例如有甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、丙酮、四氫呋喃、乙腈、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二甘醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯等多元醇縮合物衍生物及此等的混合物。
有機溶劑之使用量可與前述量相同。製得之反應混合物之後處理係與前述方法相同進行後處理得到含矽化合物。
製得之含矽化合物的分子量可藉由單體之選擇,聚合時之反應條件控制來調整,使用重量平均分子量超過100,000者時,有時容易產生異物或塗佈不均,較佳為使用100,000以下者,更佳為200~50,000,更佳為300~30,000者。上述重量平均分子量之數據係依據使用檢測器之RI的凝膠滲透層析法(GPC),使用標準物質之苯乙烯,利用苯乙烯換算,以分子量表示者。
本發明之含矽膜形成用組成物係在酸性條件下製造者時,可含有2種以上之組成及/或反應條件不同的含矽化合物。
上述含矽化合物中可再添加酸、熱交聯促進劑及有機溶劑製作含矽膜形成用組成物。
為了確保本發明之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物的安定性,必須添加作為(C)成分之碳數1~30之1價或2價以上之有機酸。此時添加之酸例如有甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸、己酸、庚酸、辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、油酸、硬酯酸、亞油酸、亞麻酸、苯甲酸、苯二甲酸、間苯二甲酸、對苯二甲酸、水楊酸、三氟乙酸、單氯乙酸、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、草酸、丙二酸、甲基丙二酸、乙基丙二酸、丙基丙二酸、丁基丙二酸、二甲基丙二酸、二乙基丙二酸、丁二酸、甲基丁二酸、戊二酸、己二酸、衣康酸、馬來酸、富馬酸、檸康酸、檸檬酸等。特別理想為草酸、馬來酸、甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、檸檬酸等。為了保持安定性,可混合使用2種以上的酸。添加量係對於組成物中的含矽化合物100質量份時,添加0.001~25質量份,較佳為0.01~15質量份,更佳為0.1~5質量份。
或添加上述有機酸使換算成組成物的pH成為0≦pH≦7,較佳為0.3≦pH≦6.5,0.5≦pH≦6。
本發明中,為了促進含矽膜形成時之交聯反應,必須含有作為(B)成分之交聯促進劑。這種交聯促進劑例如有下述一般式(1)及(2)表示之化合物。
La
Hb
X (1)(式中,L係鋰、鈉、鉀、銣或銫,X為羥基或碳數1~30之1價或2價以上的有機酸基,a為1以上的整數,b係0或1以上之整數,a+b為羥基或有機酸基的價數)MA (2)(式中,M係鋶、碘鎓或銨,A為非親核性對向離子)
一般式(1)表示之化合物,例如有鹼金屬有機酸鹽。例如有鋰、鈉、鉀、銣、銫之氫酸鹽、甲酸鹽、乙酸鹽、丙酸鹽、丁酸鹽、戊酸鹽、己酸鹽、庚酸鹽、辛酸鹽、壬酸鹽、癸酸鹽、油酸鹽、硬酯酸鹽、亞油酸鹽、亞麻酸鹽、苯甲酸鹽鹽、苯二甲酸鹽、間苯二甲酸鹽、對苯二甲酸鹽、水楊酸鹽、三氟乙酸鹽、單氯乙酸鹽、二氯乙酸鹽、三氯乙酸鹽等1價鹽、1價或2價之草酸鹽、丙二酸鹽、甲基丙二酸鹽、乙基丙二酸鹽、丙基丙二酸鹽、丁基丙二酸鹽、二甲基丙二酸鹽、二乙基丙二酸鹽、丁二酸鹽、甲基丁二酸鹽、戊二酸鹽、己二酸鹽、衣康酸鹽、馬來酸鹽、富馬酸鹽、檸康酸鹽、檸檬酸鹽、碳酸鹽等。
具體例有甲酸鋰、乙酸鋰、丙酸鋰、丁酸鋰、戊酸鋰、己酸鋰、庚酸鋰、辛酸鋰、壬酸鋰、癸酸鋰、油酸鋰、硬酯酸鋰、亞油酸鋰、亞麻酸鋰、苯甲酸鋰、苯二甲酸鋰、間苯二甲酸鋰、對苯二甲酸鋰、水楊酸鋰、三氟甲烷磺酸鋰、三氟乙酸鋰、單氯乙酸鋰、二氯乙酸鋰、三氯乙酸鋰、氫氧化鋰、草酸氫鋰、丙二酸氫鋰、甲基丙二酸氫鋰、乙基丙二酸氫鋰、丙基丙二酸氫鋰、丁基丙二酸氫鋰、二甲基丙二酸氫鋰、二乙基丙二酸氫鋰、丁二酸氫鋰、甲基丁二酸氫鋰、戊二酸氫鋰、己二酸氫鋰、衣康酸氫鋰、馬來酸氫鋰、富馬酸氫鋰、檸康酸氫鋰、檸檬酸氫鋰、碳酸氫鋰、草酸鋰、丙二酸鋰、甲基丙二酸鋰、乙基丙二酸鋰、丙基丙二酸鋰、丁基丙二酸鋰、二甲基丙二酸鋰、二乙基丙二酸鋰、丁二酸鋰、甲基丁二酸鋰、戊二酸鋰、己二酸鋰、衣康酸鋰、馬來酸鋰、富馬酸鋰、檸康酸鋰、檸檬酸鋰、碳酸鋰、甲酸鈉、乙酸鈉、丙酸鈉、丁酸鈉、戊酸鈉、己酸鈉、庚酸鈉、辛酸鈉、壬酸鈉、癸酸鈉、油酸鈉、硬酯酸鈉、亞油酸鈉、亞麻酸鈉、苯甲酸鈉、苯二甲酸鈉、間苯二甲酸鈉、對苯二甲酸鈉、水楊酸鈉、三氟甲烷磺酸鈉、三氟乙酸鈉、單氯乙酸鈉、二氯乙酸鈉、三氯乙酸鈉、氫氧化鈉、草酸氫鈉、丙二酸氫鈉、甲基丙二酸氫鈉、乙基丙二酸氫鈉、丙基丙二酸氫鈉、丁基丙二酸氫鈉、二甲基丙二酸氫鈉、二乙基丙二酸氫鈉、丁二酸氫鈉、甲基丁二酸氫鈉、戊二酸氫鈉、己二酸氫鈉、衣康酸氫鈉、馬來酸氫鈉、富馬酸氫鈉、檸康酸氫鈉、檸檬酸氫鈉、碳酸氫鈉、草酸鈉、丙二酸鈉、甲基丙二酸鈉、乙基丙二酸鈉、丙基丙二酸鈉、丁基丙二酸鈉、二甲基丙二酸鈉、二乙基丙二酸鈉、丁二酸鈉、甲基丁二酸鈉、戊二酸鈉、己二酸鈉、衣康酸鈉、馬來酸鈉、富馬酸鈉、檸康酸鈉、檸檬酸鈉、碳酸鈉、甲酸鉀、乙酸鉀、丙酸鉀、丁酸鉀、戊酸鉀、己酸鉀、庚酸鉀、辛酸鉀、壬酸鉀、癸酸鉀、油酸鉀、硬酯酸鉀、亞油酸鉀、亞麻酸鉀、苯甲酸鉀、苯二甲酸鉀、間苯二甲酸鉀、對苯二甲酸鉀、水楊酸鉀、三氟甲烷磺酸鉀、三氟乙酸鉀、單氯乙酸鉀、二氯乙酸鉀、三氯乙酸鉀、氫氧化鉀、草酸氫鉀、丙二酸氫鉀、甲基丙二酸氫鉀、乙基丙二酸氫鉀、丙基丙二酸氫鉀、丁基丙二酸氫鉀、二甲基丙二酸氫鉀、二乙基丙二酸氫鉀、丁二酸氫鉀、甲基丁二酸氫鉀、戊二酸氫鉀、己二酸氫鉀、衣康酸氫鉀、馬來酸氫鉀、富馬酸氫鉀、檸康酸氫鉀、檸檬酸氫鉀、碳酸氫鉀、草酸鉀、丙二酸鉀、甲基丙二酸鉀、乙基丙二酸鉀、丙基丙二酸鉀、丁基丙二酸鉀、二甲基丙二酸鉀、二乙基丙二酸鉀、丁二酸鉀、甲基丁二酸鉀、戊二酸鉀、己二酸鉀、衣康酸鉀、馬來酸鉀、富馬酸鉀、檸康酸鉀、檸檬酸鉀、碳酸鉀等。
一般式(2)表示之化合物,例如有以(Q-1)、(Q-2)及(Q-3)表示之鋶化合物、碘鎓化合物、銨化合物。
上述R204
、R205
、R206
、R207
、R208
、R209
、R210
係可彼此相同或不相同,具體而言,烷基例如有:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基、環丙基甲基、4-甲基環己基、環己基甲基、降冰片基、金剛烷基等。烯基例如有:乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯基、丁烯基、己烯基、環己烯基等。氧代烷基例如有:2-氧代環戊基、2-氧代環己基等,2-氧代丙基、2-環戊基-2-氧代乙基、2-環己基-2-氧代乙基、2-(4-甲基環己基)-2-氧代乙基等。芳基例如有:苯基、萘基等,或對甲氧苯基、間甲氧苯基、鄰甲氧苯基、乙氧苯基、對第三丁氧苯基、間第三丁氧苯基等的烷氧苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、乙基苯基、4-第三丁基苯基、4-丁基苯基、二甲基苯基等的烷基苯基、甲基萘基、乙基萘基等的烷基萘基,甲氧萘基、乙氧萘基等的烷氧萘基,二甲基萘基、二乙基萘基等的二烷基萘基、二甲氧萘基、二乙氧萘基等的二烷氧萘基等。芳烷基例如有:苄基、苯基乙基、苯乙基等。芳基氧代烷基例如有:2-苯基-2-氧代乙基、2-(1-萘基)-2-氧代乙基、2-(2-萘基)-2-氧代乙基等的2-芳基-2-氧代乙基等。A-
的非親核性對向離子例如有:氫氧離子、甲酸離子、乙酸離子、丙酸離子、丁酸離子、戊酸離子、己酸離子、庚酸離子、辛酸離子、壬酸離子、癸酸離子、油酸離子、硬酯酸離子、亞油酸離子、亞麻酸離子、苯甲酸離子離子、苯二甲酸離子、間苯二甲酸離子、對苯二甲酸離子、水楊酸離子、三氟乙酸離子、單氯乙酸離子、二氯乙酸離子、三氯乙酸離子等1價離子、1價或2價之草酸離子、丙二酸離子、甲基丙二酸離子、乙基丙二酸離子、丙基丙二酸離子、丁基丙二酸離子、二甲基丙二酸離子、二乙基丙二酸離子、丁二酸離子、甲基丁二酸離子、戊二酸離子、己二酸離子、衣康酸離子、馬來酸離子、富馬酸離子、檸康酸離子、檸檬酸離子、碳酸離子等。
具體而言,鋶化合物可例示如甲酸三苯鋶、乙酸三苯鋶、丙酸三苯鋶、丁酸三苯鋶、戊酸三苯鋶、己酸三苯鋶、庚酸三苯鋶、辛酸三苯鋶、壬酸三苯鋶、癸酸三苯鋶、油酸三苯鋶、硬酯酸三苯鋶、亞油酸三苯鋶、亞麻酸三苯鋶、苯甲酸三苯鋶、苯二甲酸三苯鋶、間苯二甲酸三苯鋶、對苯二甲酸三苯鋶、水楊酸三苯鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸三苯鋶、三氟乙酸三苯鋶、單氯乙酸三苯鋶、二氯乙酸三苯鋶、三氯乙酸三苯鋶、氫氧化三苯鋶、草酸三苯鋶、丙二酸三苯鋶、甲基丙二酸三苯鋶、乙基丙二酸三苯鋶、丙基丙二酸三苯鋶、丁基丙二酸三苯鋶、二甲基丙二酸三苯鋶、二乙基丙二酸三苯鋶、丁二酸三苯鋶、甲基丁二酸三苯鋶、戊二酸三苯鋶、己二酸三苯鋶、衣康酸三苯鋶、馬來酸三苯鋶、富馬酸三苯鋶、檸康酸三苯鋶、檸檬酸三苯鋶、碳酸三苯鋶、氯化三苯鋶、溴化三苯鋶、碘化三苯鋶、草酸雙三苯鋶、丙二酸雙三苯鋶、甲基丙二酸雙三苯鋶、乙基丙二酸雙三苯鋶、丙基丙二酸雙三苯鋶、丁基丙二酸雙三苯鋶、二甲基丙二酸雙三苯鋶、二乙基丙二酸雙三苯鋶、丁二酸雙三苯鋶、甲基丁二酸雙三苯鋶、戊二酸雙三苯鋶、己二酸雙三苯鋶、衣康酸雙三苯鋶、馬來酸雙三苯鋶、富馬酸雙三苯鋶、檸康酸雙三苯鋶、檸檬酸雙三苯鋶、碳酸雙三苯鋶等。
碘鎓化合物之具體例有甲酸二苯碘鎓、乙酸二苯碘鎓、丙酸二苯碘鎓、丁酸二苯碘鎓、戊酸二苯碘鎓、己酸二苯碘鎓、庚酸二苯碘鎓、辛酸二苯碘鎓、壬酸二苯碘鎓、癸酸二苯碘鎓、油酸二苯碘鎓、硬酯酸二苯碘鎓、亞油酸二苯碘鎓、亞麻酸二苯碘鎓、苯甲酸二苯碘鎓、苯二甲酸二苯碘鎓、間苯二甲酸二苯碘鎓、對苯二甲酸二苯碘鎓、水楊酸二苯碘鎓、三氟甲烷磺酸二苯碘鎓、三氟乙酸二苯碘鎓、單氯乙酸二苯碘鎓、二氯乙酸二苯碘鎓、三氯乙酸二苯碘鎓、氫氧化二苯碘鎓、草酸二苯碘鎓、丙二酸二苯碘鎓、甲基丙二酸二苯碘鎓、乙基丙二酸二苯碘鎓、丙基丙二酸二苯碘鎓、丁基丙二酸二苯碘鎓、二甲基丙二酸二苯碘鎓、二乙基丙二酸二苯碘鎓、丁二酸二苯碘鎓、甲基丁二酸二苯碘鎓、戊二酸二苯碘鎓、己二酸二苯碘鎓、衣康酸二苯碘鎓、馬來酸二苯碘鎓、富馬酸二苯碘鎓、檸康酸二苯碘鎓、檸檬酸二苯碘鎓、碳酸二苯碘鎓、氯化二苯碘鎓、溴化二苯碘鎓、碘化二苯碘鎓、草酸雙二苯碘鎓、丙二酸雙二苯碘鎓、甲基丙二酸雙二苯碘鎓、乙基丙二酸雙二苯碘鎓、丙基丙二酸雙二苯碘鎓、丁基丙二酸雙二苯碘鎓、二甲基丙二酸雙二苯碘鎓、二乙基丙二酸雙二苯碘鎓、丁二酸雙二苯碘鎓、甲基丁二酸雙二苯碘鎓、戊二酸雙二苯碘鎓、己二酸雙二苯碘鎓、衣康酸雙二苯碘鎓、馬來酸雙二苯碘鎓、富馬酸雙二苯碘鎓、檸康酸雙二苯碘鎓、檸檬酸雙二苯碘鎓、碳酸雙二苯碘鎓等。
銨化合物之具體例有甲酸四甲銨、乙酸四甲銨、丙酸四甲銨、丁酸四甲銨、戊酸四甲銨、己酸四甲銨、庚酸四甲銨、辛酸四甲銨、壬酸四甲銨、癸酸四甲銨、油酸四甲銨、硬酯酸四甲銨、亞油酸四甲銨、亞麻酸四甲銨、苯甲酸四甲銨、苯二甲酸四甲銨、間苯二甲酸四甲銨、對苯二甲酸四甲銨、水楊酸四甲銨、三氟甲烷磺酸四甲銨、三氟乙酸四甲銨、單氯乙酸四甲銨、二氯乙酸四甲銨、三氯乙酸四甲銨、氫氧化四甲銨、草酸四甲銨、丙二酸四甲銨、甲基丙二酸四甲銨、乙基丙二酸四甲銨、丙基丙二酸四甲銨、丁基丙二酸四甲銨、二甲基丙二酸四甲銨、二乙基丙二酸四甲銨、丁二酸四甲銨、甲基丁二酸四甲銨、戊二酸四甲銨、己二酸四甲銨、衣康酸四甲銨、馬來酸四甲銨、富馬酸四甲銨、檸康酸四甲銨、檸檬酸四甲銨、碳酸四甲銨、氯化四甲銨、溴化四甲銨、碘化四甲銨、草酸雙四甲銨、丙二酸雙四甲銨、甲基丙二酸雙四甲銨、乙基丙二酸雙四甲銨、丙基丙二酸雙四甲銨、丁基丙二酸雙四甲銨、二甲基丙二酸雙四甲銨、二乙基丙二酸雙四甲銨、丁二酸雙四甲銨、甲基丁二酸雙四甲銨、戊二酸雙四甲銨、己二酸雙四甲銨、衣康酸雙四甲銨、馬來酸雙四甲銨、富馬酸雙四甲銨、檸康酸雙四甲銨、檸檬酸雙四甲銨、碳酸雙四甲銨、甲酸四丙銨、乙酸四丙銨、丙酸四丙銨、丁酸四丙銨、戊酸四丙銨、己酸四丙銨、庚酸四丙銨、辛酸四丙銨、壬酸四丙銨、癸酸四丙銨、油酸四丙銨、硬酯酸四丙銨、亞油酸四丙銨、亞麻酸四丙銨、苯丙酸四丙銨、苯二丙酸四丙銨、間苯二丙酸四丙銨、對苯二甲酸四丙銨、水楊酸四丙銨、三氟甲烷磺酸四丙銨、三氟乙酸四丙銨、單氯乙酸四丙銨、二氯乙酸四丙銨、三氯乙酸四丙銨、氫氧化四丙銨、草酸四丙銨、丙二酸四丙銨、甲基丙二酸四丙銨、乙基丙二酸四丙銨、丙基丙二酸四丙銨、丁基丙二酸四丙銨、二甲基丙二酸四丙銨、二乙基丙二酸四丙銨、丁二酸四丙銨、甲基丁二酸四丙銨、戊二酸四丙銨、己二酸四丙銨、衣康酸四丙銨、馬來酸四丙銨、富馬酸四丙銨、檸康酸四丙銨、檸檬酸四丙銨、碳酸四丙銨、氯化四丙銨、溴化四丙銨、碘化四丙銨、草酸雙四丙銨、丙二酸雙四丙銨、甲基丙二酸雙四丙銨、乙基丙二酸雙四丙銨、丙基丙二酸雙四丙銨、丁基丙二酸雙四丙銨、二甲基丙二酸雙四丙銨、二乙基丙二酸雙四丙銨、丁二酸雙四丙銨、甲基丁二酸雙四丙銨、戊二酸雙四丙銨、己二酸雙四丙銨、衣康酸雙四丙銨、馬來酸雙四丙銨、富馬酸雙四丙銨、檸康酸雙四丙銨、檸檬酸雙四丙銨、碳酸雙四丙銨、甲酸四丁銨、乙酸四丁銨、丙酸四丁銨、丁酸四丁銨、戊酸四丁銨、己酸四丁銨、庚酸四丁銨、辛酸四丁銨、壬酸四丁銨、癸酸四丁銨、油酸四丁銨、硬酯酸四丁銨、亞油酸四丁銨、亞麻酸四丁銨、苯丙酸四丁銨、苯二丙酸四丁銨、間苯二丙酸四丁銨、對苯二甲酸四丁銨、水楊酸四丁銨、三氟甲烷磺酸四丁銨、三氟乙酸四丁銨、單氯乙酸四丁銨、二氯乙酸四丁銨、三氯乙酸四丁銨、氫氧化四丁銨、草酸四丁銨、丙二酸四丁銨、甲基丙二酸四丁銨、乙基丙二酸四丁銨、丙基丙二酸四丁銨、丁基丙二酸四丁銨、二甲基丙二酸四丁銨、二乙基丙二酸四丁銨、丁二酸四丁銨、甲基丁二酸四丁銨、戊二酸四丁銨、己二酸四丁銨、衣康酸四丁銨、馬來酸四丁銨、富馬酸四丁銨、檸康酸四丁銨、檸檬酸四丁銨、碳酸四丁銨、氯化四丁銨、溴化四丁銨、碘化四丁銨、草酸雙四丁銨、丙二酸雙四丁銨、甲基丙二酸雙四丁銨、乙基丙二酸雙四丁銨、丙基丙二酸雙四丁銨、丁基丙二酸雙四丁銨、二甲基丙二酸雙四丁銨、二乙基丙二酸雙四丁銨、丁二酸雙四丁銨、甲基丁二酸雙四丁銨、戊二酸雙四丁銨、己二酸雙四丁銨、衣康酸雙四丁銨、馬來酸雙四丁銨、富馬酸雙四丁銨、檸康酸雙四丁銨、檸檬酸雙四丁銨、碳酸雙四丁銨等。
上述交聯促進劑可單獨或組合二種以上來使用。交聯促進劑之使用量係對於基底聚合物100質量份(以上述方法製得之含矽化合物)時,使用0.01至50質量份,更佳為0.1至40質量份。
本發明中可使用光酸產生劑。本發明使用之光酸產生劑例如有(A-I)下述一般式(P1a-1)、(P1a-2)或(P1b)之鎓鹽,(A-II)下述一般式(P2)之重氮甲烷衍生物,(A-III)下述一般式(P3)之乙二肟衍生物,(A-IV)下述一般式(P4)之雙碸衍生物,(A-V)下述一般式(P5)之N-羥基亞胺化合物之磺酸酯,(A-VI)β-酮基磺酸衍生物,(A-VII)二碸衍生物,(A-VIII)硝基苄基磺酸酯衍生物,(A-IX)磺酸酯衍生物等。
上述R101a
、R101b
、R101c
彼此可相同或不同,具體而言,烷基例如甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基、環丙基甲基、4-甲基環己基、環己基甲基、降冰片基、金剛烷基等。烯基例如乙烯基、烯丙基、丙烯基、丁烯基、己烯基、環己烯基等。氧代烷基例如2-氧代環戊基、2-氧代環己基等,2-氧代丙基、2-環戊基-2-氧代乙基、2-環己基-2-氧代乙基、2-(4-甲基環己基)-2-氧代乙基等。芳基例如苯基、萘基等及對甲氧基苯基、間甲氧基苯基、鄰甲氧基苯基、乙氧基苯基、對第三丁氧基苯基、間第三丁氧苯基等之烷氧苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、乙基苯基、4-第三丁基苯基、4-丁基苯基、二甲基苯基等之烷基苯基、甲基萘基、乙基萘基等之烷基萘基、甲氧基萘基、乙氧基萘基等烷氧基萘基、二甲基萘基、二乙基萘基等二烷基萘基等二烷基萘基、二甲氧基萘基、二乙氧基萘基等二烷氧基萘基等二烷氧基萘基。芳烷基例如苄基、苯基乙基、苯乙基等。芳基氧代烷基例如2-苯基-2-氧代乙基、2-(1-萘基)-2-氧代乙基、2-(2-萘基)-2-氧代乙基等之2-芳基-2-氧代乙基等。K-
之非親核性對向離子例如有氯化物離子、溴化物離子等鹵化物離子、三氟甲烷磺酸酯、1,1,1-三氟乙烷磺酸酯、九氟丁烷磺酸酯等氟烷基磺酸酯、甲苯磺酸酯、苯磺酸酯、4-氟苯基磺酸酯、1,2,3,4,5-五氟苯基磺酸酯等芳基磺酸酯、甲磺醯酯、丁烷磺酸酯等烷基磺酸酯等。
上述R102a
、R102b
之具體例為甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、環戊基、環己基、環丙基甲基、4-甲基環己基、環己基甲基等。R103
之具體例為伸甲基、伸乙基、伸丙基、伸丁基、伸戊基、伸己基、伸庚基、伸辛基、伸壬基、1,4-伸環己基、1,2-伸環己基、1,3-伸環戊基、1,4-伸環辛基、1,4-伸環己二甲基等。R104a
、R104b
例如有2-氧代丙基、2-氧代環戊基、2-氧代環己基、2-氧代環庚基等。K-
例如有與式(P1a-1)、(P1a-2)及(P1a-3)所說明相同者。
R105
、R106
之烷基例如甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、正丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、戊基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基、降冰片基、金剛烷基等。鹵化烷基例如有三氟甲基、1,1,1-三氟乙基、1,1,1-三氯乙基、九氟丁基等。芳基例如有苯基、對甲氧苯基、間甲氧苯基、鄰甲氧苯基、乙氧苯基、對第三丁氧苯基、間第三丁氧苯基等之烷氧苯基。2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、乙基苯基、4-第三丁基苯基、4-丁基苯基、二甲基苯基等之烷基苯基。鹵化芳基例如有氟苯基、氯苯基、1,2,3,4,5-五氟苯基等。芳烷基例如苄基、苯乙基等。
R107
、R108
、R109
之烷基、鹵化烷基、芳基、鹵化芳基、芳烷基例如有與R105
、R106
所說明者相同的基。又,R108
、R109
之伸烷基例如有伸甲基、伸乙基、伸丙基、伸丁基、伸己基等。
R110
之伸芳基例如1,2-伸苯基、1,8-伸萘基等;伸烷基例如伸甲基、伸乙基、伸丙基、伸丁基、苯基伸乙基、降冰片烷-2,3-二基等;伸烯基例如1,2-伸乙烯基、1-苯基-1,2-伸乙烯基、5-降冰片烯-2,3-二基等。R111
之烷基係與R101a
至R101c
相同者,烯基例如有乙烯基、1-丙烯基、烯丙基、1-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、異戊二烯基、1-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、二甲基烯丙基、1-己烯基、3-己烯基、5-己烯基、1-庚烯基、3-庚烯基、6-庚烯基、7-辛烯基等;烷氧烷基例如甲氧甲基、乙氧甲基、丙氧甲基、丁氧甲基、戊氧甲基、己氧甲基、庚氧甲基、甲氧乙基、乙氧乙基、丙氧乙基、丁氧乙基、戊氧乙基、己氧乙基、甲氧丙基、乙氧丙基、丙氧丙基、丁氧丙基、甲氧丁基、乙氧丁基、丙氧丁基、甲氧戊基、乙氧戊基、甲氧己基、甲氧庚基等。
又,可被取代之碳數1至4之烷基例如有甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、正丁基、異丁基、第三丁基等,碳數1至4之烷氧基例如甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、異丙氧基、正丁氧基、異丁氧基、第三丁氧基等;可被碳數1至4之烷基、烷氧基、硝基或乙醯基所取代之苯基例如有苯基、甲苯基、對第三丁氧苯基、對乙醯苯基、對硝基苯基等;碳數3至5之雜芳基例如吡啶基、呋喃基等。
具體而言,例如有下述之光酸產生劑。其中鎓鹽例如有三氟甲烷磺酸二苯基碘鎓、三氟甲烷磺酸(對第三丁氧苯基)苯基碘鎓、對甲苯磺酸二苯基碘鎓、對甲苯磺酸(對第三丁氧苯基)苯基碘鎓、三氟甲烷磺酸三苯基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸(對第三丁氧苯基)二苯基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸雙(對第三丁氧苯基)苯基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸三(對第三丁氧苯基)鋶、對甲苯磺酸三苯基鋶、對甲苯磺酸(對第三丁氧苯基)二苯基鋶、對甲苯磺酸雙(對第三丁氧苯基)苯基鋶、對甲苯磺酸三(對第三丁氧苯基)鋶、九氟丁烷磺酸三苯基鋶、丁烷磺酸三苯基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸三甲基鋶、對甲苯磺酸三甲基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸環己基甲基(2-氧代環己基)鋶、對甲苯磺酸環己基甲基(2-氧代環己基)鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸二甲基苯基鋶、對甲苯磺酸二甲基苯基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸二環己基苯基鋶、對甲苯磺酸二環己基苯基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸三萘基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸(2-降冰片基)甲基(2-氧代環己基)鋶、乙撐雙〔甲基(2-氧代環戊基)鋶三氟甲烷磺酸酯〕、1,2’-萘基羰甲基四氫噻吩鎓三氟甲烷磺酸酯(triflate)等之鎓鹽。
重氮甲烷衍生物例如有雙(苯磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(對甲苯磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(二甲苯磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(環己基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(環戊基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(正丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(異丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(第二丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(正丙基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(異丙基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(第三丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(正戊基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(異戊基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(第二戊基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(第三戊基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、1-環己基磺醯基-1-(第三丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、1-環己基磺醯基-1-(第三戊基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、1-第三戊基磺醯基-1-(第三丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷等之重氮甲烷衍生物。
乙二肟衍生物例如有雙-O-(對甲苯磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(對甲苯磺醯基)-α-二苯基乙二肟、雙-O-(對甲苯磺醯基)-α-二環己基乙二肟、雙-O-(對甲苯磺醯基)-2,3-戊二酮乙二肟、雙-O-(對甲苯磺醯基)-2-甲基-3,4-戊二酮乙二肟、雙-O-(正丁烷磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(正丁烷磺醯基)-α-二苯基乙二肟、雙-O-(正丁烷磺醯基)-α-二環己基乙二肟、雙-O-(正丁烷磺醯基)-2,3-戊二酮乙二肟、雙-O-(正丁烷磺醯基)-2-甲基-3,4-戊二酮乙二肟、雙-O-(甲烷磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(三氟甲烷磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(1,1,1-三氟乙烷磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(第三丁烷磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(全氟辛烷磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(環己烷磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(苯磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(對氟苯磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(對第三丁基苯磺醯)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(二甲苯磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(樟腦磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟等之乙二肟衍生物。
雙碸衍生物例如有雙萘基磺醯基甲烷、雙三氟甲基磺醯基甲烷、雙甲基磺醯基甲烷、雙乙基磺醯基甲烷、雙丙基磺醯基甲烷、雙異丙基磺醯甲烷、雙對甲苯磺醯基甲烷、雙苯磺醯基甲烷等之雙碸衍生物。
β-酮磺醯衍生物例如有2-環己基羰基-2-(對甲苯磺醯基)丙烷、2-異丙基磺羰基-2-(對甲苯磺醯基)丙烷等之β-酮磺醯衍生物。
二碸衍生物例如有二苯基二碸、二環己基二碸等之二碸衍生物。
硝基芐基磺酸酯衍生物例如有對甲苯磺酸2,6-二硝基苄酯、對甲苯磺酸2,4-二硝基苄酯等之硝基苄基磺酸酯衍生物。
磺酸酯衍生物例如有1,2,3-三(甲烷磺醯氧基)苯、1,2,3-三(三氟甲烷磺醯氧基)苯、1,2,3-三(對甲苯磺醯氧基)苯等之磺酸酯衍生物。
N-羥基醯亞胺化合物之磺酸酯衍生物例如有N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺三氟甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺乙烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺1-丙烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺2-丙烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺1-戊烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺1-辛烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺對甲苯磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺對甲氧基苯磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺2-氯乙烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺苯磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺-2,4,6-三甲基苯磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺1-萘磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺2-萘磺酸酯、N-羥基-2-苯基琥珀醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基馬來醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基馬來醯亞胺乙烷磺酸酯、N-羥基-2-苯基馬來醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基戊二醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基戊二醯亞胺苯磺酸酯、N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺苯磺酸酯、N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺三氟甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基鄰苯二甲醯亞胺對甲苯磺酸酯、N-羥基萘二甲醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基萘二甲醯亞胺苯磺酸酯、N-羥基-5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧基醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基-5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧基醯亞胺三氟甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基-5-降冰片烯-2,3-二羧基醯亞胺對甲苯磺酸酯等之N-羥基醯亞胺化合物之磺酸酯衍生物。
其中較佳者為三氟甲烷磺酸三苯基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸(對第三丁氧苯基)二苯基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸三(對第三丁氧苯基)鋶、對甲苯磺酸三苯基鋶、對甲苯磺酸(對第三丁氧苯基)二苯基鋶、對甲苯磺酸三(對第三丁氧苯基)鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸三萘基鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸環己基甲基(2-氧代環己基)鋶、三氟甲烷磺酸(2-降冰片基)甲基(2-氧代環己基)鋶、1,2’-萘基羰甲基四氫噻吩鎓三氟甲烷磺酸酯等鎓鹽;雙(苯磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(對甲苯磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(環己基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(正丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(異丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(第二丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(正丙基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(異丙基磺醯基)重氮甲烷、雙(第三丁基磺醯基)重氮甲烷等之重氮甲烷衍生物;雙-O-(對甲苯磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟、雙-O-(正丁烷磺醯基)-α-二甲基乙二肟等之乙二肟衍生物;雙萘基磺酸甲烷等之雙磺酸衍生物;N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺三氟甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺1-丙烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺2-丙烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺1-戊烷磺酸酯、N-羥基琥珀醯亞胺對甲苯磺酸酯、N-羥基萘二甲醯亞胺甲烷磺酸酯、N-羥基萘二甲醯亞胺苯磺酸酯等之N-羥基醯亞胺化合物之磺酸酯衍生物。
上述光酸產生劑可單獨或組合二種以上來使用。酸產生劑之使用量係對於基底聚合物100質量份(以上述方法製得之含矽化合物)時,使用0.01至50質量份,更佳為0.05至40質量份。
本發明中,組成物可添加水。水的添加量如下述。添加水時,含矽化合物被水和可提高微影特性。
本發明中,必要時可添加界面活性劑作為改質劑。界面活性劑以非離子性界面活性劑為佳,例如有全氟烷基聚氧乙烯乙醇、氟化烷酯、全氟烷基胺氧化物、全氟烷基環氧乙烷加成物、含氟有機矽氧烷系化合物等。例如有Florade「FC-430」、「FC-431」、「FC-4430」(住友3M(股)製)、Surfuron「S-141」、「S-145」、「KH-10」、「KH-20」、「KH-30」、「KH-40」(旭硝子(股)製)、Unidye「DS-401」、「DS-403」、「DS-451」(大金工業(股)製)、Megafac「F-8151」(大日本油墨工業(股)製)、「X-70-092」、「X-70-093」(信越化學工業(股)製)等。較佳為Florade「FC-4430」、「KH-20」、「KH-30」、「X-70-093」。
界面活性劑之添加量係不影響本發明效果的一般量,對於基底聚合物100質量份時,添加0至10質量份,更佳為0至1質量份。
製造本發明之含有含矽化合物的組成物時,作為(D)成分之前述含矽化合物製造時所用的有機溶劑係使用乙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇等單烷醚、丙二醇、二丙二醇等單烷醚。具體而言,較佳為選自丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚的有機溶劑。
此有機溶劑中添加作為添加劑之以下的有機溶劑時,可提高安定性。較佳為添加例如水與分子內具有1個以上之羥基或硝基之水溶性有機溶劑(添加溶劑)。有機溶劑例如有甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、異丁醇、第三丁醇、1,2-乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、甘油、2-甲氧基乙醇、2-乙氧基乙醇、2-(甲氧基甲氧基)乙醇、2-丙氧基乙醇、2-異丙氧基乙醇、2-丁氧基乙醇、二甘醇、二甘醇單甲醚、二甘醇單乙醚、二甘醇單丙醚、二甘醇單異丙醚、二甘醇單丁醚、三甘醇、三甘醇單甲醚、三甘醇單乙醚、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、1-乙氧基-2-丙醇、1-丙氧基-2-丙醇、1-異丙氧基-2-丙醇、2-甲氧基-1-丙醇、2-乙氧基-1-丙醇、2-丙氧基-1-丙醇、2-異丙氧基-1-丙醇、二丙二醇單甲醚、二丙二醇單乙醚、二丙二醇單丙醚、二丙二醇單異丙醚、糠醇、四氫糠醇、二丙酮醇、三氟乙醇、乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乙腈等,其中較佳者為碳數5以下之水溶性有機溶劑,具體例有甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、乙腈、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、2-甲氧基-1-丙醇、1-乙氧基-2-丙醇、2-乙氧基-1-丙醇。這些有機溶劑可單獨或混合二種以上來使用。
添加這種有機溶劑作為添加溶劑時,作為安定劑添加之酸的電荷更安定,助於組成物中之含矽化合物之安定化。
組成物之溶劑成分之添加溶劑的比例係質量比例為0%以上未達50%,較佳為超過0%未達50%,更佳0.1~20%,更佳為10~15%。水的含有率超過0%未達50%,較佳為0.3~30%,更佳為0.5~20%。各成分之添加量太多時,塗膜之均勻性不佳,最差時產生小凹洞。而添加量太少時,各成分的效果降低,保存安定性降低。
含水之全溶劑的使用量係對於基底聚合物100質量份時,使用500至100,000質量份,更佳為400至50,000質量份。
本發明之蝕刻光罩用之含矽膜係由含矽膜形成用組成物與光阻膜相同,以旋轉塗佈法等可在基板上製作。旋轉塗佈後,使溶劑蒸發,為了防止與上層光阻膜混合,為了促進交聯反應進行烘烤為佳。烘烤溫度在50~400℃之範圍內,以10~300秒的範圍內為佳。特別理想的溫度範圍係為了減少對下層之有機膜的熱傷害,較佳為300℃以下。
本發明中,介於下層膜在被加工基板之被加工部分之上形成含矽膜,其上形成光阻膜,可形成圖型。
此時,被加工基板之被加工部分例如有k值為3以下之低介電率絕緣膜、一次加工後之低介電率絕緣膜、含氮及/或氧之無機膜、金屬膜等。
更詳細而言,被加工基板可於基底基板上形成被加工層(被加工部分)者。基底基板並無特別限定,可使用Si、非晶質矽(α-Si)、p-si、SiO2
、SiN、SiON、W、TiN、Al等與被加工層不同的材質者。被加工層可使用Si、SiO2
、SiN、SiON、p-Si、α-Si、W、W-Si、Al、Cu、Al-Si等各種低介電膜及其蝕刻阻擋膜,通常可形成50~10,000nm,特別是100~5,000nm的厚度。
本發明中,可在上述含矽膜與上層之光阻膜之間形成市售之有機防反射膜。此時防反射膜的構造為具有芳香族取代基的化合物。本防反射膜係以乾蝕刻將上層之光阻膜的圖型轉印時,必須避免對於上層光阻膜造成蝕刻負荷。例如對於上層光阻膜,厚度為80%以下,較佳為50%以下的膜厚時,乾蝕刻時的負荷非常小。
此時,防反射膜之最低反射調整為2%以下,較佳為1%以下,更佳為0.5%以下。
本發明之含矽膜使用於ArF準分子雷射光之曝光製程時,上層光阻膜可使用通常ArF準分子雷射光用光阻組成物。ArF準分子雷射光用光阻組成物係大部分已為公知,若為正型時,藉由酸作用使酸不穩定基分解,成為鹼水溶液可溶性的樹脂,與光酸產生劑及可控制酸擴散之鹼性物質為主要成分,若為負型時,藉由酸的作用與交聯劑反應,成為鹼水溶液不溶性之樹脂與光酸產生劑、交聯劑及控制酸擴散用之鹼性物質為主要成分,但是因使用何種樹脂而特性上會有差異。將已為公知之樹脂大致分類時,有聚(甲基)丙烯酸系、COMA(Cyclo Olefin Maleic Anhydride)系、COMA-(甲基)丙烯酸混合系、ROMP(Ring Opening Methathesis Polymerization)系、聚降冰片烯系等,其中使用聚(甲基)丙烯酸系樹脂之光阻組成物係在側鏈導入脂環骨架下,可確保蝕刻耐性,因此解像性能比其他樹脂系優異。
使用聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯系樹脂之ArF準分子雷射用光阻組成物大多數為公知,作為正型用均為確保主要機能之蝕刻耐性的單元、藉由酸作用分解變成鹼可溶性的單元、確保密著性之單元等的組合,或有時含有1個單元兼具2種以上之上述機能之單元的組合構成聚合物。其中藉由酸使鹼溶解性改變的單元,例如含有具有金剛烷骨架之酸不穩定基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯(日本特開平9-73173號公報)、或具有具降冰片烷或四環十二烷骨架之酸不穩定基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯(日本特開2003-84438號公報)可賦予高解像性與蝕刻耐性,較適合使用。又,為了確保密著性的單元例如含有具內酯環之降冰片烷側鏈的(甲基)丙烯酸酯(國際公開第00/01684號說明書)、具有氧雜降冰片烷側鏈之(甲基)丙烯酸酯(日本特開2000-159758號公報)或具有羥基金剛烷基側鏈之(甲基)丙烯酸酯(日本特開平8-12626號公報)可賦予良好蝕刻耐性與高解像性,因此較適合使用。又,含有具有因鄰接位置被氟取代,顯示酸性之醇作為官能基的單元(例如Polym.Mater.Sci.Eng.1997.77.pp449)的聚合物係對聚合物賦予抑制膨潤的物性,因可賦予高解像性,因此特別是作為在近年廣受矚目之對應於浸潤法(immersion)之光阻聚合物而受矚目,聚合物中含有氟,使蝕刻耐性降低為一問題。本發明之蝕刻光罩用含矽膜,特別可有效地使用於難以確保此種蝕刻耐性的有機光阻材料。
含有上述聚合物之ArF準分子雷射用光阻組成物中,另外可含有酸產生劑、鹼性化合物等,但酸產生劑可使用與可添加於本發明之含矽膜形成用組成物者大致相同之酸產生劑,尤其是鎓鹽因感度及解像性佳,較適合使用。又,鹼性物質多數為公知,最近公開之日本特開2005-146252號公報中有多數例示,可由該等中選擇。
製作蝕刻光罩用含矽膜層後,其上使用光阻組成物溶液製作光阻層,較佳為與蝕刻光罩用含矽膜層同樣使用旋轉塗佈法。將光阻旋轉塗佈後,進行預烘烤,較佳為80~180℃,10~300秒的範圍。其後進行曝光,曝光後烘烤(PEB),進行顯影得到光阻圖型。
蝕刻光罩用含矽膜之蝕刻係使用氟系氣體、氮氣體、二氧化碳氣體等進行蝕刻。本發明之蝕刻光罩用含矽膜,其特徵係對於上述氣體之蝕刻速度快,上層光阻膜之膜減少較少。
使用本發明之含矽膜的多層光阻法係在本發明之含矽膜與被加工基板之間設置下層膜。以下層膜作為被加工基板之蝕刻光罩時,下層膜較佳為具有芳香族骨架的有機膜,但是下層膜為犧牲膜之情形等,不僅為有機膜,若矽含量為15質量%以下者時,也可為含矽材料。
使用下層膜作為被加工基板之蝕刻光罩之有機膜的多層光阻法時,有機膜係將圖型形成後之光阻圖型轉印至含矽膜後,使其圖型再次轉印的膜,具有含矽膜顯示高蝕刻耐性之蝕刻條件下可蝕刻加工之特性,同時需要被加工基板對於蝕刻加工之條件具有高蝕刻耐性的特性。
此種下層膜的有機膜作為3層光阻法用,或作為使用聚矽氧光阻組成物之2層光阻法用的下層膜大多數為公知,除了日本特開2005-128509號公報記載之4,4’-(9H-芴-9-基亞基)雙酚酚醛清漆樹脂(分子量11,000)外,以酚醛清漆樹脂為代表之多種樹脂作為2層光阻法或3層光阻法之光阻下層膜材料已為公知,這些均可使用。又,為了提高比通常之酚醛清漆更高耐熱性時,如4,4’-(9H-芴-9-基亞基)雙酚酚醛清漆樹脂可置入多環骨架,也可選擇聚醯亞胺系樹脂(例如,日本特開2004-153125號公報)。
上述有機膜係使用組成物溶液,與光阻組成物相同以旋轉塗佈法等可形成於基板上。以旋轉塗佈法等形成光阻下層膜後,為了使有機溶劑蒸發,較佳為進行烘烤。烘烤溫度較佳為80~300℃之範圍內,10~300秒的範圍內。
此外雖無特別限定,但因蝕刻加工條件而異,下層膜的厚度為10nm以上,較佳為50nm以上,50,000nm以下,本發明之含矽膜的厚度為1nm以上,200nm以下,光阻膜的厚度較佳為1nm以上,300nm以下。
使用本發明之蝕刻光罩用含矽膜的3層光阻法係如下述。此製程係首先在被加工基板上以旋轉塗佈法等製製作有機膜。此有機膜係作為蝕刻被加工基板時的光罩使用,因此蝕刻耐性高者較佳,必須不會與上層之蝕刻光罩用含矽膜混合,因此旋轉塗佈後,藉由熱或酸交聯為宜。其上以前述方法形成由本發明之組成物所得之蝕刻光罩用含矽膜、光阻膜。光阻膜係依據特定方法,使用配合光阻膜之光源,例如KrF準分子雷射光、或ArF準分子雷射光、或F2
雷射光,進行圖型曝光,配合各個光阻膜之條件的加熱處理後,以顯影液進行顯影操作,可獲得光阻圖型。接著以此光阻圖型作為蝕刻光罩,以相較於有機膜而言,含矽膜之蝕刻速度較有利之高乾蝕刻條件,進行例如以氟系氣體之乾蝕刻之蝕刻。對於上述防反射膜與含矽膜進行蝕刻加工時,光阻膜幾乎不受側蝕刻之圖型變化的影響,可獲得含矽膜圖型。接著,對於具有上述所得之光阻圖型被轉印之含矽膜圖型的基板,以下層有機膜之蝕刻速度較有利之高乾蝕刻條件,進行例如以含氧之氣體電漿之反應性乾蝕刻,或含有氫-氮之氣體電漿之反應性乾蝕刻,對下層有機材料進行蝕刻加工。藉此蝕刻步驟可獲得下層有機膜的圖型,但同時在最上層之光阻層通常會損失。再者,以此所得之下層有機膜作為蝕刻光罩,使用被加工基板之乾蝕刻,例如氟系乾蝕刻或氯系乾蝕刻,可對被加工基板進行精度佳之蝕刻加工。
以下,以合成例、實施例及比較例具體說明本發明,但本發明並非由此等記載所限定。
將甲醇60g、離子交換水200g、35%鹽酸1g加入1,000ml之玻璃燒瓶中,室溫下,添加四乙氧基矽烷50g、甲基三甲氧基矽烷100g及苯基三甲氧基矽烷10g的混合物。此狀態下,室溫下水解縮合8小時後,減壓餾去甲醇及副產物之乙醇。添加乙酸乙酯800ml及丙二醇單丙醚300ml,將水層液分離,除去反應使用的鹽酸。將1%馬來酸水溶液100ml添加於剩下的有機層中,然後攪拌、靜置、分離液體。此操作重覆2次之後,加入離子交換水100ml,然後攪拌、靜置、分液液體。此操作重複3次。剩下的有機層中添加丙二醇單丙醚200ml,減壓濃縮得到含矽化合物1之丙二醇單丙醚溶液300g(聚合物濃度21%)。所得之溶液以離子光譜法分析氯離子,但未檢出氯離子。測定此物之聚苯乙烯換算分子量得到Mw=2,000。
除了以甲基三甲氧基矽烷100g及苯基三甲氧基矽烷20g取代合成例1之四乙氧基矽烷50g、甲基三甲氧基矽烷100g及苯基三甲氧基矽烷10g的混合物外,同樣操作得到含矽化合物2之丙二醇單丙醚溶液300g(聚合物濃度19%)。所得之溶液以離子光譜法分析氯離子,但未檢出氯離子。測定此物之聚苯乙烯換算分子量得到Mw=3,000。
除了以離子交換水260g、65%硝酸5g、四甲氧基矽烷70g、甲基三甲氧基矽烷70g及苯基三甲氧基矽烷10g取代合成例1之甲醇60g、離子交換水200g、35%鹽酸1g、四乙氧基矽烷50g、甲基三甲氧基矽烷100g及苯基三甲氧基矽烷10g外,同樣操作得到含矽化合物3之丙二醇單丙醚溶液300g(聚合物濃度20%)。所得之溶液以離子光譜法分析硝酸離子,但未檢出硝酸離子。測定此物之聚苯乙烯換算分子量得到Mw=2,500。
將離子交換水260g、35%鹽酸1g加入1,000ml之玻璃燒瓶中,室溫下,添加四甲氧基矽烷70g、甲基三甲氧基矽烷25g、下述式「i」之矽烷化合物25g及苯基三甲氧基矽烷10g的混合物。此狀態下,室溫下水解縮合8小時後,減壓餾去副產物之甲醇。添加乙酸乙酯800ml及丙二醇單丙醚300ml,將水層液分離。將離子交換水100ml添加於剩下的有機層中,然後攪拌、靜置、分離液體。此操作重複3次。剩下的有機層中添加丙二醇單丙醚200ml,減壓濃縮得到含矽化合物4之丙二醇單丙醚溶液300g(聚合物濃度20%)。所得之溶液以離子光譜法分析氯離子,但未檢出氯離子。測定此物之聚苯乙烯換算分子量得到Mw=1,800。
將乙醇200g、離子交換水100g、甲烷磺酸3g加入1,000ml之玻璃燒瓶中,室溫下,添加四甲氧基矽烷40g、甲基三甲氧基矽烷10g、下述式「ii」之矽烷化合物50g及苯基三甲氧基矽烷10g的混合物。此狀態下,室溫下水解縮合8小時後,減壓餾去副產物之甲醇。添加乙酸乙酯800ml及丙二醇單乙醚300ml,將水層液分離。將離子交換水100ml添加於剩下的有機層中,然後攪拌、靜置、分離液體。此操作重複3次。剩下的有機層中添加丙二醇單乙醚200ml,減壓濃縮得到含矽化合物5之丙二醇單乙醚溶液300g(聚合物濃度20%)。所得之溶液以離子光譜法分析甲烷磺酸離子,得知使用於反應者中99%被除去。測定此物之聚苯乙烯換算分子量得到Mw=2,100。
將上述含矽化合物1~5、酸、熱交聯促進劑、溶劑、添加劑以表1所示比例混合,使用0.1μ
m之氟樹脂製過濾器過濾,分別調製含矽膜形成用組成物溶液,分別作為Sol.1~9。
首先將含有4,4’-(9H-芴-9-基亞基)雙酚酚醛清漆樹脂可置入多環骨架,也可選擇聚醯亞胺系樹脂(分子量11,000)(日本特開2005-128509號公報)組成物(樹脂28質量份、溶劑100質量份)旋轉塗佈於Si晶圓上,以200℃加熱1分鐘形成膜,形成膜厚300nm之下層有機膜作為下層膜材料。此下層膜材料除上述外,可使用酚醛清漆樹脂所代表之多種樹脂作為多層光阻法之下層膜材料已為公知,這些均可使用。
其次,旋轉塗佈Sol.1~9,以200℃加熱1分鐘形成膜,形成膜厚100nm之含矽膜。
為了形成上層光阻膜,將下述成分溶解於含有FC-430(住友3M(股)製)0.1質量%之PGMEA(丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯)溶液中,使用0.1μm之氟樹脂製的過濾器過濾,調製ArF準分子雷射光曝光用的光阻組成物。
將此組成物塗佈於含矽中間層上,以130℃烘烤60秒,形成膜厚200nm的光阻層。
接著使用Ar曝光裝置(Nikon製,S305B,NA0.68,σ 0.85,2/3輪帶照明,Cr光罩)曝光,以110℃烘烤90秒(PEB),以2.38質量%之氫氧化四甲銨(TMAH)水溶液進行顯影,得到正型之圖型。觀察製得之圖型之90 nmL/S之圖型形狀的結果如表2所示。
各實施例中皆可得到在基板附近無底部拉引、或底切割、內部混合現象的圖型。
其次進行耐乾蝕刻性試驗。旋轉塗佈上述組成物Sol.1~9,以200℃加熱1分鐘形成膜,製作膜厚100nm之含矽膜Film1~9。以下述蝕刻條件(1)對這些膜、下層膜及光阻膜進行蝕刻性試驗。結果如表3所示。
(1)以CHF3
/CF4
系氣體之蝕刻試驗裝置:東京Electron(股)公司製乾蝕刻裝置TE-8500P蝕刻條件(1):反應室壓力:40.0Pa RF功率:1,300W間隙:9mm CHF3
氣體流量:30ml/min CF4
氣體流量:30ml/min Ar氣體流量:100ml/min處理時間:10sec
接著如表4所示,以下述蝕刻條件(2)測定O2
系氣體之乾蝕刻速度。相較於下層膜及上層光阻膜,其速度非常慢,含矽中間層作為蝕刻光罩可將圖型轉印至下層。
蝕刻條件(2):反應室壓力:60.0Pa RF功率:600W Ar氣體流量:40ml/min O2
氣體流量:60ml/min間隙:9mm處理時間:20sec
進行保存安定性試驗。上述製得之含矽膜形成用組成物(Sol.1~9)以30℃保管1個月後,以上述方法再度塗佈,測試成膜性有無變化。結果如圖5所示。
由表5結果得知各實施例之組成物的保存安定性佳。
本發明之組成物、含矽膜其安定性、微影特性優異。使用這種組成物可形成使用最先進之高NA曝光的圖型及以蝕刻進行基板之加工。
Claims (13)
- 一種熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其特徵係含有:(A)經由選自無機酸及磺酸衍生物之1種以上的化合物作為酸觸媒使用,由下述一般式(3)R1 m1 Si(OR)(4-m1) (3)(式中,R係碳數1~3之烷基,R1 係甲基、乙基、苯基及以下述式
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其中該水解性含矽化合物為選自四甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷、甲基三甲氧基矽烷、苯基三甲氧基矽烷及以 下述式
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其中該(C)成分為選自草酸、馬來酸、甲酸、乙酸、丙酸及檸檬酸的有機酸。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其係尚含有水。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其係尚含有選自甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、異丁醇、第三丁醇、1,2-乙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,2-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、甘油、糠醇、四氫糠醇、二丙酮醇、三氟乙醇、乳酸甲酯、乳酸乙酯、乙腈的水溶性有機溶劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1或2項之熱硬化性含矽膜形成用組成物,其係尚含有光酸產生劑。
- 一種含矽膜,其特徵係在被加工基板上形成有機膜,其上形成含矽膜,再於其上使用不含矽之化學增強型光阻材料形成光阻膜,將此光阻膜進行圖型加工後,使用此光阻膜圖型將含矽膜進行圖型加工,加工後之含矽膜圖型作為蝕刻光罩,對下層之有機膜進行圖型加工,再將加工 後之有機膜作為蝕刻光罩,將被加工基板在蝕刻之多層光阻法中使用的含矽膜,且由申請專利範圍第1~6項中任一項之組成物所形成。
- 一種基板,其特徵係依序形成有機膜、此有機膜上形成由申請專利範圍第1~6項中任一項之組成物所形成的含矽膜及其上形成光阻膜者。
- 如申請專利範圍第8項之基板,其中該有機膜為具有芳香族骨架的膜。
- 一種圖型形成方法,其係在基板上形成圖型的方法,其特徵係準備申請專利範圍第8項的基板,將該基板之光阻膜之圖型電路區域進行曝光後,以顯影液顯影,在光阻膜上形成光阻圖型,以形成該光阻圖型的光阻膜為蝕刻光罩,對含矽膜進行乾蝕刻,以形成圖型之含矽膜作為蝕刻光罩,對有機膜進行蝕刻,以形成圖型之有機膜為光罩,對基板進行蝕刻,在基板上形成圖型。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之圖型形成方法,其中該有機膜為具有芳香族骨架的膜。
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之圖型形成方法,其係在光阻圖型形成中,利用使用波長為300nm以下之光的微影法。
- 一種SOG化合物用熱交聯促進劑,其特徵係選自以下述一般式(Q-1)
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TW200806746A (en) | 2008-02-01 |
US20070238300A1 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
US8329376B2 (en) | 2012-12-11 |
EP1845132B8 (en) | 2009-04-01 |
EP1845132A2 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
KR101042415B1 (ko) | 2011-06-16 |
EP1845132A3 (en) | 2007-12-26 |
DE602007000498D1 (de) | 2009-03-12 |
KR20070101148A (ko) | 2007-10-16 |
EP1845132B1 (en) | 2009-01-21 |
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