TW201425512A - 積層用黏著劑、使用其之積層體及二次電池 - Google Patents
積層用黏著劑、使用其之積層體及二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- TW201425512A TW201425512A TW102134269A TW102134269A TW201425512A TW 201425512 A TW201425512 A TW 201425512A TW 102134269 A TW102134269 A TW 102134269A TW 102134269 A TW102134269 A TW 102134269A TW 201425512 A TW201425512 A TW 201425512A
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- Prior art keywords
- acid
- polyolefin resin
- laminate
- adhesive composition
- epoxy resin
- Prior art date
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- 239000012939 laminating adhesive Substances 0.000 title 1
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/4009—Two or more macromolecular compounds not provided for in one single group of groups C08G18/42 - C08G18/64
- C08G18/4063—Mixtures of compounds of group C08G18/62 with other macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/26—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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Abstract
本發明之課題係要得到金屬層與塑膠層之黏著性優良,滿足防潮性、耐熱性、絕緣性、耐久性等,且進一步兼具耐電解質性,不會隨時間經過而產生層間剝離之一種積層用黏著劑組成物、使用其之積層體及二次電池。而本發明解決該課題之手段係一種積層用黏著劑組成物、使用其之積層體、二次電池,該積層用黏著劑組成物之特徵為其包含改性聚烯烴樹脂(A)、磷酸改性化合物(B),較佳為其進一步包含環氧樹脂、聚異氰酸酯化合物。
Description
本發明係關於積層用黏著劑、使用其之積層體及二次電池。
以鋰離子電池為代表之二次電池,其係採在正極、負極之間封入電解液等的構造。又,就用來封入其用於將正極與負極的電取出至外部的導線之封入袋而言,係使用鋁箔等金屬箔或將金屬蒸鍍層與塑膠貼合而成的積層體。
對於此積層體,要求要有二次電池所需要的物性、防潮性、密封性、耐刺穿性、絕緣性、耐熱‧耐寒性、耐腐蝕性,特別是必須有不會溶解於電解質之耐電解質性。
因此,先前技術提案一種封入袋,其藉由在積層體的最內層使用順丁烯二酸改性聚烯烴樹脂,並以相同的順丁烯二酸改性聚烯烴樹脂構成熱封部,來提升密封可靠性(例如參照專利文獻1~4)。一般來說,順丁烯二酸改性聚烯烴樹脂因與金屬的黏著性及熱封性優良,故經常被使用作為黏著性樹脂。惟在如上述使用作為
電池用密封薄膜之情形,雖然在積層後的當下顯現優良的黏著力,但其耐電解質性低,經過一段時間後會產生層間剝離,無法使用作為密封薄膜。
[專利文獻1]日本特開平9-283101號公報
[專利文獻2]國際公開WO01/017043
[專利文獻3]日本特開平8-193148號公報
[專利文獻4]日本特開2010-277959
因此,為了解決上述問題,本發明之目的係要得到金屬層與塑膠層之黏著性優良,滿足防潮性、耐熱性、絕緣性、耐久性等,且進一步兼具耐電解質性,不會隨時間經過而產生層間剝離之一種積層用黏著劑組成物、使用其之積層體及二次電池。
本案發明人為了解決上述問題,戮力研究的結果,發現藉由組合烯烴樹脂與後述之磷酸改性化合物,可大幅提升黏著性及耐電解質性,而完成本發明。即,本發明提供一種積層用黏著劑組成物,其特徵為包含聚烯烴樹脂(A)及磷酸改性化合物(B)。
本發明之黏著劑組成物,其藉由使用在鋁箔
等金屬層與塑膠層之間,而展現優良的黏著性。其結果,使用本黏著劑之積層體可發揮良的防潮性、耐熱性、耐溶劑性、耐久性等。又,在使用該積層體作為二次電池用積層體之情形,因對碳酸丙烯酯或碳酸伸乙酯等電解質有優良的耐性,故不會隨時間經過產生層間剝離。
本發明之積層用黏著劑組成物係包含聚烯烴樹脂(A)、磷酸改性化合物(B)。
本發明中使用之聚烯烴樹脂(A)可列舉例如:碳數2~8的烯烴之均聚物或共聚物、碳數2~8的烯烴與其它單體之共聚物。具體來說可列舉例如:高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)、低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)、線型低密度聚乙烯樹脂等聚乙烯;聚丙烯、聚異丁烯、聚(1-丁烯)、聚4-甲基戊烯、聚乙烯基環己烷、聚苯乙烯、聚(對甲基苯乙烯)、聚(α-甲基苯乙烯)、乙烯‧丙烯嵌段共聚物、乙烯‧丙烯無規共聚物、乙烯‧丁烯-1共聚物、乙烯‧4-甲基-1-戊烯共聚物、乙烯‧己烯共聚物等α-烯烴共聚物;乙烯‧乙酸乙烯酯共聚物、乙烯‧丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯‧甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、乙烯‧乙酸乙烯酯‧甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物、離子聚合物樹脂等。此外,也可使用將這些聚烯烴氯化而成的氯化聚烯烴。
本發明中使用之聚烯烴樹脂(A),係如上述般
能使用各種類型,但更佳為特別是在聚烯烴樹脂中導入各種官能基(例如羧基、羥基等)而成之改性聚烯烴樹脂。此外,在這些改性聚烯烴樹脂之中,從進一步提升金屬層的密著性,且耐電解質性優良之觀點而言,更佳為具有1~200mgKOH/g的酸值之改性聚烯烴樹脂(以下記為酸改性聚烯烴樹脂)及/或具有1~200mgKOH/g的羧值之改性聚烯烴樹脂(以下記為羥基改性聚烯烴樹脂)。
酸改性聚烯烴樹脂係於分子中有羧基或酸酐基之聚烯烴樹脂,其係以不飽和羧酸或其衍生物將聚烯烴改性來合成。此改性方法可使用接枝改性或共聚化。
酸改性聚烯烴樹脂係將至少一種能聚合之乙烯性不飽和羧酸或其衍生物,對改性前的聚烯烴樹脂加以接枝改性或共聚化而成之接枝改性聚烯烴。改性前的聚烯烴樹脂可舉出上述的聚烯烴樹脂,而其中較佳為丙烯的均聚物、丙烯與α-烯烴的共聚物、乙烯的均聚物、及乙烯與α-烯烴的共聚物等。這些可以單獨1種使用,也可以組合2種以上使用。
對改性前的聚烯烴樹脂加以接枝改性或共聚化之乙烯性不飽和羧酸或其衍生物可列舉例如:丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、順丁烯二酸、伊康酸、檸康酸、中康酸、順丁烯二酸酐、4-甲基環己-4-烯-1,2-二酸酐、雙環[2.2.2]辛-5-烯-2,3-二酸酐、1,2,3,4,5,8,9,10-八氫萘-2,3-二酸酐、2-辛基-1,3-二酮螺[4.4]壬-7-烯、雙環[2.2.1]庚-5-烯-2,3-二酸酐、馬來海松酸(Maleopimaric acid)、四氫鄰苯二甲酸酐、甲基-雙環[2.2.1]庚-5-烯-2,3-二酸酐、
甲基-降莰-5-烯-2,3-二酸酐、降莰-5-烯-2,3-二酸酐等。較佳係使用順丁烯二酸酐。這些可以單獨使用或併用2種以上使用。
為了將從乙烯性不飽和羧酸或其衍生物選出之接枝單體接枝到改性前的聚烯烴樹脂上,可採用各種方法。可列舉例如:將聚烯烴樹脂熔融,並在此時添加接枝單體來進行接枝反應之方法;將聚烯烴樹脂溶解於溶劑成為溶液,並在此時添加接枝單體來進行接枝反應之方法;把溶解於有機溶劑之聚烯烴樹脂與前述不飽和羧酸等混合,以前述聚烯烴樹脂的軟化溫度或熔點以上之溫度加熱,於熔融狀態同時進行自由基聚合與氫摘取反應之方法等。無論在任一種情形,為了有效率的讓前述接枝單體進行接枝共聚,較佳在自由基起始劑之存在下實施接枝反應。接枝反應通常係在60~350℃之條件下進行。自由基起始劑的使用比例相對於100重量份之改性前的聚烯烴樹脂,通常係在0.001~1重量份之範圍。
自由基起始劑較佳為有機過氧化物,可列舉例如:過氧化苯甲醯、過氧化雙(2,4-二氯苯甲醯基)、過氧化二異丙苯、過氧化二(三級丁基)、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(過氧化苯甲酸酯)己炔-3、1,4-雙(三級丁過氧異丙基)苯、過氧化月桂醯基、過乙酸三級丁酯、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(三級丁過氧)己炔-3、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(三級丁過氧)己烷、過苯甲酸三級丁酯、過苯乙酸三級丁酯、過異丁酸三級丁酯、過二級辛酸三級丁酯、過三級戊酸三級丁酯、過三級戊酸異丙苯酯及過二乙基乙酸三級丁酯等。
也可使用其它偶氮化合物,例如:偶氮雙異丁腈、偶氮雙(異丁酸甲酯)等。
這些自由基起始劑應依接枝反應的製程來選
擇最適合者,但通常較佳使用:過氧化二異丙苯、過氧化二(三級丁基)、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(過氧化苯甲酸酯)己炔-3、2,5-二甲基-2,5-二(三級丁過氧)己烷、1,4-雙(三級丁基過氧異丙基)苯等過氧化二烷基。
其酸改性聚烯烴樹脂可列舉例如:順丁烯二
酸酐改性聚丙烯、乙烯-(甲基)丙烯酸共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸酯-順丁烯二酸酐三元共聚物、或乙烯-甲基丙烯酸酯-順丁烯二酸酐三元共聚物。具體來說,市售有:三菱化學(股)製「MODIC」、三井化學(股)製「ADMER」、「UNISTOLE」、東洋化成(股)製「TOYOTAC」、三洋化成(股)製「Umex」、日本聚乙烯(股)製「REXPEARL EAA」「REXPEARL ET」、陶氏化學(股)製「PRIMACOR」、三井‧杜邦化學製「Nucrel」、Arkema製「BONDINE」。
羥基改性聚烯烴樹脂係在分子中有羥基之聚烯烴樹脂,其係以後述之含有羥基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯,或以含有羥基的乙烯醚將聚烯烴加以接枝改性或共聚化來合成。改性前的聚烯烴樹脂及改性方法,與酸改性聚烯烴樹脂的情形相同。
前述含有羥基的(甲基)丙烯酸酯可列舉:(甲基)丙烯酸羥乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸羥丙酯、丙三醇(甲基)丙烯酸酯、內酯改性(甲基)丙烯酸羥乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸
聚乙二醇、(甲基)丙烯酸聚丙二醇等;而前述含有羥基的乙烯醚可列舉:2-羥基乙基乙烯醚、二乙二醇單乙烯醚、4-羥基丁基乙烯醚等。
使用於本發明之磷酸改性化合物(B)可列舉從由下述通式(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)及(5)所構成之群組中所選出的1種以上化合物。
(式中的R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6係各自獨立地為數量平均分子量350~3000之環氧樹脂的殘基及/或改性環氧樹脂的殘基,R7、R10及R11係各自獨立地為碳數8以下的伸烷基,R8、R9及R12係各自獨立地表示環氧
基、異丙烯基、或乙烯基。)
以前述通式(1)、(2)及(3)所表示之化合物,為以環氧樹脂將具有鍵結至磷原子之羥基的化合物加以改性而成之磷酸改性環氧樹脂(B-Ep)。
前述磷酸改性環氧樹脂(B-Ep),其係藉由讓環氧樹脂(B1)與具有鍵結至磷原子之羥基的化合物(B2),必要時與碳數為3~5的單羧酸(B3)進行反應而得。
環氧樹脂(B1)可列舉例如:乙二醇、丙二醇、己二醇、新戊二醇、三羥甲基乙烷、三羥甲基丙烷、新戊四醇、甘油、二甘油、山梨醇、螺甘油或氫化雙酚A等脂肪族多元醇二環氧丙基醚型環氧樹脂。
此外,可列舉:雙酚A、雙酚F、雙酚S、雙酚AD等二環氧丙基醚型環氧樹脂或苯酚酚醛樹脂或或甲酚酚醛樹脂的環氧丙基醚之酚醛型環氧樹脂等芳香族環氧樹脂;芳香族系多羥基化合物的環氧乙烷或環氧丙烷加成物等多元醇類之二環氧丙基醚型環氧樹脂。
此外,可列舉:聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇或聚1,4-丁二醇等聚醚多元醇的聚環氧丙醚型環氧樹脂;己二酸雙(3,4-環氧環己基甲酯)、3’,4’-環氧環己酸-3,4-環氧環己基甲酯等環狀脂肪族型聚環氧樹脂。
此外,可列舉:丙三酸、丁四酸、己二酸、鄰苯二甲酸、對苯二甲酸或1,2,4-苯三甲酸等多元羧酸的聚環氧丙基醚型環氧樹脂;丁二烯、己二烯、辛二烯、十二碳二烯、環辛二烯、α-蒎烯或乙烯基環己烯等烴系二烯之雙環氧樹脂。
此外,可列舉:聚丁二烯或聚異戊二烯等二
烯聚合物之環氧樹脂;或四環氧丙基二胺基二苯基甲烷、四環氧丙基雙胺基甲基環己烷、二環氧丙基苯胺或四環氧丙基間二甲苯二胺等環氧丙基胺型環氧樹脂、或如三或海因之含有各種雜環之環氧樹脂等。
此等之中,若使用雙酚A型環氧樹脂等芳香族環氧樹脂,因密著性及耐腐蝕性良好而為較佳的。
就具體例而言,雙酚A型環氧樹脂可列舉:DIC(股)製「EPICLON 850、860、1050、1055、2055」、三菱化學(股)製「jER 828、834、1001、1002、1004、1007」等。
具有鍵結至磷原子之羥基的化合物(B2)無特別限定,只要使在磷原子上有至少1個羥基者即可,可舉出例如以下述通式(6)所表示之化合物。
(通式(6)中,R13、R14係相同或各別地表示碳原子1~12之烷基、烯基、苯甲基或羥基)具有以通式(6)所表示之結構者中,從特別是密著性及加工性優良之觀點而言,較佳為磷酸。
碳數為3~5之單羧酸(B3)可列舉例如:丙酸、乳酸、丁酸、戊酸等飽和羧酸類,或丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、乙烯乙酸、巴豆酸、甘菊花酸、3,3-二甲基丙烯
酸或戊烯酸等乙烯性不飽和單羧酸類。
這些之中,由所得到的磷酸改性環氧樹脂之
穩定性之觀點而言,較佳為乙烯性不飽和單羧酸,特佳為丙烯酸及/或甲基丙烯酸。
環氧樹脂(B1)與具有鍵結至磷原子之羥基的
化合物(B2)的反應沒有特別限制條件,可讓兩者在無觸媒下於常溫緩緩反應來得到目標物。但是,更佳係特別在溶劑及觸媒之存在下或不存在下而在50~200℃,較佳為在80~140℃進行反應,來得到磷酸改性環氧樹脂(B-Ep)。
此時,相對於1.0莫耳之存在於環氧樹脂(B1)
中之環氧基,讓具有鍵結至磷原子之羥基的化合物(B2)中的羥基之莫耳數的合計達0.9~1.0莫耳之比率,從讓所得到之磷改性環氧樹脂(B-Ep)的穩定性良好之觀點而言為較佳的。
又,在併用單羧酸之情形,相對於存在於前
述環氧樹脂(B1)中之1.0莫耳的環氧基,較佳調整成讓羧酸中的羧基之莫耳數、與具有鍵結至磷原子之羥基的化合物中鍵結至磷原子之羥基的莫耳數之合計達0.9~1.0莫耳。
在併用單羧酸之情形,製造磷酸改性環氧樹脂(B-Ep)之方法可列舉例如下述(1)~(3)之方法。
下述方法中,視需要可使用有機溶劑、觸媒等。
(1)將環氧樹脂(B1)、碳數3~5的單羧酸(B3)、及具
有鍵結至磷原子之羥基的化合物(B2)整批加入而使其反應之方法。
(2)讓前述環氧樹脂與前述羧酸進行反應,然後與前述磷化合物進行反應之方法
(3)讓前述環氧樹脂與前述磷化合物進行反應,然後與前述羧酸進行反應之方法
其中,前述(2)之方法從反應效率之觀點而言為較佳的。又,前述触媒,較佳使用在三苯基膦或胺化合物等環氧基與酸之反應所使用之物質。
以前述通式(4)、(5)所表示之化合物,係以2價含羥基的化合物將具有鍵結至磷原子之羥基的化合物加以改性而成之磷酸改性酯化合物(B-Es)。
本發明之積層用黏著劑組成物中,從在兼顧對金屬層及對塑膠層之密著性之方面而言為黏著性更優良,進而,從黏著劑的儲藏穩定性及加工性之觀點而言,較佳以相對於100重量份的聚烯烴樹脂(A),調配0.1~30重量份之比例來添加磷酸改性化合物(B)。
使用於本發明之環氧樹脂(C),可使用在製造前述磷酸改性環氧樹脂(B-Ep)時所使用之環氧樹脂(B1)。
特別是環氧樹脂(C),從提升黏著性及耐電解質性之觀點而言,更佳為與酸改性聚烯烴樹脂組合使用。此被認為係因交聯密度變高,而抑制了電解質浸透之故。
本發明之積層用黏著劑組成物中,從可兼顧
黏著性、耐電解質性、與抗結塊性之觀點而言,更佳以相對於100重量份的聚烯烴樹脂(A),調配0.1~30重量份之比例來添加環氧樹脂(C)。
使用於本發明之聚異氰酸酯化合物(D),可舉
出於分子內至少有2個異氰酸酯基之化合物。聚異氰酸酯化合物可列舉例如:甲苯二異氰酸酯、二甲苯二異氰酸酯、二苯基甲烷二異氰酸酯、1,6-伸己二異氰酸酯、異佛酮二異氰酸酯、4,4’-亞甲雙(環己基異氰酸酯)、離胺酸二異氰酸酯、三甲基伸己二異氰酸酯、1,3-雙(異氰酸甲基)環己烷、1,5-萘二異氰酸酯、三苯基甲烷三異氰酸酯等聚異氰酸酯;這些聚異氰酸酯的加成物、縮二脲、三聚異氰酸酯等聚異氰酸酯之衍生物等。
特別是聚異氰酸酯化合物(D),從黏著性及耐
電解質性優良之觀點而言,更佳為與羥基改性聚烯烴樹脂組合使用。
使用於本發明之積層用黏著劑組成物的有機
溶劑,只要可溶解或分散前述聚烯烴樹脂(A)、磷酸改性化合物(B)即無特別限制,可列舉例如:乙酸甲酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸丁酯等酯系溶劑;丙酮、甲乙酮、甲基異丁基酮、二異丁基酮、環己酮等酮系溶劑;甲苯、二甲苯等芳香族烴類等。其中就乾燥性、加工性優良之觀點而言,較佳為酯系溶劑。
本發明之積層用黏著劑組成物,視需要也可
含有其它添加劑等。添加劑可舉出一般使用於形成薄膜或塗布膜等的樹脂組成物中之添加劑等。添加劑可列舉
例如:調平劑;膠體二氧化矽、氧化鋁溶膠等無機微粒;聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯系有機微粒;消泡劑;下垂抑制劑;矽烷偶合劑;黏性調整劑;紫外線吸收劑;金屬鈍化劑;過氧化物分解劑;阻燃劑;補強劑;塑化劑;潤滑劑;防鏽劑;螢光增白劑;無機系熱射線吸收劑;阻焰劑;抗靜電劑;脫水劑等。
本發明之積層體係用本發明之積層用黏著劑
組成物,將鋁箔等金屬層與聚乙烯、聚丙烯等聚烯烴片材、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯等聚酯等1種或數種塑膠層黏貼而得。
而本發明之積層用黏著劑組成物係可藉由例
如以任意比例溶解/分散於酯系溶劑、酮系溶劑、芳香族系烴、脂肪族烴、脂環族烴等適當溶劑或分散劑,用輥塗法、凹版塗布法、棒塗法等眾所皆知的塗布方法,塗布於金屬箔上並乾燥,來形成黏著層。
本發明之積層用黏著劑組成物的乾燥塗布重
量較佳在0.5~20.0g/m2之範圍內。若低於0.5g/m2,則在連續均勻塗布性上會產生困難,另一方面,若超過20.0g/m2,則在塗布後的溶劑去除性會降低,除了加工性明顯降低以外,還會產生殘留溶劑之問題。
將本發明之積層用黏著劑組成物塗布在前述
金屬箔之一面後,藉由以dry lamination(乾式積層法)重疊上塑膠層並貼合,可得到本發明之積層體。積層輥的溫度較佳為室溫~60℃左右,壓力較佳為10~300kg/cm2左右。
另外,本發明之積層體較佳在製成後進行熟成。熟成條件係於室溫~100℃,12~240小時之間,在此時會產生黏著強度。
本發明之積層體可使用作為一次或二次電池
的電解液密封薄膜或電極部保護膜,在此情形係在塑膠層側使其與極性有機溶劑及/或鹽類等接觸而使用。藉由特別是在使其與包含極性有機溶劑及鹽之非水電解質接觸之狀態下使用,特別可適用為非水電解質電池、固態電池等二次電池的電解液密封薄膜或二次電池的電極部保護膜。在此情形,可藉由以讓塑膠層相對之方式摺疊並熱封,而當成電池用密封袋使用。本發明所使用之黏著劑因熱封性優良,而能防止非水電解質洩漏,並讓電池被長期使用。
前述極性有機溶劑為非質子性的極性溶劑,
可列舉例如:碳酸烷酯類、酯類、酮類等。具體來說可列舉:碳酸伸乙酯、碳酸丙烯酯、碳酸丁烯酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸甲酯乙酯、碳酸二乙酯、γ-丁內酯、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷、四氫呋喃、2-甲基四氫呋喃、1,3-二、4-甲基-1,3-二、甲酸甲酯、甲酸4-甲基-1,3-二氧甲酯、乙酸甲酯、丙酸甲酯等。
鹽可列舉:鋰鹽、鈉鹽、鉀鹽等鹼金屬鹽。作為電池用的一般使用LiPF6、LiBF4、Li-醯亞胺等鋰鹽。
非水電解質係在環狀碳酸酯、鏈狀碳酸酯、其混合物等非質子性極性有機溶劑中,溶解了0.5~3mmol之前述鹼金屬鹽而成之物。
本發明之積層體即便在使其與為前述極性溶
劑及/或鹽類,特別是其混合物之非水電解質接觸的狀態下使用,也不會產生金屬層、黏著層、塑膠層之層間剝離,可長期使用。
本發明之電池係具有由前述積層體所構成之
電池電解液密封薄膜或電池電極部保護膜的電池。本發明之電池因上述薄膜不會產生層間剝離,且可防止非水電解質洩漏,故可使電池被長期穩定地使用。
如上所述,本發明之積層體,其金屬層與塑
膠層間之黏著力優良,同時對極性有機溶劑或鹽的耐久力優良,即便與非水電解質等接觸也不會產生層間剝離。因此,將此種積層體使用作為電池電解液密封薄膜或電池電極部保護膜之電池,及將其使用作為二次電池電解液密封薄膜或二次電池電極部保護膜之二次電池,可長期穩定地使用。
以下舉出實施例及比較例詳細說明本發明。
合成例1(磷酸改性環氧樹脂(B)之合成例)
由600份的以表氯醇與雙酚A所製造之「EPICLON850」(DIC(股)製、環氧當量185)、250份的雙酚A,以氫氧化鈉作為觸媒,以通常之方法得到環氧當量900之環氧樹脂。溶解在分別為400/200/200份之二甲苯/乙二醇單丁基醚/1-丁醇後,於80℃一點一點的滴入24份的89%磷酸,進行反應10小時,確認黏度無變化後,以乙二醇單丁基醚調整讓不揮發成分達50%後,得到黏度
(25℃)為W之磷酸改性環氧樹脂(b-1)。
合成例2(磷酸改性環氧樹脂(B)之合成例)
於配備有攪拌機、溫度計、回流冷卻器及氮氣導入管之反應容器中,加入545.5份的「jER 1001」(三菱化學(股)製BPA型環氧樹脂 環氧當量475)、259.0份的二乙二醇二甲基醚,一邊加熱溶解一邊升溫至80℃。溶解後,於80℃添加59.7份的丙烯酸,接下來添加0.6份的二丁基羥基甲苯、2.4份的三苯基膦,一邊花1小時升溫至110℃一邊攪拌。於110℃保持3小時讓反應繼續進行,於酸值到達1.0mgKOH/g以下之當下降到80℃,花1小時連續滴入由12.1份的85%磷酸及70.2份的二乙二醇二甲醚所構成之混合物。滴入結束後繼續在80℃讓其反應4小時,接下來,藉由加入50.5份的二乙二醇二甲基醚讓不揮發成分達64.0%且酸值達9.0,得到磷酸改性環氧樹脂(b-2)之溶液。
(實施例1)
相對於100重量份的酸改性聚烯烴樹脂「UNISTOLE P-401」(固態成分酸值55mgKOH/g加熱殘留物8%、三井化學(股)製),以2.0重量份的磷酸改性環氧樹脂(b-1)、1.0重量份的環氧樹脂「DENACOL EX-321」(環氧當量140不揮發成分100% Nagase Chemtex(股)製)之比例予以混合分散,製成黏著劑。
使用棒塗機以讓塗布量達5.0g/m2(固態成分)之方式將前述黏著劑塗布在厚度50μm之鋁箔上,然後將稀釋溶劑揮發以乾燥。在積層輥溫度為室溫、壓力
30kg/cm2、速度20m/分鐘之條件下,將塗布了黏著劑之鋁箔的黏著劑面與厚度70μm之CPP(未拉伸聚丙烯)膜(東麗(股)製「ZK93KM」)積層,製成具有鋁箔/黏著層/CPP膜(未拉伸聚丙烯薄膜)之層結構的積層體。接下來,讓此複合膜進行60℃/3天之熟成,進行黏著劑的硬化,得到本發明之積層體1。
如表1般調配其它黏著劑,並與實施例1同樣
地製作黏著劑。接下來以與積層體1相同的製作方法製成各積層體。
對在各例所得到的積層體評價黏著性能及耐
電解質性,其結果示於表1。而各性能試驗之條件如下所述。
黏著強度:於A&D(股)製Tensilon萬能拉力試
驗將試料裁切為15mm寬,測定180°剝離強度。
耐電解質性A:將積層體浸漬於40℃的碳酸
伸乙酯30天,由浸漬前後的黏著強度之保持率,實施如下之評價。
○:90%以上、△:90~70%、×:70%以下
耐電解質性B:將積層體浸漬於40℃的碳酸丙酯30天,由浸漬前後的黏著強度之保持率,實施如下之評價。
○:90%以上、△:90~70%、×:70%以下
比較例係如表2調配,並與實施例同樣地進行,製成積層體。接下來使用該積層體,評價黏著強度、耐電解質性。
UNISTOLE P-401(三井化學(股)製)酸改性聚烯烴樹脂
固態成分酸值55mgKOH/g 加熱殘留物8%
UNISTOLE P-902(三井化學(股)製)酸改性聚烯烴樹脂
固態成分酸值55mgKOH/g 加熱殘留物22%
UNISTOLE P-901(三井化學(股)製)羥基改性聚烯烴樹脂 固態成分羧值50mgKOH/g 加熱殘留物22%
DENACOL EX-321(Nagase Chemtex(股)製)環氧樹脂環氧當量140 不揮發成分100%
EPICLON 860(DIC(股)製)雙酚A型環氧樹脂 環氧當量240 不揮發成分100%
TAKENATE D-101(三井武田化學(股)製)HDI加成物NCO%13 不揮發成分75%
Claims (9)
- 一種積層用黏著劑組成物,其特徵為其包含:具有羥基及/或酸基之聚烯烴樹脂(A)、磷酸改性化合物(B)。
- 如請求項1之積層用黏著劑組成物,其中該聚烯烴樹脂(A)係具有1~200mgKOH/g之酸值的改性聚烯烴樹脂及/或具有1~200mgKOH/g之羧值的改性聚烯烴樹脂。
- 如請求項1之積層用黏著劑組成物,其中該磷酸改性化合物(B)係從由下述通式(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)及(5)所構成之群組中所選出的1種以上化合物;(式中的R1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6係各自獨立地表示數量平均分子量350~3000的環氧樹脂之殘基及/或改性環氧樹脂之殘基,R7、R10及R11係各自獨立地表示碳數8以下之伸烷基,R8、R9及R12係各自獨立地表示環氧基、異丙烯基、或乙烯基),
- 如請求項1之積層用黏著劑組成物,其進一步包含環氧當量為160~1000之環氧樹脂(C)。
- 如請求項1之積層用黏著劑組成物,其係包含聚異氰酸酯化合物(D)。
- 如請求項1至5中任一項之積層用黏著劑組成物,其係相對於100重量份的該聚烯烴樹脂(A)調配0.1~30重量份之比例的磷酸改性化合物(B)。
- 如請求項1之積層用黏著劑組成物,其係相對於100重量份的該聚烯烴樹脂(A)調配0.1~30重量份之比例的環氧樹脂(C)。
- 一種積層體,其係在金屬層與聚烯烴樹脂層之間使用 如請求項1~7中任一項之積層用黏著劑組成物。
- 一種二次電池,其係包含如請求項8之積層體。
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TWI695870B (zh) * | 2015-03-25 | 2020-06-11 | 日商東洋油墨Sc控股股份有限公司 | 接著劑組成物、積層體、蓄電裝置用包裝材、蓄電裝置用容器及蓄電裝置 |
TWI711676B (zh) * | 2015-08-28 | 2020-12-01 | 日商迪愛生股份有限公司 | 積層用接著劑、多層薄膜、及使用其之二次電池 |
TWI785173B (zh) * | 2017-12-26 | 2022-12-01 | 日商迪愛生股份有限公司 | 接著劑、積層體、電池用包裝材料及電池 |
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CN104662114B (zh) | 2016-08-10 |
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