TW478015B - Lateral thin-film silicon-on-insulator (SOI) device having a gate electrode and a field plate electrode - Google Patents
Lateral thin-film silicon-on-insulator (SOI) device having a gate electrode and a field plate electrode Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW478015B TW478015B TW089117153A TW89117153A TW478015B TW 478015 B TW478015 B TW 478015B TW 089117153 A TW089117153 A TW 089117153A TW 89117153 A TW89117153 A TW 89117153A TW 478015 B TW478015 B TW 478015B
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- Prior art keywords
- region
- lateral
- soi
- layer
- gate electrode
- Prior art date
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- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 56
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IDBFBDSKYCUNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitride Chemical compound [Li]N([Li])[Li] IDBFBDSKYCUNPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
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- H01L29/66674—DMOS transistors, i.e. MISFETs with a channel accommodating body or base region adjoining a drain drift region
- H01L29/66681—Lateral DMOS transistors, i.e. LDMOS transistors
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- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L29/66772—Monocristalline silicon transistors on insulating substrates, e.g. quartz substrates
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
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- Toxicology (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
Description
五、發明說明(]) 孩發明係處於絕緣層上矽(S0I)裝置之領域中,而 特別的是關係到適於高壓應用的S 〇丨裝置。 更馬 於製造高電壓功率裝置中,在慣例必須在擊穿電壓 寸’"開”電阻以及製造簡化與信賴性的領域中作成取捨应 文k,通常改吾一參數像是擊穿電壓將導致另—個 是||開”電阻的退化’在理想上如此之裝置可以特性化 領域中的優秀特徵而能最小化作業上與製造上的缺點。 橫向薄膜SOI裝置之一特別有利的型式包括一半導體美 質,於該基質上之-埋藏絕緣層以及在該埋藏絕緣層2 S01層内之—橫向電晶體裝ϋ裝置像是-M〇SFET包括 在該埋藏絕緣層上之一半導體表面層且具有_第_導電型 心一源極區域(其於與第一導電型所有者相反之—第二導 私型的一個區域内加以形成),該本體區域之—通道區之上 的-個至少實質地加以絕緣且從那裡加以絕緣的閘:電極 ,孩第-導電型之-橫向漂流區$,以及藉由没極區域也 通道區域橫向加以分隔之第一導電型的汲極區域。 此型式之-裝置係於圖i中加以顯示,共同地與美國專利 案號5,246,870 (被導至一方法)與5,4丨2,241 (被導至一裝置) 相關,與該立即的專利申請案共同地被讓渡且加以組:: 此作爲參照,圖1之前述專利中所顯示的該s〇l m〇sfet裝 置具有不同的特性,像是具有-線性橫向摻雜區域與_$ 覆電場板之一薄SOI層以強化操作.,此裝置如習知者般係: 一η-通道或NMOS電晶體,具備n_型源極與汲極區域,使2 習知被參照爲NMOS電晶體的一種製程加以製程。 -4 - 478015 A7 B7 五、發明說明(2 用於強化SOI功率裝置的高電壓與高電流效能參數的更 先進技勢係加以顯示於美國專利申請案序號08/998,048中 ,其中本申請案係爲一 CIp,於1997年12月24日提出申請, 與该三即的專利申請案共同地被讓渡且加以組合與此作爲 參照,然而於改善一 S0I裝置效能的另一個技術係爲形成一 混合裝置,其將一個以上形式的裝置構築組合成爲一單一 構造,所以例如在1998年7月24曰所提出申請的美國專利申 凊案序唬09/122,407中,其與該立即的專利申請案共同地被 痕渡且加以組合與此作爲參照,一 s〇i裝置係加以揭露,其 包括在相同構造中的一個橫向DM〇s電晶體與一 ligb電晶 體 ii-----Mi— 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 所以很明顯地無數的技藝與處理方式已被使用以強化功 率半導體裝置的效能,持續的努力以便獲致如此的參數像 是擊穿電壓,尺寸,電流攜帶能力與製造容易的一個更爲 接近最佳化之組合,雖然所有前述的構造提供了裝置效能 上的不同程度的改良,然而沒有一種裝置或構造能完全地 最佳化所有用於高電壓,高電流作業的設計需求。 因此想要有一種可以在高壓,高電流環境内作用之一電 晶體裝置構造,其中作業參數而且特別是擊穿電壓係更進 一步地加以最佳化。 因而本發明之一目的在於提供一種可以在高壓,高電流 環境内作用之一電晶體裝置構造,該發明之一更進一步的 目的在於提供如此之一電晶體裝置,其中作業參數像是擊 穿電壓係加以強化。 線- 5- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 478015 五、發明說明(3 , 根據▲ ^明,此等目的係於敎述於上的形式之一橫向薄 月吴SOI裝$置構造中加以達到,其中一介電層係被提供於該絕 緣區之至少一部份與該閘極電極上,而一場板電極係被提 供於该介電層之至少一部份上(其直接與該絕緣區接觸), 而該場板電極係加以連接至該橫向電晶體裝置之一電極。 糸汶I明之一較佳具體實例中,該介電層加上絕緣層 (即總上邵絕緣的厚度)約係等於該埋藏絕緣層之一厚度 ’典型的介電層加上絕緣層之總厚度以及埋藏絕緣層之厚 度將係至少各爲約2微米以上,而至少約3微米爲佳。 於該發明之又一較佳具體實例中,該閘極電極延伸超過 該橫向漂移區之一半,而該場板電極係加以連接至橫向電 晶體裝置之閘極電極或源極電極之一。 、% 根據本發明之橫向薄膜S0I裝置提供了 一顯著的改善,即 喜好的效能特性(使該裝置適合在一高壓,高電流的環境且 特別是在高擊穿電壓下作業)之一組合可加以達成。 該發明乏此等與其他方面將自此後所加、 、 、 々以敘述之具體實 例並參照之而更爲明顯並elucidated。 該發明參照後敘説明並結合附圖加以研讀可以得 完整的瞭解: 請示了-先前技藝的橫向薄膜s〇I裝置之—簡化橫剖 面視圖; 圖2顯示了根據該發明之一較佳具體實例的一個棒向尊 膜SOI裝置之一簡化橫剖面視圖;以及 圖3顯示了根據該發明之又一較佳具體實例的一個橫向 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) il4·! (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂· · -1線* 478015 B7 五、發明說明(4 薄膜S ΟI裝置之一簡化橫剖面視圖。 於該圖形中,具有相同導電形態之半導體區域大致上於 才灵剖面視圖中以相同方向的斜線加以顯示,且應瞭解該圖 形並非按照比例加以繪製。 於圖1之一簡化的橫剖面示圖中,一橫向薄膜裝置,此處 係爲一 SOI MOS電晶體20包括一半導體基質22,一埋藏絕 緣層24以及其中該裝置係被製造之一半導體表面3〇1層% ,茲M〇S電晶體包括一導電型式的一個源極區域28,相反 導電型式之一第二型式的本體區域3〇,該第一導電型式之 一橫向漂流區域32以及亦爲第一導電型式之一汲極區域“ ,藏基本的簡化裝置構造係藉由一閘極電極刊所完成,所 訂 顯示者如同藉由一氧化物絕緣區域38完全地與其下之半導 體表面層26絕緣,雖然可以瞭解針對一 JFET裝置,一電氣 連接將被形A於以;ί;同的方式加以絕緣的閘^電極以及其 下裝置的半導體閘極區域之間,於該發明之範田壽之内充當 對於本發明起點之M0S電晶體可具有不同的效能強化特性 像疋一階段式的氧化物區域38Α,38Β,形& 一場板部份ΜΑ ,36Β之一延伸閘極電極以及一薄橫向漂流區域部份32α, 於前述先前技藝中的所有詳述者船, j叶4有如,或是如所想要的其他 效能強化特性都未偏離本發明的精神與範疇,此外該刪 電晶體20亦可包括—表面接點區域4〇與源極區域28相接觸 ,位於圖1的先料藝構造的本體内,其係藉由-介電層42 加以芫成,其上提供有一金屬拉 ,、Λ 屬接·,、、占層44,此處加以顯示爲 接觸閘極電極36,代表$曰;、風、、人 代衣夕曰曰矽牙過孩介電層42中之一穿孔 ΐί氏張尺度義_家鮮 A7 五、發明說明(5 ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ’要 >王意1¾先可技藝裝置中的金屬接點層44係完全地位於 問極電極36足上’所以該金屬接點層44不能充當關於該裝 置的以下邵份之一場板電極。 應瞭解孩圖形中所顯示的簡化,代表裝置敘述了特別的 裝置構造’但在該發明的範疇内之裝置外形與結構兩方面 的廣汎變化亦可加以使用,此外本發明可加以組合成無數 不同形式的高壓薄層S0I裝置,其具備爲那些熟習於此技藝 者所周知的不同底下構造,像是LDM〇s電晶體,LIGB電晶 體以及JFET裝置。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 雖然如上述與圖1連接的先前技藝的構造大致上具備良 好的作業特性’其仍舊受限於最大可達擊穿電壓定格,此 係因該最大可達擊穿電壓依S〇i層的厚度以及埋藏層與以 上或'’上’’絕緣區域兩者的厚度而定,對於約6〇〇-7〇〇伏特範 圍内之一名義上的擊穿電壓,該埋藏絕緣層將具有約2_3微 米的一個厚度,其爲了最佳化效能之故將藉由大約相同厚 度的一個上(場氧化物)絕緣區域加以平衡,然而若是想要 有較向的擊穿電壓,則該SOI層的厚度必須加以減少或者是 絶緣區域的厚度必須加以增加,因爲減少該S 〇 I層厚度將使 該裝置的開態(on-state)特性嚴重地退化,故在實用上於擊 穿電壓的更進一步改善須知絕緣層的厚度增加。 將該埋藏層的厚度增加到約4-5微米係可使用已知技術 加以達成,雖然成本限制,製造困難度以及熱考量目前將 貫用的厚度限制於約此數値,爲了最佳化效能,該埋藏絕 緣層的厚度應藉由一上絕緣層加以平衡或匹配,所以沿著 -8- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21G X 297公爱) ----- 478015 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(6 SOI層的任何橫向位置處,絕緣材料的總厚度(如以下所討 娜者般该介電層加上上絕緣區域)將導致在S0I層表面處的 一個垂直電場,其約等於或小於鄰近埋藏絕緣層之so〖層底 邵處的垂直電場,如以下所討論者般使用習知的材料用於 不同的絕緣與介電層將產生一構造,其中該介電層與上= 緣層的總厚度約等於埋藏絕緣層的厚度,然而因該上氧絕 緣層係藉由熱氧化所產生,所以對於此層所能達到的厚2 有一上限約2微米,此係因控制熱氧化化學製程的固有:二 限制,隨著氧化厚度的增加,減少回復的一點係被達成以 便增加氧化時間及/或溫度不再導致氧化物厚度的顯著增 加,此現象已知爲迪爾_葛洛夫(Deal_Gr〇ve)氧化定律,: 且馬那些一般熟習於該技藝者所周知,因此爲了達成一較 厚的上絕緣區域,必須使用一些其他的技術。 於圖2的該裝置構造中,如此一個較厚的上絕緣區域係藉 由下述在该裝置的上表面處的一個構造變化於該裝置的相 關部份(本質上該漂流區域的汲極側區域以上的那個 中加以達成。 77 於圖2中所顯示的該裝置中,圖1中形成-場板之延伸門 極構造的該部份36A,36B係在橫方向上加以縮短,中斷^ 漂流區域32的中間部份之上,所以該間極電極延伸超過約 一半的漂流區域,而非如圖丨般延伸超過大部份的潭士區 ,介電層42係被提供於氧化物區域38B處閘極電極二二二二 區域的現在已曝光部份之上,介電層42爲一沉㈣= TE0S (四燒正石夕酸鹽)或石夕氮化物爲有利。 %疋 請 先 閱 讀 背 面 之 注 意 事 項
頁 I 訂 線 泰紙張尺度適財關家鮮格咖x 29?^ 478015 A7 B7 五、發明說明(7 ) 相對於圖1的先前技藝的結構,於圖2的構造中,該閘極 黾極金屬接點層4 4除了閘極電極3 6外不停止,但如圖2中所 頒示者般橫向延伸向右通過閘極電極3 6的橫向中止,並且 向下至介電層42上越過上絕緣區域38B之右手側之上,越過 /τκ 4區域3 2之右手側之上,該閘極電極金屬接點層4 *之此 延伸於圖2中加以指定爲44 A充當形成一場板電極(其強化 了該裝置的高電壓效能)。 根據该發明,該介電層4 2的提供充當兩種目的,第一, 其如先前技蟄中一般提供了一上絕緣層用於閘極電極3 6, 而第二,其充當增加場板電極部份44A與底下的漂流區域 32間的絕緣材料的總厚度,此舉依次允許該底下的埋藏層 24作得較厚,但同時又在該漂流區域之上提供絕緣材料的 一個總厚度,其約等於漂流區域以下的絕緣材料厚度,因 此以先前技藝中不可能的一種方式最佳化用於高電壓作業 的裝置結構,此處的場板藉由延伸超過大部份的漂流區域 之一主要由熱氧化物的厚度户斤決定的距離之閘極電極_ -個延伸36A加以形成,因如上所附註者般,此熱氧化物 係爲其最大可達成厚度所限,肖最有利的實體結構也就是 説一較厚的埋藏絕緣層與具備一總厚度约等於埋藏絕緣層 所有者之一上絕緣層無法加以達成。 曰 *應明瞭許多不同的結構與替代係被預期處於該發明的範 田壽之内,該埋藏絕緣層的厚度以及介電層與絕緣區域的總 厚度應各爲至少2微米以上’且最好爲至少3微米,使用現 在可用的技術並考慮實用性像是成本限制,製造困難度以 __-10- 本紙張尺度適中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21G X 297公爱 --·--Γ.--hi — — — — --- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ·. -線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1 局 員 工 消 費 478015 五、發明說明(8 ) 及煞的考里,该漂泥區域以上與以下的總絕緣厚度各使斥 現在的技術可被增加至約4_5微米,雖然該發明係表達爲不 限万;此厚度將文到瞭解,亦應瞭解因在該絕緣區域^的遷 厚部份38B處僅可加以形成至約爲2微米的一個厚度,故爲 了達到用於-給定的應用的上絕緣層之想要總厚度,該上 絶緣區的想要總厚度的其餘部份將從介電層42加以形成。 _該發明的另一個應用亦加以顯示於圖3之簡化的橫剖面 不圖中’因爲圖3中所顯示的該裝置構造的較低部份係與圖 2中所顯示的裝置構造所有者完全相同,類似的元件被指定 爲類似的參考數字,該裝置的此部份將更進—步地加以詳 述於此,該圖3的構造與圖2中所顯示者之不同處在於該場 板包極44不僅延伸至右(44Α)方亦延伸左(44…方,並且向 下延伸至8〇1層26穿過疊覆層中之_通孔以接觸源極區域 28以及閘極電極36以外的表面接觸區4Q,此結構且備減少 二結構的米勒(Miner)電容的額外優點,且應注意此結構 U中该閘極電極與場板電極係爲電氣式地獨 藝二該場板係爲該問極電極之一整體延= 、不把自此電氣式地獨立)中加以達成。 :發曰::前述方式提供了可在高電壓’冑電流的環境下 特之一電晶體裝置構造,但是強化作業參數而且 特别疋擊穿電壓。 =明:特別地參照其之數個較佳具體實例加以顯示 /曰敘以時,對於那些熟習於該技藝者將瞭解在不偏離該發 明的精神或範疇之下可能作成無數在 ' 仏〜八與砰細上的改變 L_______ -11 - 本紙張尺度翻中國g^^s)A4規格⑽x 297公互
I 478015 A7 B7 五、發明說明(9 ) ,於此專例申請案中應瞭解在一元件之前的字na’’或nan"並 不排除數個如此元件的出現,而該字ncomprising"並不排除 那些加以敘述或申請專利的其他元件或步驟的出現。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
Claims (1)
- A BCD 478015 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置,包含一半導體基質 (22),一於該基質上之埋藏絕緣層(24)以及一於該基質上 之SOI層(26)中之一橫向電晶體裝置;並且具有與第一型 所有者相反之一第二導電型的一個本體區域(30)内所形 成之一第一導電型的一個源極區(28),鄰近該本體區之 該第一導電型之一橫向漂移區(32),藉由該橫向漂移區 與該本體區分隔之該第一導電型之一汲極區(34),以及 該本體區之一部份之上的一個閘極電極(36)(其中一通道 區係在作業期間加以形成且在鄰近該本體區於該橫向漂 移區之一部份上延伸),該閘極電極藉由一絕緣區(3 8, 3 8 A)至少實質上與該鄰近的本體區以及漂移區絕緣;更 包含該絕緣區之至少一部份與該閘極電極上之一介電層 (42),以及該介電層之至少一部份上之一場板電極(44, 44A)(其直接與該絕緣區接觸),該場板電極係直接加以 連接至該橫向電晶體裝置之一電極(3 6,28)。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 ,其中該介電層與該絕緣區之一總厚度約係等於該埋藏 絕緣層之一厚度。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 ,其中該總厚度係至少各為約2微米以上。 4. 如申請專利範圍第2項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 ,其中該閘極電極延伸超過該橫向漂移區之一半。 5·如申請專利範圍第2項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 ,其中該場板電極(44)係加以連接至該橫向電晶體裝置 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐)478015 A BCD 六、申請專利範圍 之閘極電極(36,36A)。 6. 如申請專利範圍第2項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 ,其中該場板電極(44)係加以連接至該橫向電晶體裝置 之源極電極(28)。 7. 如申請專利範圍第2項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 ,其中該閘極電極包含多晶矽,該場板電極包含金屬, 該絕緣區域包含一熱氧化物以及該介電層包含一沉積介 電。 8. 如申請專利範圍第2項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 ,其中該橫向電晶體裝置包含一 LDMOS電晶體。 9. 如申請專利範圍第2項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 ,其中該橫向電晶體裝置包含一 LIGB電晶體。 10. 如申請專利範圍第2項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 ,其中該橫向電晶體裝置包含一 JFET電晶體。 11. 如申請專利範圍第1項之橫向薄膜絕緣層上矽(SOI)裝置 # ,其中該介電層與該絕緣區之一總厚度以及該埋藏層之 一厚度係加以選擇,以便使得在沿著該SOI層之任何橫向 位置處,於該SOI層的表面處之一垂直電場約等於或少於 鄰近埋藏層之SOI層底部處之一垂直電場。 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/343,912 US6346451B1 (en) | 1997-12-24 | 1999-06-30 | Laterial thin-film silicon-on-insulator (SOI) device having a gate electrode and a field plate electrode |
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TW478015B true TW478015B (en) | 2002-03-01 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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TW089117153A TW478015B (en) | 1999-06-30 | 2000-08-25 | Lateral thin-film silicon-on-insulator (SOI) device having a gate electrode and a field plate electrode |
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US (1) | US6346451B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1118125A1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2003504854A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100719301B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1175496C (zh) |
TW (1) | TW478015B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2001003201A1 (zh) |
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-
2000
- 2000-06-27 CN CNB008012474A patent/CN1175496C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-06-27 EP EP00943905A patent/EP1118125A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-06-27 JP JP2001508512A patent/JP2003504854A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-06-27 WO PCT/EP2000/005956 patent/WO2001003201A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-06-27 KR KR1020017002479A patent/KR100719301B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
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CN1175496C (zh) | 2004-11-10 |
KR100719301B1 (ko) | 2007-05-17 |
JP2003504854A (ja) | 2003-02-04 |
CN1318208A (zh) | 2001-10-17 |
WO2001003201A1 (en) | 2001-01-11 |
KR20010073010A (ko) | 2001-07-31 |
US6346451B1 (en) | 2002-02-12 |
EP1118125A1 (en) | 2001-07-25 |
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