JP6772073B2 - 電子デバイス用の組成物 - Google Patents
電子デバイス用の組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6772073B2 JP6772073B2 JP2016574139A JP2016574139A JP6772073B2 JP 6772073 B2 JP6772073 B2 JP 6772073B2 JP 2016574139 A JP2016574139 A JP 2016574139A JP 2016574139 A JP2016574139 A JP 2016574139A JP 6772073 B2 JP6772073 B2 JP 6772073B2
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- organic
- light emitting
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- lumo
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- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenetole Chemical compound CCOC1=CC=CC=C1 DLRJIFUOBPOJNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011056 potassium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003216 pyrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003220 pyrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940083082 pyrimidine derivative acting on arteriolar smooth muscle Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003248 quinolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003252 quinoxalines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000017520 skin disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010023 transfer printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOC YFNKIDBQEZZDLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl borate Chemical compound COB(OC)OC WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002061 vacuum sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001947 vapour-phase growth Methods 0.000 description 1
- ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratrole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003754 zirconium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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Description
|HOMO(C)|−min{|HOMO(D)|;|HOMO(B)|}>0.3
|HOMO(B)|−|HOMO(D)|<0.15eV
|LUMO(B)|−|LUMO(C)|>0.3eV
|LUMO(B)|−|LUMO(D)|>0
[式中、HOMO(C)は中性コホストのHOMOエネルギーを表し、HOMO(B)およびHOMO(D)は対応して、それぞれバイポーラ性ホストおよびドーパントのHOMOエネルギーを表し、LUMO(C)、LUMO(B)およびLUMO(D)は対応して、それぞれ中性コホスト、バイポーラ性ホストおよびドーパントのLUMOエネルギーを表し、関数min{|HOMO(D)|;|HOMO(B)|}は2つの値|HOMO(D)|および|HOMO(B)|の小さい方を与え、|HOMO|および|LUMO|はそれぞれの値の絶対値を表す]
を満たす場合、特に有利である。
LUMO(eV)=(1.0658*LEh*27.212)−0.5049
HOMO(eV)=(0.8308*HEh*27.212)−1.1180
のように決定される。
|HOMO(B)|−|HOMO(D)|<0.15eVおよび
|HOMO(B)|−|HOMO(D)|>−0.2eV、
が満たされる場合がさらに好ましく、
|HOMO(B)|−|HOMO(D)|<0.1eVおよび
|HOMO(B)|−|HOMO(D)|>−0.1eV
の場合が非常に好ましい。
|HOMO(C)|−min{|HOMO(D)|;|HOMO(B)|}>0.4eV、
が満たされる場合が非常に好ましく、
|HOMO(C)|−min{|HOMO(D)|;|HOMO(B)|}>0.6eV
の場合が特に好ましい。
|LUMO(B)|−|LUMO(C)|>0.4eV、
が満たされる場合が非常に特に好ましく、
|LUMO(B)|−|LUMO(C)|>0.6eV
の場合が特別に好ましい。
|HOMO(C)|−min{|HOMO(D)|;|HOMO(B)|}>0.4eV
または
|LUMO(B)|−|LUMO(C)|>0.4eV,
の少なくとも1つが満たされることを特徴とする組成物が特別に好ましく、両方の条件が満たされる場合がより好ましく、
加えて、2つの以下の条件:
|HOMO(C)|−min{|HOMO(D)|;|HOMO(B)|}>0.6eV
または
|LUMO(B)|−|LUMO(C)|>0.6eV、
の1つが満たされる場合がさらにより好ましく、両方の条件が満たされる場合が最も好ましい。
max{|LUMO(D)|;|LUMO(B)|}−|LUMO(C)|>0.3eV
|LUMO(D)|−|LUMO(B)|<0.15eV
|HOMO(C)|−|HOMO(B)|>0.3eV
|HOMO(D)|−|HOMO(B)|>0、
[式中、関数max{|LUMO(D)|;|LUMO(B)|}は2つの値|LUMO(D)|および|LUMO(B)|の大きい方を与える]
が満たされることを特徴とする、好ましくはリン光発光体、非常に好ましくは、有機リン光発光体である。
|LUMO(D)|−|LUMO(B)|<0.15eVおよび
|LUMO(D)|−|LUMO(B)|>−0.2eV、
の場合がより好ましく、
|LUMO(D)|−|LUMO(B)|<0.1eVおよび
|LUMO(D)|−|LUMO(B)|>−0.1eV
の場合が非常に好ましい。
max{|LUMO(D)|;|LUMO(B)|}−|LUMO(C)|>0.4eV、
が満たされる場合がさらに非常に好ましく、
max{|LUMO(D)|;|LUMO(B)|}−|LUMO(C)|>0.6eV
の場合が特に好ましい。
|HOMO(C)|−|HOMO(B)|>0.4eV、
が満たされる場合がさらに非常に特に好ましく、
|HOMO(C)|−|HOMO(B)|>0.6eV
の場合が好ましい。
max{|LUMO(D)|;|LUMO(B)|}−|LUMO(C)|>0.4eV
または
|HOMO(C)|−|HOMO(B)|>0.4eV、
の少なくとも1つが満たされることを特徴とする、上述のさらなる態様による組成物が特に好ましく、両方の条件が満たされる場合がより好ましく、加えて、2つの以下の条件:
max{|LUMO(D)|;|LUMO(B)|}−|LUMO(C)|>0.6eV
または
|HOMO(C)|−|HOMO(B)|>0.6eV、
の1つが満たされる場合がさらにより好ましく、両方の条件が満たされる場合が最も好ましい。
アノード/正孔注入層/正孔輸送層/発光層/電子輸送層/電子注入層/カソードである。ここで前記層のすべてが存在しなければならないのではない、および/またはさらなる層が追加で存在してもよいことを再度指摘すべきである。
|HOMO(B)|−|HOMO(HTM)|<0.3eV
[式中、|HOMO(B)|および|HOMO(HTM)|は、発光層のバイポーラ性ホストのHOMOエネルギーの絶対値および隣接HTLの正孔輸送材料のそれを表す]
が満たされる場合である。
|LUMO(B)|−|LUMO(HTM)|<0.3eV
[式中、|LUMO(B)|および|LUMO(HTM)|は、発光層のバイポーラ性ホストのLUMOエネルギーの絶対値および隣接ETLの電子輸送材料のそれを表す]
が満たされる場合に、特に良好な結果を実現できることが見出された。
2.電子デバイスにおける本発明による組成物の使用は、デバイスの寿命における顕著な増加をもたらす。
3.組成物は、容易に加工することができ、したがって、商業用途における大量生産に非常に顕著に適している。
例1a
3−(2−クロロ−4−フェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン−6−イル)−5’−フェニル−[1,1’:3’,1’’]テルフェニルの合成
ヨウ素粒を使用して、マグネシウム9.9g(407mmol)を活性化した。3−ブロモ−5’−フェニル−[1,1’:3’,1’’]テルフェニル[12233200−57−1]141.8g(368mmol)をTHF700mlに溶解した溶液約30mlを添加し、90°Cの加熱浴を下部に置く。反応が開始され、還流が実施されたら、残りの溶液を還流が維持されるような速度で滴下する。添加が終了したら、反応混合物を還流下でさらに2時間加熱する。
2,4,6−トリクロロ−1,3,5−トリアジン[108−77−0]67.9g(368mmol)を最初にTHF400mlに導入し、−5°Cまで冷却する。工程1で調製されたグリニャール溶液を内部温度が0°Cを超えないような速度で滴下する。冷却装置を除去し、混合物を16時間撹拌する;混合物を続いて−5°Cまで再冷却し、フェニルマグネシウムクロリド溶液(THF中2M)184ml(368mmol)を内部温度が0°Cを超えないような速度で滴下する。冷却装置を除去し、混合物を18時間撹拌する。1M塩酸400mlをゆっくり撹拌しながら投入する。1時間後、形成された固体を吸引でろ別し、真空で乾燥する。トルエンからの2度の再結晶によって、1H−NMRによって純度約98%を有する淡茶色の固体として生成物56.7g(114mmol、理論の31%)を残す。
(2−クロロフェニル)(スピロ−9,9’−ビフルオレン−4−イル)アミンの合成
スピロ[9H−フルオレン−9,7’(1’H)−インデノ[1,2−a]カルバゾール]の合成
10−(3−ブロモフェニル)−12,12−ジメチル−10,12−ジヒドロ−10−アザインデノ[2,1−b]フルオレンの合成
7−ブロモ−12,12−ジメチル−10,12−ジヒドロ−10−アザインデノ[2,1−b]フルオレンの合成
12,12−ジメチル−10−フェニル−7−(4,4,5,5−テトラメチル−1,3,2−ジオキサボロラン−2−イル)−10,12−ジヒドロ−10−アザインデノ[2,1−b]フルオレンの合成
3−[2−(スピロフルオレン−9,7’−インデノ[1,2−a]カルバゾール−12’−イル)−4−フェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン−6−イル]−5’−フェニル−[1,1’:3’,1’’]テルフェニルの合成
N−フェニルスピロ[9H−フルオレン−9,7’(1’H)−インデノ[1,2−a]カルバゾール]の合成
7−{9−[3−(4,6−ジフェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル)フェニル]−9H−カルバゾール−3−イル}−12,12−ジメチル−10−フェニル−10,12−ジヒドロ−10−アザインデノ[2,1−b]フルオレンの合成
12,12−ジメチル−10−[3−(4−フェニル−6−[1,1’;3’,1’’]テルフェニル−5’−イル−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル)フェニル]−10,12−ジヒドロ−10−アザインデノ[2,1−b]フルオレンの合成
10−(3−ブロモフェニル)−12,12−ジメチル−10,12−ジヒドロ−10−アザインデノ[2,1−b]フルオレン(例4a)83.5g(190mmol)をTHF450mlに溶解し、−78°Cまで冷却する。n−ブチルリチウム(シクロヘキサン中2M、200mmol)100mlを内部温度が−65°Cを超えないような速度で撹拌しながら滴下する。2時間後、トリメチルボラート(286mmol)32.4mlを内部温度が−65°Cを超えないような速度で滴下する。2時間後、冷却装置を除去し、混合物を室温でさらに16時間撹拌する。
2−クロロ−4−フェニル−6−[1,1’;3’,1’’]テルフェニル−5’−イル−1,3,5−トリアジン(例1b)84.0g(200mmol)および炭酸ナトリウム40.4g(381mmol)を最初に、トルエン550ml、水250mlおよびエタノール250mlの混合物に導入する。懸濁液を30分間アルゴンでフラッシュする。トリフェニルホスフィン8.0g(30mmol)およびパラジウム(II)アセタート1.7g(8mmol)を添加する。工程1で調製された溶液を激しく撹拌しながら速やかに滴下し、混合物を15時間還流下で加熱する。室温まで冷却後、形成された固体を吸引によってろ別し、真空で乾燥し、続いて酸化アルミニウム(塩基性、活性度等級1)上においてそれぞれ熱トルエン約500mlで2回抽出する。形成された固体をヘプタン約350mlで沸騰によって洗浄し、真空で乾燥し、最後に圧力約10-5ミリバール下で350°Cにおいて分別昇華にかけ、HPLCにより純度約99.9%の淡黄色ガラス状固体として生成物32.5g(44mmol、理論の23%)を残す。
白金金属錯体(11a)の合成
工程1:
白金金属錯体(11b)の合成
工程1:
文献によるさらなる化合物の合成
以下の化合物は、それぞれの場合に示された出願に記載の方法と同様に調製することができる。任意の追加の精製はカラムクロマトグラフィーおよび/または昇華によって実施される。
使用された材料のエネルギー準位
使用されたホスト材料およびドーパントのエネルギー準位を表1および表2に要約する。値は、説明で示された方法によって決定される。
本発明による組成物
本発明による組成物および従来技術による比較の混合物の選択結果を表3に要約する。混合物中に存在する他の成分のエネルギー準位の位置に応じて1つの同じ成分が、異なる役目を果たしてもよい(バイポーラ性ホスト、電子輸送材料、中性コホストなど)ことを指摘すべきである。
溶液加工されるOLEDの生成
多数の材料は、溶液から加工することができ、真空加工されるOLEDと比較して生成するのが顕著により簡単であるが、それでも良好な特性を有するOLEDをもたらすことができる。完全な溶液系のOLEDの生成は、文献、たとえば、国際公開第2004/037887号で多数回説明されている。真空系のOLEDの生成も同様に、とりわけ国際公開第2004/058911号で多数回すでに説明されている。
構造は以下の通りである:
基板/ITO(50nm)/PEDOT:PSS(それぞれ緑色または赤色成分に対して20または60nm)/正孔輸送層(HTL)(20nm)/発光層(EML)(60nm)/正孔阻止層(HBL)(10nm)/電子輸送層(ETL)(40nm)/カソード。
溶液加工OLEDのキャラクタリゼーション
OLEDを標準法によってキャラクタリゼーションする。このために、エレクトロルミネッセンススペクトル、Lambert発光特性を仮定する電流/電圧/光束密度特性線(IUL特性線)、および(動作)寿命を決定する。IUL特性線を使用してある種の光束における特性数、たとえば、動作電圧(Vで)および外部量子効率(%で)を決定する。LT80@8000cd/m2は、OLEDが初期光束8000cd/m2から初期強度の80%、すなわち、6400cd/m2まで落ちる寿命である。したがって、LT80@10,000cd/m2は、OLEDが初期光束10,000cd/m2から初期強度の80%、すなわち、8000cd/m2まで落ちる寿命である。
真空加工OLEDの生成およびキャラクタリゼーション
多数のOLED材料は、真空で蒸発させることができる。以下で議論される例では、もっぱら真空で適用される層を使用した。すでに説明された一般的な方法は、このために、ここで説明される環境(層厚の変動、材料)に適応する。
Claims (10)
- 請求項1に記載の組成物と少なくとも1種の溶媒とを含む配合物。
- 電子デバイスを製造するための請求項2に記載の配合物の使用であって、前記配合物が、請求項1に記載の組成物を含むデバイスの発光層を溶液から加工するために使用されることを特徴とする、使用。
- 有機電子デバイスにおける、請求項1に記載の組成物の使用。
- 請求項1に記載の少なくとも1種の組成物を含む有機電子デバイスであって、前記デバイスが、有機集積回路(OIC)、有機電界効果トランジスタ(OFET)、有機薄膜トランジスタ(OTFT)、有機エレクトロルミネセントデバイス、有機太陽電池(OSC)、有機光学検出器および有機感光体から選択される、デバイス。
- 有機電子デバイスが、有機エレクトロルミネセントデバイスである請求項5に記載のデバイス。
- 有機発光トランジスタ(OLET)、有機電界消光デバイス(OFQD)、有機発光電気化学電池(OLEC、LEC、LEEC)、有機レーザーダイオード(O−レーザー)、および有機発光ダイオード(OLED)から選択される有機エレクトロルミネセントデバイスである、請求項5に記載のデバイス。
- 前記デバイスが、発光層中の組成物を含む有機エレクトロルミネセントデバイスであることを特徴とする、請求項5または7に記載のデバイス。
- 前記発光層が請求項1に記載の組成物を含み、正孔輸送材料(HTM)を含む正孔輸送層が、発光層に直接隣接し、以下の条件:
|HOMO(B)|−|HOMO(HTM)|<0.3eV
が、前記発光層中のバイポーラ性ホストおよび正孔輸送層中の正孔輸送材料のHOMOエネルギーの絶対値に適用されることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載のデバイス。 - 前記発光層が請求項1に記載の組成物を含み、電子輸送材料、ETMを含む電子輸送層が、発光層に直接隣接し、以下の条件:
|LUMO(B)|−|LUMO(ETM)|<0.3eV
が、前記発光層中のバイポーラ性ホストおよび電子輸送層中の電子輸送材料のLUMOエネルギーの絶対値に適用されることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載のデバイス。
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2014
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TW201614041A (en) | 2016-04-16 |
KR102537035B1 (ko) | 2023-05-26 |
CN106459747B (zh) | 2020-09-04 |
DE102014008722A1 (de) | 2015-12-24 |
KR20170018946A (ko) | 2017-02-20 |
JP2017523270A (ja) | 2017-08-17 |
CN111518544A (zh) | 2020-08-11 |
US20170141328A1 (en) | 2017-05-18 |
US10847727B2 (en) | 2020-11-24 |
CN106459747A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
WO2015192941A1 (de) | 2015-12-23 |
EP3158024A1 (de) | 2017-04-26 |
DE102014008722B4 (de) | 2024-08-22 |
TWI703200B (zh) | 2020-09-01 |
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