JP5925511B2 - 発光ユニット、発光装置、照明装置 - Google Patents
発光ユニット、発光装置、照明装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5925511B2 JP5925511B2 JP2012025713A JP2012025713A JP5925511B2 JP 5925511 B2 JP5925511 B2 JP 5925511B2 JP 2012025713 A JP2012025713 A JP 2012025713A JP 2012025713 A JP2012025713 A JP 2012025713A JP 5925511 B2 JP5925511 B2 JP 5925511B2
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O UGNWTBMOAKPKBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracyanoquinodimethane Chemical compound N#CC(C#N)=C1C=CC(=C(C#N)C#N)C=C1 PCCVSPMFGIFTHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin(2+) Chemical compound [Sn+2] IUTCEZPPWBHGIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QGJSAGBHFTXOTM-UHFFFAOYSA-K trifluoroerbium Chemical compound F[Er](F)F QGJSAGBHFTXOTM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJGUQZGGEUNPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)phenolate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 CJGUQZGGEUNPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GWDUZCIBPDVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3h-1,3-benzothiazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)SC2=CC=CC=C2N1.OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)SC2=CC=CC=C2N1 GWDUZCIBPDVBJM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QEPMORHSGFRDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-3h-1,3-benzoxazole-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)OC2=CC=CC=C2N1.OC1=CC=CC=C1C1(C([O-])=O)OC2=CC=CC=C2N1 QEPMORHSGFRDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HTPBWAPZAJWXKY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;quinolin-8-olate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CN=C2C([O-])=CC=CC2=C1 HTPBWAPZAJWXKY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/80—Constructional details
- H10K59/86—Series electrical configurations of multiple OLEDs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/805—Electrodes
- H10K50/82—Cathodes
- H10K50/822—Cathodes characterised by their shape
Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の発光ユニットについて図1乃至図5を用いて説明する。
まず、本実施の形態で示す発光ユニットの構成について図1及び図2を用いて説明する。なお、本実施の形態では、3つ発光素子を直列に接続した発光ユニットを例示するが、接続する発光素子の数はこれに限定されない。
図1(A)は、発光ユニットの上面図であり、図1(B)は、図1(A)におけるA−A’間の断面図である。なお、図面をわかりやすくするため、図1(A)では全面に形成される平坦化層134、EL層102(EL層102a乃至EL層102c)、上部電極108(上部電極108a乃至上部電極108c)、封止膜138の記載を省略している。また、図2(A)は、図1(A)におけるB−B’間の断面図である。また、図2(B)は、図1(A)におけるC−C’間の断面図である。図1(A)(B)及び図2(A)(B)に示す発光ユニットは、基板100上に、配線133a、配線133b、平坦化層134、隔壁107、第1の発光素子11、第2の発光素子12、第3の発光素子13、分離層139(脚部139a及び台部139b)、封止膜138a、及び封止膜138bを有する。
また、分離層139は、脚部139aが下部電極103と隔壁107に接する領域の面積よりも、下部電極103に対する投影面積が広い台部139bを有している。すなわち、台部139bが、脚部139aが下部電極103と隔壁107に接する領域の外側にせり出して形成されている。
また、下部電極の一方の端部の形状を工夫することにより、下部電極と上部電極がEL層を介する構成であっても下部電極と上部電極との物理的、電気的接触を良好にすることができる。
図6(A)は、構成例1と異なる構成を有する発光ユニットの断面図である。図6(A)に示す発光ユニットは、基板100上に、配線133a、平坦化層134、隔壁107、第1の発光素子11、第2の発光素子12、分離層139、封止膜138a、及び封止膜138bを有する。
図6(B)は、構成例1及び構成例2と異なる構成を有する発光ユニットの断面図である。図6(B)に示す発光ユニットは、基板100上に、配線133a、平坦化層134、隔壁107、第1の発光素子11、第2の発光素子12、分離層139、封止膜138a、及び封止膜138bを有する。
以下に、本発明の一態様である発光ユニットに用いることができる材料の一例を記す。
発光ユニットが有する発光素子の構造を、発光素子から放射する光を基板100側から取り出す構造(ボトムエミッション構造)とする場合に用いる基板100の材料としては、ガラス、石英、有機樹脂などの透光性を有する材料を挙げることができる。
封止膜・下地膜は、バリア性を有する材料を用いて形成することができる。
分離層は、無機絶縁材料や有機絶縁材料を用いて形成することができる。例えば、ネガ型の感光性を有する樹脂材料を用いることができる。
配線の材料としては、銅(Cu)、チタン(Ti)、タンタル(Ta)、タングステン(W)、モリブデン(Mo)、クロム(Cr)、ネオジム(Nd)、スカンジウム(Sc)、ニッケル(Ni)、から選ばれた材料又はこれらを主成分とする合金材料を用いて、単層で又は積層して形成する。また、配線の材料としてアルミニウムを用いることもできるが、アルミニウムと、ITOなどの金属酸化物導電膜を直接接して設けると、アルミニウムが酸化されて抵抗値が増大する恐れがある。よって、配線を積層構造とし、ITOなどと接しない層にアルミニウムを用いればよい。本実施の形態の配線は、チタン膜上に銅膜を積層する構成とした。銅は抵抗が低いため、好適に用いることができる。配線の膜厚は、2μm以上35μm以下とすることが好ましい。
平坦化層134は、無機絶縁材料又は有機絶縁材料を用いて形成することができる。なお、アクリル樹脂、ポリイミド、ベンゾシクロブテン系樹脂、ポリアミド、エポキシ樹脂等の、耐熱性を有する有機絶縁材料を用いると、平坦化絶縁膜として好適である。また上記有機絶縁材料の他に、低誘電率材料(low−k材料)、シロキサン系樹脂、PSG(リンガラス)、BPSG(リンボロンガラス)等を用いることができる。なお、これらの材料で形成される絶縁膜を複数積層させることで、平坦化層134を形成してもよい。
隔壁の材料としては、例えば、ポリイミド、アクリル樹脂、ポリアミド、エポキシ樹脂等の有機樹脂、または無機絶縁材料を用いることができる。
本実施の形態では、先の実施の形態に示した本発明の一態様である発光ユニットの作製方法について、図4に示す断面図を用いて説明する。なお明瞭化のため、図4には図1で示した直列接続された複数の発光素子のうち、隣接する2つの発光素子を抜き出して示し、説明を行う。また、分離層139として用いることの出来る形状について、図5を用いて説明する。
まず、基板100上に配線を構成する導電膜を形成する。当該導電膜は、スパッタリング法等の成膜方法を用いることができる。その後、公知の半導体加工技術を用いて不要な部分を除去し、配線133a、及び図4に図示しない配線133b(図1参照)を形成する。
構成例2(図6(A)参照)は、分離層139が構成例1と異なる。分離層139はネガ型の感光性を有する有機膜を形成し、露光、現像処理を行うことにより形成することができる。ここで、有機膜の下部に向かって露光強度が低下するよう露光強度を調整することにより、分離層139の下部への光の回りこみの影響が促進され、分離層139をいわゆる逆テーパー形状とすることが出来る。
構成例3(図6(B)参照)は、隔壁107が、下部電極103aの端部と該端部に隣接する下部電極103bの端部を覆う点で構成例1と異なる。したがって、隔壁107を隣接する下部電極の端部を覆う形状となるように形成すればよい。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一形態として上記実施の形態で例示した発光ユニットを適用した発光装置の一例について、図7及び図8を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、上記実施の形態で例示した発光ユニット10を適用した発光装置の光取り出し効率を向上させる構成について、図9を用いて説明する。なお、図9は、図8(B)で説明した発光装置の光取り出し効率を向上させる例について示している。
変形例1は、基板100bの大気と接する側の面に、凹凸形状を有する構造体118を有する以外は、実施の形態3に示した構成と同様の構成を適用することができる。
次に、図9(A)と異なる構成を有する発光装置について、図9(B)及び図9(C)を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様に適用できるEL層の一例について、図10を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の発光ユニットを用いて完成させた照明装置の一例について、図11を用いて説明する。
11 第1の発光素子
12 第2の発光素子
13 第3の発光素子
100 基板
102 EL層
103 下部電極
107 隔壁
108 上部電極
109 開口部
118 構造体
122 構造体
134 平坦化層
135 開口
138 封止膜
139 分離層
141 ボイド
145 直線
146 空間
150 コンバータ
160 電極
171 シール材
172 シール材
175 空間
176 充填材
178 絶縁膜
701 正孔注入層
702 正孔輸送層
703 発光性の有機化合物を含む層
704 電子輸送層
705 電子注入層
706 電子注入バッファー層
707 電子リレー層
708 複合材料層
800 EL層
801 EL層
803 電荷発生層
901 照明装置
902 照明装置
903 卓上照明器具
904 面状照明装置
1000 発光装置
1100 発光素子
9501 照明部
9503 支柱
9505 支持台
100a 基板
100b 基板
102a EL層
102b EL層
102c EL層
103a 下部電極
103b 下部電極
103c 下部電極
108a 上部電極
108b 上部電極
108c 上部電極
10a 発光ユニット
10b 発光ユニット
10c 発光ユニット
133a 配線
133b 配線
138a 封止膜
138b 封止膜
139a 脚部
139b 台部
149a 絶縁膜
149b 絶縁膜
173a ガラス層
173b ガラス層
Claims (10)
- 第1の発光素子と、第2の発光素子と、を有し、
前記第1の発光素子は、第1の電極と、第2の電極と、第1の隔壁と、発光性の有機化合物を含む第1の層と、を有し、
前記第2の発光素子は、第3の電極と、第4の電極と、第2の隔壁と、分離層と、発光性の有機化合物を含む第2の層と、を有し、
前記第2の電極は、前記第1の電極と重畳し、
前記第1の隔壁は、前記第1の電極の端部を覆い、
前記発光性の有機化合物を含む第1の層は、前記第1の電極と前記第2の電極との間に設けられ、
前記第4の電極は、前記第3の電極と重畳し、
前記第2の隔壁は、前記第3の電極上に設けられ、
前記分離層は、前記第3の電極上及び前記第2の隔壁上に設けられ、
前記発光性の有機化合物を含む第2の層は、前記第3の電極と前記第4の電極との間に設けられ、
前記第2の電極は、前記第3の電極と電気的に接続され、
前記第2の電極及び前記第4の電極は、有機化合物と金属酸化物を含む複合材料を有し、
前記分離層は、脚部と、台部と、を有し、
前記台部は、前記脚部が前記第3の電極及び前記第2の隔壁と接する領域の外側にせり出し、
前記第1の発光素子及び前記第2の発光素子を覆って封止膜を有し、
前記台部のせり出した部分の直下に乾燥剤を有することを特徴とする発光ユニット。 - 請求項1において、
前記乾燥剤は、
前記台部のせり出した部分の直下であって、前記封止膜、前記第2の電極及び前記分離層で囲まれた部分に設けられ、
前記台部のせり出した部分の直下であって、前記封止膜、前記第4の電極及び前記分離層で囲まれた部分に設けられていることを特徴とする発光ユニット。 - 請求項1または2において、
前記第2の電極は、前記台部と重畳する領域で、前記第3の電極と電気的に接続されていることを特徴とする発光ユニット。 - 請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれか一項において、
前記第2の電極及び前記第4の電極は、前記複合材料と、金属材料または透光性を有する導電性材料の積層であることを特徴とする発光ユニット。 - 請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれか一項において、
前記有機化合物は、正孔輸送性の高い有機化合物であることを特徴とする発光ユニット。 - 請求項1乃至請求項5のいずれか一項において、
前記金属酸化物は、酸化モリブデンであることを特徴とする発光ユニット。 - 請求項1乃至請求項6のいずれか一項において、
前記複合材料は、ハロゲン元素を有することを特徴とする発光ユニット。 - 請求項7において、
前記ハロゲン元素は、フッ素元素であることを特徴とする発光ユニット。 - コンバータを有し、前記コンバータの出力電圧により、請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか一項に記載の発光ユニットを駆動する発光装置。
- 請求項1乃至請求項8のいずれか一項に記載の発光ユニットを発光部に備える照明装置。
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US8742405B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 |
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