JP5925407B2 - ヒト細胞系における組換えヒトタンパク質の無血清安定トランスフェクションおよび製造 - Google Patents
ヒト細胞系における組換えヒトタンパク質の無血清安定トランスフェクションおよび製造 Download PDFInfo
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Description
驚くべきことに、目的とするタンパク質をコードする遺伝子で無血清条件下において安定にトランスフェクトされた不死化ヒト細胞系から未汚染ヒトタンパク質(すなわち、望ましくないタンパク質を副産物として含有しないタンパク質調製物)が良好な収率で得られうることが見出された。より詳しくは、本発明は、
(1)ヒト標的タンパク質またはその誘導体もしくは突然変異体をコードする遺伝子、プロモーターおよびウシ成長ホルモンポリアデニル化(ポリA)シグナル(該プロモーターおよびポリAシグナルは、それぞれ、該ヒト標的タンパク質をコードする遺伝子の5’および3’末端に連結されている)を含む核酸配列で安定にトランスフェクトされた不死化ヒト細胞系の製造方法であって、該核酸配列および複製起点を含むトランスフェクションベクターで無血清条件下において不死化ヒト宿主細胞系をトランスフェクトすることを含んでなる製造方法;
(2)トランスフェクションベクターが、配列番号4または5の配列を有するpcDNA3.1ベクターに由来する、前記(1)記載の製造方法;
(3)ヒト細胞系が、293細胞(ATCC CRL−1573;DSM ACC 305)、Freestyle 293細胞(以下、「293F」細胞と称する;Invitrogen R79007)および293T細胞(ATCC CRL 11268;DSM ACC 2494)から選ばれるヒト胎児腎細胞である、前記(1)または(2)記載の製造方法;
(4)ヒトタンパク質が血液凝固因子IX(例えば、配列番号1のbp939−2324によりコードされるもの)、アルファ−1−アンチトリプシン(以下、「A1AT」と称する;例えば、配列番号2のbp913−2259によりコードされるもの)、血液凝固因子VIII(配列番号8に示すwt因子VIII、または配列番号3のbp783−5162によりコードされるBドメイン欠失因子VIII突然変異体を含む)、因子VII/VIIa(その配列番号13および14によりコードされるaおよびb形態を含む)、G−CSF(それぞれ配列番号15、16および17に示すG−CSF a、bおよびc形態を含む)またはフォンビルブラント因子(vWF)である、前記(1)〜(3)のいずれか1項記載の製造方法;
(5)前記(1)および(2)のいずれか1項記載のヒトタンパク質をコードする遺伝子と複製起点とを含むトランスフェクションベクター(好ましくは、該トランスフェクションベクターは、前記(4)記載のヒトタンパク質の遺伝子を含むpcDNA3.1ベクターである);
(6)前記(1)〜(5)のいずれか1項記載の製造方法により入手可能な不死化ヒト細胞系、特に、前記(3)または(4)記載のヒト細胞系;ならびに
(7)前記(6)記載の不死化ヒト細胞系を、好ましくは無血清条件下において培養することを含む、ヒト標的タンパク質またはその誘導体もしくは突然変異体の組換え製造のための製造方法を提供する。
本発明は、完全な無血清および無タンパク質条件下のヒト不死化細胞系におけるヒト組換えタンパク質のトランスフェクションおよび製造のための改良された方法を提供する。それはヒトタンパク質の無血清トランスフェクションおよび製造を可能にする。該方法は、ヒト病原体での組換えタンパク質の汚染の危険性を減少させるウイルス不活性化法を含む1以上の精製工程を含みうる。また、ヒト細胞系において産生されたヒト組換えタンパク質はヒトグリコシル化パターンを含有するため、それらは、それらの天然グリコシル化パターンを欠くヒトタンパク質と比べて分解を受けにくい。要するに、本発明の方法は先行技術に対する種々の利点をもたらす。
アミノ酸配列SFSQNSRH(配列番号10)、および/または
アミノ酸配列QAYRYRRG(配列番号11)、および/または
アミノ酸配列SFSQNSRHQAYRYRRG(配列番号12)
を含むリンカーが特に好ましい。そのようなBドメイン因子VIII突然変異タンパク質は配列番号3のnt783−5162によりコードされる。
材料および方法
タンパク質発現のためのヒト細胞系: 好ましい細胞系は、HEK293(ECACC Ref.85120602)、FreeStyle 293(293F;Invitrogen R79007)および293T(tsA201,ECACC Ref.96121229)(これは、SV40温度感受性T抗原を安定に発現する形質転換胎児ヒト腎細胞系である)である。これらの上皮様細胞系は種々の機能発現アッセイにおいて使用されており、高レベルの組換えタンパク質を産生すると報告されている。293細胞系に由来する293F細胞系(Invitrogen)は後記実施例において好ましく使用された。該親細胞系293は、せん断されたヒトアデノウイルス5型DNAで形質転換された初代胎児ヒト腎から樹立された永久系統である(Grahamら,1977;Harrisonら,1977)。293F細胞系は、FreeStyle(商標)293(293F)Expression Medium(12338−018,Invitrogen)における懸濁増殖に適合化された293細胞系の変異体である。293F細胞系はPharmacopeiaのRobert Horlickから入手した。293F細胞系は元々は、限界希釈により再クローニングされた親293F細胞に由来する低継代Master Cell Bank培養から調製された。細胞は一貫して、無血清FreeStyle 293 Expression培地または無血清培地(Octapharma Stockholm)内で、良好な生存度および良好な形態学的特徴を伴って、本発明の開発中の1年以上にわたり培養されている。
ELISAによるヒト因子IX濃度の測定: 上清中のヒト組換え因子IXのレベルを、標準的な方法に従い、捕捉抗体としてヤギ抗ヒトFIX(GAFIX−AP,Affinity Biologicals)を使用するELISAにより測定した。すべてのインキュベーションは室温で加湿室内で行った。Octanyne(血漿由来FIX,Octapharma)およびBeneFIX(組換えFIX,Genetics Institute)の両方の標準品を使用した。検出用抗体はペルオキシダーゼ結合ヤギ抗ヒトFIX(GAFIX−APHRP,Affinity Biologicals)であった。ABTS(Cat.No.1682008,Roche Diagnostics)を基質として各ウェルに加え、比色反応を405nmで15分のうちに検出した。結果を、標準吸光度に対する標準濃度の直線回帰により算出した。
A.ヒト因子IXのクローニング: WO01/70968に開示されているベクターpTG36から、ヒト凝固因子IXのオープンリーディングフレームを含有する1.4kbの断片をHindIIIおよびNotIでの二重消化により切り出した。この断片を、HindIIIおよびNotIで二重消化されたベクターpcDNA3.1Hygro(+)−zz(V870−20(Invitrogen)由来)である5.6kbの断片に連結して、図2に示すベクターpcDNA3.1−FIXを得た。pcDNA3.1−FIXのDNA配列を配列番号1に示す。Invitrogenにより公開されている配列(配列番号4に示す)と比べて、pcDNA3.1Hygro(+)−zz(配列番号5を参照されたい)においては該ベクターバックボーンにおける3つの追加的ヌクレオチド挿入が見出された。ベクターpcDNA3.1−FIXは、安定にトランスフェクトされた細胞クローンに関する選択法を可能にするカセットヒグロマイシン耐性遺伝子を含有する(図2、3および7を参照されたい)。該ベクターは、リン酸カルシウムトランスフェクションなどによる安定発現細胞系の樹立、およびそれに続くヒグロマイシン耐性に関する選択を可能にする。
本方法を組換えタンパク質の製造のために最適化する際に、種々の細胞系(すべて、アルファ−1−アンチトリプシン(A1AT)の組換え遺伝子を含むベクターを含有する)の高レベル発現能を試験した。CHO、BHKおよび他の細胞系は、一過性トランスフェクションアッセイにおいて、293T細胞系の場合より少量の組換えタンパク質を産生することが判明した。したがって、他のヒト胎児腎細胞系誘導体を調べた。結果を図4〜6に示す。
293Tまたは293細胞の0.1〜0.2×106個の生存可能細胞を6ウェル内にプレーティングした。翌日、リン酸カルシウム法(Biotechniques 6:7 632−638(1988))を用いて細胞をトランスフェクトした。すなわち、4μgのプラスミドDNAを0.1×TEバッファー(200μlのトランスフェクション混合物を含有)中で希釈し、穏やかに混合し、20μlの2.5M CaCl2および100μlの2×HBSを該トランスフェクションサンプルに加えた。該トランスフェクションサンプルを室温で20分間インキュベートした。6時間のインキュベーションの後、培地を交換し、ついで細胞を48時間インキュベートした。
106個の生存可能293F細胞の細胞密度で28mlの懸濁培養を調製した(トランスフェクション実験の当日)。30μgのプラスミドDNAをOpti−MEM(登録商標)I(Invitrogen)中で1mlの総容量になるまで希釈することにより、脂質−DNA複合体を調製し、40μlの293fectin(登録商標)をOpti−MEM(登録商標)中で1mlの総容量になるまで希釈した。室温で5分間のインキュベーションの後、希釈されたDNAを293fectin(登録商標)に加えて2mlの総容量とした。該トランスフェクト化サンプルを暗所で室温で20分間インキュベートした。2mlの該トランスフェクション混合物を28mlの293F懸濁培養(最終細胞密度は1×106細胞/ml)に加えた。該トランスフェクト化293F細胞を、125rpmで回転する軌道(orbital)振とう器上、37℃/空気中の8% CO2の湿潤雰囲気において72時間インキュベートした。
A.無血清培地内での293F細胞のトランスフェクション,一過性トランスフェクション: 1.1×106生存可能293F細胞/mlの細胞密度での293F細胞の28mlの懸濁培養をトランスフェクション実験の当日に調製した。30μgのプラスミドDNA(pcDNA3.l−G−CSFb)をOpti−MEM(登録商標)I(Invitrogen)中で1mlの総容量になるまで希釈することにより、脂質−DNA複合体を調製し、30μlのリポフェクタミン2000CDをOpti−MEM(登録商標)中で1mlの総容量になるまで希釈した。室温で5分間のインキュベーションの後、希釈されたDNAをリポフェクタミン2000CDに加えて2mlの総容量とした。該トランスフェクト化サンプルを暗所で室温で20分間インキュベートした。2mlの該トランスフェクション混合物を28mlの293F懸濁培養(最終細胞密度は1×106細胞/ml)に加えた。該トランスフェクト化293F細胞を、125rpmで回転する軌道(orbital)振とう器上、37℃/空気中の8% CO2の湿潤雰囲気において72時間インキュベートした。
Claims (13)
- ヒト標的タンパク質またはその誘導体もしくは突然変異体をコードする遺伝子、プロモーター及びウシ成長ホルモンポリアデニル化(ポリA)シグナルを含む核酸配列により安定的にトランスフェクトされた不死化ヒト細胞系の製造方法であって、
前記プロモーターおよびポリAシグナルはそれぞれ、前記ヒト標的タンパク質をコードする遺伝子の5’及び3’末端に連結されており、
前記方法は、pcDNA3.1に由来し、前記核酸配列および複製起点を含むトランスフェクションベクターにより、不死化ヒト宿主細胞系を無血清条件下においてトランスフェクトすることと、前記不死化ヒト細胞系を無血清条件下において培養することと、安定的にトランスフェクトされた細胞を選択することとを含み、
前記トランスフェクションベクターは、選択マーカーに対応する少なくとも1つの遺伝子をさらに含み、
前記核酸配列および複製起点は、不死化ヒト細胞系のゲノム中に組み込まれ、および
前記不死化ヒト細胞系が、293F細胞である、方法。 - ヒト標的タンパク質が、ヒト血漿タンパク質、増殖因子、サイトカイン、プロテアーゼインヒビター、輸送タンパク質、ホルモン、及び抑制または調節作用性タンパク質から選択される請求項1記載の製造方法。
- ヒト標的タンパク質が、因子V、因子IX、野生型因子VIII、Bドメイン欠失因子VIII、因子VII/VIIa、フォンビルブラント因子(vWF)、エリスロポエチン、コロニー刺激因子(CSF)、顆粒球刺激因子(G−CSF)、マクロファージCSF(M−CSF)、顆粒球マクロファージCSF(GM−CSF)、インターロイキン、アルファ−1−アンチトリプシン(A1AT)およびキモトリプシンから選択されるヒト血漿タンパク質である、請求項1記載の製造方法。
- ヒト標的タンパク質が、配列番号1のbp939−2324によりコードされる血液凝固因子IX、配列番号2のbp973−2259によりコードされるヒトA1AT、配列番号9に示される野生型因子VIII、配列番号3のbp783−5162によりコードされるBドメイン欠失ヒト因子VIII、配列番号13および14によりコードされる因子VII/VIIa、配列番号15、16および17によりコードされるG−CSF、または配列番号18によりコードされるvWFから選択される、請求項1記載の製造方法。
- トランスフェクションベクターにおいて、
(i)プロモーターが、ウイルスプロモーター、ハウスキーピング遺伝子プロモーターおよび組織特異的プロモーターから選ばれ、および/または
(ii)複製起点が細菌におけるプラスミドの複製および増幅を可能にし、および/または
(iii)該ベクターが更に、1以上の他の調節要素を含有する、
請求項1または2記載の製造方法。 - トランスフェクションベクターが、CMVプロモーター、ヒグロマイシン遺伝子、ポリA配列および目的とする遺伝子を含有する、請求項5記載の製造方法。
- 無血清トランスフェクションを、カチオン性トランスフェクション剤またはリン酸カルシウムを使用して血清の存在しない懸濁培養内で行う、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項記載の製造方法により入手可能な不死化ヒト細胞系を培養することを含んでなる、ヒト標的タンパク質またはその誘導体もしくは突然変異体の組換え製造方法。
- ヒト標的タンパク質が、配列番号3に示されるBドメイン欠失ヒト因子VIIIである請求項8記載の製造方法。
- 組換えヒトタンパク質を培養ブロスから濃縮する工程、および該タンパク質を精製する工程を更に含む、請求項8または9記載の製造方法。
- ヒトタンパク質の製造を無血清条件下において行う、請求項8〜10のいずれか1項記載の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項記載の方法における、ヒト標的タンパク質またはその誘導体もしくは突然変異体をコードする遺伝子を含む核酸配列と複製起点とを含んでなるpcDNA3.1ベクターの使用。
- 標的タンパク質が、ヒトタンパク質凝固因子V、因子IX、ヒトA1AT、野生型ヒト血液凝固因子VIII、Bドメイン欠失ヒト血液凝固因子VIII、G−CSF a形態、G−CSF b形態、G−CSF c形態、FVII/VIIa a形態、FVII/VIIa b形態およびvWFよりなる群から選ばれる、請求項12記載の使用。
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