TW455824B - Radio frequency identification tag apparatus and related method - Google Patents

Radio frequency identification tag apparatus and related method Download PDF

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Publication number
TW455824B
TW455824B TW088115664A TW88115664A TW455824B TW 455824 B TW455824 B TW 455824B TW 088115664 A TW088115664 A TW 088115664A TW 88115664 A TW88115664 A TW 88115664A TW 455824 B TW455824 B TW 455824B
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Taiwan
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antenna element
integrated circuit
coupled
patent application
rfid tag
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TW088115664A
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English (en)
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Victor Allen Vega
Noel H Eberhardt
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Motorola Inc
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07773—Antenna details
    • G06K19/07786—Antenna details the antenna being of the HF type, such as a dipole
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07773—Antenna details
    • G06K19/07788—Antenna details the antenna being of the capacitive type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S29/00—Metal working
    • Y10S29/001—Method or apparatus involving adhesive
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49016—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making
    • Y10T29/49018—Antenna or wave energy "plumbing" making with other electrical component

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Cash Registers Or Receiving Machines (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Description

455824 五、發明說明⑴ ~— j 相關申請案之前後參照 本案係一由Ted Geiszler等人於1995年10月11日所申巧 之共同讓渡之預先美國第08/540, 8 1 3號專利申請案之追加 :案，代理人編號IND0 0 7 0 1，名稱為「遠程供電之電子標藏 !及關聯激勵器/閱讀機與相關方法」，此預先申請索之揭 示係藉參考而因此原原本本地予以納入且具有—為其被十 分完全地陳述在本文中相同之效果。 又本素係一由Victor Allen Vega等人於1998年2月27曰 所申請之共同讓渡之預先美國第0 9 / 0 3 1 , 8 4 8號專利申請案 之追加案，代理人編號I ND 1 0 1 53，名稱為「使用所配置之 標籤用以耦合於地之射頻辨識標籤系統」，此預先申請案 之揭示係藉參考而因此原原本本地予以納入且具有一為其 被十分完全地陳述在本文中相同之效果。 又’本案係一由Victor Allen Vega等人於1998年3月12 ;曰所申請之共同讓渡之預先美國第〇9/〇41，48〇號專利申請 案之追加案，代理人編號I N D1 0 1 4 6，名稱為「被配置用以 磁性ί諸存標籤狀態資訊之射頻辨識標籤」，此預先申請案 丨之揭示係藉參考而因此原原本本地予以納入且具有一為其 被十分完全地陳述在本文中相同之效果。 ; 又’本案係〆由Victor Allen Vega等人於1998年3月20 曰所申請之共同讓渡之預先美國第09/045, 357號專利申請 案之追加案，代理人編號丨ND丨〇丨74 ,名稱為「具有—可程 式電路狀態之射頻辨識標籤」，此預先申請案之揭示係藉 參考而因此原原本本地予以納入且具有一為其被十分完全
45 582 4 五、發明說明（2) 地陳述在本文 本發明大致 ：法，及特別關 丨識標籤及關聯 遠程供電之 Geiszl.er 等人 i號專利案則揭 丨及然後使用電 1 一遠程電源之 裝置皆通常被 稍早RF丨D標 裝置及以一激 勵器系統產生 存資訊在内之 裝置所產生之 習知電礙轉 盪器及一在教 裝置之遠程榡 中，激勵電路 定在一含有電 信號。激勵作 使用電磁或靜 中相同之效果。 發明範圍 上關於靜電射頻辨識標籤之一種裝置及方 方' 種鴻扁平’撓性’可印刷之靜電射頻辨 之方法。 發明背景 電子裝置及相關系統皆習知。例如頒給 ’名稱為接近偵測裝置之美國第5 , 〇 0 9，2 7 7 示—使用電磁耦合以自—遠程電源導出電力 磁及靜電耦合以發射儲存資料至一經常配有 接收機之遠程供電裝置。此遠程供電之通訊 稱為射頻辨識（R F I D)標籤。 籤及系統主要使用電磁耦合以遠程供電遠程 勵器系統及一接收機系統耦合遠程裝置。激 —用來電力開啟裝置及使裝置發射一包括儲 信號之電硫激勵信號。接收機則接收由遠程 信號。 合機構包括一作為激勵器系統之一部分之振 勵器系統及使用包括一電子電路在内之辨識 籤上之線圈形天線。例如，在一較早系統 係連接於一線形天線，該天線則放射由一固 子電路之標籤上之線圈形天線所接收之激勵 號乃激勵電路’該電路然後提供一被發射至 電耦合之接收機之資訊電路，該電路然後提
第7頁 455824 五、發明說明（3) 供一被發射至使用電磁或靜電耦合之接收機之資訊載運信 號>。 借助於一遠程裝置及一激勵器或一接收機之間之電磁耦 合之一個問題已經涉及到利用一線圈形天線之遠程裝置之 製造之複雜性° 一典型線圈形天線之螺旋設計使之更難以 製作，增加成本以及遠程裝置之尺寸。線圈形天線需要有 效性能之精確公差。另外，典型線圈形天線具有特別影響 產生一包括線圈之扁平標籤或遠程裝置之能力之不合要求 之熱壓縮特性。 射頻辨識標籤及關聯系統具有極多用途。例如，射頻辨 _識標籤皆常用於保護安全建築物及區域之自動門警備應用 i之個人辨識上。這些標籤經常採用入口控制卡之形式。儲 I存在射頻辨識標籤上之資訊則辨識尋找至安全建築物及區 ；域之入口之人員。較老舊自動門警備應用需要接近建築物 之人員將其辨識標籤插入或通過系統之一閱讀機以自辨識 標籤讀出資訊。較新近之射頻辨識標籤系統則用射頻資料 傳輸技術使射頻辨識標籤在短距離内被讀出。最典型者， ;用戶僅拿住射頻辨識標籤靠近一耦合於防護建築物或區域 |之保全系統之基地站而已。基地站發射出一激勵信號至供 電射頻辨識標籤上所容納之電路之射頻辨識標籤。為響應 於激勵信號起見，電路則自射頻辨識標籤傳送所儲存之資 | 訊至接收及解碼資訊之基地站。資訊讀出係由保合系統予 以使用以決定進出是否適當。又，射頻辨識標籤可以一預 :定方式由一被適當調變之激勵信號予以遠程地寫入。
I |
第8頁 Λ55824 五、發明說明（4) 除開人員之進出控制之典型應用外，R F I D標籤可用於電 子動物辨識，行李追蹤包裹追蹤，庫存管理應用，資產辨 識及追蹤，及包括物件之辨識之其他應用。這些應用包括 自標籤發射所储存之資訊至一與一標籤很接近之激勵器/ 讀出機系統。又，此等應用之KF I丨）標籤可包括至一標籤之 ,寫入資訊。此等應用之R F〖D標籤對臨時用途可能需要為耐 I長期使用或處理者。 在人員及事物之辨識之應用中，條碼機幾乎是普遍地被 應用著。條碼之產生係極低廉的。然，與條碼及條碼閱讀 :機相關聯之一個問題為條碼必須與條碼閱讀機精確對準以 ：便被讀出。與條碼有關之另一個問題為條碼由於損害，例 如對濕氣之暴露，或出於使用之磨損可能變成不能閱讀。 丨R F I D標籤則提出若干條碼之缺點。 除了需要經由射頻傳輸發射所儲存之資訊外，一 RF I D標 ；籤最好常具有人員易見之標記，包括印刷資訊，語言，相 片或其他之印刷或圖表資料在内。在許多應用中，所印刷 ：之標記必須為單一用途定製，使印刷或相反地標記直接置 :放在RF 11)標籤上之性能成為必要。這需要RF I D標籤為非常 薄，非常平及可撓以便可與包括印模昇高印刷，喷墨印刷 及橡皮版印刷在内之現行印刷技術相容。結合線圈之預先 R F I D標籤皆被限制在其為平，薄及可繞之性能，但未提及 相關聯之成本。這已限制其性能為印刷，特別是在靠近線 圈形天線之區域。 因此，一種薄，平坦，可撓的，可印刷之射頻辨識標籤
第9頁 465824 五 '發明說明（5) 是有必要的。 圖式簡單說明 圖1 ，係一根據本發明之一較佳具體實例之射頻辨識標 籤之一底視圖。 ; 圖2係圖1之標籤之一前視圖。 I 圖3係沿線3-3所取之圖1之標籤之橫斷面圖。 圖4係一根據本發明之替代較佳具體實例之射頻辨識標 藏之一橫斷面圖。 圖5係一根據本發明（其中標籤係由塑料注射成型法予以 ::形成）之替代較佳具體實例之射頻辨識標籤之一橫斷面 | 圖。 圖6係一根據本發明（其中標籤係用背膠之標號成品予以 丨形成）之替代較佳具體實例之射頻辨識標籤之一橫斷面 圖。 圖7係一根據本發明（其中標籤包括一填料層以形成一極 平標籤）之替代較佳具體實例之一射頻辨識標籤之一橫斷 面圖。 圖8係一根據本發明（其中標籤包括一空腔用以承納一積 1體電路）以替代較佳具體實例之射頻辨識標籤之一橫斷面 圖。 圖9係一根據本發明（其中一插入器係用來將一積體電路 耦合於標籤）之替代較佳具體實例之射頻辨識標籤之一橫
I 斷面圖。 i 圖丨0係示於圖9中之插入器及積體電路之一平面圖。
第10頁 〇__5—S. 2 At ________________________________________________________________________ 五、發明說明（6) 圖1 1係一根據一替代較佳具體實例（其中天線元件之配 置則有變動）之射頻辨識標籤之底視圖。 圖1 2係一根據本發明例示一射頻辨識標籤系統之方塊 ：圖。 圖1 3係一根據本發明之一替代較佳具體實例之另一射頻 丨辨識標藏系統之方塊圖。 ; 圖1 4係一種用於圖1 3之系統中之射頻辨識標籤。 較佳具體實施例之詳細說明 簡言之，一種射頻辨識標籤包括一具有内表面及外表面 之基材構件。配置在基材構件之内表面上者係一第一天線 元件及一第二天線元件。第一及第二天線元件皆相互予以
I 電隔離及皆耦合於一積體電路上之兩單獨襯墊。積體電路 :包括一電源電路，該電源電路則經由第一及第二天線元件 !響應於耦合在至積體電路上諸襯墊之空間上方之靜電電壓 而產生積體電路上之電子之一電源電壓。在一個具體實例 !中，為了將標籤機在人員或事物上，黏合劑係塗在基材之 ；内表面之至少一部分，第一及第二天線元件與積體元件 i上。在另一具體實例中，一保護層係固定於基材構件之内 表面以蓋住積體電路。如本文中所討論者，廣大變化之非 導電材料皆用於基材。及廣大變化之導電材料皆用於第一 及第二天線元件。射頻辨識標籤最好用資訊予以程式化及 亦用像是正文，圖形或照片之標記予以印刷。射頻辨識標 籤在辨識人員及事物之應用上具有無數之用途。 圖1顯示根攄本發明之一射頻辨識標籤1 0 0之一具體實例
A55B2 4 五、發明說明（7) 之背面。標籤100具有一基材110，一第一天線元件112， 一第二天線元件1 1 4及一積體電路1 1 6。基材1 1 〇則提供一 基底用以固定標藏1 0 0之組件。在基材11 〇之一後表面1 〇 9 上所形成者皆係第一天線元件1 1 2及第二天線之元件1丨4。 第一及第二天線1 ] 2 , 1 1 4皆相互予以電隔離。積體電路 1丨G包含與標籤1 0 〇相關聯之電子及係經由積體電路】丨6上 t諸^ , t示出）而予以搞合於第一天線元件1 1 2及第二天 件1 12，丨丨4上用以H係在基材110之後表面109及天線元 屮'“籤1〇〇連接至另一表面或物件（未示 標籤100之前表面Π1 圖2顯示射頻辨螞 作士見从η η 丨4標籤100之正面 面予以形成。較佳者，基材丨丨0之前表 之正文，照片，圖形或其他易見之標 係由基材1 1 0之前表^ 面1 11具有包括所印 記在内之標記1 2 0。 橫斷面圖β如 天線元件1 1 2及 圖3係一沿圖1之碎 圖3中最佳瞭解，第杯3所取之標籤100之 在基材110上。積#红及第一天線兀件丨12，114皆係配置 W I m體電路1 1 6係耗合於第 弟一天線几件1 1 4 β〜 之表面’第一及第_黏合劑1 1 8則置放在包括積體電路1 1 6 在内之標籤上任何天線凡件1 1 2 ’ 1 1 4及基材1 1 0之表面 於圖3中作為—連績放用或暴露之表面丨。黏合劑118係示 何其任何形式之點入而非黏合劑之點滴，一薄膜或任 標籤1 0 0具有一大致0 一劑係一適當之基材。圖卜3中所示之 構形則視應用而變/角之構形。然而，標籤100之形狀及 匕°又標籤1 0 0之厚度有變動及僅係由
第12頁 -----------------------—. ------ ------------------------------‘ .......... 五、發明說明（8) ;基材110，第一及第二天線元件112，114及積體電路116之 ；厚度予以限制。 基材丨1 0提供標籤1 0 0之基底。基材丨1 0係由任何非導電 組件組成"基材1 1 0之適當材料包括紙，醋酸鹽，聚酯， ：聚乙烯，聚丙烯，具有碳酸鹽鈣之聚丙烯，聚氣乙烯，丙 I烯腈丁二烯笨乙烯（A BS )及塑膠。基材1 1 0之材料之選擇將 i全視應用而變化"例如，因為標籤100係可處理之一項應 丨用，故基材1 1 0最好為紙。因為標籤1 0 0係可耐用及可再使 用之一項應用，例如像一入口控制卡，故基材110最好為 j塑膠，聚氣乙烯或聚乙烯9 基材110係可能由一網膜材料或由一材料之離散部份予 丨以形成。用於基材110之材料之較佳形式則全視標籤100之 應用及用來製造標籤1 0 0之方法而不同。例如，為了使用 一網膜印刷方法製造標籤1 0 0，基材1 1 0最好係由紙或其他 材料之捲式網膜形成。可選擇者，例如，基材1 1 0係由紙 j 或其他材料之一扇摺式網膜形成。 ； 第一及第二天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4係由許多適當導體材料形 1成。天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4之傳導率可能隨少許或無效能退化 而非常不同。例如，具有自每平方0歐姆至每平方5 0 0 K歐 姆之傳導率之天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4皆可供唯讀用途操作。具 有自0至1 0 0歐姆之傳導率之天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4皆可供讀/ 寫用途操作。天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4之適當材料包括導電油 :墨，線，或一導電金屬材料。更特別者，天線元件1 1 2， 丨1 4之適當材料包括銅，石墨，金屬化聚酯，鋁，銀墨及
第13頁 455824 五、發明說明（9) ~~ . ... 碳墨。天線元件1 1 2，Π 4則使用包括印刷，叠層，黏合固 ^ 及况積在内之任何適當方法而予以置放在基材1 1 〇 亡。天線元件1 1 2，1丨4之形狀係不予限制，但較佳者，就 =佳效能言，天線元件112，114大致上用盡基材11〇上所 I用之表面區域。天線元件112 , U4之阻 :選：：=式及因所選材料之尺寸及濃度而不同例 種用用於天線元件112，1M上，導電油墨之多 射頻辨識標^變阻抗特性。不像依靠電磁柄合之前導子 積體Ah，元件112 ’ m皆非—線圈。 應一靜電激勵哭G古用以電力開啟射頻辨識標籤及用以響 路。對若干用^，號之接收而發送一儲存信號或資訊之電 寫入標籤内來響^ & ，積體電路1 1 6包括電路以將新資訊 功能則在以下二於—靜電激勵器信號。積體電路11 6之 黏合膠1 1 8係用1 2〜1 3予以再討論之。 膠丨18之適當材料^將標籤1〇〇固定至一物件或表面。黏合 合膠1 1 8係一非導括非導電及導電黏合膠。較佳者，黏 蓋標籤之整個現有傳送黏合膠膜。黏合膠1 1 8係以包括覆 一些組件之任付方，面區域及連帶之組件或僅覆蓋標籤之 各向同性黏合劑（四1予以塗在標籤1 〇 〇上。然而，如果一 以一並不在第—及四面八方導電）係被使用時，黏合膠必須 路徑之方式予以塗數二天線元件丨1 2，1 14之間提供一導電 積體電路lliwf ° 1 14之間一電連接，凡許在積體電路丨16及天線元件112， 使天線1 1 2，1 1 4相互隔離之任何方 455824 五 '發明說明（10) --------- 式予似耦合於第—天線Π2及第二天線1 14。一種用以將積 體電路116耦合於天線112，n4之較佳方法係一如圖3中所 不向「Z」方向導電之導電各向異性之黏合膠。可替代 i者1只要被用來耦合第一天線112之各向同性之黏合膠係 丨與被用來耦合第二天線1 1 4之各向同性之黏合膠隔離就 i 1使用一各向同性黏合膠。一種用以將積體電路丨丨6耦合 夂天線1 1 2 1 1 1 4之替代方法係用雙面，導電壓敏黏合勝 帶。—較佳各向異性黏合膠帶為由明尼蘇達州明尼拿波尼 |斯之3M公司所售之型號9 70 3。一較佳之各向同性黏合帶為 !由加尼福尼亞州，Ablest ik of Ramcho Don〗inguez所售之 ，型唬3 3 5 - 1。像另一替代者，一各向異性黏合膠係在連接 丨積’AA電路1 1 6如被塗敷在天線1 1 2 ’ 1 1 4之整個，或所選之 I部份及基材1 1 〇之背後表面上方。因而，各向異性黏合膠 提供（1 )將積體電路1 1 6辆合於天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4及（2 )將 標籤1 0 0連接於一物件或人員（即黏合膠丨丨8之功能）之雙功 能。
I 圖4顯示一根據本發明之射頻標籤2 0 0之另一具體實例之 一橫斷面圖D標籤2 〇 〇之正視及底視圖皆與圖2中所示之標 :籤1 〇 〇之正視圖相似’當然除了標籤上之標記不同。橫斷 面圖係沿一相當於圖1之線3 - 3之線予以取得。標籤2 0 〇係 ;與標籤1 0 0相似，只是一覆蓋層2 〇 2係用來覆蓋積體電路 | 116 ’第一及第二天線元件Π2，114及基材110之背後表 面109。覆蓋層202具有與基材11〇相同之表面區域。覆蓋 層2 0 2係任何適當材料及最好具有一平表面，其上則形成
第15頁 45582 4 五、發明說明（π) ~ 有印刷之標記。覆蓋層2 〇 2之適當材料包括紙，醋酸鹽， 丨中、Ss t乙姊，t丙缚，具有破酸鹽的之聚丙歸i ,聚氣乙 I烯，ABS ’塑膠’電氣絕緣帶，或任何適當非導電構件。 圖5顯示一根據.本發明之射頻辨識標籤3 〇 〇之另一具體實 :例之一橫斷面圖。射頻辨識標籤3〇〇係與標籤1〇〇，2〇〇相 :似，只是一覆蓋層3 0 2係在整個基材丨1 〇，天線元件丨丨2， ;Μ 4及積體電路1 1 G附近及上方予以提供。標籤3 〇 〇之正視 及底規圖係與圓2中所示標籤1 〇 〇之正視圖相類似，當然， ;除了標籤上之標記不同。橫斷面圖則係沿一相當於圖丨之 :線3 — 3之線予以取得。覆蓋層3 0 2係最好由塑料注射成型法 予以形成及基材1 1 0最好係一成規。最好，成規係一被插 ;入一注射或傳遞模内之預印之標籤及用塑膠予以封裝。 圖6顯示一個提供一由背膠標籤材料作成之射頻辨識標 籤3 5 0之本發明之具體實例之一橫斷面圖。更特別者，一 基材構件3 52及一覆蓋層354兩者皆出自背膠標籤材料。基 |材構件3 5 2係由一基極層356 ’ 一黏合膠層358及一活動分 !離襯墊36 0構成。同樣者’覆蓋層3 54係由一基極層362及 一黏合層364構成。一活動分離襯墊（未示出）業已自覆蓋 ，層354移除以允許覆蓋層354之黏合膠連接至標籤350。天 !線元件Η 2 ’ Π 4係配置在基材構件352之基極層35(5上及積 :體電路1 1 6係辆合於天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4。覆蓋層3 5 4最好具 :有配置在其表面上之標記。基極層35(3，362皆由包括以上 所討論用作基材1丨〇或覆蓋層2 02之材料在内之任何適當材 ；料形成。釋放襯墊3 6 〇之習用材料皆會予以使用。黏合勝
第16頁 45 582 4 ....... 五'發明說明（12) 層3 58，3(34皆係包括可分離及永久黏合膠在内之任何 黏合膠。 $ 圖1 -6中所示之發明之具體實例形成比較平坦，薄及可 橈射頻辨識標籤。這些標籤皆適於由若干包括印模昇高印 丨剐，橡皮板印刷，網模印刷，網版印刷及格板傳遞印二在 内之印刷方法予以印刷而無需修正印刷方法。 圖1 -6中所示之發明之具體實例由於積體電路η 6之厚度 可能在外表面中有些不均句度，而此不均勻度並未延伸通 I過標籤之整個表面H域。此不均句度有時在標籤被堆叠處 i加劇。在有些應用中，可能有一優以防止因積體電路1 i 6 丨之厚度所引起之不均勻度< 圖7顯示提供一非常平的射頻辨識標籤4〇〇及提出可能由 積體電路1 1 6所引起之較小不均勻度之本發明之一具體實 ;例之一検斷面圖。標籤4〇〇具有包括正表面〗n及背表面 | 1〇9之基材11〇。天線元件U2，114皆在背面丨〇9上及積體 :备路116係搞合於天線元件112 , U4。—填料層4〇2支承在 丨，件]12 ’114及一覆蓋層404之間。除了 一小孔4〇6係 :納積體電路之大小之填料層402中形成外， 炉二^ f具有—與基材1 1 0及覆蓋層4 0 4相類似之構 ^ a可/者’填料層402係由配置鄰接積體電路1 1 6之多 搆成最佳表，填料層402具有一厚度等於積體電路 ! b之厚度吃。填料層4〇2係以包括以摩擦方 <，黏合膠方 丨:及用登層方式在内之任何適當方式固定在基材110及 ;覆蓋層4 0 4之間。
Λ5582 4 * . · . ****** - ——— —· ...... —... — — - —-------—·_ ........——----------—-—---------—-·— —-- - w,’ 五、發明說明（13) 圖7中所示之具體實例係特別有用，其中標籤4 〇 〇係合併 成一行李標籤或具有多層或片之其他型式，例如多層複本 或相同型式之「複寫副本」。基材1 1 0係為型式之一層； .霞蓋層404作為型式之另一層；及填料層402作為型式之另 一層。填料層4 0 2係空白及無作用或有作用，像例如作為 型式之另一複寫副本。 圖8顯示提供一非常平的射頻辨識標籤5 0 0之本發明之另 1 一具體實例之橫斷面圖。標籤5 0 0由於積體電路之存在而 減少或消除標籤之表面中之任何不均勻度。標籤5 〇 〇包括 具有正表面1 1 1及背表面1 0 9之基材1 1 0。天線元件1 1 2， I 1 1 4皆配置在背表面丨〇 9上及積體電路丨丨6係耦合於天線元 件1 12，1 14。一覆蓋層504覆蓋基材1 10之背表面log，天 :線元件1 1 2 ’ 1 1 4及積體電路1 1 6。如以上所討論之關於其 |他具體實例之覆蓋層，覆蓋層504係以任何適當方式予以 i固定於其他組件°覆蓋層504具有一凹口部份或凹穴506。 I當維持覆蓋層5 04之一平面表面時凹穴5 0 6最好作成以承納 |積體電路1 1 6之大小。凹穴5 〇 6具有矩形或方形構形以與積 ;體電路π 6之形狀相合’或可替代者，凹穴5 0 6係圓形或具 有 延伸覆盖層504之表面之軌道。覆蓋層504係由包括用 作基材1 1 0及覆蓋層2 〇 2之以上所列之材料在内之任何適當 i材料予以形成。 I 在圖卜8中所示之本發明之具體實例中，積體電路1 1 6係 :顯不直接連接於第一及第二天線元件1丨2，1 1 4。此項直接 連接需要積體電路1 1 6與適當天線元件之精密對準。更精
第18頁 45 582 4 五、發明說明（丨4) 確者，積體電路1 1 6上之襯墊必須小心地與天線元件1 1 2， 1】4對準。積體電路1 1 6上之襯墊皆像π 0平方密耳一樣小 或更小，能阻止精確地作成一連接。圖9 - 1 0中所示本發明 之具體實例使用一稱為一「插入器」6 〇 〇之中間者以將積 體電路1 1 6連接於一射頻辨識標籤中之天線元件1丨2， Π 4。插入器6 0 0減少所需要精密度以便成功地將積體電路 丨1 6耦合於天線元件1丨2，1 1 4。用費用少之更多方法使 I R F Π)標籤之製造容易。 圖10係插入器600之前邊之一平面圖。插入器600具有一 I基材6 0 2。配置在基材6 0 2上之襯墊係一第一插入器連接墊 丨604及一第二插入器連接墊6〇6。配置在及耦合於第一及第 二插入器連接墊604，606者係積體電路116。如圖9中最佳 瞭解’積體電路1 1 6係固定於第一及第二插入器連接塾 6 (M，6 06，此等連接墊皆同樣分別固定及耦合於第—及第 二天線元件1 1 2，丨1 4。此使積體電路1 1 6及第一與第二 線元件1 1 2，1 1 4間之一電連接容易。基材602係任何、南〇 材料，包括用作為基材1 1 〇之上述材料在内。同樣者^田 入器連接墊6 0 4 ’ 6 0 6皆係任何適當材料，包括以上 於第一及第二天線元件1 1 2 ’ 1 1 4之材料在内，積體電關 1 1 6係使用一黏合膠或任何接合技術，包括上述 '祖電路耦合於天線元件1丨2，11 4之黏合膠在内而予以 γ 或接合於插入器連接墊6〇4, 60(3。 固定 圖1 1係顯示一標籤70 0之一底視圖之本發明之—可 較佳具體實例。標籤70 0具有配置在基材71〇上之*姑代 八線元件
455824 :五、發明說明（15) 7 1 2 ’ 7 1 4。積體電路丨1 G具有配置及耦合於天線元件7 1 2， Ή 4。標籤7 0 0在其組件上則相當於標籤1 〇 〇，只是電線元 :伴7丨2 ’ 7 I 4之配置係與天線元件丨1 2，1 1 4之配置不同而 |已。更特別者，天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4則形成一 「弓形結」型 ;樣而天線元件7 1 2，7 1 4形成一「棋盤」型樣。標籤7 〇 〇最 好係在其可能以如圖1 1中所示之地72 0為準予以定向之應 !用方面。在此定向上，天線元件之一，在此情形下天線元 沣7丨2係較另一天線元件’在此情形下為天線元件7丨4更接 ；近地。棋盤型樣則有利地在標籤7 0 0之全部轉動之天線元 ί件與地之間維持相對關係。 圖1 2係一例示一包括激勵器8 0 2，閱讀機8 0 4及積體電路 ]1 6在内之射頻辨識標籤系統800之方塊圖。激勵器8〇2係 :耦合於一第一靜電天線元件8 0 6及一第二靜電天線元件 8 0 8。閱讀機8 0 4係柄合於一靜電天線元件8 1 0。積體電路 ]1 6係轉合於一第一靜電天線元件1 1 2及一第二靜電天線元 件1 1 4。激勵器產生一被録電耦合於自靜電線元件8 6 t 8 0 8至靜電天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4之積體電路11 6之信號。由激 丨勵器802所產生之信號可包括為被寫入至積體電路116之資 i訊。為響應於來自激勵器802之信號，電路116供給電子電 力，寫八適當資訊及經由靜電天線元件8 1 0產生一被靜電 耦合在至閱讀機8 0 4之空中之讀信號。閱讀機8 〇 4讀出信號 以將供由其他系統（未示出）使用之資訊解碼。 : 積體電路1 1 6包括一整流器及電源電路8 1 4，一寫入解碼 ；器816，一控制器818，一記憶體820，一調變器822及一時
第20頁 4. 5 5 8 2 4 五、發明說明（16) - 脓柚取電路8 24。整流器及電源電路8 1 4係耦合天線元件 Π 2 ’ Π 4以接收來自激勵器802之靜電耦合之信號。此交 ⑽《a "ft ( A _ C.)信號係由整流器及電源電路8 1 4予以整流以 &丨’、因此被调節以供給積體電路1 1 6之一電源電壓V +之 直流C.)信號。來自激勵器80 2之八c信號係傳至寫入 解碼器8 1 6 °寫入解碼器8 1 6係耦合於控制器8 1 8。寫入解 碼器8丨G將來自激勵器8〇2之信號解碼成一寫入命令。控制 w Y ^則控制—為響應於一適當信號或來自激勵器8 0 2之寫 入°ρ 7而被寫入及（或）為響應於一來自激勵器8 〇 2之適當 信號而被讀出之記憶體820。記憶體82〇储存數位資訊。自 記憶體820讀出之資訊係由調變器8 22予以調變，該調變器 則提供一被靜電耦合至天線元件u 2，u 4之至少一個以便 由閱讀機804予以接收之信號。時脈抽取電路824則根據自 激勵器802所接收之A，C,信號產生積體電路1 16之一時鐘信 號。 。 圖12中所示之積體電路11(3係一用於一個可讀出及寫入 之射頻辨識標籤中之電路。一種可讀出及寫入之較佳射頻 辨識電路係可自新澤西州，Basking Ridge iTemic N〇rU A in e r l c a公司得到之τ e m | c e 5 5 5 0電路晶片。因為一積體電 路係唯讀’故寫入解碼器8丨6乃無需予以包括在内用以決 定寫入指令。用於一唯讀射頻辨識標籤之一較佳積體電路 係可自Motorola Indala公司，3041 Orchard Parkway，
San Jose， California 95 1 34 得到之 Indala 1341 電路晶 片。 曰
第21頁 4 5 5 8 2 4- 五'發明說明（17) 圖1 3係一例示一根據本發明之替代射頻辨識標籤系統 9 0 0之方塊圖。射頻辨識標籤系統9 0 0包括一稍為修正之積 體電路1 1 6 ’ 。系統9 0 0係與系統8 0 0相類似只是積體電路 1 1 6 ’之調變器8 2 2係不耦合於第二靜電天線元件1 1 4，但卻 耦合於一單獨靜電天線元件9 0 2。本具體實例有利地具有 | 一專供資料傳輸用之單獨靜電天線元件902。 圖1 4係一根據本發明之射頻標籤1 0 0 0之另一具體實例之 一底視圖。標籤1 0 0 0結合積體電路1 1 6 ’及因此具有一在基 材1丨0上所形成之第三靜電天線元件9 0 2 °靜電天線元件 :9 0 2最好定置在靜電天線元件1 1 2，1 1 4之間。因耦合在激 :勵器靜電天線元件及標籤靜電天線元件1 1 2，11 4之雙極 子，故第三靜電天線元件9 0 2最好係定置在位於來自激勵 器之信號大致上相互抵消之信號之一點上之天線1 1 2，1 1 4 I間一盲區内。 丨 根據本發明之射頻辨識標籤對於許多應用係有用的，包 括自動門警衛應用，遊樂園，運動競赛項目，音樂會，滑 _雪勝地，度假勝地之人員辨識及其他包括人員辨識及應得 權利之應用。此外，根據本發明之射頻辨識標籤對於物件 :辨識像財產追蹤，庫存管理，郵寄標籤，動物辨識，行李 追蹤，包裹追蹤及其他包括事物之辨識或與事物有關之儲 存資訊之應用係有用的。
第22頁 4 5 5—824___ _________ 五、發明說明（18) 頻辨識標籤皆很平，薄及可撓性及因此適合用標準印刷方 法印刷。 根據本發明之靜電射頻辨識標籤則較業已傳統地用於人 員及物品之辨識之條碼及條碼閱讀機有一定之優點。具體 言之，因一射頻辨識標籤中所儲存之資訊係儲存在一積體 電路中而非在標籤上所印刷之標記中，故所儲存之資訊不 會因標籤上之磨損而遭受腐敗及毀壞°此外，根據本發明 之一射頻辨識標籤中之一可閱讀及可寫入之積體電路之結 合有利地使與人或事有關聯之資訊予以輕易更新。條碼皆 ：限於這方面。 根據本發明使用射頻辨識標藏之典型應用需要標籤予以
I |程式化及印刷。就若干應用而言，標籤皆予以完全程控 之。就其他應用而言，標籤皆恰在使用前予以程控俾結合 唯一或關於與標籤有關之人或事之某種資訊。因此，最好 能印刷及程控一標籤而不憑藉複雜製造方法。根據本發明 |之平坦的，可印刷之標籤皆易於程控及印刷供一特殊用途 用。 ! 例如，根據本發明之一標籤係可使用作為滑雪勝地，遊 I樂園，運動競賽項目，音樂會或其他競赛項目之入場券或 通行證。在這些應用中，最好具有被預先程控進入一標籤 之某些資料，例如競賽項目之辨識及可能有一與標籤相關 之辨識號碼。標籤最好在一表面上具有由印刷的或其他可 見之標記所顯示之相同程控之資料。在由個人使用標籤 前，標籤係用關於個人之資料予以程控之。例如，標籤係
ο 5 8 2 4 五、發明說明（19) 用個人之姓名，地址，社會安全號碼，信號卡號 他關於個人之資料予以程控。在程控以後；標籤 以讀出以查對所要程控之資料係予以適當儲存。 係予以適當地程控時，然後標籤係予以印刷或在 置有標記在標籤上。較佳者，置於標籤上之標記 存在標籤中之資料一致。 使用供物品之辨識之標籤之應用皆同樣地用關 之物品之某種資料予以程控及印刷之。例如，在 蹤應用上。標籤係用辨識物品之類型，型號之資 製造，諸為一製造批及製造地點有關之資料予以 籤最好亦印有顯示相同資料之標記。 又，在標籤可予以讀出及寫入之特別地方，標 現金數值*存款數值或應得權利顯示，此顯示則 籤一樣遞增或遞減。根據用途之忠誠點數係可能 籤上。 因為本發明業已就其特定具體實例予以敘述， 說精於本技藝人員將會聯想到各種不同變更及修 指本發明包括這些變動及修正為屬於所附之申請 之範圍以内° 碼，或其 最好是予 如果標籤 其他方面 則宜與儲 於被辨識 一庫存追 料及與其 程控。標 籤儲存一 像使用標 儲存在標 故將不用 正及其意 專利範圍

Claims (1)

  1. 6 582 4____________________________________ ________________ 六、申請專利範圍 1，一種射頻辨識標籤，包括： 一具有一内表面及一外表面之基材構件； 一配置在基材構件之内表面上之第一天線元件； 一配置在基材構件之内表面上且與第一天線元件電 隔離之第二天線元件； 一電連接於第一天線元件及第二天線元件之積體電 路； 一黏合膠，其係於第一天線元件、第二天線元件、 積體電路及基材構件之内表面之一之至少一部份上；及 其中，積體電路包括一自第一及第二天線元件間之 靜電壓差產生一電源電壓之電源電路。 2, 如申請專利範圍第1項之射頻辨識標籤，其中基材係 一選自由以下組成之基之材料：紙； 醋酸鹽； 聚氣乙稀； 聚酯； 聚乙烯； 聚丙烯； 碳酸鹽鈣； 塑膠；及 非導電材料。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項之射頻辨識標籤，其中積體電 路更包括： 一用以儲存資料之記憶體裝置； D 5 8L^_4-_____________ _______________ ________________ 六、申請專利範圍 一耦合於記憶體裝置之控制器用以根據指令自記憶 體裝置讀出資料及寫入資料至記憶體裝置； 一耦合於控制器及響應於自第一及第二天線元件所 接收信號之解碼器用以將信號解碼成由控制器所使用之指 令：及 一耦合於記憶體之調變器用以根據自記憶體裝置所 接收之資料產生一調變信號，所調變之信號係藉第一及第 二天線元件之至少一個予以靜電地耦合於一閱讀機。 4.如申請專利範圍第1項之射頻辨識標籤，其中積體電 路係插入器予以耦合於第一及第二天線元件包括： 一插入器基材； 一配置在插入器基材上之第一連接墊； 一配置在插入器基材上且與第一連接墊電隔離之第 二連接墊： 在其中積體電路係耦合於第一及第二連接墊及第一 及第二連接墊皆予以裝置以便被分別耦合於第一及第二天 線元件。 5 .如申請專利範圍第1項之射頻辨識標籤，其中積體電 路係由一導電黏合膠予以直接耦合於第一天線元件及第二 天線元件。 6, 如申請專利範圍第5項之射頻辨識標籤，其中導電黏 合膠包括一各向異性黏合膠及一各向同性黏合膠之至少一 個。 7. 如申請專利範圍第1項之射頻辨識標籤，其中積體電
    455B2 4
    天線元件及第二天線 六'申請專利範圍 路係由雙面黏合膠帶予以連接於第 元件。 如申4專利範圍第1項之射頻辨識標 件之+ %’其中積材 干之外表面具有在其上所形成之印刷標記 印刷標記係由一選自由以下構成 形成： X之基之方法予 橡皮版印刷；及 印模一昇高印刷。 丨9.如申請專利範圍第1項之射頻辨識標籤，苴 件係由一捲基材材料之至少一個予以形成；及 一扇摺裝置之基材材料。 10，如申請專利範圍第1或4項之射頻辨識標籤，其 一及第二天線元件與第一及第二連接墊包括以下至 個： 包括導電油墨； 銀墨； 出里 · 反•堂r 石墨； 鍛金聚醋；及 鋁。 11.如申印專利範圍第1或4項之射頻辨識標籤，其中第 一及第二天線元件與第一及第二連接墊皆印刷在該基材構 件上。 12.如申请專利範圍第1或4項之射頻辨識標籤’其中第
    455824
    4 6 b B 2 4 i六、申請專利範圍 聚乙烯； ，聚丙烯； I 塑膠； 聚氣乙烯；及 碳酸鹽鈣。 21. —種射頻辨識標籤，包括： 一第一天線元件； | 一與第一天線元件電隔離之第二天線元件； j 一第三天線元件； j 一射頻辨識電路，包括： I 一耦合於第一天線元件之第一墊； i | 一耦合於第二天線元件之第二墊； i j 一耦合於第三天線元件之第三墊； 流 壓， 一回 提供 之電 ； 一耦合於第一天線元件及第二天線元件之整 I器，其中整流器整流來自該第一及第二墊之一A.C.電 ί以產生一用來提供射頻辨識電路電源之整流電壓；及 一耦合於第三墊之發射調變電路，用以發射 應於接收電源之信號。 2 2.如申請專利範圍第2 1項之標籤，更包括： 一具有耦合於發射調變電路之一輸出之閘極以 I 一輸入信號至發射調變電路； 一具有在一來，自控制器之一狀態輸出中被反射 丨路狀態之控制器； 一產生一調變信號之調變編碼器；
    第29頁
    4 5 5 Β 2Λ________ i六、申請專利範圍 I · 在其中來自控制器之狀態輸出係一至閘極之第 入及來自調變編碼器之調變信號係一至閘極之第二輸 及 在其中至閘極之第一輸入使至閘極之第二輸入 反射至發射調變電路之輸入信號。 一輸 入； 能被
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CA2343397C (en) 2003-03-11
ATE398814T1 (de) 2008-07-15
DE69938929D1 (de) 2008-07-31
JP2002525726A (ja) 2002-08-13
EP1112560B1 (en) 2008-06-18
CA2343397A1 (en) 2000-03-23
JP4313951B2 (ja) 2009-08-12
WO2000016286A1 (en) 2000-03-23
KR20010073147A (ko) 2001-07-31
AU5809099A (en) 2000-04-03
EP1112560A1 (en) 2001-07-04
US6265977B1 (en) 2001-07-24
EP1112560A4 (en) 2005-01-26

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