JP5507781B2 - クロム、モリブデンもしくはタングステンの供給源および少なくとも1種の(ヘテロ)ヒドロカルビル基に結合した少なくとも1個の燐、砒素もしくはアンチモン原子を含有するリガンドを用いるオレフィン三量化 - Google Patents
クロム、モリブデンもしくはタングステンの供給源および少なくとも1種の(ヘテロ)ヒドロカルビル基に結合した少なくとも1個の燐、砒素もしくはアンチモン原子を含有するリガンドを用いるオレフィン三量化 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5507781B2 JP5507781B2 JP2002508567A JP2002508567A JP5507781B2 JP 5507781 B2 JP5507781 B2 JP 5507781B2 JP 2002508567 A JP2002508567 A JP 2002508567A JP 2002508567 A JP2002508567 A JP 2002508567A JP 5507781 B2 JP5507781 B2 JP 5507781B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- methoxyphenyl
- trimerization
- olefin
- polymerization
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 71
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 60
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 46
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 23
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical group [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical group [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229910052787 antimony Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 8
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 8
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical group [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 5
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 title description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 title description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 161
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 114
- -1 methoxy, ethoxy Chemical group 0.000 claims description 85
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 59
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 125000004204 2-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 23
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical group P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006384 oligomerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000005922 Phosphane Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsane Chemical group [AsH3] RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000064 phosphane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- OUULRIDHGPHMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N stibane Chemical group [SbH3] OUULRIDHGPHMNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910000066 arsane Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-decene Natural products CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000067 stibane Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001617 2,3-dimethoxy phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C(OC([H])([H])[H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005808 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H][#6]-1=[#6](-[#8]C([H])([H])[H])-[#6](-*)=[#6](-[#8]C([H])([H])[H])-[#6]([H])=[#6]-1-[#8]C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- KLIDCXVFHGNTTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dimethoxyphenol Chemical group COC1=CC=CC(OC)=C1O KLIDCXVFHGNTTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002178 anthracenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- BTRZZCAJUPBUHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris[2-(methoxymethoxy)phenyl]phosphane Chemical compound COCOC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OCOC)C1=CC=CC=C1OCOC BTRZZCAJUPBUHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenamine Chemical compound NC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 UWRZIZXBOLBCON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002030 1,2-phenylene group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([*:1])=C([*:2])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- UQRONKZLYKUEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)pent-4-en-2-one Chemical group CC(=C)CC(=O)Cc1c(C)cc(C)cc1C UQRONKZLYKUEMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005469 ethylenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004092 methylthiomethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])SC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002088 tosyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- IIOSDXGZLBPOHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1OC IIOSDXGZLBPOHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011954 Ziegler–Natta catalyst Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 69
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 33
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 24
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- AQZWEFBJYQSQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyloxaluminane Chemical compound C[Al]1CCCCO1 AQZWEFBJYQSQEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 11
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 10
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hexene Natural products CCCC=CC RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012685 gas phase polymerization Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N borane Chemical compound B UORVGPXVDQYIDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940069096 dodecene Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisobutylaluminium Chemical compound CC(C)C[Al](CC(C)C)CC(C)C MCULRUJILOGHCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQDPJFUHLCOCRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hexene Chemical compound CCC=CCC ZQDPJFUHLCOCRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002574 poison Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Heptene Chemical compound CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Tridecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=C VQOXUMQBYILCKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-heptadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C ADOBXTDBFNCOBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-tetradecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC=C HFDVRLIODXPAHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-undecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC=C DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004708 Very-low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000085 borane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Cr+3].[Cr+3] UOUJSJZBMCDAEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
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- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylborane Chemical compound CCB(CC)CC LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylborane Chemical compound CB(C)C WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylalumane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Al](CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC LFXVBWRMVZPLFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylborane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1B(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1B(C=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/12—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/14—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides of aluminium or boron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Description
(a)クロム、モリブデンもしくはタングステンの供給源と;
(b)極性置換基を有する(ただし、この種の全極性置換基がホスファン、アルサンもしくはスチバン基である場合を除く)少なくとも1種のヒドロカルビルもしくはヘテロヒドロカルビル基に結合した少なくとも1個の燐、砒素もしくはアンチモン原子を含有するリガンドと;必要に応じ
(c)活性化剤と
からなることを特徴とする。
(a)第3〜10族遷移金属の供給源と;
(b)極性置換基を有する(ただし、この種の全極性置換基がホスファン、アルサンもしくはスチバン基である場合を除く)少なくとも1種のヒドロカルビルもしくはヘテロヒドロカルビル基に結合した少なくとも1個の燐、砒素もしくはアンチモン原子を含有するリガンドと;必要に応じ
(c)活性化剤と
からなっている。
(a)第3〜10族遷移金属の供給源と;
(b)極性置換基を有する(ただし、この種の全極性置換基がホスファン、アルサンもしくはスチバン基である場合を除く)少なくとも1種のヒドロカルビル基もしくはヘテロヒドロカルビル基に結合した少なくとも1個の燐、砒素もしくはアンチモン原子を含有するリガンドと;必要に応じ
(c)活性化剤と
からなっている。
(R1)(R2)X−Y−X(R3)(R4)
を有し、ここで
Xは燐、砒素もしくはアンチモンであり;
Yは結合基であり;
R1、R2、R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立してヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ヘテロヒドロカルビルもしくは置換ヘテロヒドロカルビル基であり、その少なくとも1つはホスファン、アルサンもしくはスチバン基でない極性置換基を有する。
(2−メトキシフェニル)(フェニル)PN(Me)P(フェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(フェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)(フェニル)PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)(フェニル)、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
(2−エトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−エトキシフェニル)2、
(2−イソプロポキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−イソプロポキシフェニル)2、
(2−ヒドロキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−ヒドロキシフェニル)2、
(2−ニトロフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−ニトロフェニル)2、
(2,3−ジメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2,3−ジメトキシフェニル)2、
(2,4−ジメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2,4−ジメトキシフェニル)2、
(2,6−ジメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2,6−ジメトキシフェニル)2、
(2,4,6−トリメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2,4,6−トリメトキシフェニル)2、
(2−ジメトキシフェニル)(2−メチルフェニル)PN(Me)P(2−メチルフェニル)2、
[2−(ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]2PN(Me)P[2−(ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]2、
(2−メトキシメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシメトキシフェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(エチル)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(フェニル)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)N(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PCH2P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PCH2CH2P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
トリ(2−メトキシメトキシフェニル)ホスファン、すなわち
操作は全て嫌気条件下に行った。溶剤およびガスを乾燥させると共に、標準的手順により脱ガスさせた。各薬品は特記しない限りアルドリッチ・ケミカル・カンパニー社から購入した。メチルアルモキサン(MAO)および改変メチルアルモキサン(MMAO)は、それぞれトルエンもしくはヘプタンにおける10%w/w溶液としてウィトコ社から購入した。(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2は文献の手順(国際公開第97/37765号パンフレットの例12参照)により合成した。Cr(p−トリル)Cl2(THF)3は文献の手順[J.J.ダリー;R.P.A.シーデン;ジャーナル・ケミカル・ソサエティA、1967、第736頁]により合成した。反応生成物は、50m×0.3mm(内径)のCP sil CBS−MS、df=0.4 μmカラムと、−30℃の初期温度と、保持1分間と、上昇速度7℃/minと、最終温度280℃と、最終保持5分間とを用いてGCMSにより分析した。触媒のモル量は、その作成に使用されたクロム供給源のモル量に基づく。
シュレンク管にCrCl3(THF)3(8mg、0.02ミリモル)と(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2(10mg、0.02ミリモル)とを充填し、10mlのTHFを添加し、溶液を2時間撹拌した。この時間の後、溶剤を減圧下で除去すると共に、得られた固体を50mlのトルエンに懸濁させた。MAO(4.2ml、6.0ミリモル、300当量)を添加し、その直後に緑色溶液が観察された。溶液をエチレン雰囲気(1バール)の下に置いた。即座の発熱が観察された。反応を60分間にわたり続け、その間に容器を1バールのエチレンを供給すべく開口させた。次いで触媒を50mlの希塩酸水溶液の添加により破壊し、有機層を分離すると共にMgSO4で乾燥させた。シュレンク反応容器の質量増加を秤量して記録された生成物質量は10.3gであった。
重量%全生成物
ブテン 0.04
1−ヘキセン 82.17
2−ヘキセン 0.44
3−ヘキセン 0.15
1−オクテン 1.37
デセン 14.39
C12オレフィン 0.20
C14オレフィン 0.78
C16オレフィン 0.00
C18オレフィン 0.00
実施例1の手順に従ったが、ただしMAOの代わりに300当量のMMAO(4.2ml、6.0ミリモル)を使用した。生成物質量は8.8gであった。
実施例1の手順に従ったが、ただしMAOの代わりに100当量の(iBu2AlO)2(トルエン中2.0M溶液、1.0ml、2.0ミリモル)を使用した。生成物質量は1.3gであった。
実施例1の手順に従ったが、ただしCrCl3(THF)3の代わりにCrCl2(3mg、0.02ミリモル)を使用した。生成物質量は5.6gであった。
シュレンク容器にはCr(p−トリル)Cl2(THF)3(9mg、0.02ミリモル)と(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2(10mg、0.02ミリモル)とを充填し、50mlのトルエンを添加すると共に、溶液を5分間撹拌した。MMAO(4.2ml、6.0ミリモル、300当量)を添加し、溶液をエチレン雰囲気(1バール)の下に置いた。反応を60分間にわたり続け、その間に容器を1バールのエチレンを供給すべく開口させた。反応を実施例1に記載したように行った。生成物質量は11.0gであった。
実施例1の手順に従ったが、ただし0.02ミリモルの代わりに0.04ミリモル(20mg)の(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2を使用した。生成物質量は9.5gであった。
実施例2の手順に従ったが、ただし0.02ミリモルでなく0.01ミリモル(5mg)の(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2を使用した。生成物質量は3.3gであった。
シュレンク管に(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2(415mg、0.8ミリモル)とCrCl3(THF)3(300mg、0.8ミリモル)とを充填し、30mlのジクロルメタンを添加した。淡青色溶液がほぼ即座に形成され、これを2時間にわたり撹拌した。この時間の後、溶剤を減圧下で除去して青色固体を得た。これをジエチルエーテルで洗浄すると共に減圧乾燥させた。他のシュレンク管に1mgのこの化合物を充填し、50mlのトルエンを添加した。MMAO(16.8ml、24ミリモル、300当量)を添加し、溶液をエチレン雰囲気(1バール)の下に置いた。反応を60分間続け、その間に1バールのエチレンを供給すべく容器を開口させた。反応を実施例1に記載したように行った。生成物質量は2.5gであった。
シリカ上のMAOの作成
シリカを含有する容器にトルエン(200ml)を添加した(国際公開第99/12981号パンフレットの例37.1に記載された手順により作成)。シリカはグレードES70Xとしてクロスフィールド社により供給され、200℃にて1晩焼成し、不活性雰囲気下での焼成後に20.5gであった。このスラリーを機械撹拌し、MAO(1.5M、62.1ミリモル、41.4ml)を注射器により添加した。混合物を80℃にて1時間にわたり撹拌した後、過剰のトルエンを除去すると共に減圧乾燥させて、シリカ上の15%w/wMAOを定量的収率にて得た。
シュレンク容器にCrCl3(THF)3(8mg、0.02ミリモル)と(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2(10mg、0.02ミリモル)とを充填し、10mlのTHFを添加して溶液を2時間にわたり撹拌した。この時間の後、溶剤を減圧下に除去し、得られた固体を20mlのトルエンに懸濁させた。MAO(1.4ml、2ミリモル、100当量)を添加し、即座に緑色溶液が観察された。次いで、この溶液をカニューレを介しトルエンにおけるシリカ上の15%w/wMAO(上記のように作成)のスラリーを含有するシュレンク管に移した(30mlのトルエンにおける1gのMAO/シリカ)。溶液の緑色は急速にシリカ/MAOに移行し、無色の上澄液が残留した。このスラリーを撹拌すると共に、エチレン雰囲気(1バール)の下に置いた。反応を60分間続け、その間に1バールのエチレンを供給すべく容器を開口させた。反応を実施例1に記載したように行った。生成物質量は8.9gであった。
シュレンク容器にCrCl3(THF)3(8mg、0.02ミリモル)と(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2(10mg、0.02ミリモル)とを充填し、10mlのTHFを添加すると共に溶液を2時間にわたり撹拌した。この時間の後、溶剤を減圧下に除去し、得られた固体を10mlのトルエンに懸濁させ、MAO(4.2ml、6.0ミリモル、300当量)を添加した。次いで、この溶液を8バールのエチレン圧力および50℃にてオートクレーブ中へ注入した。希釈剤はイソブタンとした。反応を8バールのエチレン圧力および50℃にて1時間行い、この時間の後にエチレンおよびイソブタンガスを排気した。次いで反応生成物を実施例1に記載したように処理した。回収された生成物の質量は40.0gであり、1時間にわたる生産率は2000g/ミリモル・h・であった。GCMS分析は次の生成物分布を示した:
重量%全生成物
ブテン 0.00
1−ヘキセン 88.37
2−ヘキセン 0.12
3−ヘキセン 0.00
オクテン 3.95
デセン 6.61
C12オレフィン 0.33
C14オレフィン 0.20
C16オレフィン 0.00
C18オレフィン 0.00
実施例10の手順に従ったが、ただしイソブテンの代わりに500mlのトルエン希釈剤を使用すると共に0.01ミリモルの触媒を使用した。反応器条件を50℃および8バールのエチレン圧力に60分間の試験時間にわたり維持した。試験時間にわたる安定なガス吸収プロフィルを観察した。回収された生成物の質量は72.7gであると共に、1時間にわたる生産率は7270g/ミリモル・h(134 700g/gCr.h.)であった。
実施例11の手順に従ったが、ただし反応器条件を60分間の試験時間にわたり80℃および20バールのエチレン圧力に維持した。0.0025ミリモルの触媒を使用した。回収された生成物の質量は141gであると共に、1時間にわたる生産率は56400g/ミリモル・h(1033 200g/gCr.h.)であった。
実施例11の手順に従ったが、ただし反応器条件を108℃および8バールのエチレン圧力に60分間の試験時間にわたり維持した。0.01ミリモルの触媒を使用した。回収された生成物の質量は51.6gであり、1時間にわたる生産率は5160g/ミリモル・h(95 900g/gCr.h.)であった。
実施例11の手順に従ったが、ただし1バールの水素を反応器に添加した後に試験を行った。0.01ミリモルの触媒を使用した。回収された生成物の質量は94.7gであり、1時間にわたる生産率は9470g/ミリモル・h(175 300g/gCr.h.)であった。
実施例11の手順に従ったが、ただし実施例8に記載したように作成された0.01ミリモルの支持触媒を使用した。回収された生成物の質量は49.8gであり、1時間にわたる生産率は4980g/ミリモル・h(90 406g/gCr.h.)であった。
実施例11の手順に従ったが、ただし100mlの1−ブテンを反応器に添加した後に試験を行い、400mlのトルエン希釈剤を使用した。反応器条件を80℃および4バールのエチレン圧力に維持した。0.02ミリモルの触媒を使用した。回収された生成物の質量は49.4gであり、1時間にわたる生産率は2470g/ミリモル・h(46125g/gCr.h.)であった。
実施例1の手順に従ったが、ただしこの場合は試験時間を90分間とし、生成物質量を試験にわたる種々の時間でのシュレンク反応容器の質量増加を秤量して記録した。
時間(min) 15 30 45 60 90
質量増加(g) 2.7 5.2 7.6 10.0 13.0
全生成物重量%
ブテン 0.00
1−ヘキセン 64.10
2−ヘキセン 0.13
3−ヘキセン 0.00
オクテン 0.44
デセン 28.93
C12オレフィン 0.13
C14オレフィン 4.99
C16オレフィン 0.00
C18オレフィン 0.59
実施例2の手順に従ったが、ただし20mlのトルエンを使用すると共に20mlの1−ドデセンを試験の開始時点で添加した。生成物質量は2.1gであった。
実施例2の手順に従ったが、ただし20mlのトルエンを使用すると共に20mlの1−テトラデセンを試験の開始時点で添加した。生成物質量は3.2gであった。
実施例9の手順に従ったが、ただし20mlのトルエンを使用し、20mlの1−ドデセンを試験の開始時点で添加し、この場合は試験を4.5時間とした。生成物質量は7.5gであった。
実施例1の手順に従ったが、ただし(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2の代わりに1,2−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)エタン(8mg、0.02ミリモル)を使用した。生成物は形成されなかった。
実施例1の手順に従ったが、ただし(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2の代わりにトリス(2−メトキシメトキシフェニル)ホスファン(18mg、0.04ミリモル)を使用した。生成物質量は1.2gであった。反応生成物のGCMS分析は次の生成物分布を与えた:
全生成物重量%
1−ヘキセン 90.66
2−ヘキセン 2.94
1−オクテン 2.85
デセン 3.54
実施例20の手順に従ったが、ただしトリス(2−メトキシメトキシフェニル)ホスファンの代わりにトリフェニルホスファン(11mg、0.04ミリモル)を使用した。生成物は形成されなかった。
エチレンの(共)重合
オートクレーブにイソブタン(500ml)とトリエチルアルミニウム(トルエン中2.0M溶液、1.5ml、3ミリモル)とを充填した。オートクレーブを8バールのエチレン圧力まで加圧すると共に50℃まで加熱した。
エチレンの(共)重合
支持触媒(0.01ミリモル)を実施例9に記載したように40mlのトルエン中で作成した。別のシュレンク管にて[rac−(エチレン架橋ビスインデニル)ジルコニウムジクロライド](1mg、0.01ミリモル)を10mlのトルエンに溶解させ、MMAO(7ml、10.0ミリモル、1000当量)を添加した。この第2溶液をカニューレを介し支持触媒スラリーに添加し、得られたスラリーを1バールのエチレン雰囲気下で撹拌した。反応を60分間にわたり行い、その後に1バールのエチレンを供給するため容器を開口させた。次いで触媒を50mlの希塩酸水溶液の慎重な添加により破壊した。有機フラクションと水性フラクションとの両者を次いで500mlのアセトンに添加して、生成ポリマーの沈殿を生ぜしめた。ポリマーをさらにアセトンで洗浄して減圧乾燥させた。回収されたポリマーの質量は3.4gであった。ポリマーのNMRスペクトロスコピーはブチル分枝鎖の存在を示し、これはエチレン/1−ヘキセンコポリマーが生成されたことを示す。
Claims (36)
- (a)クロムの供給源と;
(b)極性置換基を有する(ただし、この種の全極性置換基がホスファン、アルサンもしくはスチバン基である場合を除く)少なくとも1種のヒドロカルビルもしくはヘテロヒドロカルビル基に結合した少なくとも1個の燐、砒素もしくはアンチモン原子を含有するリガンドと;
(c)活性化剤としてアルモキサン
を含むオレフィンの三量化用触媒であって、
成分(b)のリガンドが式
(R1)(R2)X−Y−X(R3)(R4)もしくは
X(R1)(R2)(R3)を有し、ここで
Xは燐、砒素もしくはアンチモンであり;
Yはヒドロカルビルもしくはヘテロヒドロカルビルであり;
R1、R2、R3およびR4はそれぞれ独立してヒドロカルビル、置換ヒドロカルビル、ヘテロヒドロカルビルもしくは置換ヘテロヒドロカルビル基であり、各式にてその少なくとも1つはホスファン、アルサンもしくはスチバン基でない極性置換基を有し、該極性置換基は、メトキシ、エトキシ、C3〜C20アルコキシ、フェノキシ、ペンタフルオロフェノキシ、トリメチルシロキシ、ジメチルアミノ、メチルスルファニル、トシル、メトキシメチル、メチルチオメチル、1,3−オキサゾリル、メトキシメトキシ、ヒドロキシル、アミノ、サルフェートおよびニトロから選択された一種であり、基R1〜R4は全て独立して互いに1個もしくはそれ以上または架橋基Yに結合してXまたはXおよびYと一緒に環式構造を形成しうること
を特徴とする触媒。
- 触媒が支持体に支持されている請求項1に記載の触媒。
- 支持されていない触媒1モル当たりの生産率に対して少なくとも50%の生産率を有する請求項2に記載の触媒。
- 支持体がシリカ、アルミナ、MgCl2、ジルコニア、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレンもしくはポリ(アミノスチレン)から選択される請求項2または3に記載の触媒。
- Xが燐である請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- R1、R2、R3およびR4の適宜置換されたヒドロカルビルもしくはヘテロヒドロカルビル基が独立してメチル、エチル、エチレニル、プロピル、ブチル、シクロヘキシル、ベンジル、フェニル、トリル、キシリル、メシチル、ビフェニル、ナフチル、アンスラセニル、メトキシ、エトキシ、フェノキシ(すなわち−OC6H5)、トリルオキシ(すなわち−OC6H4(CH3))、キシリルオキシ、メシチルオキシ、ジメチルアミノ、ジエチルアミノ、メチルエチルアミノ、チオメチル、チオフェニル、トリメチルシリルもしくはジメチルヒドラジルから選択される請求項4または5に記載の触媒。
- 極性置換基を有するR1〜R4がそれぞれ独立して置換フェニル、置換ナフチルもしくは置換アンスラセニル基である請求項4〜6のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 極性置換基を有するR1〜R4がそれぞれ独立してo−メトキシフェニルもしくはo−メトキシメトキシフェニルである請求項7に記載の触媒。
- R1〜R4の全てが独立してホスファン、アルサンもしくはスチバン基でない極性置換基を有する請求項4〜8のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- Yがメチレン、1,2−エタン、1,2−フェニレン、1,3−プロパン、1,2−カテコールまたは−N(R5)−(式中、R5は水素、C1〜C6アルキルもしくはフェニルである)である請求項9に記載の触媒。
- 成分(b)が次のもの:
(2−メトキシフェニル)(フェニル)PN(Me)P(フェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(フェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)(フェニル)PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)(フェニル)、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
(2−エトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−エトキシフェニル)2、
(2−イソプロポキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−イソプロポキシフェニル)2、
(2−ヒドロキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−ヒドロキシフェニル)2、(2−ニトロフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−ニトロフェニル)2、
(2,3−ジメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2,3−ジメトキシフェニル)2、
(2,4−ジメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2,4−ジメトキシフェニル)2、
(2,6−ジメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2,6−ジメトキシフェニル)2、
(2,4,6−トリメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2,4,6−トリメトキシフェニル)2、
(2−ジメトキシフェニル)(2−メチルフェニル)PN(Me)P(2−メチルフェニル)2、
[2−(ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]2PN(Me)P[2−(ジメチルアミノ)フェニル]2、
(2−メトキシメトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)P(2−メトキシメトキシフェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(エチル)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(フェニル)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、(2−メトキシフェニル)2PN(Me)N(Me)P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PCH2P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
(2−メトキシフェニル)2PCH2CH2P(2−メトキシフェニル)2、
トリ(2−メトキシメトキシフェニル)ホスファン、すなわち
【化1】
トリ(2−メトキシフェニル)ホスファン
から選択される請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- オレフィンの重合、またはオリゴマー化に適する1種もしくはそれ以上の触媒(d)をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 触媒(d)がチーグラー・ナッタ触媒、メタロセン触媒、モノシクロペンタジエニル触媒、熱活性化支持酸化クロム触媒、およびレート遷移金属触媒から選択される請求項12に記載の触媒。
- 触媒1ミリモル当たり毎時少なくとも15000g生成物の三量化生産率を110℃もしくはそれ以下の温度および21バールもしくはそれ以下のエチレン分圧にて有する請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- 触媒生産率が毎時10%未満の速度で減衰する請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- オレフィンがエチレンであり、触媒1ミリモル当たり毎時少なくとも15000gの生成物の三量化生産率を110℃もしくはそれ以下の温度および21バールもしくはそれ以下のエチレン分圧にて有する請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- シリカ、アルミナ、MgCl2、ジルコニア、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレンもしくはポリ(アミノスチレン)から選択される支持体に支持されている請求項14〜16のいずれか一項に記載の触媒。
- モノマーオレフィンまたはオレフィンの混合物を三量化条件下で請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に規定された触媒と接触させることを特徴とするオレフィンの三量化方法。
- オレフィンまたはオレフィンの混合物を追加的にオレフィンの重合、またはオリゴマー化に適する更なる触媒(d)と接触させて、三量化生成物を高級ポリマーもしくは他の化学生成物に組込む請求項18に記載の方法。
- モノマーオレフィンがエチレンである請求項18〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- オレフィンの混合物がエチレンと1種もしくはそれ以上のC3−C36モノオレフィンとからなる請求項18〜19のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- C3−C36モノオレフィンがC4−C20モノオレフィンである請求項21に記載の方法。
- C4−C20モノオレフィンがブテン、ヘキセン、デセン、C12オレフィンもしくはC14オレフィンからなる請求項22に記載の方法。
- 三量化反応生成物の少なくとも85重量%が、1−ヘキセン、1−オクテン、1−デセン、C12オレフィン、C14オレフィン、C16オレフィンもしくはC18オレフィンの1種である請求項18〜23のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 反応温度が100℃未満であり、および/または反応圧力が30bara未満である請求項18〜24のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 重合反応器における滞留時間が4時間未満である請求項18〜25のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 反応条件が溶液相、スラリー相もしくは気相である請求項18〜26のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 反応を気相流動床条件下で行う請求項27に記載の方法。
- 三量化反応器が少なくとも1つの重合もしくはオリゴマー化反応器の上流もしくは下流に存在する請求項19に記載の方法。
- 三量化反応器を少なくとも1つの重合もしくはオリゴマー化反応器の反応ループに組込む請求項19に記載の方法。
- 三量化反応器を前記反応ループ内の側流に組込む請求項30に記載の方法。
- 三量化反応生成物を、少なくとも1つの重合もしくはオリゴマー化反応器で生成させまたはそこに導入する請求項19に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種の三量化反応生成物を、重合もしくはオリゴマー化反応器に(再)導入する前に、三量化反応生成物の残部から分離する請求項19および29〜31のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 三量化反応を水素および/またはハライド供給源の存在下に行う請求項18〜33のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- オレフィンの三量化用触媒としての、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の各成分(a)、(b)、および(c)の混合物の使用。
- オレフィンの三量化用触媒としての、請求項1〜17のいずれか一項に記載の各成分(a)、(b)、(c)および請求項12または13に記載の成分(d)の混合物の使用。
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PCT/GB2001/003006 WO2002004119A1 (en) | 2000-07-11 | 2001-07-04 | Olefin trimerisation using a catalyst comprising a source of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten and a ligand containing at least one phosphorous, arsenic or antimony atom bound to at least one (hetero)hydrocarbyl group |
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EP1299189A1 (en) | 2003-04-09 |
WO2002004119A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
MY128288A (en) | 2007-01-31 |
EP1299189B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
US20050020788A1 (en) | 2005-01-27 |
PL358746A1 (en) | 2004-08-23 |
SK172003A3 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
AR028795A1 (es) | 2003-05-21 |
CN100402152C (zh) | 2008-07-16 |
NO20030108L (no) | 2003-02-13 |
MXPA03000301A (es) | 2004-04-05 |
HUP0400497A2 (hu) | 2004-05-28 |
KR20030017616A (ko) | 2003-03-03 |
BR0112470A (pt) | 2003-07-29 |
ES2662900T3 (es) | 2018-04-10 |
GB0016895D0 (en) | 2000-08-30 |
CA2412990A1 (en) | 2002-01-17 |
TW562696B (en) | 2003-11-21 |
US7141633B2 (en) | 2006-11-28 |
AU2001267743A1 (en) | 2002-01-21 |
BR0112470B1 (pt) | 2014-10-14 |
RU2299096C2 (ru) | 2007-05-20 |
KR100845444B1 (ko) | 2008-07-10 |
US20030166456A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
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