TW544904B - Semiconductor device and method of production of same - Google Patents
Semiconductor device and method of production of same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW544904B TW544904B TW091112926A TW91112926A TW544904B TW 544904 B TW544904 B TW 544904B TW 091112926 A TW091112926 A TW 091112926A TW 91112926 A TW91112926 A TW 91112926A TW 544904 B TW544904 B TW 544904B
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- Prior art keywords
- semiconductor
- hole
- electrode pad
- semiconductor substrate
- opening
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 178
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 34
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 abstract description 34
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 33
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 26
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 18
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001568 sexual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003376 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
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- H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
- H01L25/065—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L27/00
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Description
五、發明説明( 發明背景_ 發明範 本發明有關於一種半導舻一 〜政士 體70件及其製造方法;更特定 5之係有關於一種丰墓辦— 、疋 電極墊及… 及其製造方法,其中在通過 ^ ^ ^ 孔的側壁於一電極墊與一半導 體基材之間可確保足夠的絕緣。 U目關技曼鼓发 過去,安裝在-主板上的一半導體元件已 :7介板―r),,的接線板上之… ^咸^要此中介板以對準半導體晶片與主板之電極端 曰但是若使用介板,半導體元件的厚度會增加該厚 度里,所以較佳盡量不使用此令介板,以符合近來降低電 子設備尺寸的需求。 -因此’近年來,已致力發展_種不需中介板的半導體 几件,第9A圖顯示相闕技藝之此半導體元件的剖視圖。 、相關技蟄的半導體元件101主要由一矽基材102構成 並且不具有中介板。矽基材102的一表面1〇。上已形成有一 電子元件形成層103,電子元件形成層1〇3包括一電晶體或 其他電子元件而與一通道孔電極墊11〇電性連接,一絕緣膜 104可防止通道孔電極墊11()或主電極墊1〇5與矽基材1〇2產 生電性連接。 半導體構件形成層103及通道孔電極墊11〇上已雄疊有 一 Si〇2膜106及一導線圖案1〇7,^〇2膜1〇6中開設有一通道 本紙張尺度適用㈣國家標準(⑽A4規格⑵〇χ297公董)
-…;------------參----- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 訂— #: 五、發明説明(2 ) 孔10 6 a ‘線圖案1 〇 7及通道孔電極塾11 〇經由此開口電性 連接。 通這孔電極墊110—體式設有主電極墊1〇5,並且,主 電極墊105及其下的矽基材102中開設有一通孔111。 通孔111為此型半導體元件的特徵特性並導出導線圖 案107外剷彺石夕基材1 〇2的其他表面1 ,導出其他表面 102b的導線圖案107係設有作為外部連接端子之焊料凸塊 108以對準主板(未圖示)端子的位置。 第9C圖為從第9A圖的箭頭a方向看到之半導體元件 1〇1的平面圖,為方便說明起見省略導線圖案1〇7。 通道孔106a為一寬直徑的圓形並在其底部暴露出通道 孔電極墊1 1 〇。 在第11圖剖面所示的既有半導體元件(LSI等)丨〇9内建 造一新結構,藉以製造半導體元件101。如同利用第n圖的 說明,主電極墊105亦設置於既有的半導體元件1〇9上,其 係為原始供焊線、打線成球(stud bump)等結合的位置,可 將訊號輸出及輸入並供應電力。 另一方面,通道孔電極墊110(第叱圖)係為_種新結構 且不設置在既有的半導體元件109中。另外新提供通道孔電 極墊no並在其上設置一寬直徑通道孔1〇仏藉以增加與導 線圖案107的接觸面積(第9A圖),並防止因為應力而與導線 圖案107剝離因而造成不良電性接觸。 利用此方式,相關技藝的半導體元件中,除了原來的 本主墊105外,新提供一通道孔墊11〇作為與導線圖案收 544904 A7 ___B7 五、發明説明(3 ) 產生電性連接之一部份並確保可靠的電性連接,一寬直徑 的圓形通道孔l〇6a係開設在通道孔電極墊11〇上方。 現在參照第9B圖,藉由矽基材1 〇2的一開口丨〇2c、絕 緣膜104的一開口 1〇4a及主電極墊1〇5的一開口 i〇5a來界定 通孔11。因此,在通孔111的侧壁,石夕基材^ 〇2及主電極塾 1〇5沿著側壁相距一高度D2而彼此絕緣。 但高度D2較小,故難以於通孔1U側壁上在矽基材1〇2 與主電極墊105之間確保足夠的絕緣。 並且,半導體元件101的製造程序亦有一種問題,參 照第10A及10B圖中相關技藝的半導體元件1〇1之剖視圖描 述此問題。 首先,製備處於第10A圖所示狀態的一矽基材,此狀 態中,絕緣膜104、主電極墊105及電子元件形成層1〇3係形 成於矽基材102上。 然後,如第10B圖所示,從主電極墊1〇5側發射一雷射 束,受雷射束打擊的部份係蒸發因此形成通&lu。 但在此方法中,主電極墊105及矽基材102的材料受到 雷射束所蒸發且蒸發料電材料㈣、、銅等)沉積在絕 緣膜HM關nHHa上,而具有使石夕基材1〇2與主電極墊1〇5 電性連接之危險。 曼述 本發明之一目的係提供一種具有一通孔之半導體元 件,此通孔係穿過一電極墊及一半導體基材,其中可在通 孔的側壁於電極墊及半導體基材之間確保足夠的絕緣。^ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公着)
----------------0^----- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 參 6 544904 五、發明説明(4 ) 本發明之另一目的係提供一種半導體元件之製造方 法’包括形成-通孔,此通孔穿過_電極塾及—半導體基 材,其中降低了電極墊與石夕基材電性連接之危險。" 為達成此目的,根據本發明第一型態提供一種半導體 凡件,此半導體元件係包含一半導體基材;一電子元件, 其形成於半導體基材的一表面上;-電極塾,其具有形成 於該一表面上且與該元件呈電性連接之一延伸部;一通 孔,其通過電極塾及半導體基材;一絕緣膜,其形成於半 導體基材的至少其他表面、通孔的一内壁、及包括延伸部 的電極墊上,一通道孔,其設置於電極墊的延伸部上之絕 緣膜中;及-導線圖案,其經由通孔及通道孔電性導出電 極塾外前往半導體基材的其他表面,該通孔在通過電極墊 的一部份具有比通過半導體基材的一部份更大之直徑。 一項實施例中,導線圖案亦電性導出電極墊外前往半 ‘體基材的一表面。可能將複數個這些半導體元件堆疊在 一起,並經由外部連接端子將各底半導體元件與頂半導體 元件之面對表面的導線圖案加以電性連接。 一項貫施例中,藉由與導線圖案呈電性連接之一導體 來充填通孔。可能堆疊複數個這些半導體元件,並經由外 部連接端子將充填在各底半導體元件及頂半導體元件之對 應通孔中的導體加以電性連接。 根據本發明之第二型態,提供一種半導體元件之製造 方法,此方法包含以下步驟··在一半導體基材的一表面上 形成一電子元件;形成與半導體基材的一表面上的元件呈 本紙張尺度適用中國_721()X297_ 1
----------------------會…: (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填窝本頁) 訂· ·: 544904 五 、發明說明( "連接之一電極墊;藉由圖案化在電極墊中形成一第一 開口;將具有比第-開口直徑更小直徑的一雷射束發射通 過第-開口以在半導體基材包括電子元件中形成一第二開 口’藉以由第一開口及第二開口界定一通孔;在半導體基 材的至少其他表面、通孔的一内壁、及電極塾包括延伸部 上形成-絕緣膜;藉由絕緣膜的圖案化來形成一通道孔以 暴露出電極墊的延伸部的一部份;在絕緣膜上及通道孔中 形成-導電膜;藉由導電膜的圖案化形成經過通孔及通道 孔從電極塾導往半導體基材的其他表面之—導線圖案。 較佳,在形成第一開口之步驟及形成第二開口之步驟 之間係包括一拋光半導體基材其他表面之步驟,以降 導體基材厚度。 訂 較佳藉由-雷射束開啟絕緣膜以進行形成通孔之步 -項實施例中’藉由形成導線圖案的步驟,形成導線 圖案使得電極墊亦電性導出到半導體基材的一表面,可提 供製備複數個半導體元件以及經過外部連接端子電性連: 半導體元件的導線圖案以多層堆疊半導體元件之步驟。 一項實施财,此方法包括在形成導電膜之^藉 性連接至導電膜的—導體來充填通孔之—步驟。可提 備複數個此料導體元相錄料料接端子電性連^ 自複數個半導體元件的對應通孔暴露出之導體以複數 疊半導體元件之步驟。 曰隹 _圖式簡單說! 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格⑵〇χ297公爱) 544904 五、發明説明(6 可由較佳實施例的下列描述並參照圖式而更清楚地 得知本發明之上述及其他目的與特性,其中·· 第ΙΑ IB、1C圖為根據本發明一較佳實施例之一半導 體兀件的剖視圖,其中第1B圖為第^圖一圓形⑶的一部份 大Θ且第1C圖為第1B圖一圓形ic的一部份之放大 圖; 第2圖為第1A圖所示之根據本發明一實施例之一半導 體元件從第1A的A側觀看之平面圖; 第3圖為根據本發明一實施例之複數個半導體元件堆 疊成之一半導體模組的剖視圖,藉以獲得一立體性安裝結 構; 、口 訂 第4A至4Q圖為製造根據本發明一實施例的一半導體 兀件的步驟之剖視圖,其中第4P圖顯示放大之第4〇圖的圓 形4P部份; 第5圖為製備根據本發明一實施例進行堆疊之複數個 半導體元件的狀態之剖視圖; 第6圖為根據本發明一實施例在第4〖圖的步驟與第礼 圖的步驟之間進行形成一保護膜之一步驟的剖視圖·, 第7圖為根據本發明一實施例以一導體充填一通孔情 形的放大剖視圖; 第8圖為如第7圖所示以一導體充填通孔之複數個半 導體元件堆疊成的一半導體模組之剖視圖,藉以形成一立 體性安裝結構; 第9A及9C圖為相關技藝之一半導體元件的剖視圖及 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(21〇><297公釐) 9 544904 五 、發明説明( 平面圖,第9B圖為第9A圖的圓形叩部份之放大剖視圖; 第10A及10B圖為製造相關技藝之一半導體元件的剖 視圖;及 第11圖為一習知既有的半導體元件之剖視圖。 致隹實施例抵诫 下文參照圖式詳細描述本發明的較佳實施例。 ,根據本發明之一半導體元件係設有一半導體基材及 形,於半導體基材的-表面上之—電子元件。—個與此元 件呈電性連接之電極塾係形成於半導體基材的該表面上, 電極塾及半導體基材貫穿設有一通孔,一絕緣膜形成於該 通孔的内壁,此絕緣膜進一步形成於半導體基材的其他表 面上及電極塾上。 …絕緣膜中,形成於電極墊延伸部上的部份係設有一通 … 用於、、、二由通道孔及通孔將電極墊電性導往半導體基 材其他表面之一導線圖案係設置於半導體元件中。 土 特定言之,本發明中,較佳使通孔直徑在穿過電極墊 的部份(下文稱為“第一開口,,)中比穿過半導體元件的部份 (下文稱為“第二開口,,)更大。 」艮據此結構,相較於相關技藝中不論在任何位置均有 =定通孔直徑之結構,可能延長第—開口的近開端與第二 、曾 〗的距離’藉以在通孔側壁處充份確保電極墊與半 導體基材之間的絕緣。 /、 $線圖案可電性導出電性連接外前往半導體基 材的一表面。 本紙張尺度^
—----------會— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 、一一ΰ 10 544904 五、發明説明(8 此情形中,在一垂直方向中製備複數個此等半導體元 件並經由外部連接端子電性連接各底半導體元件與頂半導 體疋件的面對表面之導線圖案,藉以獲得一立體性安裝結 構三因為各半導體元件的平面性尺寸比過去更小,此立、體 性安裝結構比起過去可在橫向保持小的展幅。 依此方式堆疊元件時,可藉由與導線圖案呈電性連接 之一導體來充填通孔。此情形中,位於從通孔露出位置之 導體係進行導線圖案的功能,所以不再需要形成導線圖 案,且可容易地堆疊頂與底半導體元件。 ^另一方面,根據本發明之一種製造半導體元件之方法 係包含以下步驟: (a) 在一半導體基材的一表面上形成一電子元件; (b) 形成一具有一延伸部且在半導體基材的一表面上 與元件呈電性連接之電極墊; (c) 藉由圖案化在電極墊中形成一第一開口; ⑷將具有比第-開口更小的直徑之一雷射束發射通 過第一開口而在包括電子元件的半導體基材中形成一第二 開口,藉以由第一開口及第二開口界定一通孔; ⑷在半導體基材的至少其他表面、㉟孔的一内壁、及 包括延伸部的電極墊上形成一絕緣膜; ⑴藉由絕緣膜的圖案化形成一通道孔以暴露出電極 塾的延伸部之一部份; (g) 在絕緣膜上及通道孔中形成一導電膜;及 (h) 藉由導電膜的圖案化來形成經過通孔及通道孔將 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(21〇Χ297公爱) 544904 B7 A7 五、發明説明(9 電極塾電性導往半導體基材的其他表面之-導線圖案。 /艮據這些步驟中之步驟⑷及⑷,因為形成後將一 比弟-開口直控更小的直徑之雷射束發射通過第—開口, 第—開°及蒸發電極塾的材料,藉以減 丰蜍體基材及電極墊最後變成電性連接之危險。 —此外,根據上述步驟,獲得一種使第一開口直徑大於 弟二開口直徑之結構。如上文所描述,此結構 可充分確保通孔側壁處電極塾與半導體基材之間的絕緣: 亚且’步驟⑷及⑷之間可包括拋光半導體基材的其他 表面之-步驟,藉以降低半導縣材的厚度。 :、、、# Q為在形成第二開口之前降低半導體基材的厚 度,可藉由以一段短時間發射一雷射束來形成第二開口, 亚降低因為雷射束發射對於半導體基材造成之熱損害。並 且,因為雷射束的工作深度變淺,使雷射束的材料蒸發量 降低,並使材料蒸發與沉積在通孔中的量降低。因此可乾 淨地形成通孔。 並且可由一雷射束開啟絕緣膜藉以進行步驟(f)(在絕 緣膜中形成通道孔之步驟)。 弟A 1B、1 c圖為根據本發明一較佳實施例之^一半導 體兀件的剖視圖,第1B圖為第1A圖的圓形⑺區域之放大 Θ而第1C圖為第1B圖的圓形ic區域之放大圖。 如圖所不,半導體元件215設有一矽基材201(半導體基 材)’,此石夕基材2〇1的一表面2〇u設有一半導體構件形成層 202並在其中建造有一電晶體或其他電子元件。並且,半導 本紙張尺度適用巾國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格⑵0Χ297公幻
、\t — (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 12 544904 A7 ---------— B7 _ 五、發明説明(10 ) "" — 體構件形成層202上設有_電極墊211。雖然未圖示,電極 塾211與半導體構件形成層202中的-構件呈電性連接,電 極塾211及碎基材2()1之間具有構件形成層 202,編號204代 表保護半導體構件形成層2G2之—純化層,此層譬如由si〇2 組成。 編號212代表穿過電極墊211及矽基材201之一通孔,一 Si〇2膜209(絕緣膜)形成於其内壁上,si〇2膜2〇9亦形成於 矽基材201的其他表面2〇113上、電極墊211上及電極墊2^ 的延伸部21IX上。 電極墊211的延伸部211χ上之Si〇2膜2〇9係設有一通 這孔209a,電極墊211及以〇2膜上的一導線圖案214係經由 此通道孔209a電性連接。 參照第1B圖,通孔212係由第一開口 208及第二開口 2〇lc所界定,其中第一開口2〇8係為穿過電極,2U之部 份’而第二開口 2〇lc係為穿過矽基材201之部份。 本發明中,令第一開口 208的直徑R1大於第二開口 201c的直徑R2。具體言之,ri約為5〇至70微米,並令R2 小於R2或約為25至50微米。重要的是使Ri>R2,本發明不 限於上述數值。 根據此結構,相較於具有相同直徑R1及R2的情形,可 延長第一開口 208及第二開口 201c的近開端208a與2Old之 間的距離D1(第1C圖),因此可確保通孔212側壁處電極墊 211與矽基材201之間的充份絕緣。 圖示範例中,第二開口 201c形成推拔狀,但如同後文 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公爱〉 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 、可丨 544904 A7 ~------- -^______ 五、發明説明(U ) " ' " --— 說明’這是因為由一雷射束形成第二開口2〇ic所致,形狀 不限於推拔狀,譬如,即使形成直線形狀的第二開口心 仍可獲得本發明的優點。 並且’圖示範例中,通孔212為中空狀,但如第7圖所 示,亦可由與導線圖案214電性連接之—導體217來充填通 孔212 ’此情形的導體2 17譬如可為銅。 另一方面,若注意第1A圖所示的導線圖案214,其形 成於Si〇2膜209上並經由通孔212延伸至矽基材2〇1的其他 表面201 b,‘線圖案214的功能係使電極墊2丨丨經由通道孔 209a及通孔2 12電性連接至其他表面2〇ib。 以此方式導出的導線圖案214的預定位置係設有作為 外部連接端子的焊料凸塊210,但外部連接端子不限於焊料 凸塊210 ’亦可採用打線成球或其他已知的外部連接端子。 藉由:!:干料凸塊210抵靠住主板端子塾(未圖示)的狀態 造成焊料凸塊210回流,將半導體元件215電性與機械性連 接在主板上。 半導體元件215可以此方式單獨使用或可如上述方式 堆疊使用。 第2圖為半導體元件215從第1A圖的a側觀看之平面 圖。 形成於表面201 a上的導線圖案214係設有一端子部份 2 14a ’此端子部份214a設置為電性導出電極墊211前往石夕基 材201的表面201 a。當垂直堆疊複數個半導體元件2 1 5時, 其係為可使頂半導體元件215提供的一焊料凸塊210、结合之 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐)
..........---- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) _訂丨 M4904 五、發明說明(u 、但在不需要堆疊時,並不需提供端子部份214a。 、匕方式堆宜的半導體元件21 5之剖視圖顯示於第3 圖,如第3圖所示,各頂與底半導體元件215的面對表面之 ^線圖案214係經由焊料凸塊训電性連接,此結構為一種 複數個半$體元件堆疊成之立體性安裝結構。各半導體 一 5的平面丨生尺寸係比習知技藝更小,所以此立體性結 構中,可能相較於習知技藝保持小的橫向展幅。這有助於 近年來半導體封裝的較高密度及較小尺寸。 请注意當如第7圖所示以一導體217充填通孔212時, 可使用從通孔212的開口 212a暴露出部份之導體2m而非 端子部份214a,所以並不需要位於設有焊料凸塊21〇的部份 上之導線圖案214以及端子部份214a,且可容易地堆疊半導 體讀2丨5。第8圖顯示依此方式堆疊半導體元件叫情形之 剖視圖。 接下來參Μ第4A至4Q圖說明上述半導體元件215的製 造方法,第4Α至4Q圖為不同製造步驟之半導體元件的剖視 圖。 首先,如第4Α圖所示,製備一矽基材2〇1(半導體基 材),此矽基材201為一用於產生大量半導體元件之基材(晶 圓)。 然後,如第4Β圖所示,一電晶體或其他電子元件形成 於矽基材201的一表面201a上。圖中,編號2〇2顯示設有半 導體構件的一半導體構件形成層。 然後,如第4C圖所示,一含鋁(第一金屬)的膜(未圖示 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210X 297公爱)
訂| (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544904 A7 I ----------1_____ — 五、發明説明(13 ) 係形成於半導體構件形成層202上,且此膜係圖案化形成底 電極墊203,底電極墊203的厚度約為1微米,請注意若不用 紹’亦可以銅形成底電極墊2〇3。 因為底電極墊203及矽基材201之間設有半導體構件 I成層202 ’底電極墊2〇3位於石夕基材201上而不接觸石夕基材 201。並且,雖未特別顯示,底電極墊2〇3形成為與半導體 構件形成層202中的一導線層呈電性連接。 然後,如第4D圖所示,底電極墊2〇3及半導體構件形 成層202上已形成有由si〇2等構成之一鈍化層204。然後, 此鈍化層204係圖案化形成可暴露出底電極墊2〇3之一開口 204a。 請注意可從半導體製造商獲得處於第4D圖所示狀態 之產品,如第4D圖所示,設有底半導體電極墊2〇3或半導 體構件形成層202及鈍化層204等之半導體基材2〇1係為通 常由半導體製造商生產之一般基材,底電極墊2〇3原來僅作 為一種用於打線接合或接合外部連接端子(凸塊等)之電極 墊(相關技藝的範例中為主電極墊1 i 〇)。 然後,如第4E圖所示,一含心(鉻)的電源供給層2〇5a 係形成於鈍化層204及底電極墊203的暴露表面上,譬如由 噴濺形成電源供給層205a。 | 然後,如第4F圖所示,一第一光阻2〇6塗覆在電源供 | 給層205a上。適後,第一光阻206暴光及顯影以形成與鈍化 層204的開口 204a重疊之第一光阻開口 2〇仏。 然後’如第4G圖所示,以第一光阻開口施艸暴露出 _ ....... .................... 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) ---—- -16 -
.、?τ— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544904 A7 -----B7__ 五、發明説明(14 ) 的電源供給層205a浸入一電鑛溶液(未圖示)的狀態將電流 供應至電源供給層2〇5a,以形成鍍銅層205b。 然後,如第4H圖所示,移除第一光阻2〇6,然後選擇 性餘刻以移除已於第一光阻2〇6下形成之電源供給層 205a。以至今描述的步驟完成由電源供給層2〇5&及鍍銅層 2〇5b構成之頂電極墊2〇5,頂電極墊2〇5的厚度約為1至25 微米。 並且’本實施例中,底電極墊2〇3及頂電極墊2〇5形成 電極墊211,頂電極墊2〇5的一部份在第4H圖中往左延伸以 形成電極塾211的一延伸部211X。 然後,如第41圖所示,一第一光阻2〇7形成於鈍化層2〇4 及電極墊211的暴露表面上,並且,光阻2〇7暴光及顯影以 形成使電極墊211暴露出之一第二開口 2〇7a。 然後,如第4J圖所示,使用光阻2〇7作為一蝕刻遮罩以 將電極墊211圖案化並在電極墊211中形成一第一開口 208,此情形的蝕刻譬如為化學蝕刻或電漿蝕刻,請注意第 一開口的直徑R1約為50至70微米,但應根據電極墊211直 控適當地設定。 然後,如第4K圖所示,矽基材2〇1的其他表面2〇化拋 光以將矽基材201降低到約50至150微米。藉由此步驟獲得 幸父晚完成的半導體元件可變薄之優點,但當半導體元件不 必為薄型時則可省略此步驟。 然後,如第4L圖所示,一具有比第一開口 2〇8直徑Rl 更小直徑的雷射束係發射通過第一開口 2〇8。雷射的一範例 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210Χ297公爱〉 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
•、可I .#Γ 17 544904 A7 — - B7 五、發明説明(15 了~ —----— 巾/、有uv雷射、YAG雷射、或受激準分子雷射。雷射 I打擊的部份將蒸發,因此-第二開口㈣形成於石夕基材 中,此第二開口 2〇lc的直徑R2約為25至50微米。並且,通 孔212係由第一開口2〇8及第二開口 201c所界定。 错由在形成第一開口 208之後發射一具有比直徑ri更 小直徑的雷射束,可防止雷射束接觸第一開口 2〇8及蒸發電 極塾211的材料(紹或銅),藉以降低蒸發材料沉積在通孔 212的側壁上及電性連接矽基材2〇1與電極墊2ιι之危險。 此外,獲得一種使第一開口2〇8直徑R1大於第二開口 201c直徑R2之結構。如上述,此結構具有充份確保通孔η〕 側壁處電極墊211與矽基材2〇1之間的絕緣之優點。 並且,因為形成第二開口 2〇lc前在第4K圖步驟將矽基 材201降低厚度,可在一段短時間發射雷射束藉以形成第二 開口 201c,故可降低因為雷射束造成矽基材2〇1的熱損害。 並且,因為雷射束的工作深度變淺,使得雷射束蒸發 | 的矽量降低且蒸發與沉積在通孔212中的矽量亦降低,因此 可乾淨地形成通孔212。 請注意當通孔212中的矽沉積或熱損害並不重要時, 可省略第4K圖的步驟(降低矽基材2〇1厚度之步驟)。 並且,雖然圖示的第二開口201(:為推拔狀,這是因為 使用藉由一聚焦鏡片(未圖示)聚焦至一點的一雷射束而非 平行光的雷射束所致。第二開口 20 1 c不必為推拔狀,譬如, 即使第二開口 201 c形成直線狀仍可獲得本發明的優點。 並且,如第4L圖所示,可從矽基材2〇1的其他表面2〇ib 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) ~
訂- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544904 A7 -—- _ B7__ 五、發明説明(16 ) " ~ 發射雷射束而非經由第一開口 2〇8發射雷射束藉以形成第 二開口 201c,即使進行此作用時,仍可防止雷射所蒸發的 碎 >儿積在電極塾211上。 尚且,可在第4K圖與第4L圖的步驟之間進行第6圖所 示的步驟,此步驟中,在鈍化層2〇4上、電極墊2ιι包括延 伸部21IX上、第一開口2〇8的側壁上、及自第一開口暴 露出之半導體構件形成層202上藉由化學氣相沉積(CVD) 形成一si〇2膜或其他保護膜216。在第4L圖的雷射處理時間 中,若因雷射束而發生雜屑或毛邊則予以清除(電漿清理或 化學清洗)。若如上述形成保護膜216,可在清理期間防止 損傷電極墊2 11或鈍化層204。 形成通孔212之後,進行第4M圖所示的步驟,此步驟 中,一Si〇2膜209(絕緣膜)形成於半導體基材2〇1的至少其 他表面201b上、通孔212的内壁上、及電極墊211包括延伸 部211乂上。譬如由化學氣相沉積((::¥1))形成以〇2膜2〇9。 凊注思為了如圖示將Si〇2膜209形成於半導體基材2〇1 的兩主表面上,譬如,首先,可將_Si〇2膜2〇9只形成於半 導體基材201的表面201a及通孔212的側壁上,然後8〖〇2膜 209形成於其他表面2〇lb上。 然後,如第4N圖所示,Si〇2膜209係圖案化形成通道 孑L 209a藉以暴露出電極墊211的延伸部21IX之一部份。 至於形成通道孔209a之方法,譬如,可形成一阻劑(未 圖示),此阻劑具有與Si〇2膜209上形狀對應之一開口,並 經由該開口選擇性蝕刻Si〇2膜,此時使用的蝕刻技袖^譬如 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210X297公釐) 19 ------------------------ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} :η— 544904 A7 發明説明 為化學蝕刻或電漿蝕刻。 另一方法中,可能在應設有通道孔2〇9a之位置於以〇2 膜209上發射一雷射束,以使該部份蒸發藉以形成通道孔 209。譬如,可能相對於雷射束放置一光遮罩(未圖示),此 光遮罩具有與通道孔2〇9a對應的一形狀窗口,並藉由通過 此窗口的雷射束來開啟通道孔2〇%。 形成通道孔209a之後,進行第4〇圖所示的步驟,此步 驟中’導電膜213形成於Si〇2膜209上及通道孔209a中,導 電膜213的厚度約為1至2〇微米。 如第4P圖所示,導電膜213包含:喷濺形成的一Cr(鉻) 膜213a、亦由噴濺形成其上的一銅膜213b、及利用Cr(鉻) 膜213a及銅膜213b作為電源供給層形成的一鍍銅膜213c, 但是導電膜2 13的結構不限於此。譬如,亦可以喷賤形成一 鋁膜,並使用鋁膜作為一導電膜213。或者,可以噴濺形成 一 Cr(鉻)膜,然後利用無電極電鍍或電鍍在Cr(絡)膜上形成 一 Cu(銅)、Ni(鎳)、Au(金)或其他膜作為導電膜213。 请注意在圖示範例中,通孔212為中空狀,但本發明 不限於此,譬如,亦可能如第7圖放大所示厚厚地施加鍍銅 膜213c藉以將一銅構成的導體217充填於通孔212内。 充填方法並不限於上述方法,譬如,導電膜2 1 3亦可 幵> 成約1至20微米的厚度,然後形成一鍍阻層,此鍍阻層設 有只暴露出通孔212側壁之一開口,並將側壁電解性鑛銅以 由銅充填通孔212。此方法中,導電膜213並未變厚,故可 在一後續步驟中將導電層213細微地圖案化,請注意不論何 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公复) 20 544904 五 、發明説明(18 種方法,導體2 17均應與導電膜213電性連接。 然後描述不充填一導體217的 , 旧障形,但即使在充填導 體21 7犄仍可採用相同的步驟。 在形成導電層213之後,如第4Q圖所示,導電膜213圖 案化以形成導線圖㈣4’導線圖案214形成於發基材2〇ι 的兩主要表面鳥及雇上,兩主要表面2仏及雇的導 線圖案214經由通孔212電性連接。 然後,如第1A圖所示,石夕基材2〇1的其他表面2〇11?上 之導線圖案2M的預定位置係設有作為外部連接端子之焊 料凸塊2U),然後將基材切割,藉以完成如第_所示的 半導體元件。 完成的半導體元件215可單獨安裝在一主板(未圖示) 上或可加以堆疊。 在堆豐時,如第2圖所示,端子部份214a設置於導線圖 案214上,如第5圖所示,製備複數個完成的半導體元件215。 然後,如第3圖所示,以焊料凸塊21〇抵靠住底半導體 兀件215的端子部份214a之狀態令焊料凸塊21〇回流。回流 之後,焊料凸塊215的溫度降低,藉以完成由大量堆疊的半 導體元件21 5構成之一立體性安裝結構的一半導體模組。 並且’當以導體217充填通孔212時,如第8圖戶斤示, 自通孔212的開口 212a暴露出之部份的導體217a係提供上 述端子部份214a的功能,所以不需要可提供焊料凸塊21〇 位置之導線圖案214及端子部份214a。 綜合本發明的效果,如上述,通孔的直徑在通過電極 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐)
.訂· (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544904 A7 一1 B7 五、發明5月(19 ) " ^^〜 墊的部份係比通過半導體元件的部份更大,所以可在通孔 側壁處充分確保電極墊與半導體基材之間的絕緣。 雖然已經參照圖示選用的特定實施例來描述本發 明’熟悉此技藝者瞭解顯然應可作多種修改,而不脫離本 發明之基本概念及範圍。 本揭示係有關於日本專利應用2〇〇1 _ 180893號的主 體,其揭示以引用方式整體明確併入本文中。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •訂— 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210X297公釐) 22 544904 A7 B7 五、發明説明(20 ) 元件標號對照 101…半導體元件 205b...鍍銅層 102...矽基材 206…第一光阻 102a...表面 206a...第一光阻開口 102b...表面 207…第一光阻 102c···開口 207a...第二開口 103...電子元件形成層 208...第一開口 104...絕緣膜 208a...近開端 104a_._ 開口 209_..SiO2 膜 10 5...主電極整4 209a...通道孔 10 5 a ·…開口 210…焊料凸塊 106.._SiO2 膜 211...電極墊 10 6 a...通道孔 211X...延伸部 107...導線圖案 212...通孔 108…焊料凸塊 212a···開口 109...半導體元件 213...導電膜 110...電極墊 213a...Cr(鉻)膜 111...通孔 213b...銅膜 2 0 1碎基材 213c...鑛銅膜 201a...主要表面 214…導線圖案 201b...其他表面 214a...端子部份 201c…第二開口 215…半導體元件 202...半導體構件形成層 216...保護膜 203...底電極墊 217...導體 204·.·鈍化層 217a...導體 205a...電源供給層 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 23
Claims (1)
- 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種半導體元件,其包含: 一半導體基材; 一電子元件,其形成於該半導體基材的一表面上; 一電極墊,其具有形成於該一表面上並與該電子 元件電性連接之一延伸部; 一通孔,其通過該電極墊及該半導體基材; 一絕緣膜,其形成於該半導體基材的至少其他表 面、該通孔的一内壁、及該電極墊包括該延伸部上; 一通道孔,其設置於該電極墊的延伸部上之絕緣 膜中; 一導線圖案,其經由該通孔及該通道孔而電性導 出該電極墊外前往該半導體基材的其他表面;及 該通孔具有在通過該電極墊的一部份比通過該半 導體基材的一部份更大之一直徑。 2·如申請專利範圍第旧之半導體元件,其中該導線圖 案亦電性導出該電極墊外前往該半導體基材的其他 表面二… 3· -種半導體模組,、錢^據申請專利範圍第2項之 後數個半導體元件,該等複數個半導體元件係堆疊在 一起並具有經由外部連接端子電性連接之各底半導 體元件及頂半導體元件的面對表面之導線圖案。 4·如申請專利範圍第旧之半導體元件,其中藉由與該 導線圖案電性連接之-導體來充填該通孔。 5· -種半導體模气4,根據申請專利範圍第4項 六、申請專利範園 數個半V體7L件構成,該等複數個半導體元件係堆疊 在-起並具有充填在經由外部連接端子電性連接之 各底半導體7L件及頂半導體元件的對應通孔中之導 6. 種半導體兀件之製造方法,其包含以下步驟: 在一半導體基材的一表面上形成一電子元件; 形成電才虽墊’丨具有一延伸部且與該半導體基 材的一表面上之電子元件呈電性連接; ㈣電極塾中藉由圖案化形成—第—開口; 藉由將具有比該第-開口直徑更小的直徑之一雷 射束么射通過4第—開σ,在包括該電子元件的半導 體基材中形成—第二開σ,藉以由該第―開口及該第 一開口界定一通孔; 在該半導體基材的至少其他表面、該通孔的一内 壁、及該電極墊包括該延伸部上形成一絕緣膜; 將該絕緣膜圖案化藉以形成一通道孔而暴露出該 電極墊的延伸部之一部份; 在該絕緣膜上及該通道孔中形成一導電膜;及 。亥V電膜圖案化藉以形成經過該通孔及該通道孔 將該電極墊電性導往該半導體基材的其他表面之一導 線圖案。 如申請專利範圍第6項之半導體元件之製造方法,其 中該形成第-開口之步驟及該形成第二開口之步驟 之間係包括拋光該半導體基材的其他表面以降低該 N申請專利範圍 8. 半導體基材的厚度之_步驟。 如申請專利範圍第 朴 弟員之+導體元件之製造方法,其 藉由㈤身于束開啟該絕緣膜來進行該形成通道孔 之步驟。 9. 10. ^月專利视圍第6項之半導體元件之製造方法,其 中藉由為%成導線圖案之步驟形成該導線圖案,使該 電極塾«料㈣面。 -料導體模組之製造方法、幾勞下步驟: 藉由根據中請專利範圍第9項法製備複數個 半導體元件及 11. 、經由外部連接端子電性連接該半導體元件的導線 圖案而以複數個層堆疊該等半導體元件。 如申請專利範圍第6項之半導體元件之製造方法,其 包括以下步驟··在該形成該導電膜之步驟後,藉由電 性連接至該導電膜之一導體來充填該通孔。 12. 種半‘體模組之製造方_彳;秦臭^含以下步驟:製 備藉由根據申請專利範圍第產生的複數個 半導體元件及 、謂 經由外部連接端子將從該等複數個半導體元件的 對應通孔的開口暴露出之導體加以電性連接而以複數 個層堆疊該等半導體元件。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(21〇χ297公董)
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JP2000246475A (ja) * | 1999-02-25 | 2000-09-12 | Seiko Epson Corp | レーザ光による加工方法 |
JP4438133B2 (ja) * | 1999-08-19 | 2010-03-24 | シャープ株式会社 | ヘテロ接合型バイポーラトランジスタおよびその製造方法 |
IL133453A0 (en) * | 1999-12-10 | 2001-04-30 | Shellcase Ltd | Methods for producing packaged integrated circuit devices and packaged integrated circuit devices produced thereby |
-
2001
- 2001-06-14 JP JP2001180893A patent/JP4053257B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-06-06 US US10/162,598 patent/US6703310B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-06-07 EP EP02291419A patent/EP1267402B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-06-13 TW TW091112926A patent/TW544904B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-06-14 CN CNB021213445A patent/CN100364092C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN100364092C (zh) | 2008-01-23 |
JP4053257B2 (ja) | 2008-02-27 |
JP2002373895A (ja) | 2002-12-26 |
US6703310B2 (en) | 2004-03-09 |
US20020190371A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 |
EP1267402A2 (en) | 2002-12-18 |
CN1392611A (zh) | 2003-01-22 |
EP1267402A3 (en) | 2005-09-28 |
EP1267402B1 (en) | 2013-03-20 |
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