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JPWO2019178614A5
JPWO2019178614A5 JP2020549679A JP2020549679A JPWO2019178614A5 JP WO2019178614 A5 JPWO2019178614 A5 JP WO2019178614A5 JP 2020549679 A JP2020549679 A JP 2020549679A JP 2020549679 A JP2020549679 A JP 2020549679A JP WO2019178614 A5 JPWO2019178614 A5 JP WO2019178614A5
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waveguide
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grating
control layer
birefringence control
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なおもさらなる付加的実施形態では、複屈折制御層は、屈折力を提供する。
多くの実施形態では、複屈折制御層は、HPDLC内に記録されるサブ波長格子によって提供される。そのような格子は、形状複屈折の現象を呈することが公知であり、4分の1波長および半波長リターデーションを含む、様々な偏光機能を提供するように構成されることができる。いくつかの実施形態では、複屈折制御層は、LCダイレクタが偏光または無偏光光を用いてアゾ染料ドープ整合層を照射することによって整合される、液晶媒体によって提供される。いくつかの実施形態では、複屈折制御層は、サブミクロン分解能ステップを伴うLCダイレクタ配向パターンを提供するようにパターン化される。同一の実施形態では、複屈折制御層は、LCダイレクタ配向の連続的変動を提供するように処理される。いくつかの実施形態では、上記に説明される技法のうちの1つ以上のものを組み合わせることによって提供される複屈折制御層が、ラビングプロセスまたはポリイミド整合層と組み合わせられる。いくつかの実施形態では、複屈折制御層は、屈折力を提供する。いくつかの実施形態では、複屈折制御層は、屈折率勾配構造を提供する。いくつかの実施形態では、複屈折制御層は、少なくとも1つのHPDLC格子と、少なくとも1つの整合層とを含有するスタックによって提供される。多くの実施形態では、複屈折格子は、ロール軸回転kベクトルを有してもよい。Kベクトルは、入力および回折角度の所与の範囲に関する光学効率を判定する、格子平面(またはフリンジ)に対して法線に整合されるベクトルである。Kベクトルをロール軸回転させることは、導波管厚さを増加させる必要性を伴わずに、格子の角度帯域幅が拡大されることを可能にする。多くの実施形態では、複屈折格子は、射出瞳拡大を提供するための折り返し格子である。折り返し格子は、「WAVEGUIDE DISPLAY」と題された、PCT出願第PCT/GB2016000181号に開示される実施形態および上記に与えられる他の参考文献に議論される実施形態のうちのいずれかに基づいてもよい。

Claims (27)

  1. 導波管であって、
    少なくとも1つの導波管基板と、
    少なくとも1つの複屈折格子と、
    少なくとも1つの複屈折制御層と、
    光を出力するための光源と、
    前記光を前記導波管内の全内部反射経路の中に指向するための入力カプラと、
    前記導波管からの光を抽出するための出力格子であって、前記光と前記複屈折制御層および前記複屈折格子の相互作用は、前記導波管から抽出された光の所定の特性を提供する、出力格子
    を備え
    前記複屈折制御層は、前記導波管の少なくとも1つの光学面上に配置される屈折率層の少なくとも1つのスタックを備え、前記屈折率層のスタック内の少なくとも1つの層は、等方性屈折率を有し、前記屈折率層のスタック内の少なくとも1つの層は、異方性屈折率を有する、導波管。
  2. 前記光と前記複屈折制御層の相互作用は、角度またはスペクトル帯域幅変動、偏光回転、複屈折変動、ビーム透過または偏光回転のうちの少なくとも1つの角度またはスペクトル依存性、および前記導波管基板の平面内の少なくとも1つの方向における光透過変動のうちの少なくとも1つを提供する、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  3. 前記所定の特性は、前記導波管内の光伝搬の少なくとも1つの方向に沿った前記光と前記複屈折制御層および前記複屈折格子の相互作用の累積効果からもたらされる、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  4. 前記所定の特性は、前記光の角度範囲にわたる均一な照明および均一な偏光のうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  5. 前記複屈折制御層は、前記導波管内の光伝搬の少なくとも1つの方向に沿って、前記複屈折格子によって導入される偏光回転の補償を提供する、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  6. 前記複屈折制御層は、液晶およびポリマー材料システムである、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  7. 前記複屈折制御層は、指向性紫外線放射を使用して整合される液晶およびポリマーシステムである、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  8. 前記複屈折制御層は、電磁放射、電場または磁場、機械的力、化学反応、および熱暴露のうちの少なくとも1つによって整合される、請求項に記載の導波管。
  9. 前記複屈折制御層は、前記導波管の少なくとも1つの内部または外部光学面上に形成される、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  10. 前記複屈折制御層は、反射層を提供する、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  11. 前記複屈折制御層は、屈折力を提供する、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  12. 前記複屈折制御層は、前記導波管のための環境隔離層を提供する、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  13. 前記複屈折制御層は、屈折率勾配構造を有する、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  14. 前記複屈折制御層は、前記導波管基板の平面内でその屈折率を空間的に変動させるように、光学材料の層を延伸させることによって形成される、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  15. 前記光源は、コリメート光を提供する、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  16. 前記入力カプラおよび前記出力格子のうちの少なくとも1つは、複屈折格子を備える、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  17. 前記複屈折格子は、少なくとも1つのポリマーと、少なくとも1つの液晶とを含む材料システム内に記録される、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  18. 前記少なくとも1つの複屈折格子は、第1の方向におけるビーム拡大と、第2の方向におけるビーム拡大および前記導波管からの光抽出と、前記源から前記導波管内の全内部反射経路の中への光の結合との機能のうちの少なくとも1つを提供するための少なくとも1つの複屈折格子を備える、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  19. 前記光源は、レーザを含み、前記複屈折格子内のLCダイレクタの整合は、空間的に変動し、照明バンディングを補償する、請求項1に記載の導波管。
  20. 導波管を加工するための方法であって、前記方法は、
    第1の透明基板を提供することと、
    格子記録材料の層を堆積させることと、
    前記格子記録材料の層を露光し、格子層を形成することと、
    複屈折制御層を形成することと、
    第2の透明基板を適用することと
    を含み、
    前記複屈折制御層は、前記導波管の少なくとも1つの光学面上に配置される屈折率層の少なくとも1つのスタックを備え、前記屈折率層のスタック内の少なくとも1つの層は、等方性屈折率を有し、前記屈折率層のスタック内の少なくとも1つの層は、異方性屈折率を有する、方法。
  21. 前記格子記録材料の層は、前記第1の透明基板上に堆積され、
    前記複屈折制御層は、前記格子層上に形成され、
    前記第2の透明基板は、前記複屈折制御層上に適用される、請求項20に記載の方法。
  22. 前記格子記録材料の層は、前記第1の透明基板上に堆積され、
    前記第2の透明基板は、前記格子層上に適用され、
    前記複屈折制御層は、前記第2の透明基板上に形成される、請求項20に記載の方法。
  23. 前記複屈折制御層は、前記第1の透明基板上に形成され、
    前記格子記録材料の層は、前記複屈折制御層上に堆積され、
    前記第2の透明基板は、前記格子層上に適用される、請求項20に記載の方法。
  24. 前記複屈折制御層を形成することが、
    液晶ポリマー材料の層を堆積させることと、
    指向性UV光を使用して、前記液晶ポリマー材料を整合させることと、を含む、請求項20に記載の方法。
  25. 前記格子記録材料の層は、前記第1の透明基板上に堆積され、前記第2の透明基板は、前記整合された液晶ポリマー層上に適用される、請求項24に記載の方法。
  26. 前記液晶ポリマー材料の層は、前記格子層または前記第2の透明基板のうちのいずれか1つの上に堆積される、請求項24に記載の方法。
  27. 前記液晶ポリマー材料の層は、前記第1の透明基板上に堆積され、
    前記格子記録材料の層は、前記整合された液晶ポリマー材料上に堆積され、
    前記第2の透明基板は、前記格子層上に適用される、請求項24に記載の方法。
JP2020549679A 2018-03-16 2019-03-18 複屈折制御を組み込むホログラフィック導波管およびその加工のための方法 Active JP7487109B2 (ja)

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PCT/US2019/022822 WO2019178614A1 (en) 2018-03-16 2019-03-18 Holographic waveguides incorporating birefringence control and methods for their fabrication

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