RU2006136877A - Обладающие покрытием абразивные материалы и способ их изготовления - Google Patents

Обладающие покрытием абразивные материалы и способ их изготовления Download PDF

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RU2006136877A
RU2006136877A RU2006136877/15A RU2006136877A RU2006136877A RU 2006136877 A RU2006136877 A RU 2006136877A RU 2006136877/15 A RU2006136877/15 A RU 2006136877/15A RU 2006136877 A RU2006136877 A RU 2006136877A RU 2006136877 A RU2006136877 A RU 2006136877A
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superhard abrasive
oxide
abrasive particles
molybdenum
tungsten
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RU2006136877/15A
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English (en)
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RU2409605C2 (ru
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Антионетте КАН (ZA)
Антионетте КАН
Анна Эмела МОЧУБЕЛЕ (ZA)
Анна Эмела МОЧУБЕЛЕ
Джеффри Джон ДЕЙВИС (ZA)
Джеффри Джон ДЕЙВИС
Йоханнес Лодевикус МАЙБУРГ (ZA)
Йоханнес Лодевикус МАЙБУРГ
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Элемент Сикс (Пти) Лтд. (Za)
Элемент Сикс (Пти) Лтд.
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Abstract

1. Способ нанесения покрытия на сверхтвердые абразивные частицы, включающий стадии использования множества сверхтвердых абразивных частиц, обладающих витреофильными поверхностями, нанесения на сверхтвердые абразивные частицы покрытия из оксидного материала-предшественника и термической обработки обладающих покрытием сверхтвердых абразивных частиц для высушивания и очистки покрытий.2. Способ по п.1, в котором обладающие покрытием сверхтвердые абразивные частицы обрабатывают для превращения оксидного материала-предшественника в оксид, нитрид, карбид, оксинитрид, оксикарбид или карбонитрид оксидного материала-предшественника, или в элементную форму оксидного материала-предшественника, или в их комбинации.3. Способ по п.1, в котором оксидный материал-предшественник представляет собой аморфный или нанокристаллический оксид, гидроксид или оксогидроксид.4. Способ по п.1, в котором сверхтвердые абразивные частицы выбраны из группы, включающей алмаз, кубический нитрид бора, карбид кремния, нитрид кремния, карбид бора и субоксид бора (ВО).5. Способ по п.1, в котором сверхтвердые абразивные частицы представляют собой алмаз, или кубический нитрид бора, или комбинации этих материалов и в котором частицы подвергнуты поверхностной обработке, чтобы сделать их поверхности витреофильными.6. Способ по п.2, в котором подвергнутый превращению оксидный материал-предшественник выбран из группы, включающей обладающие зернами микрометрового, субмикрометрового или нанометрового размера оксиды, нитриды, карбиды, оксинитриды, оксикарбиды и карбонитриды оксидных материалов-предшественников, или элементные материалы-предшеств

Claims (38)

1. Способ нанесения покрытия на сверхтвердые абразивные частицы, включающий стадии использования множества сверхтвердых абразивных частиц, обладающих витреофильными поверхностями, нанесения на сверхтвердые абразивные частицы покрытия из оксидного материала-предшественника и термической обработки обладающих покрытием сверхтвердых абразивных частиц для высушивания и очистки покрытий.
2. Способ по п.1, в котором обладающие покрытием сверхтвердые абразивные частицы обрабатывают для превращения оксидного материала-предшественника в оксид, нитрид, карбид, оксинитрид, оксикарбид или карбонитрид оксидного материала-предшественника, или в элементную форму оксидного материала-предшественника, или в их комбинации.
3. Способ по п.1, в котором оксидный материал-предшественник представляет собой аморфный или нанокристаллический оксид, гидроксид или оксогидроксид.
4. Способ по п.1, в котором сверхтвердые абразивные частицы выбраны из группы, включающей алмаз, кубический нитрид бора, карбид кремния, нитрид кремния, карбид бора и субоксид бора (В6О).
5. Способ по п.1, в котором сверхтвердые абразивные частицы представляют собой алмаз, или кубический нитрид бора, или комбинации этих материалов и в котором частицы подвергнуты поверхностной обработке, чтобы сделать их поверхности витреофильными.
6. Способ по п.2, в котором подвергнутый превращению оксидный материал-предшественник выбран из группы, включающей обладающие зернами микрометрового, субмикрометрового или нанометрового размера оксиды, нитриды, карбиды, оксинитриды, оксикарбиды и карбонитриды оксидных материалов-предшественников, или элементные материалы-предшественники, или их комбинации.
7. Способ по п.2, в котором подвергнутый превращению оксидный материал-предшественник выбран из группы, включающей оксиды, нитриды, карбиды, оксинитриды, оксикарбиды и карбонитриды алюминия, титана, кремния, ванадия, циркония, ниобия, гафния, тантала, хрома, молибдена и вольфрама, и элементные формы молибдена и вольфрама, и любую подходящую комбинацию этих материалов.
8. Способ по п.2, в котором подвергнутый превращению оксидный материал-предшественник представляет собой обладающее зернами нанометрового размера соединение алюминия, титана, кремния, ванадия, циркония, ниобия, гафния, тантала, хрома, молибдена или вольфрама или любую подходящую комбинацию этих материалов.
9. Способ по п.2, в котором подвергнутый превращению оксидный материал-предшественник представляет собой обладающую зернами нанометрового размера элементную форму вольфрама, молибдена или комбинацию или сплав этих металлов.
10. Способ по п.1, в котором оксидный материал-предшественник в виде покрытия нанесен на сверхтвердые абразивные частицы с использованием так называемой золь-гелевой методики.
11. Способ по п.10, в котором сверхтвердые абразивные частицы суспендированы в жидкой среде и введен подходящий химический реагент для образования коллоидных частиц, которые связываются с поверхностями соответствующих частиц и образуют покрытия на частицах.
12. Способ по п.11, в котором подходящий химический реагент представляет собой по меньшей мере один алкоксид или раствор алкоксида (алкоксидов) в спирте.
13. Способ по п.11, в котором жидкой средой является аликвота воды и спирта.
14. Способ по п.11, в котором подходящим химическим реагентом является аликвота воды и спирта.
15. Способ по п.11, в котором жидкой средой является по меньшей мере один алкоксид или раствор алкоксида (алкоксидов) в спирте.
16. Способ по п.12, в котором алкоксид представляет собой алкоксид элемента, выбранного из группы, включающей алюминий, титан, кремний, цирконий, ванадий, ниобий, тантал, хром, молибден, вольфрам, гафний и иттрий.
17. Способ по п.12, в котором в жидкую среду введены 2 или большее количество алкоксидов, которые выбраны из группы, включающей алкоксиды элементов алюминия, титана, кремния, циркония, ванадия, ниобия, тантала, хрома, молибдена, вольфрама, гафния и иттрия.
18. Способ по п.14, в котором жидкая среда включает 2 или большее количество алкоксидов в спиртовом растворе, которые выбраны из группы, включающей алкоксиды элементов алюминия, титана, кремния, циркония, ванадия, ниобия, тантала, хрома, молибдена, вольфрама, гафния и иттрия.
19. Способ по п.11, в котором подходящий химический реагент или жидкая среда, в зависимости от обстоятельств, представляет собой раствор смешанного алкоксидного соединения или комплекса, включающего два или большее количество элементов алюминия, титана, кремния, циркония, ванадия, ниобия, тантала, хрома, молибдена, вольфрама, гафния или иттрия.
20. Способ по п.11, в котором спирт содержит такую же алкильную группу, что и алкоксид(ы).
21. Способ по п.1, в котором оксидный материал-предшественник покрытия является в основном микропористым.
22. Способ по п.21, в котором обладающие покрытием сверхтвердые абразивные частицы подвергают нагреванию с регулированием температуры на воздухе, в вакууме или в инертном газе для удаления летучих и нежелательных химических веществ, присоединенных к большим участкам поверхности микропористых аморфных покрытий.
23. Способ по п.22, в котором обладающие покрытием сверхтвердые абразивные частицы подвергают дополнительной термической обработке или прокаливанию для кристаллизации покрытий в форме мелкозернистых или обладающих зернами нанометрового размера оксидных керамик.
24. Способ по п.22, в котором обладающие покрытием сверхтвердые абразивные частицы подвергают дополнительной термической обработке для витрификации покрытий с образованием стекол.
25. Способ по п.21, в котором обладающие покрытием сверхтвердые абразивные частицы вводят в проводимые с регулированием температуры реакции в реакционноспособных газах для превращения материалов покрытий в неоксидные керамики или стекла.
26. Способ по п.25, в котором нитриды образуют по реакции покрытий с газообразным аммиаком.
27. Способ по п.25, в котором карбиды образуют по реакции покрытий в смесях углеродсодержащих газов с водородом.
28. Способ по п.27, в котором карбиды образуют по реакции покрытий в смеси метана или этана с водородом.
29. Способ по п.21, в котором обладающие покрытием сверхтвердые абразивные частицы вводят в проводимые с регулированием температуры реакции в реакционноспособных газах для превращения материалов покрытий в оксинитридные или оксикарбидные керамики или стекла.
30. Способ по п.22, в котором оксидные покрытия восстанавливают водородом и превращают в обладающие зернами микрометрового или нанометрового размера элементы или металлы.
31. Обладающий покрытием сверхтвердый абразивный измельченный материал, включающий частицы алмаза или кубического нитрида бора, обладающие покрытиями, выбранными из группы, включающей нитриды титана, ванадия, ниобия, тантала, молибдена и вольфрама или карбиды ванадия, ниобия, тантала, молибдена и вольфрама.
32. Обладающий покрытием сверхтвердый абразивный измельченный материал, включающий частицы алмаза или кубического нитрида бора, обладающие покрытиями, выбранными из группы, включающей фазу анатаза диоксида титана, фазу рутила диоксида титана, тетрагональный диоксид циркония, моноклинный диоксид циркония, диоксид циркония, стабилизированный оксидом иттрия или оксидом магния, переходные структуры или альфа-фазу оксида алюминия и оксиды ванадия, ниобия, тантала, гафния, молибдена и вольфрама.
33. Обладающий покрытием сверхтвердый абразивный измельченный материал, включающий частицы алмаза или кубического нитрида бора, обладающие покрытием из кварцевого стекла.
34. Обладающий покрытием сверхтвердый абразивный измельченный материал по п.31, в котором алмаз или cBN обладает микрометровым, субмикрометровым или нанометровым размером.
35. Обладающий покрытием сверхтвердый абразивный измельченный материал, включающий частицы алмаза или кубического нитрида бора микрометрового, субмикрометрового или нанометрового размера, обладающие покрытием из оксидов титана, ванадия, ниобия, тантала, алюминия, кремния, молибдена или вольфрама, или нитридов или карбидов титана, ванадия, ниобия, тантала или молибдена, или металлического молибдена или вольфрама.
36. Обладающий покрытием сверхтвердый абразивный измельченный материал по п.31, в котором толщина покрытия составляет менее 2 мкм.
37. Обладающий покрытием сверхтвердый абразивный измельченный материал по п.32, в котором алмаз или cBN обладает микрометровым, субмикрометровым или нанометровым размером.
38. Обладающий покрытием сверхтвердый абразивный измельченный материал по п.33, в котором алмаз или cBN обладает микрометровым, субмикрометровым или нанометровым размером.
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