JPWO2007119588A1 - 脳機能改善剤及び該改善剤を含有する機能性食品 - Google Patents
脳機能改善剤及び該改善剤を含有する機能性食品 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2007119588A1 JPWO2007119588A1 JP2007534943A JP2007534943A JPWO2007119588A1 JP WO2007119588 A1 JPWO2007119588 A1 JP WO2007119588A1 JP 2007534943 A JP2007534943 A JP 2007534943A JP 2007534943 A JP2007534943 A JP 2007534943A JP WO2007119588 A1 JPWO2007119588 A1 JP WO2007119588A1
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- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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Abstract
Description
(但し、R1,R2,R3は同一又は異なって、水素原子、アルキル基、アルケニル基、ベンジル基、プロパギル基又はアルコキシカルボニルアルキル基を示す。)
本病では、脳組織の萎縮や脱落などを伴い、神経伝達物質であるアセチルコリンの減少が起こる。また、本病に特徴的なものとして、大脳皮質や海馬に存在する老人斑、神経原繊維変化があり、老人斑の中心に存在するアミロイドβ蛋白質と神経原繊維変化の構成蛋白質であるタウ蛋白質の両面から発病機構の研究が進められている。これらの発病機構を基に、治療薬の開発も進められており、アセチルコリンエステラーゼ阻害薬等が開発されているが、十分な効果を上げているとは未だ言い難い。即ち、発病後の回復は通常困難であり、対症療法的に進行を遅らせる治療にならざるを得ないのが現状である。
一方、近年、食品成分の機能研究が進み、脳機能に影響を与える成分も見出されており、本病を予防し、かつ進行を抑える機能を食品に求める動きが活発になっている(例えば、特許文献1〜3参照)。これまで、脳の機能を賦活化する食品素材としてドコサヘキサエン酸(DHA)、イチョウ葉エキス等が知られているが、それらの効果は十分とはいえず、更に有効な食品素材の開発が切望されている。
即ち、本発明は、以下の1〜4に示す、ピロロキノリンキノン類又はその塩、及び所望によりコエンザイムQ10を含有することを特徴とする、学習・記憶能低下改善等の脳機能改善効果を有する製剤及び機能性食品に関するものであり、具体的には老化及びアルツハイマー病等の痴呆症による学習・記憶能の低下を改善する脳機能改善剤及び該改善剤を含有する機能性食品に関するものである。
1.一般式(1)で示されるピロロキノリンキノン類又はその塩を少なくとも含むことを特徴とする、脳機能改善剤。
2.さらに、コエンザイムQ10を含有する、上記1項に記載の脳機能改善剤。
3.学習・記憶能低下改善用の、上記1又は2項に記載の脳機能改善剤
4.上記1から3項の何れか1項に記載の脳機能改善剤を含有する機能性食品。
ピロロキノリンキノンは、1979年メタノール資化性菌のメタノール脱水酵素の補酵素として見出され、細菌類以外にも、大豆、ソラ豆、ピーマン、ジャガイモ、パセリ、ホウレンソウ等の食用植物、又は酢、茶、ココア、納豆、豆腐等の加工食品からも検出されている。
ピロロキノリンキノン類又はその塩は、有機化学的合成法(例えば、JACS、第103巻、5599〜5600頁(1981))及び発酵法(例えば、特開平1-218597号公報)などにより製造することが可能である。
ピロロキノリンキノン類又はその塩としては、一般式(1)で示されるピロロキノリン類又はその塩、例えばナトリウム塩、カリウム塩等のアルカリ金属の塩、マグネシウム塩、カルシウム塩等のアルカリ土類の塩を例示することができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
また、本発明の一般式(1)で示されるピロロキノリンキノン類又はその塩、或いは、これとコエンザイムQ10を共に含む脳機能改善剤は、飲食物の形態、即ち、ドリンク、シロップ、各種病院食、栄養補強食、日常食する飲食物の形態でも、錠剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤の形態でも使用可能である。調製の際使用される添加剤としては、液剤としては水、果糖、ブドウ糖等の糖類、落下生油、大豆油、オリーブ油等の油類、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール等のグリコール類を用いることができる。錠剤、カプセル剤、顆粒剤などの固形剤の賦型剤としては乳糖、ショ糖、マンニット、滑沢剤としてはカオリン、タルク、ステアリン酸マグネシウム、崩壊剤としてデンプン、アルギン酸ナトリウム、結合剤としてポリビニルアルコール、セルロース、ゼラチン、界面活性剤としては脂肪酸エステル類、可塑剤としてグリセリン等を例示することができるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
雄ウィスター系ラット(9週齢)を、ピロロキノリンキノン二ナトリウム塩(PQQ・2Na) 0.02%若しくはコエンザイムQ10(CoQ10)0.3%を、両者併せて又は単独に添加した飼料、或いは何れも含まない無添加飼料で飼育し、飼育21日後の12週齢から、各群9匹を用いてモーリス水迷路による学習・記憶能力に関する試験を行った。即ち、円形のプール(直径150cm、深さ45cm)の底を白線で4分割し、そのうちの1分画の中央部に、水中に隠れるように円形のプラットホームを置き、各ラットをプラットホームのない他の分画3ヵ所の異なった位置から遊泳させ、プラットホーム上に止まるまでの時間を測定した。本試験は毎日1試行、計20日間行った。学習率は以下の式により算出した。
学習率(%)=100−(X回目の到達時間の平均/1回目の到達時間の平均)×100
上記水迷路試験において、回数を重ねる毎にPQQ・2Na添加群、無添加群とも学習率は上昇していくが、PQQ・2Na添加群で統計的に有意に上昇速度が速く、PQQ・2Naが記憶・学習能力を高めることが確認された。結果を図1に示す。
雄ウィスター系ラット(9週齢)を用い、PQQ・2Na0.02%若しくはCoQ10 0.3%を、両者併せて又は単独に添加した飼料、或いは何れも含まない無添加飼料で飼育し、飼育21日後の12週齢から、実施例1と同様に各群9匹を用いて、モーリス水迷路を使用した訓練によりプラットホームの位置を記憶させた。なお、プールの底は白線で4分画し、そのうちの1分画の中央部にプラットホームを置いた。プラットホームの位置を記憶したラットを酸化ストレス(100%酸素下に48時間)に曝した。次に、プラットホームを取り除いた水迷路に60秒間遊泳させ、4分画中、プラットホームがあった区画の滞留時間を測定し、以下の式により記憶保持率を算出した。
記憶保持率(%)=(酸化ストレス曝露後の9日間の平均滞留時間/酸化ストレス曝露直前の平均滞留時間)×100
その結果を図2に示す。記憶保持率の平均値はPQQ・2Na及びCoQ10添加群で最も高く、PQQ・2Na単独添加群がこれに次いだ。また記憶保持率の平均値には、PQQ・2NaとCoQ10において有意な相乗効果が認められた。
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JP5564906B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-25 | 2014-08-06 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 生体吸収性に優れたコエンザイムq10とピロロキノリンキノンを共に含む経口摂取用組成物 |
CN101757624B (zh) * | 2009-12-24 | 2012-04-18 | 上海医学生命科学研究中心有限公司 | 一种预防和治疗老年痴呆症的组合物 |
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