TW202011826A - 光劣化抑制劑、含有其之飲料,及光劣化抑制方法 - Google Patents
光劣化抑制劑、含有其之飲料,及光劣化抑制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TW202011826A TW202011826A TW108130973A TW108130973A TW202011826A TW 202011826 A TW202011826 A TW 202011826A TW 108130973 A TW108130973 A TW 108130973A TW 108130973 A TW108130973 A TW 108130973A TW 202011826 A TW202011826 A TW 202011826A
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- pigment
- photodegradation
- pyrroloquinoline quinone
- salt
- quinone
- Prior art date
Links
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/58—Colouring agents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/42—Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages
- A23L2/44—Preservation of non-alcoholic beverages by adding preservatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本發明為提供一種含有作為有效成分的選自由焦油染料(Tar dye)、紅花(Safflower)黃色素、胭脂紅(Cochineal)色素、紫薯(Purple potato)色素、紅大根(Red radish)色素、綠色著色料、梔子藍(Gardenia blue)色素及焦糖(caramele)色素所成群的1種或複數種的色素之吡咯喹啉醌(Pyrroloquinoline quinone)及/或其鹽的光劣化抑制劑。
Description
本發明係關於吡咯喹啉醌之光劣化抑制劑、含有其之飲料及光劣化抑制方法等。
非醇類飲料(又稱為軟性飲料)除可作為輕鬆水分補給的手段而受到歡迎以外,藉由多樣化的豐富風味或功能,可取悅具有多樣化嗜好或需求的消費者。裝入透明聚酯瓶或玻璃瓶等光透過性容器的飲料,與罐或紙容器相比,具有可見到內容物之飲料的外觀或量之優點。且,聚酯瓶亦有可再度閉栓之便利性,裝入聚酯瓶的飲料的需求量非常高。
吡咯喹啉醌(PQQ)可作為具有腦功能改善、抗氧化作用、線粒體新生之功能的食品而使用。特別為PQQ之二鈉鹽,經由美國FDA作為新食品成分(new food ingredient)而認定為食品的有製品BioPQQ,其廣泛被使用。該PQQ水溶液之光穩定性雖比較高,但欲使其更為穩定,需要遮光容器(專利文獻1)。
又,有關吡咯喹啉醌衍生物對光的反應之報告(非專利文獻1)。
[先前技術文獻]
[專利文獻]
[專利文獻1] 特開2011-026226號公報
[非專利文獻]
[非專利文獻1] Fukuzumi, Shunichi, Itoh, Shinobu, Komori, Takasi Suenobu, Tomoyoshi, Ishida, Akito,
Fujitsuka, Mamoru, Ito, Osamu, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2000, 122, 8435-8443
[發明所解決的問題]
聚酯瓶等之光透過性透明容器因容以受到光的影響,且因所填充的飲料種類而具有所含有的飲料成分在流通或保存時暴露於光中所引起的劣化之風險。成分的劣化有時會有導致香味或呈味的劣化之情況。
實際上,吡咯喹啉醌之光劣化不僅會造成所望功能之降低,且有時會引起呈味之劣化的情況。例如添加吡咯喹啉醌之製品因其藉由與吡咯喹啉醌之組合而調節呈味,故減少吡咯喹啉醌時,恐怕會使該呈味之平衡瓦解。因此,在將添加吡咯喹啉醌之製品以如聚酯瓶之透明容器提供時,必須提供一種抑制或防止吡咯喹啉醌之光劣化的方法。
[解決課題的手段]
本發明者們欲解決上述課題,對於防止吡咯喹啉醌飲料中之光劣化的方法進行詳細檢討。其結果,發現特定之色素對於抑制吡咯喹啉醌飲料之光劣化上為有效,而完成本發明。
即,本案發明包含以下發明。
[A1]含有作為有效成分的選自由焦油染料、紅花黃色素、胭脂紅色素、紫薯色素、紅大根(Red radish)色素、綠色著色料、梔子藍色素及焦糖色素所成群的1種或複數種色素之吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽的光劣化抑制劑。
[A2]吡咯喹啉醌的鹽為吡咯喹啉醌二鈉之[A1]所記載的光劣化抑制劑。
[A3]含有[A1]或[A2]所記載的光劣化抑制劑與吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽之組成物。
[A4]飲食品之形態的[A3]所記載的組成物。
[A5]飲料的形態之[A4]所記載的組成物。
[A6]含有色素0.1~1000mg/L、吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽1mg/L~100mg/L之[A5]所記載的組成物。
[A7]含有將[A1]或[A2]所記載的光劣化抑制劑與吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽進行接觸的步驟之吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽的光劣化抑制方法。
[A8]一種使用於製造吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽的光劣化抑制劑之選自由焦油染料、紅花黃色素、胭脂紅色素、紫薯色素、紅大根(Red radish)色素、綠色著色料、梔子藍色素及焦糖色素所成群的1種或複數種色素之用途。
[B1]含有作為有效成分的選自由焦油染料、胭脂紅色素、花色素苷系色素、甜菜紅、紫薯色素、紅大根(Red radish)色素、綠色著色料及梔子藍色素所成群的1種或複數種色素,與抗壞血酸及/或其鹽之吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽的光劣化抑制劑。
[B2]吡咯喹啉醌的鹽為吡咯喹啉醌二鈉之[B1]所記載的光劣化抑制劑。
[B3]含有[B1]或[B2]所記載的光劣化抑制劑與吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽之組成物。
[B4]飲食品的形態之[B3]所記載的組成物。
[B5]飲料的形態之[B4]所記載的組成物。
[B6]含有色素0.1~1000mg/L、吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽1mg/L~100mg/L之[B5]所記載的組成物。
[B7]含有將[B1]或[B2]所記載的光劣化抑制劑與吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽進行接觸的步驟之吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽的光劣化抑制方法。
[B8]一種使用於製造吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽的光劣化抑制劑的選自由焦油染料、胭脂紅色素、花色素苷系色素、甜菜紅、紫薯色素、紅大根(Red radish)色素、綠色著色料及梔子藍色素所成群的1種或複數種色素與抗壞血酸及/或其鹽之用途。
[發明之效果]
依據本發明,將特定色素作為有效成分時,可抑制含有吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽的飲料之光劣化。又,亦已得知藉由於色素之中與抗壞血酸組合時可發揮光劣化抑制效果者。
對於飲料之中亦因容器透明而容易受到透過光之影響的聚酯瓶飲料,使用吡咯喹啉醌時,該使用濃度可為1mg/L至100mg/L之非常低的濃度。本發明者對聚酯瓶飲料中之吡咯喹啉醌的光穩定性重新測定結果,發現濃度高時比較穩定的試樣有著在低濃度時劣化的缺點。有關本發明之光劣化抑制劑可適合地使用於如此聚酯瓶飲料。
[實施發明的形態]
對於第一實施形態,本案為提供含有作為有效成分的選自由焦油染料、紅花黃色素、胭脂紅色素、紫薯色素、紅大根(Red radish)色素、綠色著色料、梔子藍色素及焦糖色素所成群的1種或複數種色素之吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽的光劣化抑制劑。
在本說明書中所使用的所謂「光劣化」表示,藉由暴露於紫外線或照明光而經時性地吡咯喹啉醌之減少的意思。上述色素可顯著地抑制如此吡咯喹啉醌之減少。
使光劣化抑制劑添加於飲食品時,上述色素必須為食用色素。如此色素已被販賣。作為食用之焦油染料,例如可舉出食用紅色2號、食用紅色3號、食用紅色40號、食用紅色102號、食用紅色104號、食用紅色105號、食用紅色106號、食用黃色4號、食用黃色5號、食用藍色1號、食用藍色2號等。其中亦以紅色2號為佳。
作為紅花色素之例子,可舉出大和化成製之食用天然色素的紅花Y1500,但並未限定於此。
作為胭脂紅色素之例子,可舉出大和化成製之食用天然色素的胭脂紅redAL、High redMC,但並未限定於此等。
作為紫薯色素之例子,可舉出大和化成製之食用天然色素的High redV80,但並未限定於此。
作為紅大根(Red radish)色素之例子,可舉出大和化成製的食用天然色素之High redRA-200,但並未限定於此。
作為綠色著色料之例子,可舉出大和化成製之食用天然色素的High greenB、High greenF、High melonP-2,但並未限定於此等。
作為梔子藍色素之例子,可舉出大和化成製的食用天然色素之High blueAT,但並未限定於此。
作為焦糖色素之例子,可舉出仙波糖化工業股份有限公司製的食用天然色素之Taiyo CaramelS,但並未限定於此。
上述色素僅可達成光劣化抑制效果,可組合1種或複數種而使用。色素的添加量,例如可適宜地調節在0.1~1000mg/L之範圍。吡咯喹啉醌之濃度為10mg/L時,色素的濃度以5~100mg/L之範圍者為佳。色素之添加量,除考慮到必要的光劣化抑制效果程度,亦考慮到味道或對健康之影響而做決定。
對於本發明所使用的吡咯喹啉醌,可舉出於式1所示之結構的物質。該物質可作為吡咯喹啉醌之自由形態而存在,亦可作為鹽而存在。吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽可使用販賣者,亦可使用藉由公知方法所製造者。作為於本發明所使用的吡咯喹啉醌之鹽,可舉出吡咯喹啉醌之鹼金屬鹽、鹼土類金屬鹽、銨鹽,但以鹼金屬鹽為佳。
作為於本發明所使用的吡咯喹啉醌之鹼金屬鹽,可舉出鈉、鉀、鋰、銫、銣等鹽。較佳為由容易獲得之觀點來看,作為鹼金屬鹽以鈉鹽或鉀鹽為較佳。吡咯喹啉醌之鹼金屬鹽可為以1~3個鹼金屬進行取代的鹼金屬鹽,亦可為單鹼金屬鹽、二鹼金屬鹽、三鹼金屬鹽中任一者。較佳為二鹼金屬鹽。特佳為二鈉鹽或二鉀鹽。
對於第二實施形態,本案提供含有光劣化抑制劑與吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽之組成物。
作為如此組成物之例子,可舉出飲食品,特別可舉出被認為會受到透過光之影響的聚酯瓶飲料等,但若為可添加吡咯喹啉醌,且被添加的吡咯喹啉醌為會暴露於光劣化的環境之組成物即可,對於組成物之種類並無特別限定。
吡咯喹啉醌之含量可配合所望的效果而由斯業者做適宜決定。對於一實施態樣,本發明中之吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽之含量為1mg/L~100mg/L。較佳含量為10~80mg/L,更佳含量為15~60mg/L。
組成物為飲食品時,除上述色素或吡咯喹啉醌以外,不損害所望的效果之範圍下,可適宜地添加甜味料、酸味料、無機鹽、有機酸鹽、胺基酸、蛋白質、核酸、香料、保存料等成分。
飲食品為設定在pH1~9之範圍內使用。清涼飲料水之情況時,pH為酸性時大多會顯示清涼感。因此,將組成物以清涼飲料水之形態下提供時,該pH被考慮以1~4為佳。使用於pH之調整的物質若為可添加於食品之物質即可,並無特別限定,但以抗壞血酸為佳。抗壞血酸可作為還原劑使用,亦可作為pH調整劑使用。又,這些鹼金屬鹽,例如藉由添加抗壞血酸鈉,可經這些緩衝液效果而使pH的變化變得困難。
抗壞血酸不僅可作為pH調整劑,亦可達成抗氧化劑之角色。且雖抗壞血酸在單獨使用下可具有光劣化抑制效果,但所定量以上時,例如藉由每1L添加200mg~2000mg左右時,可增強特定的色素,例如增強焦油染料、胭脂紅色素、紫薯色素、紅大根(Red radish)色素、綠色著色料或梔子藍色素之光劣化抑制效果。又,花色素苷系色素或甜菜紅雖單獨使用下無法達成光劣化抑制效果,但與抗壞血酸及/或其鹽組合時可發揮光劣化抑制效果。由發揮光劣化抑制效果之觀點來看,可添加抗壞血酸10~1000mg/L添加。
作為甜菜紅之例子,可舉出大和化成製的食用天然色素之High redBL,但並未限定於此。
作為花色素苷系色素之例子,可舉出大和化成製的食用天然色素之High redG-150,但並未限定於此。
僅不阻礙所意圖的效果下,可對應所望之最終製品的形態下添加上述成分以外的種種添加物。又,配合目的,亦可添加果汁、咖啡萃取物、茶葉萃取物、乳成分等食品成分。例如在不損害所望效果之範圍下,可對應作為目的之飲料的風味而亦可添加甜味料。若為可使用於飲食品的甜味料即可,添加的甜味料之種類並無特別限制。
本發明亦可使用於茶飲料中。可為不發酵茶之綠茶類、半發酵茶之烏龍茶類,而發酵茶之紅茶類,將茶葉進一步以微生物進行發酵之黑茶等微生物發酵茶類等亦可。
光劣化抑制劑為與含有吡咯喹啉醌之飲料同時填充於具有光透過性之透明容器中。作為如此透明容器可舉出玻璃、PET瓶等。除光劣化抑制劑之添加以外,於容器藉由貼上非透過性薄膜而可進一步抑制光劣化。或者取代薄膜之使用,可藉由遮蔽透過光之顏色對容器本體進行著色。
對於第三實施形態,本案提供含有使光劣化抑制劑與吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽進行接觸之步驟的吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽之光劣化抑制方法。
該方法可適合地使用於含有吡咯喹啉醌之組成物等製造上。
對於第四實施形態,本發明提供使用於製造吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽之光劣化抑制劑的選自由焦油染料、紅花黃色素、胭脂紅色素、紫薯色素、紅大根(Red radish)色素、綠色著色料、梔子藍色素及焦糖色素所成群之1種或複數種色素之用途。
對於其他態樣,光劣化抑制劑亦可含有作為有效成分的選自由焦油染料、胭脂紅色素、花色素苷系色素、甜菜紅、紫薯色素、紅大根(Red radish)色素、綠色著色料及梔子藍色素所成群的1種或複數種色素與抗壞血酸及/或其鹽者。
光劣化抑制劑除吡咯喹啉醌及/或其鹽與色素以外,亦可含有添加於上述組成物之成分等。
以下將本發明藉由使用實施例及比較例而做具體說明。本發明並未受到以下實施例之任何限定。
[實施例]
所使用的水若無特別說明,則使用離子交換水。使用的材料若無特別指定,使用販賣品的試藥特級。吡咯喹啉醌二鈉為使用三菱瓦斯化學(股)製之BioPQQ。
HPLC條件:
島津LC-2010
管柱:YMC-Pack ODS-A
檢測波長:259nm
移動相:30mM乙酸-70mM乙酸銨
管柱溫度40℃
光照射裝置:Tommy Seiko植物恆溫培養器CLH-301
光照射條件:30℃ 20000Lx
該照度相當於比使用於一般商店的照度更極高之水準。
完全取出販賣品的聚酯瓶飲料之Volvic的內容物,水洗該容器。將該透明容器作為保存容器使用。
(濃度依賴性之檢討)
將5~500mg量之BioPQQ溶解於水500g中,探討該濃度與光劣化之關係。首先,仔細振動添加於保存容器內之吡咯喹啉醌二鈉與水之混合物後,經1分鐘超音波而溶解鹽。其為pH3.5。將所調製之吡咯喹啉醌二鈉水溶液以上述光照射條件進行保存。於光照射5天後,將吡咯喹啉醌的濃度以HPLC進行分析。將當初濃度作為100%時的各濃度之光照射後的回收率表示於以下表。
[表1]
由上述結果可得知,吡咯喹啉醌越為低濃度,越容易又受到光所引起的劣化之傾向。
(藉由色素之光劣化抑制效果的探討)
與上述同樣地,將BioPQQ 20mg溶解於水500g中(10mg/L)。對於該水溶液,進一步添加紅色2號100mg(實施例A1)。與上述同樣地,於光照射5天後進行HPLC分析之結果,吡咯喹啉醌二鈉鹽之回收率為100%。將實施例A1的水溶液在暗條件下進行60℃7天保存的結果,回收率為99%。
除將紅色2號之添加量改為20mg以外,將與實施例A1同樣地調製出的水溶液(實施例A2),在與上述同樣光照射條件下進行後,光照射5天後之回收率為88%。
對於胭脂紅色素或梔子藍色素等特定色素,亦顯示極高的保存試驗回收率。
(抗壞血酸與色素之組合)
將BioPQQ 20mg、檸檬酸600mg、檸檬酸鈉50mg、山梨醇40g添加於水500mL並溶解,進一步添加抗壞血酸1000mg而調製出水溶液。對於所得之水溶液添加所定食用色素20mg,與上述同樣地進行光照射。將試樣以1%碳酸氫鈉水溶液進行5倍稀釋後經1小時的振動並經酸化處理後進行HPLC分析。表3中記載該結果。
[表3]
即使為低濃度之色素,藉由與抗壞血酸之組合亦可顯著地抑制光劣化。
所有濃度皆確認到光劣化抑制效果。
(抗壞血酸濃度之探討)
調製出僅實施例B1與抗壞血酸之添加量相異的水溶液,與上述同樣地施予光照射試驗。將各試樣以1%碳酸氫鈉水溶液稀釋5倍後,經1小時仔細振盪並經酸化處理後進行HPLC分析。結果如以下所示。
[表5]
由上述表之結果得知,紅色2號與抗壞血酸之加性效果(Additive effect)中,一定濃度的抗壞血酸為必須。
High redBL雖單獨時無法產生光劣化抑制效果(表2),但如表6的結果所示,與抗壞血酸同時添加時,即使在低濃度下亦可發揮光劣化抑制效果。
[產業上可利用性]
吡咯喹啉醌飲料有時以光透過性容器等流通、保存。在如此飲料中,吡咯喹啉醌之濃度會有經時性地減少之情況產生,但依據本發明之光劣化抑制劑,可防止吡咯喹啉醌之光劣化,進而可提供穩定容器包裝的吡咯喹啉醌飲料。
Claims (10)
- 一種吡咯並喹啉醌及/或其鹽之安定化劑,其係包含由赤蘚醇、乙醯磺胺酸鉀及還原糖漿所構成之群所選出之1或複數之甜味成分作為有效成分。
- 如請求項1所記載之安定化劑,其中,還原糖漿係以麥芽糖醇、山梨糖醇及/或乳糖醇作為主成分。
- 如請求項1所記載之安定化劑,其中,甜味成分為赤蘚醇,且更進一步包含羅漢果萃取物。
- 如請求項1或2所記載之安定化劑,其中,甜味成分為還原糖漿,且進一步包含三氯蔗糖及/或甜菊萃取物。
- 如請求項1所記載之安定化劑,其中,吡咯並喹啉醌之鹽為吡咯並喹啉醌二鈉。
- 一種包含請求項1~5中之任一項所記載之安定化劑之組成物。
- 如請求項6所記載之組成物,其係飲食品之形態。
- 如請求項7所記載之組成物,其係酸性之飲料之形態。
- 一種吡咯並喹啉醌及/或其鹽之安定化方法,其係包含使請求項1~5中之任一項所記載之安定化劑與吡咯並喹啉醌及/或其鹽接觸之步驟。
- 一種由赤蘚醇、乙醯磺胺酸鉀及還原糖漿所構成之群所選出之1或複數之甜味成分之用途,其係用於製造吡咯並喹啉醌及/或其鹽之安定化劑。
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