TWI359935B - Frag shield - Google Patents
Frag shield Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI359935B TWI359935B TW95143280A TW95143280A TWI359935B TW I359935 B TWI359935 B TW I359935B TW 95143280 A TW95143280 A TW 95143280A TW 95143280 A TW95143280 A TW 95143280A TW I359935 B TWI359935 B TW I359935B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- fiber
- weight
- fibers
- consolidated
- fibrous web
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 267
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- -1 poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000927 poly(p-phenylene benzobisoxazole) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims 2
- IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indol-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(N)=CC2=C1 IHWDSEPNZDYMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 240000008620 Fagopyrum esculentum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009419 Fagopyrum esculentum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 206010033557 Palpitations Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- YXIDSOCDWLQVAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,2-diol;formic acid Chemical compound OC=O.OCCO YXIDSOCDWLQVAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004817 pentamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006027 ternary co-polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 142
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 87
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 33
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- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920002633 Kraton (polymer) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- WJXQFVMTIGJBFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxytyramine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CCN)C=C1O WJXQFVMTIGJBFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920010126 Linear Low Density Polyethylene (LLDPE) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001688 coating polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyanic acid Chemical compound OC#N XLJMAIOERFSOGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003366 poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002725 thermoplastic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RQKRZYRIWMDSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnona-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC=CC=C RQKRZYRIWMDSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001634 Copolyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102100035353 Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002943 EPDM rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004908 Emulsion polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002675 Polyoxyl Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920005601 base polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N buta-1,3-diene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FACXGONDLDSNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003020 cross-linked polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N diazene Chemical compound N=N RAABOESOVLLHRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000071 diazene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XSQNOFMFKVYSNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;toluene Chemical compound C=C.CC1=CC=CC=C1 XSQNOFMFKVYSNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940044949 eucalyptus oil Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010642 eucalyptus oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004701 medium-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 229920006030 multiblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002577 polybenzoxazole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013047 polymeric layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006295 polythiol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0471—Layered armour containing fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers
- F41H5/0478—Fibre- or fabric-reinforced layers in combination with plastics layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/28—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
-
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Landscapes
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- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
Description
九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於具有極佳防彈特性以及優良的抗諸如權散 彈之碎片穿透性之織物層壓材料。更特定言之,本發明係 關於由彈性體基質中之高強度聚合纖維所形成之輕量、可 撓、非編織之防碎片且防彈之材料。 【先前技術】 含有具有極佳抗可變形拋射體特性之高強度纖維的防彈 物品係已知的。諸如防彈背心、㈣及軍事裝備之結構構 件的物’通;由包含該等高強度纖維之織物製成。習用 纖:包括聚乙烯纖維、對芳族聚醯胺纖維(諸如聚(苯二胺 對苯二甲ϋ胺))、石墨纖維 '耐綸纖維、玻璃纖維及其類 似物。對於諸如背心或背心部分之多種應用,該等纖維可 用於編織或針織織物巾。對於其他應用巾之?種應用,將 該等纖維包裹或嵌人複合材料中以形成剛性織物或可換性 織物。 適用於形成諸如鋼盘、鑲板及背心之物品的各種防彈構 U係已知的。舉例而§,美國專利、4,457,州、 4,613,535、4,623,574、4,650,71〇、4,737,402、4,748,064、 5’552’2G8、5,587,23G、6,642,159、6,841,492、6,846,758 (所 有該等專利均以引用之方式併入本文中)描述了包括由諸 如長鏈超南分子董聚乙烯之材料所製成之高強度纖維的防 彈複合物。該等複合物對來自諸如子彈、炮彈、榴散彈及 其類似物之拋射體的高速衝擊呈現不同程度的抗穿透性。 116550.doc 1359935 美國專利4,403,012及4,457,985揭示包含高分子量聚乙烯 或聚丙烯纖維之網狀物及由烯烴聚合物及共聚物、不餘和 聚酯、環氧化物及在該纖維之熔點以下可塑之其他聚合物 所組成之基質的防彈複合物品。美國專利4,623,574及 4,748,064揭示包含嵌入彈性體基質中之高強度纖維的簡單 複合結構。美國專利4,737,402及4,613,535揭示具有良好抗 衝擊性之複雜剛性複合物品,其包含嵌入彈性體基質材料 中之如美國專利4,413,110 (亦以引用之方式併入本文中)中 所揭示之諸如超高分子量聚乙烯及聚丙烯之高強度纖維的 網狀物以及至少一個位於該基質中之纖維之主要表面上的 額外剛性層。美國專利4,65〇,71()揭示—種包含複數個換性 層的可撓製品,該等撓性層包含高強度的長鏈聚烯烴 (ECP)纖维。網狀物之纖維塗有低模數彈性體材料。 美國專利5,552,208及5,587,230揭示一種包含至少一高強 度纖維網狀物與包括乙烯基酯及苯二曱酸二烯丙酯之基質 組合物的物品,以及該物品的製造方法。美國專利 6,642’159揭示一種具有複數個纖維層以及其間之彈性體層 的抗衝擊剛性複合物,該等纖維層包含安置在基質内的長 絲網狀物。該複合物係黏結於硬板以增強抗穿甲拋射體的 防護。美國專利6,841,492揭示雙向及多軸織物、織物複合 物 '其防彈總成以及其製造方法。該等織物包含多組以平 行平面、一疊一鋪放的大體平行單向強絲。美國專利 6,846,758揭示具有優良之抗彈道拋射體穿透性的織物層壓 材料。本發明之層壓材料包含由高強度、高模數絲所:成 116550.doc 丄切935 之織物、低模數彈性體之表面塗層以及與其彈性體塗佈表 面黏結的塑料膜。 與現有防彈織物及物品關聯的一個問題為其有限的 如榴散彈之碎片穿透性。本發明提供該問題的解決方案。 已意外發現,與先前技術之織物相比,由經約7重量%至 約1 5重董%之彈性體基質組合物結合之高強度纖維固結型 、與狀物所形《,且纟織物之各表面上組合有聚合物膜之保 護層的非編織織物實現抗碎片性之顯著改良,同時亦維持 極佳抗可變形拋射體特性。 【發明内容】 本發明提供一種抗碎片材料,其包含: a) 至少一固結型纖維網狀物,該固結型纖維網狀物包含 複數層交叉疊合之非編織纖維層,各纖維層包含複數根以 大體平行陣列所排列的纖維,該等纖維具有約7公克/丹尼 爾(denierht 7公克/丹尼爾以上之韌度及約丨5〇公克/丹尼爾 或150公克/丹尼爾以上之抗拉模數;該等纖維於其上具有 彈性體基質組合物,該彈性體基質組合物包含該固結型纖 維網狀物之約7重量%至約15重量%;該複數層交叉疊合之 非編織纖維層係經該基質組合物結合以形成該固結型纖維 網狀物·,該固結型纖維網狀物具有前表面及後表面;其中 若該等纖維包含芳族聚醯胺纖維或聚(對伸苯基苯并雙噁 唑)纖維,則該基質組合物包含至少約丨丨重量%之該固結型 纖維網狀物;以及 b) 至少層附著於該固結型纖維網狀物之該前表面及後 116550.doc 1359935 表面之每一者的聚合物膜層。 本發明亦提供一種併有抗碎月 rft μ ^ 呼月材枓的抗碎片物品,該抗 碎片材料包含: a)至少一固結型纖維網狀物, °玄固結型纖維網狀物包含 複數層交叉疊合之非編織纖維層, 層各纖維層包含複數根以 大體上平行陣列所排列的继維. 』的纖維,該等纖維具有約7公克/丹 尼爾或7公克/丹尼爾以上之動度及約15〇公克/丹尼爾或"Ο 么克/丹尼爾以上之抗拉模數;該等纖維於其上具有彈性 體基質組合物,該彈性辦其哲&人 彈『體基質組合物包含該固結型纖維網
狀物之約7重量%至約15重詈% A 室里/〇,该複數層交叉疊合之非編 織纖維層係經該基質組合物壯人 物、,σ β以形成該固結型纖維網狀 物;該固結型纖維網狀物具有前表面及後表面;其中若該 等纖維包含芳族聚醯胺纖維或聚(對伸苯基苯并雙嚼句纖 維,則該基質組合物包含至少㈣重量%之該固結型纖維 網狀物;以及 b)至少一層附著於該固結型纖維網狀物之該前表面及後 表面之每一者的聚合物膜層。 本發明進一步提供一種製造抗碎片材料的方法,其 含: ' a)形成至少兩層纖維層,各纖維層係藉由使複數根纖維 排列成大體上平行的單向陣列而形成;該等纖維具有約7 公克/丹尼爾或7公克/丹尼爾以上之韌度及約Η〇公克/丹尼 爾或150公克/丹尼爾以上之抗拉模數;該等 有彈性體基質組合物; …'上塗 116550.doc 1359935 b)排列該等纖維層,其中各層纖維之單向陣列以相對於 各相鄰層之縱向纖維方向成非平行角來交又疊合; C)在足以形成固結型纖維網狀物之條件下黏結該等交又 疊合層,該固結型纖維網狀物具有前表面及後表面;其中 該基質組合物包含約7重量%至約15重量%之該固結型纖維 網狀物’且其中右該等纖維包含芳方矣聚醯胺纖維或聚(對 伸苯基苯并雙噁唑)纖維,則該基質組合物包含至少約U 重量〇/〇的該固結型纖維網狀物;以及 d)將至少一層聚合物膜層附著於該固結型纖維網狀物之 該刖表面及後表面之每一者上。 本發明更進一步提供一種抗碎片材料,其包含: a) 至少一固結型纖維網狀物,該固結型纖維網狀物包含 複數層交叉疊合纖維層,各纖維層包含複數根排列成陣列 的纖維;該等纖維具有約7公克/丹尼爾或7公克/丹尼爾以 上之韌度及約150公克/丹尼爾或15〇公克/丹尼爾以上之抗 拉模數;該等纖維於其上具有彈性體基質組合物,該彈性 體基質組合物包含該固結型纖維網狀物之約7重量%至約 1 5重里% ;該複數層交叉疊合之纖維層係經該基質組合物 結合以形成該固結型纖維網狀物;該固結型纖維網狀物具 有前表面及後表面;以及 b) 至少一層附著於該固結型纖維網狀物之該前表面及後 表面之每一者的聚合物膜層。 【實施方式】 本發明呈示具有優良抗碎片穿透性以及優良防彈穿透性 116550.doc •10· 的非編織織物複合物。Λ 马本發明之目的起見,具有優良防 彈穿透性之本發明之y ^碎片材料描述了屐現極佳抗可變形 拋射體特性的彼等物。 本發明之纖維較佳塗有低模數彈性體材料,其中該基質 。3約7至約1 5重1%的織物。該織物進一步包含至少一 層附:於固結型網狀物之各外表面的外聚合物層。如本文 中通篇所使用’術語抗拉模數意謂如由ASTM 2256測試程 序對纖維以及由ASTM D63_難序對彈性體基質材料所 量測的彈性模數。 為本發明之目的起見’纖維為伸長體’其長度尺寸遠大 於仏向寬度及厚度尺寸。用於本發明之纖維的橫截面可廣 泛變化。其橫截面可為圓形的、扁平的或長方形的。因 此,術語纖維包括具有規則或不規則橫截面的長絲、絲 帶、條帶及其類似物。其亦可具有不規則或規則的多葉片 橫截面,該橫截面具有—或多個自纖維之直線轴或縱軸伸 出的規則或不規則葉辦。較佳地,纖維為單葉狀且具有大 體上圓形之橫截面。 本發明之抗碎片材料包含至少一高強度、高抗拉模數纖 維之固結型網狀物,其上具有彈性體基質,其中一個固結 型網狀物為一包含多於一根纖維之層的"單層"織物結構。 如本文中所使用,纖維"網狀物”表示複數根排列或互連的 纖維層或絲層。"固結型網狀物"描述纖維層與基質組合物 的固結型組合。如本文中所使用,,,單層"結構係指由一或 多層已結合成單整體式結構之個別纖維層所組成的結構。 J16550.doc 1359935 通书,織物"可係關於 之鲂杜杳 ㈣為織村科或非編織材料。在本發明 之較佳實施例t,抗 个知 纖維或長絲之有…片織物為非編織材料。,,陣列"描述 纖維或長今的平面排订排列。纖维"層·’描述編織或非編織 例而料面排列。纖維網狀物可具有各種組態。舉 針織:,,=可形成為鼓或其他編織織品、非編織織品或 尤1 5错由其他任何f知技術形成為網狀物。根據- 較佳之固結型網狀物組態,將複數層纖維層組合,立 =纖維層包含以陣列單向對齊之纖維,以使得其沿共同 縱向纖維方向彼此間大體上平行。 如本文中所使用,"高強度、高抗拉模數纖維"為各如由 D2256測試程序所量測之具有至少約7公克/丹尼爾 3 7公克/丹尼爾以上之較佳勒度、至少約15〇公克/丹尼爾 或150公克/丹尼爾以上之較佳抗拉模數以及至少約8焦耳/ 公克或8焦耳/公克以上之較佳斷裂能的纖維。如本文中所 使用,術語”丹尼爾,,係指線性密度單位’等於每9〇〇〇公尺 纖維或長絲的公克質量。如本文中所使用,術語”韌度"係 指抗拉應力,該抗拉應力可表示為未應變樣品之每單位線 密度(丹尼爾)的力(公克)。纖維之"初始模數"為代表其抗 變形性的材料特性。術語"抗拉模數"係指以每丹尼爾 力(g/d)所表示之韌度變化與表示為原始纖維長度之=數 (in/in)的應力變化的比率。 尤其適合之高強度、高抗拉模數纖維材料包括長鏈聚烯 烴纖維,諸如高度定向之高分子量聚乙烯纖維,尤其超高 分子量聚乙烯纖維及超高分子量聚丙烯纖維。亦適合者為 116550.doc 12- 長鏈聚乙烯醇纖维、 維、h ,, 長料丙稀婧纖维 '對芳基聚酿胺鐵 “本开対纖維,諸如聚苯㈣婦B0)及聚苯并嗟 擎T)纖維,以及液晶共聚醋纖維。 W开塞 杜在聚乙稀之情形了,較佳纖維為具有至少则,_、較 長心”降更“於兩百萬與五百萬之間之分子量的 烯。該等長鏈聚乙_啦)纖維可以諸如於美國 利,137,394或4,356,U8 (其以引用之方式併入本文中)中
:述,溶液紡絲方法生長’或可由溶液纺絲形成凝膠結 ’邊如於美國專利4,551,296及5,〇〇6 39〇(其亦以引用之 方式併入本文中)中所述。
;本發明中之最佳聚乙烯纖維為Honeywell Internati〇nal⑹以商標如伽⑧所售賣的聚乙稀纖維。 ^Ctra®纖維此項技術中為熟知的。絕無僅有。Spectra⑧ =效月匕纖維比鋼強十倍,同時亦輕的足以浮在水面上。該 等纖維亦具有其他關鍵特性’包括抗衝擊性、防潮性、耐 磨!生耐化學性及防穿刺性。該等纖維較佳使用稱為凝膠 纺絲之方法製成。在此方法中’將長鏈聚乙烯分子溶於溶 劑中’將其加熱且經由稱為紡絲頭的微小噴嘴擠壓。使所 產生之冷液嘴射流冷卻且硬化成聚合纖維,接著將其拉 伸 '乾燥且捲繞在線轴上用於進一步加工。該等方法在此 項技術中為熟知的。此方法使長鏈聚乙烯分子對齊以使得 各分子之氫原子與其相鄰之彼等原子鍵結。在纖維内部之 該命奴分子鍵結度賦予Spectra®纖維極大的拉伸強度。 Spectra®纖維本身已知名許久,且例如描述於HarpeU等人 116550.doc -13· 1359935 之共同擁有之美國專利4,623,547及4,748,〇64中。 適當的聚丙婦纖維包括如美國專利4,413,11〇令所述的高 度定向長鏈聚丙烯(ECPP)纖維,該專利以引用之方式併: 本文中。適當的聚乙烯醇(PV_〇H)纖維描述於例如美國專 利4,440,川及4,599,267中,該等專利以μ之方式併入本 文中。適當的聚丙烯腈(ΡΑΝ)纖維揭示於例如美國專利 4,535,027中,該專利以引用之方式併人本文中。該等纖維 類型中之每一者為習知的且可廣泛市購。 適當的芳族聚醯胺纖維可市購且描述於例如美國專利 3,671’542中°舉例而t ’適用的聚(對伸苯基對苯二甲酿 胺)長,,’糸在商業上由Dupont公司以KEVLAR®商品名製造。 商業上由DUpont以商品名Ν〇ΜΕχ⑧所製造的聚(間伸苯基 間苯二甲醯胺)亦適用於本發明之實施。適用於本發明之 實施的聚苯并η比咯纖維可市購且揭示於例如美國專利 5,286,833 ' 5,296,185 ^ 5,356,584 ' 5,534,205 ^ 6,040,050 中,該等專利中之每一者以引用之方式併入本文中。較佳 聚苯并吡咯纖維為T〇y〇b〇 Co之ZYLON®牌纖維。適用於 本發明之實施的液晶共聚酯纖維可市購且揭示於例如美國 專利3,975,487、4,118,372及4,161,470中,f亥等專利中之 每一者均以引用之方式併入本文中。 用於本發明之其他適當纖維類型包括玻璃纖維、由碳形 成之纖維、由玄武岩或其他礦物形成之纖維、河〗㊣纖維及 所有上述材料之組合,所有該等物均可市購。M5⑧纖維由 mond, Virginia之 Magellan Systems International 製造, 116550.doc 1359935 且描述於例如美國專利5,674,969、5,939,553、5,945,537及 6,040,478中,該等專利中之每一者均以引用之方式併入本 文中。尤其較佳之纖維包括M5®纖維、聚乙烯^^以^⑧纖 維、聚(對伸苯基對苯二甲醯胺)及聚(對伸苯基_2,6_苯并雙 噁唑)纖維。最佳地,該等纖維包含高強度、高模數聚乙 . 稀 Spectra.!^ 維。 用於本發明之目的之最佳纖維為高強度、高抗拉模數長 鏈聚乙烯纖維》如上所述,高強度、高抗拉模數纖維為如 ® 由ASTM D2256所量測之具有約7公克/丹尼爾或7公克/丹尼 爾以上之較佳韌度、約150公克/丹尼爾或丨5〇公克/丹尼爾 以上之較佳抗拉模數以及約8焦耳/公克或8焦耳/公克以上 之較佳斷裂能的纖維。在本發明之較佳實施例中,纖維勤 度應為約15公克/丹尼爾或15公克/丹尼爾以上、較佳約2〇 公克/丹尼爾或20公克/丹尼爾以上、更佳約25公克/丹尼爾 或25公克/丹尼爾以上且最佳約30公克/丹尼爾或3〇公克/丹 φ 尼爾以上。本發明之纖維亦具有約300公克/丹尼爾或3〇〇 公克/丹尼爾以上' 更佳約400公克/丹尼爾或4〇〇公克/丹尼 爾以上、更佳約500公克/丹尼爾或5〇〇公克/丹尼爾以上、 更佳約1,000公克/丹尼爾或U00公克/丹尼爾以上且最佳約 1,5〇〇公克/丹尼爾或1,5〇〇公克/丹尼爾以上的較佳抗拉模 數。本發明之纖維亦具有約15 J/g或15 J7g以上、更佳約25 J/g或25 J/g以上、更佳約3〇 j/g或30 J/g以上的較佳斷裂 月色’且最佳具有約40 J/g或40 J/g以上的斷裂能。該等所組 合之高強度特性可藉由使用溶液生長方法或凝膠纖維方法 116550.doc 15 1359935 獲得。美國專利 4,413,110 、 4,440,711 、 4,535,027 、 4,457,985 ' 4,623,547、4,650,710 及 4,748,064 —般性論述 了用於本發明中之較佳高強度、長鏈聚乙烯纖維,且該等 專利之揭示内容以引用之方式併入本文中。 形成本發明之織物的較佳技術係為以彈性體組合物塗佈 -該等纖維之至少一個表面,較佳大體上塗佈或包封個別纖 維之每一者,接著加壓至一起且融合複數根該等經塗佈之 • 纖維。此彈性體組合物在本文中由此稱為基質組合物。如 本文中所使用之術語"基質"在此項技術中係熟知的且用於 表示結合後使纖維黏結在一起的聚合材料。術語"複合物" 係指纖維與基質材料之固結型組合。在本發明之較佳實施 例中’首先將本發明之纖維以彈性體基質組合物塗佈,接 著將複數根纖維排列成非編織纖維層。或者,該等纖維可 排列在一起且隨後以彈性體基質組合物塗佈。 彈性體基質組合物可包含多種聚合材料及非聚合材料。 • 較佳彈性體基質組合物包含低模數彈性體材料。為本發明 之目的起見,低模數彈性體材料具有在約6,〇〇〇 psi (4ι $ MPa)或小於6,000 pSi下,根據ASTM 〇638測試程序所量測 的抗拉模數。較佳地,該彈性體之抗拉模數為約4,〇〇〇 pU (27.6 MPa)或小於 4,000 psi,更佳約 24〇〇 psi (16 5 M叫或 小於 2400 psi ’ 更佳 1200 psi (8 23 Mpa)或小於 12〇〇 ㈣, 且最佳約500 psi (3.45 MPa)或小於500 psie彈性體之破螭 轉移溫度(Tg)較佳小於約〇它,更佳小於約_4〇它且最佳小 於約-50。〇。彈性體亦具有至少約5〇%、更佳至少約 116550.doc U59935 的較佳斷裂伸長率,且最佳具有至少約300%的斷裂伸長 率。 ~
本發明中可使用多種彈性體材料及調配物。適當彈性體 之代表性貫例具有如在Encyclopedia of Polymer Science, 第 5卷,Elastomers-Synthetic章節(John Wiley & Sons Inc 1964)中所概述之其結構、特性、調配物以及交聯程序。 基本要求為本發明之基質材料具有適當的低模數且在低於 。玄纖維之熔點下為可塑的。適當的低模數彈性體材料包括 聚丁二烯、聚異戊二烯、天然橡膠、聚乙烯、交聯聚乙 稀、氯績化聚乙嫦、聚丙稀、乙歸共聚物、丙烯共聚物、 乙烯-丙烯共聚物、乙烯-丙烯_二烯烴三元共聚物、聚硫醚 聚合物、聚胺基甲酸酯彈性體、環氧化物、聚氯丁二烯、 增塑型聚氣乙稀、丁二稀丙婦腈彈性體、聚(異丁稀_共·異 戊二烯)、聚丙烯酸酯、酚系樹脂、聚縮丁醛樹脂、聚
^ m彈性體' μ氧㈣體、熱塑性彈性體及苯 乙烯系嵌段共聚物,諸如苯乙稀_異戍專苯乙烯或苯乙 烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯類型,以及其類似物 共輛二稀與乙稀基芳族單體之嵌段共聚物尤為適用。丁 婦及異戍二烯為較佳共輕二烯彈性體。苯乙烯、乙稀基 甲苯及第 丁基苯乙烯為較佳共軛芳族單體。可將併有聚 異戍二稀之嵌段共聚物氫化以製備 的熱塑性彈性體。該等聚合物可為 嵌段共聚物、類型(ΑΒ:)η(η=2·10)的 具有飽和煙彈性體區段 類型Α-Β-Α之簡單的三 多嵌段共聚物或類型R· (BA)x(x=3-i50)之輻射構型共聚物 其中Α為來自聚乙烯芳 116550.doc 1359935 族單體之嵌段體且B為來自共辆二烯彈性體之嵌段體。該 等聚合物中之多者在商業上由H〇uston,τχ之Kraton Polymers 製造且描述於學報"Kraton® Thermoplastic
Rubber",SC-68-81中。最佳基質聚合物包含在商業上由 Kraton Polymers所製造之以商標Krat〇n⑧售賣的苯乙烯系 嵌段共聚物。 最佳地,低模數彈性體材料大體上由至少一種上述彈性 體組成。低模數彈性體材料亦可包括諸如碳黑、二氧化矽 等之填料,且可以油擴展且可使用橡膠技術人員所熟知之 方法由硫、過氧化物、金屬氧化物或輻射固化系統加以硬 化。可-起使用^彈性體材料之換合物,或可將一或多 種彈性體材料與一或多種熱塑性塑料摻合。可使高密度聚 乙稀、低密度聚乙稀及線性低密度聚乙烯交聯以獲得單獨 或作為摻合物之適當特性之塗層基質材料。在每種情況 下’塗層之模數*應超過如由ASTM⑽㈣試程序所量測 的 6,〇〇〇 pSi (41.4 MPa)。 :塗層可以諸如藉由將彈性體溶液噴霧或報式塗佈在纖 =面上之多種方式塗佈於纖維,接著乾燥。一種方法係 或作二為液體、黏稍固體或於懸浮液中之顆粒 下丄t “床塗佈於纖維。或者,塗層可作為在應用溫度 1特性不產生不利影響之適當溶劑中的溶液或 ^ 可使用任何能夠溶解或分散該塗層聚合物的液 :明:較佳溶劑群包括水、石蟻油及芳族溶劑或煙二 說月性特线劑包括石蠛油、二甲苯、甲$、辛燒 】】655〇.d〇c •18. 1359935 5、甲基…(MEK)及丙嗣。用於將塗料聚合物溶解或 么散於該專溶劑中的方法炎羽立n田 MS知用於將類似彈性體材料塗 佈於各種基材上的彼等方法。 可使用用於向纖維塗覆塗層的其他方法,包括塗佈高模 -S前驅物(凝膠纖維),再在將溶劑自纖維移除之前或之後 -(若使用凝朦紡絲纖維成形技術),使該等纖維經受高溫拉 伸操作。接著將該纖維在高溫下拉伸以製造塗佈纖維。在 _可獲得所要塗層的條件下’使凝膠纖維穿過適當塗層聚合 物之溶液。高分子量聚合物在凝膠纖維中之結晶作用可發 生於或不發生於纖維穿入溶液之前。或者,可將纖維擠入 適當聚合物粉末之流化床。此外,若執行拉伸操作或盆他 處理方法’例如溶劑交換、乾燥或其類似方法,則可將塗 層塗覆於最终纖維之前驅材料上。 在其他塗佈技術巾,首先形錢維層,接著將該層浸入 含有低模數彈性體塗層材料之溶液浴中。蒸發溶劑,製成 籲塗有彈性體材料之纖維網狀物。需要時可將浸潰程序重複 數次,以使所要量之彈性體材料塗層安置在纖維上。 乾基質組合物佔整個織物的比例相對較低, 物之總重量計為約7重量%至約15重量%。更佳地,乾基^ 組合物包含約U重量%至約15重量%的織物。更佳地,乾 基f組合物包含約7重量%至約14重量%的織物,更佳約\ 重量^至約13重量%、更佳約7重量%至約12重量%且更佳 =7重量%至約n重量%的織物。已意外發現,減少該織物 (5亥織物上組合有外聚合物膜層)中總體基質含量產生除具 116550.doc -19· 1359935 有優良防彈性之外還具有優良抗碎片性的織物。若該等纖 維包含芳族聚醯胺纖維或聚(對伸苯基苯并雙噁唑)纖維, 則基質組合物較佳包含至少約n重量。/。的該固結型纖維網 狀物。 在本發明之—較佳實施例中,首先使用上述技術之一塗 佈本發明之纖維,接著使複數根纖維排列成非編織纖維 層。較佳地,個別纖維彼此相鄰且接觸定位,且排列成薄 片樣纖維陣列,其中該等纖維沿共同縱向纖維方向彼此間 大體上平行對齊。在將該等纖維排列成該組態之尤其有效 之技㈣,使該等纖維穿過含有彈性體材料溶液之浴槽, 且接者圍繞及沿著諸如圓筒之適當形式之長度方向成螺旋 形捲繞成單薄片樣層。接著將溶劑蒸發,剩下平行排列之 纖維的預浸漬片’其可自圓筒形式移除且可切割為所要尺 寸。或者,可使複數根纖維同時穿過彈性體溶液之洛槽且 彼此緊鄰定位、大體上平行 仃地舖置在適當表面上。蒸發溶 劑,留下包含大體上平行且乂 /〇者共同纖維方向對齊之彈枓 體塗佈纖維的預浸潰薄片。 门t背之彈11 較佳地,遵行以上方法形 兩層早向纖維層,由此 "亥專纖維在全部纖維表面上 組入榀上大體上塗有低模數彈性體基質 她。後,較佳地,使該等纖維 纖維網狀物。其可藉由一層;成早層固結型 層 '接荽/為旦η π θ且—層地堆疊該等個別纖維 固化而*占、$ 1力7將其點結在一起以使整體結構埶 固化而達成,從而使基質材 … 隙空間。如此項技術中所習知,= 何剩餘的空 為知,極佳防彈性係在個別纖維 116550.doc -20. 1359935 層經交又疊合以使得一層之纖 維對齊方向旌鏟士 ’ μ方向可與另-層之纖 巧万向方疋轉成—定角度以便其為非 而言,較佳β|+ 仃時達成。舉例 以使得ί有經㈣定位之本發明之兩層纖維層, 向:另—層:縱向纖維方向垂直於另-層之縱向纖維方 二:另-貫例中,形成五層結構,其中第二— H弟四層及第五層相對於第一層旋轉 ; — 〇 锊 45 、 -45 、 90。及 上可:ΓΓ此順序。為本發明之目的起見,相鄰層實際
之^目對於另—層之縱向纖維方向成介於約〇。與約90。 二間之任何角對齊,但約0。及約9〇。纖維定向為較佳。儘 吕以上貫例說明包括兩層或五層個別纖維層之織物,但希 望不受其限制。應瞭解’本發明之單層固結型網狀物—般 可包括如各種應用所需要之任何數目的交又疊合層,諸如 約20層至約4〇層或4〇層以上。 適用於結合纖維層且附著聚合物膜層的黏結條件包括習 知的疊層技術。典型疊層方法包括在約U(rc、在約2〇〇 psi (1379 kPa)壓力下將聚合物膜在交又疊合材料上加壓約 30分鐘。結合本發明之個別纖維層較佳在約2〇〇卞(〜93。〇 至約350T(〜177。〇之溫度下、更佳在約2〇〇卞至約 300°F(〜149°C)之溫度下且最佳在約2〇〇ν至約 250 F(〜121 C)之溫度下,且在約25 psi (〜172 kpa)至約5〇〇 psi (3447 kPa)或更咼之壓力下進行。如此項技術中所習 知,此結合可在高壓釜内進行。 當加熱時,可能使基質黏滯或流動而無需完全熔融。然 而,通常,若使基質材料熔融,則需要相對小的壓力以形 I16550.doc 1359935 成複合物,而若僅將基質材料加熱至發黏點,則通常需要 更高的壓力。結合步驟通常可費時約1〇秒至約24小時。然 而,疊層溫度、壓力及時間通常視基質聚合物類型、基質 聚合物含量及纖維類型而定。 繼結合纖維層之後,較佳地,經由習知方法將聚合物層 附著於該單層固結型網狀物之前表面及後表面之每一者 上。適用於S亥聚舍物層的聚合物非排外性包括熱塑性聚合 物及熱固性聚合物。適當的熱塑性聚合物可非排外性選自 由聚烯烴、聚醯胺、聚酯、聚胺基甲酸酯、乙烯系聚合 物、氟聚合物及共聚物及其混合物組成之群。其中,聚烯 烴層較佳。較佳聚烯烴為聚乙烯。聚乙烯膜之非限制性實 例為低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、線性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)、 線性中密度聚乙烯(LMDPE)、線性極低密度聚乙烯 (VEDPE) '線性超低密度聚乙烯(ULDPE)、高密度聚乙稀 (HDPE)。其中,最佳聚乙稀為LLDPE。適當的熱固性聚合 物非排外性包括熱固性烯丙基樹脂、胺基樹脂、氰酸酿樹 脂、環氧樹脂、盼系樹脂、不飽和聚酯、雙順丁婦二醯亞 胺、剛性聚胺基甲酸酯、聚矽氧、乙烯基酯及其共聚物及 摻合物,諸如美國專利6,846,758、6,841,492及6,642,159 中所述的彼等物。如本文中所述,聚合物膜包括聚合物·塗 層。 較佳地,聚合物膜層係使用熟知疊層技術附著於該單層 固結型網狀物。通常,疊層係藉由在足夠熱量及壓力條件 下將該等個別層在彼此上定位而進行以使得該等層組合為 116550.doc •22· -整體臈。將該等個別層定位於彼此上,且接著通常藉由 此項技術中熟知之技術使該組合穿過一對熱疊壓輥之夾持 點。疊層加熱可在約95t至約i75〇c、較佳約i〇5<t至約 175 C |巳圍内之溫度下、在約5 psig (〇 〇34 Mpa)至約 Psig (0.69 MPa)範圍内之壓力下進行約5秒至約%小時較 佳約30秒至約24小時。在本發明之較佳實施例中,該等聚 。物膜層較佳包含約2重量%至約25重量%的全部織物、更 佳”力2重量❶/❶至約丨7重量%且最佳2重量。、至〗2重量%的全部 織物。聚合物膜層之重量百分數通常視形成多層膜之織物 曰的數目而改變。儘管結合步驟及外聚合物層疊層步驟在 本文中描述為兩個單獨步驟,但其可另外經由此項技術中 之習知技術將其組合為一單個結合/疊層步驟。 聚合物膜層較佳為極薄的,其具有約【μιη至約25〇 μιη' 更佳約5 μηι至約25 且最佳約5 μιη至約9 μηι之較佳層厚 度。個別織物層之厚度相當於個別纖維之厚度。因此,本 發明之較佳單層固結型網狀物具有約25 至約5〇〇 、 更佳約75 _至約385 μπι且最佳約⑵μηι至約255哗之較 佳厚度°儘管料厚度較佳,但應瞭解,可製成其他膜厚 度以滿足特定需要且仍屬於本發明之範疇内。 本發明之織物亦展現良好的抗剝強度。抗剝強度為纖維 層之間黏結強度之指示。通常’纟質聚合物含量愈低,則 黏結強度愈低’但抗碎片性愈高、然而,纟低於臨界黏結 :度下’防彈材料在材料切割及諸如背心之物品組裝期間 會失去耐久性’且亦導致該等物品之長期耐久性減弱。在 H6550.doc •23·. 1359935 較佳實施例中,SPECTRA®防護物(0。,90。)組態中之 SPECTRA®纖維材料的抗剝強度對於良好的抗碎片性較佳 為至少約0·17 lb/ft2,更佳至少約0.188 lb/ft2,且更佳至少 約0·206 lb/ft2。已發現’具有至少約11%至約15%基質含 S之本發明之織物’尤其芳族聚醯胺及聚(對伸苯基苯并 雙°惡°坐)纖維’可達成最佳抗剝強度。
織物形成後’其可用於各種應用中。舉例而言,藉由使 其經爻熱量及壓力可使其成形為物品。成形溫度的範圍可 為約20 C至約175°C,較佳約1〇〇。〇至約15〇。〇,更佳約 110 C至約13(TC。亦適當的為例如美國專利4,623,574、 4,650,710、4,748,064、5,552,208、5,587,230、6,642,159 ' 6,841,492及6,846,758中所述之適於形成物品的技術。
在本發明之一較佳實施例中,將複數個單層固結型纖維 網狀物排列在一起以形成撓性物品,包括服裝,諸如背 心、褲、帽或衣服之其他物品,如此項技術中所熟知。本 發明之織物亦可形成為諸如頭盘之其他個人防護物品,或 可形成為所需之防護性防護物、覆蓋物或覆蓋層、纖維網 狀物可個別地保持紡織纖維之高撓性特徵,且較佳地保持 彼此分開,亦即不黏結在-起。或者,可將多層織物縫合 在-起或以黏著性材料或其他熱塑性纖維或非熱塑性纖維 或材料黏結在-起。因,匕,本發明之物品可包含複數個組 裝成黏結陣列或非黏結陣列的非編織抗碎片織物。 本發明之服裝可㈣此項技術巾習知之方法形成。較佳 地’服裝可藉由將本發明之抗碎片織物與衣服之物品聯接 116550.doc -24- 而形成。舉例而言,抗碎片背心可包含聯接有本發明之抗 碎片織物的通用織物背心,由此將本發明織物插入關鍵部 位中。其可使抗碎片及防彈作用最大化,同時使背心 重量最小化。如本文中所使用’術語”聯接”意欲包括諸如 藉由縫合或黏著及其類似方法與其他織物附著,以及與其 他織物非附著性偶聯或鄰接,以使得抗碎片織物視需要可 易於自者心或衣服之其他物品移除。 口匕3根據本發明所構造之多層織物之背心及其他衣服物 有良好撓性及舒適性,同時具有極佳防彈性及抗碎片 =。小的尖銳拋射體可藉由橫向移置纖維穿透|甲而不使 /、斷裂。在此情形下,抗穿透性視纖維被推開之難易程度 而疋,且因此視纖維網狀物之性質而定。非編織織物之防 彈或抗碎片性中的重要因素為交又疊合單向複合物中之交 又週期率及纖維丹尼爾、纖維與纖維摩擦力、&質特徵、 内層黏結強度及其他。 鋒利碎片可藉由剪切纖維而穿過。拋射體亦可使處於拉 伸狀態之纖維斷裂。拋射體對織物之衝擊產生經由織物傳 播之應力波。若應力波快速傳播且無阻礙地穿過織物且包 含較大量之纖維,則防彈性較高。該實施例之各層之間的 較低介面黏結力允許較高之能量吸收。實驗及分析工作表 明在所有實際狀況中存在所有穿透方式且其相對重要性很 大程度上受到複合物之設計影響。 防彈特性及抗碎片特性係使用此項技術中熟知的標準測 。式程序測定。舉例而言,防彈複合物之篩選研究通常使用 116550.doc 25· 1359935 22 口徑、特定重量、硬度及尺寸之非變形鋼碎片
Spec.MIL-P-46593A(ORD)) 〇 結構之防護力或抗穿透性一般藉由引用拋射體之5〇%穿 透複合物而50%被防護物阻止時之衝擊速度加以表示,亦 稱為乂5〇值。如本文中所使用,物品之"抗穿透性"為抗特指 - 威脅物(諸如包括子彈、碎片、榴散彈及其類似物之實體 對象,以及非實體對象,諸如爆炸衝擊波)穿透之抗性。 φ 對於等面積密度(其為複合鑲板之重量除以表面面積)之複 σ物,V5〇值愈咼,則複合物之抗性愈佳。對特指威脅物 之抗穿透性亦可由防彈材料之總比能量吸收率("seat")表 不。總SEAT為威脅物之動能除以複合物之面積密度。 SEAT值愈尚,則複合物對威脅物之抗性愈佳。 本發明之織物的防彈特性及抗碎片特性視多種因素、尤 其用於製造織物之纖維類型而改變。然而,已意外發現, 與具有更大量之基質聚合物的類似織物相比,本發明之織 φ 物提高目標之V50值且且提高目標之比能量吸收率,如於 以下實例及資料表中所見。 下列非限制性實例用於說明本發明。 實例 實例1 (比較) 藉由將18層織物層堆疊在一起而製備一防彈包,各織物 層包含一固結型網狀物,該固結型網狀物具有兩片(層)以 Kraton®熱塑性聚合物浸潰之單向高模數聚乙烯_p曰£)纖 維,各層彼此間成直角交又疊合(〇度/9〇度)且疊壓於兩片 116550.doc -26- 1359935 線性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)膜之間》 HMPE纖維為由 Honeywell International. Inc.所製造的 SPECTRA® 1000.1100丹尼爾,且具有36公克/丹尼爾之韋刃 度及公克/丹尼爾之抗拉模數。所用Kraton®聚合物為 聚苯乙烯-聚異戊二烯-聚苯乙烯_嵌段共聚物。在附加聚乙 - 稀膜之如’各織物層包含以織物總重量計7 9重量%的纖維 及21重量%的Kraton®聚合物。 I LLDPE膜各具有9 μϊΙ1之厚度。各LLDP]^之面積密度為 8 gsm (公克/平方公尺)。將lldPE膜在ll〇t '約2〇〇 psi(1379 kPa)壓力下層疊於交叉疊合材料至少3〇分鐘。一 織物層之總面積密度為丨16 gsm,形成材料之連續層疊片 且捲繞成捲筒。該層疊片具有〇.〇〇6" (〇 1524 mm)之厚 度。接著將薄片切割以形成丨8個單獨的層,每層具有 18"xl8" (45.7 mmx45.7 mm)之長度及寬度。接著將該等18 層鬆散地堆疊在一起以形成防彈包。該等層並非彼此間黏 φ 結。防彈包之面積密度為〇.43 lb/ft2 (2.〇9 kg/m2)。 為測試抗碎片性,將該防彈包安裝在測試架上且在測試 架之頂端牢牢夾住。將測試架以與碎片自牢牢固定之通用 接收器所投射之直線成90度方向安褒。17喔碎片模擬抛射 體(FSP)用於測試且符合根據MIL_p_46593A之形狀、尺寸 及重量。根據MIL-STD-662F程序進行A。彈道測試。v5〇彈 道極限測試為以實驗來鑑定子彈具有穿透測試對象之5〇% 概率時速度的統計測試。 投射若干17喱FSP碎片,改變各碎η 片之速度。各碎片之 116550.doc -27- 又下降及上升視上柄片投射為完全穿 防彈包中之幾層而定。平均读声疋丨刀穿透 … 十均速度猎由較佳包括在約125呎/ 各(fps)速度範圍内之約四次 丨刀牙還及約四次完全碎片穿 透來獲得。部分穿透及士:空泳 王什乃牙 芽透及70全穿透之平均速度稱為V50。此 防彈包之v50經測試為1201 V ㈡知之比能量吸收率 (SEAT)經計算為 34 88 j_m2/kg。 實例1A (比較) 重複實例1,除代之以具有19層具有〇 44 1_2 (2 15 kg/m2)之面積密度之堆疊織物層之防彈包外。此防彈包之 V5°經測試為1217 fps。目標之比能量吸收率(SEAT)經計算 為 35.01 J-rn2/kg 〇 實例2 如實例1中所述,藉由將20層織物層之SPECTRA(g) 1000.UGG丹尼爾堆疊在—起製備—防彈包。各織物層包 含以織物層重量計88.7重量%的纖維,且包含以織物層重 量計11.3重量%的基質聚合物。LLDpE膜具有9 μηι之厚 度。LLDPE膜之面積密度為8 gsm。一織物層之總面積密 度為l〇3.9gsm。材料之層疊片具有0 1524 mm之厚度。 防彈包之尺寸為18”xl8”(45.7 mm><45.7 mm)。片層堆疊 彼此間不相連。防彈包之面積密度為〇 43 lb/ft2 (2 〇9 kg/m )。如貫例1測试g亥包的抗碎片性。此防彈包之經 測試為1412 fps。目標之比能量吸收率(SEAT)經計算為 48.2 J-m2/kg。此實例說明,與21〇/〇相比,具有n%基質聚 合物之SPECTRA® 1000.11 〇〇丹尼爾織物可達成如實例1中 116550.doc *28· 1359935 之優良的抗碎片特性。 實例3 (比較) 重複實例1,僅除了防彈包包括32層織物層且係以9 mm 全金屬外殼(FMJ)子彈測試。防彈包之尺寸為ι8"χΐ8" (45.7 mmx45.7 mm)。防彈包之面積密度為 〇 74 ib/ft2(3 61 kg/m2)。為測試防9 mm FMJ子彈之抗性,將防彈包安裝於 填滿Plastilina #1黏土之測試架上且綁缚於該架上。將填 _ 有卩比“川⑽之測試架以與碎片自牢牢固定之通用接收器所 投射之直線成90度方向安裝。用於測試之9 mm FMJ符合 根據National Institute of Justice (NIJ) 〇i〇l〇4測試標準之 形狀、尺寸及重量β 根據MIL-STD-662F程序進行彈道測試。發射若干9 mm FMJ子彈,每一子彈速度發生改變。各9 mm FMJ子彈之速 度下降及上升視上述碎片投射為完全穿透還是部分穿透該 防彈包之幾層而定。平均速度藉由包括在約125 fps速度範 φ 圍内之約四次部分穿透及約四次完全子彈穿透來獲得。計 算部分穿透速度及完全穿透速度之平均值且稱其為v5〇。 此防彈包之V5〇經測試為1 525 fps。目標之比能量吸收率 (SEAT)經計算為 236.81 J-m2/kg。 實例4 重複實例2 ’除以9 mm FMJ子彈測試外。防彈包之尺寸 為18"xl8”(45.7 mmx45_7 mm)。防彈包之面積密度為〇43 lb/ft (2.09 kg/m2)。如貫例3進行彈道測試。此防彈包之 V5〇經測试為1272 fps。目標之比能量吸收率(seat)經計曾 116550.doc -29- 1359935 為284.46 J-m2/kg。此實例說明,與21%相比,具有11%基 貝聚合物之SPECTRA® 1000. 1100丹尼爾織物可達成如實 例3中之優良的防彈特性。 實例5 (比較) 防彈包藉由將27層織物層堆疊在一起而製備,各織物層 - 包含一固結型網狀物,該固結型網狀物具有兩片以
Kratoii®聚合物浸潰之單向HMPE纖維,各織物層彼此間成 I 直角交叉疊合且層疊於兩片LLDPE膜之間。 HMPE 纖維為 Honeywell International. Inc.所製造的 SPECTRA® 1000. 1300 ’且具有36公克/丹尼爾之韌度及 1150公克/丹尼爾之抗拉模數。各織物層包含以織物重量 計79重量%的纖維’且包含以織物重量㈣重量%的基質 聚合物。LLDPE膜各具有9 μπ^厚度。LLDpE膜之面積密 度為8 gSm〇 —織物層之總面積密度為15〇〇以以。材料之 層疊片具有0.1651 mm之厚度。 • 防彈包之尺寸為18”X18”(45.7職x45.7麵)。27個片層 之隹疊彼此間不相連。防彈包之面積密度為0.84化出2⑷ kg/m2)。如實例1進行抗碎片測試。此防彈包之V5〇經測試 為 加目‘之比月b篁吸收率(SEAT)經計算為27.86 J- m2/kg。 實例6 如實例5,藉由將29層繃礼a 層織物層之SPECTRA® 1000. 1300 堆疊在一起製備一防彈包。么 谷織物層包含以織物層重量計 92.9重量。/。的纖維,且包含 3 U織物重量計7.1重量%的基質 H6550.doc -30- 1359935 聚合物。一織物層之總面積密度為129.0 gsm。防彈包之尺 寸為l8"x 18" (45·7 mmx45,7 mm)。片層堆疊彼此間不相 連。防彈包之面積密度為0.77 lb/ft2 (3.75 kg/m2)。 如實例1進行抗碎片測試。計算八個部分穿透速度及完 全穿透速度之平均值且稱作Vm。此防彈包之Vw經測試為 1060 fps。目標之比能量吸收率(SEAT)經計算為37 12 j_ m2/kg。此實例說明,與21%相比,具有7%基質聚合物之 SPECTRA® 1000· 1300織物可達成如實例5中之優良的抗碎 片特性。 實例7 如實例5 ’藉由堆疊28層織物層之spECTRA@ 1〇〇〇 1300纖維來製備一防彈包。各織物層包含以織物層重量計 89.9重量%的纖維’且包含以織物層重量計1〇1重量%的基 質聚合物。一織物層之總面積密度為l32 8 。防彈包之
尺寸為1,8’’χ18’’(45_7 _45 7叫。片層堆疊彼此間不相 連。防彈包之面積密度為〇·77 lb/ft2(3.75 kg/m2)。 如實例1進仃抗碎片測試。此防彈包之A。經測試為 P目私之比把里吸收率(SEAT)經計算為35.73 J-m2/kg。 此貫例說明,盘2 1。/ -、21 /〇相比,具有1〇%基質聚合物之 SPECTRA® 1〇〇〇 & .300織物可達成如實例5中之優良的抗 碎片特性。 116550.doc -31 - 重里/ί)的纖維, 且包含以織物層重量計15.0重量%的基質 聚合物。防彈0夕工 g I 面積密度為 0.83 lb/ft2 (4.05 kg/m2)。 如實例1進行括功w… 几碎片測試。此防彈包之V50經測試為1648 fps。目標之y* θ 月b 1吸收率(SEAT)經計算為34 〇3 j_m2/kg。 此實例說明,鱼9 ,。/ α 興21°/〇相比,具有15%基質聚合物之 SPECTRA® looo , _ , .1 300織物可達成如實例5中之優良的抗 碎片特性》 實例8 (比較) 重複貫例5 ’除如實例3以9 mm FMJ子彈測試外。此防 彈包之經測試為145〇 fps。目標之比能量吸收率(sea乃 經計算為 189.22 J-m2/kg。 實例9 重複實例7,除如實例3以9 mm FMJ子彈測試外。如實 例3進行測試。此防彈包之乂^經測試為1519 fps。目標之 比能量吸收率(SEAT)經計算為226.54 j_m2/kg。此㈣説 明,與21%相比,具有10%基質聚合物之spECTRA@ }⑽〇 13 00織物可達成如實例8中之優良的防彈特性。 自實例1 -9中所收集之資料概述於下表中: 116550.doc 32- 1359935
實例 纖維, 丹尼爾(D) %基質 聚合物 %纖維 構造 防彈包面積 密度(lb/ft2) 防彈包 層數 威脅物 V50 (fps) SEAT J-m2/kg 1 Spectra® 1000. 1100D 21(*) 79 4-層 0.43 18 碎片 1201 34.88 1A Spectra® 1000. 1100D 21(” 79 4-層 0.44 19 碎片 1217 35.01 2 Spectra® 1000. 1100D 11.3(*) 88.7 4-層 0.43 20 碎片 1412 48.2 3 Spectra® 1000. HOOD 21(*) 79 4-層 0.74 32 9 mm 子彈 1525 236.81 4 Spectra® 1000. 1100D 11.3(*) 88.7 4-層 0.43 20 9 mm 子彈 1272 284.46 5 Spectra® 1000. 1300D 21(*) 79.0 4-層 0.84 27 碎片 1501 27.86 6 Spectra® 1000. 1300D 7·1(*) 92.9 4-層 0.77 29 碎片 1660 37.12 7 Spectra® 1000. 1300D 10.1(*) 89.9 4-層 0.77 28 碎片 1616 35.73 7A Spectra® 1000. 1300D 15(ψ) 85.0 4-層 0.83 29 碎片 1648 34.03 8 Spectra® 1000. 1300D 21(*) 79.0 4-層 0.84 27 9 mm 子彈 1450 189.22 9 Spectra® 1000. 1300D 10.1(*) 89.9 4-層 0.77 28 9 mm 子彈 1519 226.54 (*)以環己烷作為溶劑的KratonR聚合物。 (**)乳液聚合物聚苯乙烯-聚異戊二烯-聚苯乙烯-嵌段共聚物。 防彈包(目標)尺寸18"XI8” ;面積密度為每平方呎防彈包的 重量碎(psf)。 SEAT為目標之比能量吸收率。 實例10-12 測試SPECTRA® Shield LCR之三個不同的樣品的抗剝強 116550.doc •33- 1359935 度特性,各樣品具有不同的基質聚合物含量。 SPECTRA® Shield LCR樣品各包含以下分層組態之四層 結構:LLDPE膜/0°纖維層/90°纖維層/LLDPE膜。藉由在 纖維層之間剝離來進行標準抗剝強度測試。結果概述於下 表中: 實例 材料 纖維,丹尼爾 %基質 聚合物含量 抗剝強度 (lbs./ft2) 10 SPECTRA® Shield LCR Spectra® 1000. 1300 6.04% 0.089 lbs. 11 SPECTRA® Shield LCR Spectra® 1000. 1300 11.43% 0.188 lbs. 12 SPECTRA® Shield LCR Spectra® 1000. 1300 20.0% 1.766 lbs. 實例10-12說明基質聚合物含量愈低,則黏結強度愈 低。然而,在低於臨界黏結強度下,防彈材料在材料切割 及諸如背心之物品組裝期間會失去耐久性,且亦導致該等 物品之長期耐久性降低。具有6.04%基質聚合物含量之實 例10之樣品展示0.089 lbs/ft2之不可接受的抗剝強度。具有 11.43%基質聚合物含量之實例11之樣品展示0.188 lbs/ft2之 良好抗剝強度。此樣品亦展現優良的抗碎片及防彈效能。 具有20.0%基質聚合物含量之實例12之樣品展示1.766 lbs/ft2之強抗剝強度,但該樣品僅展現最低限度的碎片防 護效能。 儘管本發明已參考較佳實施例加以特別展示且描述,但 一般熟習此項技術者易瞭解,可作出各種更改及潤飾而不 悖離本發明之精神及範疇。希望所闡釋之申請專利範圍覆 蓋所揭示之實施例、以上所論述之彼等替代物及其所有的 均等物。 116550.doc -34-
Claims (1)
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第095143280號專利申請案 , 中文申請專利範圍替換本(99年7月) • '十、申請專利範圍: 1 _ 一種抗碎>}材料,其包含: a)至少-固結型纖維網狀物,該固結型纖維網狀物包含 複數層交叉疊合之非編織纖維層,各纖維層包含複數根 以大體上平行之陣列排列的纖維;該等纖維具有約7公 克/丹尼爾(de—或以上之動度及約i 5Q公克/丹尼爾或 以上之抗拉模數;該等纖維具有位於其上之彈性體基質 組合物,該彈性體基質組合物實質上塗覆於每個各別纖 維上’及该彈性體基質組合物佔該固結型纖維網狀物之 量至約15重量%;該複數層交又疊合之非編織纖 曰糸l亥基質組合物結合以形成該固結型纖維網狀 物;該固結型纖維網狀物具有前表面及後表面;盆中若 該等纖維包含芳族㈣胺纖維或聚(對伸苯基苯并雙喔 唑)纖維’則該基質組合物佔該固結型纖 11重量%;以及 八。
2. 3. 網狀物之該等前表面 其中該聚合物膜層佔 b)至少一層附著於該固結型纖維 及後表面之每一者的聚合物膜層, 整體材料2重量%至25重量%。 :::们之抗碎片材料,其中該等纖维包含選自由以 纖维、群的材料:長鏈聚婦烴纖維、芳族聚醒胺 聚對苯各纖維、聚乙稀醇纖維、聚醯胺纖維、 取對本—甲酸乙- 丙浠腈㈣、 甲酸乙二醋纖維、聚 ' Α晶共聚s旨纖維、玻璃纖維及碳纖維。 “項1之抗碎片材料,其中該等纖維包含聚乙稀纖 116550-990702.doc 維。 . 4·如請求項1之抗碎 由以下各物袓诸 …-中該基質組合物包含選虐 各物組成之群的材料:聚丁二烯 天然橡膠 '乙烯芬以 ♦異戊一烯、 物 蝉 體 合 聚硫越聚合物广、乙稀_丙稀·二婦三元共聚 聚胺基甲酸酯彈性體、氯磺化聚乙 聚(里丁增㈣減^、丁二歸㈣猜彈性 氟彈性體、V、戊—埽)' 聚丙烯酸能、聚醋、聚 永矽氧彈性體、乙烯之共聚物及其組 ::求項1之抗碎片材料,其"基質組合物包含聚苯 乙^聚異戊二稀-聚苯乙m共聚物。匕3《本 型之虹碎片材料’其令該基質組合物佔該固結 纖,准,周狀物約7重量%至約14重量%。 长項1之抗碎片材料’其中該基 型纖維網狀物約7重量%至約13重量%。物佔。玄固結 I ==之抗碎片材料,其中該基質組合物佔該固結 纖、准·祠狀物約7重量%至約12重量%。 9.=項1之抗碎片材料,其中該基質組合物基本上構 成:亥固結型纖維網狀物的約7重量%至約"重量%。 1〇·=未項1之抗碎片材料’其中該基質組合物基本上構 成这固結型纖維網狀物的約u重量%至約15重量%。 II 之抗碎片材料’其中該等纖維包含芳族聚酿 、、或V(對伸笨基苯并雙噁唑 物佔該固結型纖維網狀物_重量心纟;= 116550-990702.doc 12.如請求項1之抗碎片材料 … 自由以下各物組成 :5亥專聚合物膜層包含選 酿、聚胺基甲酸、乙婦卜料:聚歸烴'聚酸胺、聚 物及組合。 >、ΛΚ合物、氟聚合物 及其共聚 ”·如請求们之抗碎片材料… 有約>厚度之線性低密度。-合物膜層包含具 14·如請求項k抗碎片材料,其;;等纖唯 係以相對於各相鄰纖 層中之每—者 合。 向纖維方向成90。角交又疊 15. -種併有抗碎片村料的抗 含: 方物0口垓抗碎月材料包 a)至少一固結型纖維網㈣ 複數層交又疊人之非心“ U纖維網狀物包含 以大r上二Γ 纖維層’各纖维層包含複數根 以大體上千仃之陣列排 克/丹尼爾或以上4度―克;^r: =數;該等纖维具有位於其上之彈性體基質組合物广 ㈣性體基質組合物實質上塗覆於每個各別纖维上,及 違彈性體基質iK合物佔該固結型纖維網狀物之約7重量。/。 至約15重量%;該複數層交又疊合之非編織纖維層_ 该基質組合物結合以形成該固結型纖維網狀物,·該固社 型纖维網狀物具有前表面及後表面:其令若該等纖維包 ° 含芳族聚醯胺纖維或聚(對伸苯基苯并雙。惡哇)纖維,則 該基質組合物佔該固結型纖維網狀物之至少約Η重量 ]16550-990702.doc 1359935 % ;以及 b)至少一層附著於該固結型纖維網狀物之該等前表面 及後表面之每一者的聚合物膜層,其中該聚合物膜層包 含整體材料2重量%至25重量〇/〇。 16.如請求項15之抗碎片物品,其包含複數個以黏結陣列組 裝的固結型纖維網狀物》 17.如請求項15之抗碎片物品,其包含複數個以非黏結陣列 組裝的固結型纖維網狀物。 18.如請求項15之抗碎片物品,其包含一種服裝該服裝具 有複數個與其聯接的固結型纖維網狀物。 1 9.如明求項1 8之抗碎片物品,其中該服裝包含一種背心, 該背心具有該複數個與其聯接的固結型纖維網狀物。 2〇·如請求項15之抗碎片物品,其中該基質組合物基本上構 成該固結型纖維網狀物之約7重量%至約n重量%。 21. 22. 23. 如請求項15之抗碎片物品中該基質組合物基本上構 成該固結型纖維網狀物之約u重量%至約15重量%。 如《月求項15之抗碎片物品,其中該等纖維包含芳族聚醯 胺’戴、准或* (對伸苯基苯并雙噪$ )纖維,且該基質組合 物佔該固結型纖維網狀物之約11重量%至約15重量。Λ。 一種製造抗碎片材料的方法,其包含: 心形成至少兩層纖維層’各纖維層係藉由使複數根纖維 排列成大體上平行的單向陣列而形成;該等纖維具有約 >克丹尼爾或以上之韌度及約15〇公克/丹尼爾或以上 拉模數’ 4等纖維具有塗布於其上之彈性體基質組 116550-990702.doc 合物; b)排列該等纖維層,其中各層之纖維之單向陣列係以 相對於各相鄰層之縱向纖維方向成非平行角度來交又疊 合; 0在足以形成固結型纖維網狀物之條件下黏結該等交叉 疊合層’該固結型纖維網狀物具有前表面及後表面·,其 中該基質組合物佔該固結型纖維網狀物之約7重量%至約 15重量% ’且其中若該等纖維包含芳族聚醯胺纖維或聚 (對伸苯基笨并雙噁唑)纖維,則該基質組合物佔該固結 型纖維網狀物之至少約11重量% ;以及 d)將至少-層聚合物膜層附著於該固結型纖維網狀物 之该則表面及後表面之每一者,其中該聚合物膜層佔整 體材料2重量%至25重量%。 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 如請求項23之方法,其中該基質組合物基本上構成該固 結型纖維網狀物之約7重量%至約11重量%。 如凊求項23之方法,其中該基質組合物基本上構成該固 結型纖維網狀物之約11重量%至約丨5重量0/〇。 如請求項23之方法,其中該等纖維包含芳族聚醯胺纖維 或聚(對伸苯基苯并雙噁唑)纖維,且該基質組合物佔該 固結型纖維網狀物之約11重量%至約丨5重量0/〇。 如請求項23之方法,其中該等纖維層中之各層係以相對 於各相鄰纖維層之縱向纖維方向成9〇。角來交叉疊合。 一種抗碎片材料,其包含: a)至少一固結型纖維網狀物,該固結型纖維網狀物包含 116550-990702.doc 1359935 複數層交叉疊合纖維層’各纖維層包含複數根以陣列排. 列之纖維;該等纖維具有約7公克/丹尼爾或7公克/丹尼 爾以上之韌度及約150公克/丹尼爾或150公克/丹尼爾以 上之抗拉模數;該等纖維於其上具有彈性體基質組合 物,該彈性體基質組合物實質上塗覆於每個各別纖維 上,及該彈性體基質組合物佔該固結型纖維網狀物之約 7重ϊ。/❶至約1 5重量% ;該複數層交又疊合纖維層係與該 基質組合物合併以形成該固結型纖維網狀物;該固結型 纖維網狀物具有前表面及後表面;以及 b)至少一層附著於該固結型纖維網狀物之該前表面及 後表面之每一者的聚合物臈層其中該聚合物膜層佔整 體材料2重量%至25重量〇/〇。 29. 30. 31. 一種包含如請求項28之抗碎片材料的物品。 月求項1之抗石卞片材料,其具有至少mib/ft2之抗剝 強度。 其具有至少0.2061b/ft2之抗 如請求項10之抗碎片材料 剝強度 I16550-990702.doc
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US5552208A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1996-09-03 | Alliedsignal Inc. | High strength composite |
US5935678A (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1999-08-10 | Park; Andrew D. | Ballistic laminate structure in sheet form |
NL1001415C2 (nl) | 1995-10-13 | 1997-04-15 | Dsm Nv | Antiballistisch vormdeel. |
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US6642159B1 (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2003-11-04 | Honeywell International Inc. | Impact resistant rigid composite and method for manufacture |
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US6846758B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2005-01-25 | Honeywell International Inc. | Ballistic fabric laminates |
US6841492B2 (en) * | 2002-06-07 | 2005-01-11 | Honeywell International Inc. | Bi-directional and multi-axial fabrics and fabric composites |
US20040092183A1 (en) * | 2002-11-12 | 2004-05-13 | Shalom Geva | Antiballistic composite material comprising combinations of distinct types of fibers |
US6764764B1 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2004-07-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | Polyethylene protective yarn |
-
2005
- 2005-11-23 US US11/285,817 patent/US7629277B2/en active Active
-
2006
- 2006-11-17 KR KR1020087015279A patent/KR101360856B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2006-11-17 EP EP20060849896 patent/EP1951510B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-11-17 BR BRPI0619072-3A patent/BRPI0619072A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-11-17 CN CNA2006800516146A patent/CN101370649A/zh active Pending
- 2006-11-17 RU RU2008125206/02A patent/RU2008125206A/ru unknown
- 2006-11-17 WO PCT/US2006/044831 patent/WO2007089317A2/en active Application Filing
- 2006-11-17 JP JP2008542390A patent/JP5236482B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-17 ES ES06849896T patent/ES2420956T3/es active Active
- 2006-11-17 CA CA 2631019 patent/CA2631019C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-11-22 TW TW95143280A patent/TWI359935B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-11-23 PE PE2006001496A patent/PE20070885A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-11-23 AR ARP060105175 patent/AR058231A1/es unknown
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- 2008-05-22 IL IL191662A patent/IL191662A/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP5236482B2 (ja) | 2013-07-17 |
WO2007089317A3 (en) | 2007-09-27 |
IL191662A (en) | 2011-08-31 |
US20070117483A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
IL191662A0 (en) | 2008-12-29 |
CN101370649A (zh) | 2009-02-18 |
CA2631019A1 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
US7629277B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 |
WO2007089317A8 (en) | 2008-07-10 |
BRPI0619072A2 (pt) | 2011-09-20 |
CA2631019C (en) | 2014-01-28 |
KR20080072932A (ko) | 2008-08-07 |
ES2420956T3 (es) | 2013-08-28 |
JP2009517623A (ja) | 2009-04-30 |
TW200728679A (en) | 2007-08-01 |
AR058231A1 (es) | 2008-01-23 |
RU2008125206A (ru) | 2009-12-27 |
KR101360856B1 (ko) | 2014-02-21 |
WO2007089317A2 (en) | 2007-08-09 |
EP1951510B1 (en) | 2013-04-24 |
PE20070885A1 (es) | 2007-10-24 |
EP1951510A2 (en) | 2008-08-06 |
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