KR100461152B1 - 유기성 광-방출 장치 - Google Patents
유기성 광-방출 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- KR100461152B1 KR100461152B1 KR10-2001-7007617A KR20017007617A KR100461152B1 KR 100461152 B1 KR100461152 B1 KR 100461152B1 KR 20017007617 A KR20017007617 A KR 20017007617A KR 100461152 B1 KR100461152 B1 KR 100461152B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
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- layer
- electrode
- light emitting
- organic
- Prior art date
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 241
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 75
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 abstract description 29
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 71
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 57
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 7
- -1 Al 2 O 3 Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006069 physical mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenium;zinc Chemical compound [Se]=[Zn] SBIBMFFZSBJNJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);selenium(2-) Chemical compound [Se-2].[Cd+2] UHYPYGJEEGLRJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002207 thermal evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910006592 α-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FNQJDLTXOVEEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-benzothiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SN=NC2=C1 FNQJDLTXOVEEFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PZWLRLIAVLSBQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dioctyl-9h-fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=C(CCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCC)=C3CC2=C1 PZWLRLIAVLSBQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005964 Acibenzolar-S-methyl Substances 0.000 description 1
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 206010064127 Solar lentigo Diseases 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium fluoride Inorganic materials [F-].[Cs+] XJHCXCQVJFPJIK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000547 conjugated polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001841 imino group Chemical group [H]N=* 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011533 mixed conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/805—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/14—Carrier transporting layers
- H10K50/16—Electron transporting layers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/917—Electroluminescent
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (59)
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- 제 1 전극층과 제 2 전극층 사이에 배치된 발광성 재료 층을 포함하고, 상기 제 1 전극층 및 제 2 전극층과 발광성 재료 사이에서 전하 수송자가 이동할 수 있도록 되어 있는 발광 장치에 있어서,제 1 전극층은 복수 개의 하위-전극들로 구성되고, 각각의 하위-전극들은 그 하위-전극을 바로 직접 둘러싸고 있는 하위-전극들 각각에 가용성 링크를 거쳐서 연결되고, 상기 가용성 링크는 특정 값을 초과하는 전류를 받을 때에 파단되어서 각각의 하위-전극들을 다른 하위-전극들로부터 전기적으로 차단시킬 수 있도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 발광 장치.
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- 제23항에 있어서, 상기 복수 개의 하위-전극들은 질서 정연한 평행 열 및 행 배열을 형성하도록 배열되고, 각각의 하위-전극은 동일한 열과 행 내에서 그 하위-전극에 바로 인접한 하위-전극 각각에 가용성 링크를 거쳐서 연결되어 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 발광 장치.
- 제23항 또는 제25항에 있어서, 하위-전극들의 크기 및 간격은, 발광 장치가 작동하는 중에 발광 장치에 의해 방출된 광이 발광 영역 전체에 걸쳐서 연속된 강도로 사람 눈에 나타날 수 있도록 선택된 것을 특징으로 하는 발광 장치.
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Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GBGB9827699.1A GB9827699D0 (en) | 1998-12-16 | 1998-12-16 | Organic light-emitting devices |
GB9827699.1 | 1998-12-16 | ||
GB9907120.1 | 1999-03-26 | ||
GBGB9907120.1A GB9907120D0 (en) | 1998-12-16 | 1999-03-26 | Organic light-emissive devices |
PCT/GB1999/004150 WO2000036662A1 (en) | 1998-12-16 | 1999-12-15 | Organic light-emitting devices |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020047014048A Division KR100546876B1 (ko) | 1998-12-16 | 1999-12-15 | 유기 발광 장치 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
KR20010093847A KR20010093847A (ko) | 2001-10-29 |
KR100461152B1 true KR100461152B1 (ko) | 2004-12-13 |
Family
ID=26314844
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020047014048A KR100546876B1 (ko) | 1998-12-16 | 1999-12-15 | 유기 발광 장치 |
KR10-2001-7007617A KR100461152B1 (ko) | 1998-12-16 | 1999-12-15 | 유기성 광-방출 장치 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020047014048A KR100546876B1 (ko) | 1998-12-16 | 1999-12-15 | 유기 발광 장치 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7005196B1 (ko) |
EP (1) | EP1145337A1 (ko) |
JP (2) | JP3662496B2 (ko) |
KR (2) | KR100546876B1 (ko) |
CN (2) | CN1184703C (ko) |
AU (1) | AU1788200A (ko) |
GB (1) | GB9907120D0 (ko) |
HK (1) | HK1050425A1 (ko) |
WO (1) | WO2000036662A1 (ko) |
Families Citing this family (47)
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US6509581B1 (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2003-01-21 | Delta Optoelectronics, Inc. | Structure and fabrication process for an improved polymer light emitting diode |
US6680578B2 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2004-01-20 | Osram Opto Semiconductors, Gmbh | Organic light emitting diode light source |
JP2003163078A (ja) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-06-06 | Hitachi Ltd | 表示装置 |
EP1550356A1 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2005-07-06 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH | Electroluminescent display with improved light outcoupling |
JP2004235548A (ja) * | 2003-01-31 | 2004-08-19 | Nec Electronics Corp | 半導体装置およびその製造方法 |
DE102004025578B4 (de) * | 2004-05-25 | 2009-04-23 | Applied Materials Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zum Herstellen von organischen, Licht emittierenden Flächenelementen und Verwendung dieses Verfahrens |
JP4550529B2 (ja) * | 2004-09-02 | 2010-09-22 | 株式会社 日立ディスプレイズ | 液晶表示装置 |
KR101486037B1 (ko) | 2004-09-13 | 2015-01-23 | 가부시키가이샤 한도오따이 에네루기 켄큐쇼 | 조명장치 |
JP4525303B2 (ja) * | 2004-11-10 | 2010-08-18 | 富士電機ホールディングス株式会社 | 有機el素子およびその製造方法 |
WO2006104020A1 (en) * | 2005-03-25 | 2006-10-05 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Light emitting element, light emitting device and electric appliance using the same |
JP2006324600A (ja) * | 2005-05-20 | 2006-11-30 | Toyota Industries Corp | 発光装置及び液晶表示装置 |
KR100721948B1 (ko) | 2005-08-30 | 2007-05-25 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 유기 전계 발광 표시 장치 및 그의 제조 방법 |
EP2122709B1 (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2010-09-22 | Philips Intellectual Property & Standards GmbH | Large area light emitting diode light source |
US20080246394A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-09 | Fujikura Ltd. | Organic light-emitting diode element and optical interconnection module |
JP2009021073A (ja) * | 2007-07-11 | 2009-01-29 | Sumitomo Chemical Co Ltd | 自発光型素子及び照明装置並びに表示装置 |
DE102007055137A1 (de) * | 2007-11-19 | 2009-05-20 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Organische Leuchtdiode und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
JP2010056075A (ja) | 2008-07-29 | 2010-03-11 | Sony Corp | 発光素子及び有機エレクトロルミネッセンス表示装置 |
JP2010056211A (ja) * | 2008-08-27 | 2010-03-11 | Seiko Epson Corp | 有機el装置およびその製造方法 |
JP5115491B2 (ja) * | 2009-02-12 | 2013-01-09 | ソニー株式会社 | 有機電界発光素子および表示装置 |
JP2011040244A (ja) | 2009-08-10 | 2011-02-24 | Sony Corp | 発光素子 |
JP5425217B2 (ja) * | 2009-10-27 | 2014-02-26 | 株式会社アルバック | 有機elランプ |
JP5423325B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-10 | 2014-02-19 | ソニー株式会社 | 発光素子及びその製造方法 |
JP5463882B2 (ja) | 2009-12-01 | 2014-04-09 | ソニー株式会社 | 発光素子及びその製造方法 |
CN101931059B (zh) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-09-05 | 北京大学 | 一种双导电极、基于双导电极的oled器件及制备方法 |
TWI430442B (zh) * | 2010-10-28 | 2014-03-11 | Au Optronics Corp | 有機發光裝置及其製造方法 |
WO2012086662A1 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2012-06-28 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Lighting device |
US8552440B2 (en) | 2010-12-24 | 2013-10-08 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Lighting device |
CN103262656B (zh) | 2010-12-28 | 2016-08-24 | 株式会社半导体能源研究所 | 发光单元、发光装置以及照明装置 |
US9516713B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 | 2016-12-06 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Light-emitting device |
JP5925511B2 (ja) | 2011-02-11 | 2016-05-25 | 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 | 発光ユニット、発光装置、照明装置 |
US8772795B2 (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2014-07-08 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Light-emitting device and lighting device |
US8735874B2 (en) | 2011-02-14 | 2014-05-27 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Light-emitting device, display device, and method for manufacturing the same |
WO2013030919A1 (ja) * | 2011-08-29 | 2013-03-07 | パイオニア株式会社 | 有機エレクトロルミネッセンスデバイス |
KR101888157B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-20 | 2018-08-14 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 유기발광다이오드표시장치 |
GB201204670D0 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2012-05-02 | Cambridge Display Tech Ltd | Optoelectronic device |
JP2014027192A (ja) | 2012-07-30 | 2014-02-06 | Sony Corp | 発光素子およびこれを備えた表示装置、並びに電子機器 |
US9289750B2 (en) | 2013-03-09 | 2016-03-22 | Brigham Young University | Method of making highly porous, stable aluminum oxides doped with silicon |
CN104124380A (zh) * | 2013-04-24 | 2014-10-29 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 有机电致发光器件及其制备方法 |
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- 1999-12-15 KR KR1020047014048A patent/KR100546876B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-15 EP EP99961189A patent/EP1145337A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-12-15 WO PCT/GB1999/004150 patent/WO2000036662A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-15 CN CNB99815945XA patent/CN1184703C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-15 AU AU17882/00A patent/AU1788200A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-15 KR KR10-2001-7007617A patent/KR100461152B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-15 US US09/868,351 patent/US7005196B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-15 CN CN02142173.0A patent/CN1242495C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2003
- 2003-04-10 HK HK03102593A patent/HK1050425A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
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2005
- 2005-01-13 JP JP2005006576A patent/JP4837286B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Also Published As
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US7005196B1 (en) | 2006-02-28 |
CN1242495C (zh) | 2006-02-15 |
AU1788200A (en) | 2000-07-03 |
CN1334967A (zh) | 2002-02-06 |
CN1400676A (zh) | 2003-03-05 |
WO2000036662A1 (en) | 2000-06-22 |
US7255939B2 (en) | 2007-08-14 |
EP1145337A1 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
JP2002532848A (ja) | 2002-10-02 |
KR20040099309A (ko) | 2004-11-26 |
KR20010093847A (ko) | 2001-10-29 |
JP2005209647A (ja) | 2005-08-04 |
CN1184703C (zh) | 2005-01-12 |
JP4837286B2 (ja) | 2011-12-14 |
JP3662496B2 (ja) | 2005-06-22 |
GB9907120D0 (en) | 1999-05-19 |
US20060119253A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
HK1050425A1 (en) | 2003-06-20 |
KR100546876B1 (ko) | 2006-11-23 |
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