JP5342140B2 - 多孔質膜の堆積方法 - Google Patents
多孔質膜の堆積方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5342140B2 JP5342140B2 JP2007527982A JP2007527982A JP5342140B2 JP 5342140 B2 JP5342140 B2 JP 5342140B2 JP 2007527982 A JP2007527982 A JP 2007527982A JP 2007527982 A JP2007527982 A JP 2007527982A JP 5342140 B2 JP5342140 B2 JP 5342140B2
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- deposition
- silicon
- selective silicon
- silicon removal
- selective
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 133
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title claims description 124
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 188
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 188
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 187
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 159
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 27
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- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
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- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
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- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
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- BLIQUJLAJXRXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ium-3-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)O)(C(F)(F)F)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 BLIQUJLAJXRXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ONRPGGOGHKMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2-diol;ethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCN.OC1=CC=CC=C1O ONRPGGOGHKMHDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003209 poly(hydridosilsesquioxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010849 ion bombardment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- -1 methylsilsesquioxane Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002044 microwave spectrum Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 22
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical compound FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005033 Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrafluoride Chemical compound F[Si](F)(F)F ABTOQLMXBSRXSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IGELFKKMDLGCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon difluoride Chemical compound F[Xe]F IGELFKKMDLGCJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/7682—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing the dielectric comprising air gaps
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/314—Inorganic layers
- H01L21/316—Inorganic layers composed of oxides or glassy oxides or oxide based glass
- H01L21/31604—Deposition from a gas or vapour
- H01L21/31625—Deposition of boron or phosphorus doped silicon oxide, e.g. BSG, PSG, BPSG
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic System or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/314—Inorganic layers
- H01L21/316—Inorganic layers composed of oxides or glassy oxides or oxide based glass
- H01L21/31604—Deposition from a gas or vapour
- H01L21/31629—Deposition of halogen doped silicon oxide, e.g. fluorine doped silicon oxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2221/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof covered by H01L21/00
- H01L2221/10—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device
- H01L2221/1005—Formation and after-treatment of dielectrics
- H01L2221/1042—Formation and after-treatment of dielectrics the dielectric comprising air gaps
- H01L2221/1047—Formation and after-treatment of dielectrics the dielectric comprising air gaps the air gaps being formed by pores in the dielectric
Description
1見かけ堆積速度は、所定の時間間隔内で堆積したシリカとシリコンの相対量から計算することができる。例えば、共堆積層内のシリカ及びシリコンの相対量は、SIMS(2次イオン質量スペクトル法)分析及びFTIR(フーリエ変換赤外線)吸収スペクトルによって測定されるシリコン及び酸素の相対量から推定することができる。
114 処理条件を再選択することができる段階
Claims (37)
- 複数の処理サイクルを含む、基板上にホストマトリックス材料の多孔質膜を堆積させる方法であって、
各サイクルが、
ホストマトリックス材料をシリコンと共に共堆積させる段階と、
共堆積の後に、共堆積物内の前記シリコンが選択的シリコン除去反応剤により化学的に除去されて該共堆積物に孔隙が形成されるように、該共堆積物を少なくとも1つの選択的シリコン除去反応剤を含む反応雰囲気に露出する段階と、
を含み、
それによって前記共堆積段階及び前記選択的シリコン除去段階の実行の反復が、多孔質膜の厚みを増大させる、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記共堆積段階は、スピンコーティングと、熱化学気相蒸着と、物理蒸着と、高周波からマイクロ波のスペクトルに及ぶ電磁エネルギによって補助された堆積技術とを含む群から選択された堆積技術を用いて行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の方法。
- 複数の処理サイクルを含む、真空環境で基板上にホストマトリックス材料の多孔質膜を堆積させる方法であって、
各サイクルが、
プラズマ強化の補助の有無によらず化学気相蒸着技術によってホストマトリックス材料をシリコンと共に共堆積させる段階と、
共堆積の後に、共堆積物内の前記シリコンが選択的シリコン除去反応剤により化学的に除去されて該共堆積物に孔隙が形成されるように、該共堆積物を少なくとも1つの選択的シリコン除去反応剤を含む反応雰囲気に露出する段階と、
を含み、
それによって前記共堆積段階及び前記選択的シリコン除去段階の実行の反復が、多孔質膜の厚みを増大させる、
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 真空環境で基板上にホストマトリックス材料の多孔質膜を堆積させるためのプラズマ強化化学気相蒸着技術に基づく方法であって、
真空環境に基板を準備する段階と、
膜ホストマトリックス材料のPECVD及びシリコンのPECVDを促進するための当業者に公知の化学反応剤を含む前駆体を前記真空環境の中に導入する段階と、
少なくとも1つの選択的シリコン除去反応剤を前記真空環境の中に更に導入する段階と、
RF電力変調を前記反応剤の混合物に印加して複数の処理サイクルの作動を制御し、各変調サイクル中に、シリコンとの前記ホストマトリックス材料のPECVD共堆積が最初に進行し、続いて共堆積物内の該シリコンの化学的除去が行われて該共堆積物に孔隙を形成する段階と、
を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記変調サイクル内のある一定の持続時間にわたる前記RF電力レベルは、前記膜ホストマトリックス材料の前記堆積及びシリコンの前記堆積の両方に対して適切なレベルに設定され、同じサイクル内のその後の持続期間にわたる該RF電力レベルは、切られるか又は前記選択的シリコン除去反応剤の発生しうる任意の堆積又は解離に要求されるレベルよりも低いレベルまで低減されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記膜ホストマトリックス材料は、無機又は有機材料又はその組合せであることを特徴とする請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記膜ホストマトリックス材料は、シリカ、炭素−ドープシリカ、フッ素−ドープシリカ、ホウ素−ドープシリカ、燐−ドープシリカ、ホウ素−燐−ドープシリカ、ゲルマニウム−ドープシリカ、水素シルセスキオキサン、メチルシルセスキオキサン、窒化珪素、酸窒化珪素、炭化珪素、酸化アルミニウム、窒化アルミニウム、酸窒化アルミニウム、窒化ホウ素、酸窒化ホウ素、及びその組合せから成る群のメンバであることを特徴とする請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記選択的シリコン除去反応剤は、フッ素、塩素、臭素、及びそれらのその誘導体を含む分子ハロゲン化物及びハロゲン化化学種から成る群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記選択的シリコン除去反応剤は、分子フッ素、2フッ化キセノン、及びそれらのその組合せから成る群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記選択的シリコン除去反応剤は、水酸化カリウム、テトラメチルアンモニウム水酸化物、エチレンジアミンピロカテコール、及びそれらのその誘導体から成る群から選択された少なくとも化学物質を含有する溶液から生じた蒸気を前記選択的シリコン除去反応剤に対して化学的に不活性な高蒸気圧搬送ガスと任意的に混合したものであることを特徴とする請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記共堆積段階及び前記選択的シリコン除去段階は、同じクラスターツールで別々の処理チャンバで行われることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記共堆積段階及び前記選択的シリコン除去段階は、同じ処理チャンバで行われることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項3に記載の方法。
- プログラムに一連の処理段階を含む処方プログラムを用いるPECVDシステムにおいて実行されて、前記共堆積段階及び前記選択的シリコン除去段階の循環的実行を促進することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記共堆積段階がRF電力を備えたPECVDによる1つの段階で行われ、前記選択的シリコン除去段階がRF電力なしの異なる段階で行われる多段反応装置の別々の段階で行われることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の方法。
- RF電力変調機能を備えたPECVDシステムにおいて行われることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- RF電力を要する前記共堆積段階と、RF電力を要しないが前記選択的シリコン除去反応剤の解離に要求されるレベルよりも低いRF電力のレベルに適合することができる前記選択的シリコン除去段階との循環的実行を促進するためにRF電力レベル変更の制御を可能にする手段を提供するように修正されたPECVDシステムにおいて行われることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記RF電力は、0.0005Hzから500Hzの処理サイクル周波数で1%から99%に及ぶ共堆積負荷サイクルを用いて送出されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記PECVD条件は、単一周波数モードにおける100kHzから100MHzの範囲のRF励起周波数を含むことを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記PECVD条件は、混合周波数モードにおける100kHzから100MHzの範囲のRF励起周波数を含むことを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記共堆積は、0.01と5W/cm2の間のRF電力密度を用いて行われることを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記共堆積は、0.00254〜0.0762m(0.1と3インチの間)に保持された電極間隔を用いて行われることを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記共堆積は、25℃と500℃の間に保持された基板温度を用いて行われることを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記共堆積は、1.33〜1999.84N/m2(0.01と15トルの間)に維持されたチャンバ圧力を用いて行われることを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記選択的シリコン除去は、25℃と500℃の間の温度で行われることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記選択的シリコン除去は、1.33〜93325.66N/m2(0.01と700トルの間)に維持されたチャンバ圧力で行われることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記共堆積反応剤混合物は、シランと亜酸化窒素とを、シランの流量対亜酸化窒素の流量が0.005と100の間である流量比で含み、任意的に、アルゴン、水素、ヘリウム、又はそれらのその組合せから成る群から選択された共堆積中のイオン衝撃を修正することができる気体を含むことを特徴とする請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記処理チャンバにおける前記選択的シリコン除去反応剤の濃度は、0.1%と100%の間であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記選択的シリコン除去段階のための前記反応剤の流れは、分子フッ素を0.1%と100%の間の濃度で含むことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記反応剤混合物における前記選択的シリコン除去反応剤の濃度は、0.1%と50%の間であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記反応剤混合物は、分子フッ素を1%と30%の間の濃度で含むことを特徴とする請求項4に記載の方法。
- 多孔質膜の空隙率プロフィールを変更するために前記共堆積サイクル及び選択的シリコン除去サイクルの1つ又はそれより多数に対して異なる処理条件が使用されることを特徴とする、多孔質膜を製造するための請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 孔隙サイズが0.3nmから50nmに及ぶ多孔質膜を製造するための請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 空隙率が0.5%から90%の多孔質膜を製造するための請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記処理の選択されたサイクル間隔で実行され、プラズマ、電子ビーム、イオンビーム、電磁放射線、化学薬品、又は熱露出を含む群から選択される少なくとも1つの追加処理段階を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 真空を中断することなく、同じ堆積チャンバにおいて、前記多孔質膜を堆積させる段階の前に前記基板上にライナ層を堆積させる段階を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 真空を中断することなく、同じ堆積チャンバにおいて、キャップ層を前記多孔質膜の上に堆積させる段階を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 真空を中断することなく、同じ堆積チャンバにおいて、低kエッチング停止層を前記多孔質膜の上に堆積させる段階を更に含むことを特徴とする請求項1、請求項3、又は請求項4に記載の方法。
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US7220685B2 (en) | 2007-05-22 |
CN101015046A (zh) | 2007-08-08 |
US7132374B2 (en) | 2006-11-07 |
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CN100483647C (zh) | 2009-04-29 |
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