JP5509293B2 - 光電池モジュール - Google Patents
光電池モジュール Download PDFInfo
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- JP5509293B2 JP5509293B2 JP2012236740A JP2012236740A JP5509293B2 JP 5509293 B2 JP5509293 B2 JP 5509293B2 JP 2012236740 A JP2012236740 A JP 2012236740A JP 2012236740 A JP2012236740 A JP 2012236740A JP 5509293 B2 JP5509293 B2 JP 5509293B2
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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Description
(R1R2 2SiO1/2)w(R2 2SiO2/2)x(R2SiO3/2)y(SiO4/2)z (I)
を有するものとしてさらに定義され、ここでR1およびR2は上で定義および例示したとおりであり、w、x、yおよびzはモル分率である。一般に、式(I)で表す有機シリコン化合物は、1分子当たり平均少なくとも2つのシリコン結合アルケニル基を有する。より具体的には、下付き文字wは通常0〜0.9、あるいは0.02〜0.75、あるいは0.05〜0.3の値を有する。下付き文字xは通常0〜0.9、あるいは0〜0.45、あるいは0〜0.25の値を有する。下付き文字yは通常0〜0.99、あるいは0.25〜0.8、あるいは0.5〜0.8の値を有する。下付き文字zは通常0〜0.85、あるいは0〜0.25、あるいは0〜0.15の値を有する。また、y+z/(w+x+y+z)の比は通常0.1〜0.99、あるいは0.5〜0.95、あるいは0.65〜0.9である。さらに、w+x/(w+x+y+z)は通常0.01〜0.90、あるいは0.05〜0.5、あるいは0.1〜0.35である。
(Vi2MeSiO1/2)0.25(PhSiO3/2)0.75、
(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.25(PhSiO3/2)0.75、
(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.25(MeSiO3/2)0.25(PhSiO3/2)0.50、
(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.15(PhSiO3/2)0.75(SiO4/2)0.1、
(Vi2MeSiO1/2)0.15(ViMe2SiO1/2)0.1(PhSiO3/2)0.75、
を有する樹脂が挙げられ、ここでMeはメチル、Viはビニル、Phはフェニルであり、括弧外の下付き数字は式(I)について上で記載したw、x、yまたはzのいずれかに対応するモル分率を示す。前記式中の単位の順序は決して本発明の範囲に限定するものと見なすべきではない。
HR1 2Si−R3−SiR1 2H (II)
を有することもでき、ここでR1は上で定義および例示したとおりであり、R3はgが1〜6である下記の構造:
−CH2CH2SiMe2CnH2nSiMe2H、
−CH2CH2SiMe2CnH2nSiMePhH、
−CH2CH2SiMePhH、−CH2CH2SiPh2H、
−CH2CH2SiMePhCnH2nSiPh2H、
−CH2CH2SiMePhCnH2nSiMe2H、
−CH2CH2SiMePhOSiMePhH、
−CH2CH2SiMePhOSiPh(OSiMePhH)2
から選択された式を有する基が挙げられ、ここでMeはメチル、Phはフェニルであり、下付き文字nは2〜10の値を有する。
(R1R4 2SiO1/2)w(R4 2SiO2/2)x(R4SiO3/2)y(SiO4/2)z
を有し、ここでR1、R4、w、x、yおよびzはそれぞれ上で定義および例示したとおりである。上記式で表す有機水素ポリシロキサン樹脂の具体例としては、限定しないが、次式:
((HMe2SiC6H4SiMe2CH2CH2)2MeSiO1/2)0.12(PhSiO3/2)0.88、
((HMe2SiC6H4SiMe2CH2CH2)2MeSiO1/2)0.17(PhSiO3/2)0.83、
((HMe2SiC6H4SiMe2CH2CH2)2MeSiO1/2)0.17(MeSiO3/2)0.17(PhSiO3/2)0.66、
((HMe2SiC6H4SiMe2CH2CH2)2MeSiO1/2)0.15(PhSiO3/2)0.75(SiO4/2)0.10、
((HMe2SiC6H4SiMe2CH2CH2)2MeSiO1/2)0.08((HMe2SiC6H4SiMe2CH2CH2)Me2SiO1/2)0.06(PhSiO3/2)0.86
を有する樹脂が挙げられ、ここでMeはメチル、Phはフェニルであり、C6H4はパラ−フェニレン基を示し、括弧外の下付き数字はモル分率を示す。前記式中の単位の順序は決して本発明の範囲に限定するものと見なすべきでない。
ヒドロシリル化硬化性シリコーン組成物が上述した線状有機シリコン化合物を2つ以上含むことができることも意図している。本発明に用いることを意図する追加の線状有機シリコン化合物については、とくにここに参照して援用する米国特許第5,574,073号に記載されている。
ViMe2SiO(Me2SiO)aSiMe2Vi、
ViMe2SiO(Ph2SiO)aSiMe2Vi、
ViMe2SiO(PhMeSiO)aSiMe2Vi
を有するシリコーンゴムが挙げられ、式中のMeはメチル、Phはフェニル、Viはビニルであり、下付き文字は1〜4の値を有する。シリコーンゴム(a)は単一のシリコーンゴムか、またはそれぞれ(a)の式を満たす2つ以上の異なるシリコーンゴムを含む混合物とすることができる。
HMe2SiO(Me2SiO)bSiMe2H、
HMe2SiO(Ph2SiO)bSiMe2H、
HMe2SiO(PhMeSiO)bSiMe2H、
HMe2SiO(Ph2SiO)2(Me2SiO)2SiMe2H
を有するシリコーンゴムが挙げられ、式中のMeはメチル、Phはフェニルであり、下付き文字bは1〜4の値を有する。成分(b)は単一のシリコーンゴムか、またはそれぞれ(b)の式を満たす2つ以上の異なるシリコーンゴムを含む混合物とすることができる。
R5R1 2SiO(R1R5SiO)cSiR1 2R5、
R1R2 2SiO(R2 2SiO)dSiR2 2R1
を有し、式中のR1およびR5は上で定義および例示したとおりであり、cおよびdはそれぞれ4〜1000、あるいは10〜500、あるいは10〜50の値を有するゴムから選択した少なくとも1つのシリコーンゴム(b)をヒドロシリル化触媒および任意選択的な有機溶剤の存在下で反応させることにより調製し、但し有機シリコン化合物およびシリコーンゴム(b)の反応生成物が1分子当たり少なくとも1つの不飽和部分を有するゴム変性シリコーン樹脂を含む。
X−A−X1
を有することができ、式中のXおよび/またはX1は下記の基:−Si(OH)3、−(Ra)Si(OH)2、−(Ra)2SiOH、−RaSi(ORb)2、−Si(ORb)3、−Ra 2SiORbまたは−Ra 2Si−Rc−SiRd p(ORb)3−pのいずれかを含むか、および/またはこれらのいずれかで末端化することができ、各Raは独立して1〜8個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基のような一価ヒドロカルビル基を含むことができる。一般に、Raはメチル基である。各RbおよびRdは独立して最大6個の炭素原子を有するアルキル基またはアルコキシ基とすることができる。Rcは、一般に最大6個のシリコン原子を有する1つ以上のシロキサンスペーサーを含むことができる二価の炭化水素基である。一般に、pは0、1または2の値を有する。一つの実施形態では、Xおよび/またはX1が水分存在下で加水分解可能な官能基を含む。
−(R6 sSiO(4−s)/2)−
のシロキサン単位を有するポリジオルガノシロキサン鎖を含み、式中の各R6は独立して塩素またはフッ素のような1つ以上のハロゲン基で任意に置換される1〜10個の炭素原子を有するヒドロカルビル基のような有機基であり、sは0、1または2である。より具体的には、R6はメチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ビニル、シクロへキシル、フェニルおよび/またはトリル基、3,3,3−トリフルオロプロピルのような塩素またはフッ素で置換したプロピル基、クロロフェニル、β−(ペルフルオロブチル)エチルまたはクロロシクロへキシル基、ならびにこれらの組み合わせを含むことができる。一般に、基R6の少なくともいくつかはメチル基である。もっとも代表的には、基R6のすべてがメチル基である。一つの実施形態では、1分子当たり上記式の少なくとも約700単位がある。
2つのモジュール(モジュールAおよびB)を本発明の方法に従って形成する。さらに、4つの比較モジュール(比較モジュールA〜D)も本発明の方法には従わずに形成する。モジュールAおよびBでは、複数の繊維がモジュールの両端上のモジュールの外周まで第2層全域で横方向に延在する。
ASTM E424−71を用いて紫外/可視分光光度分析により測定して少なくとも70パーセントの光透過率を有する156mm×156mm×3.2mmの第1最外層(ガラス);
第1最外層上に配置した156mm×156mm×200μmの光電池;
光電池上全体に均一に配置し、複数の繊維として第1液体シリコーン組成物で少なくとも部分的に被覆された織物(不織布繊維ガラス)を含む5ミルの第2層;および
第2層上に配置した156mm×156mm×125μmの支持層(Tedlar(登録商標))を含む。
ASTM E424−71を用いて紫外/可視分光光度分析により測定して少なくとも70パーセントの光透過率を有する156mm×156mm×3.2mmの第1最外層(ガラス);
第1最外層上に配置した156mm×156mm×200μmの接触光電池;および
光電池上全体に均一に配置した、複数の繊維として第2液体シリコーン組成物で少なくとも部分的に被覆した織物(不織布ポリエステル)を含む15ミルの第2層
を含む。モジュールBは支持層を含まない。
ASTM E424−71を用いて紫外/可視分光光度分析により測定して少なくとも70パーセントの光透過率を有する156mm×156mm×3.2mmの第1最外層(ガラス);
第1最外層上に配置した156mm×156mm×200μmの光電池;
光電池上全体に均一に配置し、モジュールAの液体シリコーン組成物を含む15ミルの第2層;および
第2層上に配置した156mm×156mm×125μmの支持層(Tedlar(登録商標))
を含む。比較モジュールAは複数の繊維を含まない。
ASTM E424−71を用いて紫外/可視分光光度分析により測定して少なくとも70パーセントの光透過率を有する156mm×156mm×3.2mmの第1最外層(ガラス);
第1最外層上に配置した156mm×156mm×200μmの光電池;および
光電池上全体に均一に配置した、モジュールBの液体シリコーン組成物を含む15ミルの第2層
を含む。比較モジュールBは複数の繊維も支持層も含まない。
ASTM E424−71を用いて紫外/可視分光光度分析により測定して少なくとも70パーセントの光透過率を有する156mm×156mm×3.2mmの第1最外層(ガラス);
第1最外層上に配置した156mm×156mm×200μmの接触光電池;
光電池上全体に均一に配置した、複数の繊維としてエチレン酢酸ビニルポリマーで少なくとも部分的に被覆した織物(不織布繊維ガラス)を含む15ミルの第2層;および
第2層上に配置した156mm×156mm×125μmの支持層(Tedlar(登録商標))
を含む。比較モジュールCはシリコーンを含まない。
ASTM E424−71を用いて紫外/可視分光光度分析により測定して少なくとも70パーセントの光透過率を有する156mm×156mm×3.2mmの第1最外層(ガラス);
第1最外層上に配置した156mm×156mm×200μmの光電池;および
光電池上全体に均一に配置した、複数の繊維としてエチレン酢酸ビニルポリマーで少なくとも部分的に被覆した織物(不織布ポリエステル)を含む15ミルの第2層
を含む。比較モジュールDはシリコーンや支持層も含まない。
また、追加層(層A〜E)を形成し、評価して絶縁耐力(ボルト/ミル)および補正絶縁耐力(ボルト/ミル)を求める。層A〜Eを形成し、あらゆる第1最外層および光電池は別として評価する。層Aはエチレン酢酸ビニルのみを含み、複数の繊維を含まず、本発明の結合層を表さない。層Bはシリコーン組成物のみを含み、複数の繊維を含まず、本発明の第2(最外)層を表さない。層Cは1つの可能な本発明の第2(最外)層を表し、層Bのシリコーン組成物を含み、シリコーン組成物で少なくとも部分的に被覆した複数のポリエステル繊維を含む。より具体的には、層Cは、4ミル厚の不織布ポリエステル繊維の層を含む。層Dは別の可能な本発明の第2(最外)層を表し、層Bのシリコーン組成物を含み、シリコーン組成物で少なくとも部分的に被覆した複数の繊維ガラス繊維を含む。より具体的には、層Dは4ミル厚の不織布繊維ガラス繊維の層を含む。層Eはさらに別の可能な本発明の第2(最外)層を表し、層Bのシリコーン組成物を含み、シリコーン組成物で少なくとも部分的に被覆した複数の繊維ガラス繊維を含む。より具体的には、層Eは、それぞれ4および5ミル厚の2つの不織布繊維ガラス繊維の層を含む。層A〜Eおよび絶縁耐力および補正絶縁耐力の評価結果を以下の表2に示す。
また、一連のヒドロシリル化硬化性シリコーン組成物(組成物1〜10)を以下の表3に示すように、本発明に従って形成する。形成後、組成物1〜10を約125℃で15〜20分間加熱して硬化させて、本発明の第2(最外)層の各種実施形態を表わす対応する層(層1〜10)の3つのグループを形成する。層1〜10を、以下にさらに記載するように、各種物理特性について評価する。
まず上述した層1〜10に戻ると、該層1〜10を3つのグループで形成する。第1グループでは、層1〜10を複数の繊維なしで形成する。第2グループでは、層1〜10を形成し、不織布繊維ガラス繊維の15ミル厚シートを少なくとも部分的に被覆する。第3グループでは、層1〜10を形成し、不織布ポリエステル繊維の15ミル厚シートを少なくとも部分的に被覆する。形成後、各3グループの層1〜10の各種試料を評価し、粘度、硬度、引張強度、伸び、切断強度、絶縁耐力、降伏電圧、および体積抵抗を測定する。評価結果は以下の表4に示す。
(++)は、上記(+)より優れた層の裏面上に切断試験を受けた面からの目に見える突起マークが存在しないことを示す層の質的目視評価を表す。
(+++)は、上記(++)より優れた層の切断試験を受けた面上に存在するいずれかのマークがほとんど目に見えないことを示す層の質的目視評価を表す。
また、組成物1、3、6、8および10を用いて一連のモジュール(モジュール1、3、6、8および10)を形成する。モジュール1、3、6、8および10を、以下の表5のように、上から下へ、それぞれ形成する。
形成後、モジュール1、3、6、8および10ならびに比較モジュールそれぞれの試料をIEC 61215 セクション10.13の1000時間湿熱試験によって評価し、約85℃および85%の相対湿度(85/85)の環境にさまざまな時間さらした後の湿熱の抵抗(Mオーム)への影響を測定する。完了後、IEC 61215 セクション10.15に従って湿式漏出試験を行う。より具体的には、モジュール1、3、6、8および10ならびに比較モジュールそれぞれの試料を、前記のように、切断試験を行う前および後に85/85環境にさらす。その後、試料を評価し、抵抗を測定する。
**は、1,968時間では試料が831Mオーム平均であるため合格となることを示す。
**は、1,968時間では試料が649Mオーム平均であるため合格となることを示す。
Claims (10)
- A. ASTM E424−71を用いる紫外/可視分光光度分析により測定して少なくとも70パーセントの光透過率を有し、任意にシリコーンを含む第1最外層と;
B.前記第1最外層上に配置した光電池と;
C.前記第1最外層に対向する第2最外層とを含み、
前記第2最外層がシリコーン組成物(I)を含み、前記光電池上に配置され、前記光電池を前記第2最外層と前記第1最外層との間に挟む光電池モジュールであって、
前記モジュールが、シリコーンポリマーを除くすべてのポリマーを含まず、
前記第2最外層が、複数の繊維を含まず、
前記シリコーン組成物(I)が、さらにヒドロシリル化硬化性として定義され、かつ、
(i)1分子当たり2つの末端不飽和部分を有する線状有機シリコン化合物と、1分子当たり2つの末端不飽和部分および1分子当たり少なくとも1つのペンダント不飽和部分を有する分岐鎖有機シリコン化合物と、
(ii)1分子当たり少なくとも3つのシリコン結合水素原子を有する有機水素シリコン化合物と、
(iii)前記線状有機シリコン化合物および前記分岐鎖有機シリコン化合物(i)と、前記有機水素シリコン化合物(ii)との間のヒドロシリル化反応を促進するのに用いるヒドロシリル化触媒と、を含み、
前記線状有機シリコン化合物および前記分岐鎖有機シリコン化合物の合計100質量部当たり、前記線状有機シリコン化合物は80〜95質量部の量で存在し、前記分岐鎖有機シリコン化合物は5〜20質量部の量で存在し、
前記有機水素シリコン化合物の1分子当たりのシリコン結合水素原子の、前記線状有機シリコン化合物および分岐鎖有機シリコン化合物の1分子当たりの不飽和部分の合計に対する比が1〜1.7である、
光電池モジュール。 - 前記シリコーン組成物(I)が、熱伝導性充填材を含む、請求項1に記載の光電池モジュール。
- 前記第2最外層が、充填材を含まない、請求項1に記載の光電池モジュール。
- 前記線状有機シリコン化合物が、ビニル末端ブロックポリジアルキルシロキサンとしてさらに定義され、
前記分岐鎖有機シリコン化合物が、少なくとも1つのビニルペンダント基を有するビニル末端ブロックポリジアルキルシロキサンとしてさらに定義され、
前記有機水素シリコン化合物が、トリメチルシロキシ末端ジメチル、メチル水素シロキサンとしてさらに定義される、請求項1に記載の光電池モジュール。 - 前記複数の繊維が任意にさらに不織布織物として定義され、前記不織布織物が、任意にマットであり、前記不織布織物が任意に繊維ガラスである、請求項1、2または3のいずれか1項に記載の光電池モジュール。
- 前記光電池上に配置し、前記光電池と前記第1最外層との間に挟まれた結合層をさらに含み、
前記結合層が、前記シリコーン組成物(I)と同じかまたは異なる第2シリコーン組成物(II)を任意に含む、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の光電池モジュール。 - 前記第2最外層が、シリコンおよび酸素系物質(SiOx)で少なくとも部分的に被覆されている、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の光電池モジュール。
- 前記第1最外層が、シリコンおよび酸素系物質(SiOx)で少なくとも部分的に被覆されている、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の光電池モジュール。
- 前記シリコーン組成物が、さらに難燃剤を含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の光電池モジュール。
- 前記難燃剤が、アルミナ粉末および/またはウォラストナイトである、請求項9に記載の光電池モジュール。
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP2485277A2 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
JP2012507869A (ja) | 2012-03-29 |
CN102931260A (zh) | 2013-02-13 |
TWI513025B (zh) | 2015-12-11 |
US20110203664A1 (en) | 2011-08-25 |
WO2010051355A2 (en) | 2010-05-06 |
CN102272947A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
US20150171249A1 (en) | 2015-06-18 |
KR20120130299A (ko) | 2012-11-30 |
EP2485276A3 (en) | 2012-09-26 |
KR101625545B1 (ko) | 2016-05-30 |
EP2485276A2 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
US9842952B2 (en) | 2017-12-12 |
TWI508313B (zh) | 2015-11-11 |
CN102931259A (zh) | 2013-02-13 |
TW201308643A (zh) | 2013-02-16 |
KR20120130018A (ko) | 2012-11-28 |
WO2010051355A3 (en) | 2011-01-06 |
EP2351102A2 (en) | 2011-08-03 |
EP2351102B1 (en) | 2014-08-20 |
EP2485277A3 (en) | 2012-09-26 |
KR20110090996A (ko) | 2011-08-10 |
TWI508317B (zh) | 2015-11-11 |
JP2013048275A (ja) | 2013-03-07 |
TW201308642A (zh) | 2013-02-16 |
TW201034214A (en) | 2010-09-16 |
JP2013065859A (ja) | 2013-04-11 |
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