JP5028804B2 - 機能デバイス - Google Patents
機能デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- JP5028804B2 JP5028804B2 JP2006011212A JP2006011212A JP5028804B2 JP 5028804 B2 JP5028804 B2 JP 5028804B2 JP 2006011212 A JP2006011212 A JP 2006011212A JP 2006011212 A JP2006011212 A JP 2006011212A JP 5028804 B2 JP5028804 B2 JP 5028804B2
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009518 sodium iodide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium polysulfide Chemical compound [Na+].S HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MXNUCYGENRZCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;ethene;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Na+].C=C.CC(=C)C([O-])=O MXNUCYGENRZCBO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008279 sol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005207 tetraalkylammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/28—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection
- H01L23/31—Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulating layers, coatings, e.g. for protection characterised by the arrangement or shape
- H01L23/3157—Partial encapsulation or coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2068—Panels or arrays of photoelectrochemical cells, e.g. photovoltaic modules based on photoelectrochemical cells
- H01G9/2077—Sealing arrangements, e.g. to prevent the leakage of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0203—Containers; Encapsulations, e.g. encapsulation of photodiodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/10—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/11—Device type
- H01L2924/12—Passive devices, e.g. 2 terminal devices
- H01L2924/1204—Optical Diode
- H01L2924/12044—OLED
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/341—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes
- H10K85/344—Transition metal complexes, e.g. Ru(II)polypyridine complexes comprising ruthenium
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
Description
スペーサー
封止構造に用いる絶縁性のスペーサー11の膜厚は任意であってよいが、例えば5μm〜200μmであることが好ましい。また、スペーサー11と封止材10との膜厚の比率は、1:(4.5〜0.0005)が好ましい。
スペーサー11と各基板2及び9との間を接合する封止材10の材質は、特に制限はないが、電解質溶液の透過性が低いものが好ましく、具体的には、アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイソブチレン樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、アイオノマー樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂及びガラスフリット等が特に好ましい。この封止材10の厚みは任意に設定できるが、電解質溶液の透過を抑えるためには、なるべく薄くすることが好ましく、具体的には0.1〜50μmであることが好ましい。
透明導電層3及び8は表面抵抗が低い程好ましく、具体的には、500Ω/cm2以下が好ましく、100Ω/cm2以下がさらに好ましい。この透明導電層3及び8を形成する材料としては、公知の物が使用可能であり、具体的には、インジウム−スズ複合酸化物(ITO)、フッ素ドープSnO2(FTO)、アンチモンドープSnO2(ATO)及びSnO2等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではなく、2種類以上を組み合わせて用いることができる。また、表面抵抗を低減して集電効率を向上させる目的で、導電性の高い金属やカーボンの配線を形成することも可能である。
透明の基板2及び9の材質は特に制限されず、透明であれば種々の基材を用いることができるが、湿式デバイス1の外部から浸入する水分やガスの遮断性、耐溶剤性及び耐候性に優れている物が好ましい。
半導体微粒子層4に用いる半導体微粒子の材質としては、例えば、シリコンに代表される単体の半導体の他に、化合物半導体またはペロブスカイト構造を有する化合物等を使用することができる。これらの半導体は、光励起下で伝導帯電子がキャリアーとなり、アノード電流を与えるn型の半導体であることが好ましい。具体的に例示すると、TiO2、ZnO、WO3、Nb2O5、TiSrO3及びSnO2であり、特に好ましくはアナターゼ型のTiO2である。
対極となる金属層7は、導電性物質であれば任意のものを用いることができるが、絶縁性の物質でも半導体電極4に面している側に導電層が設置されていれば、これも使用可能である。ただし、電気化学的に安定である材料を電極として用いることが好ましく、具体的には、白金、金、カーボン及び導電性ポリマー等を用いることが望ましい。
電解質層6に用いる電解質組成物には、例えば、I2と金属ヨウ化物または有機ヨウ化物との組み合わせ、Br2と金属臭化物または有機臭化物との組み合わせの他、フェロシアン酸塩/フェリシアン酸塩、フェロセン/フェリシニウムイオン等の金属錯体、ポリ硫化ナトリウム、アルキルチオール/アルキルジスルフィド等のイオウ化合物、ビオロゲン色素、ヒドロキノン/キノン等を用いることができる。
湿式デバイスの作製方法
TiO2ペーストには、Solaronix社製のTi−Nanoxide Tを用いた。透明導電性ガラス基板2には、FTO(フッ素ドープSnO2)を用い、ブレードコーティング法により、面積5mm×5mmでギャップ200μmを考慮してTiO2ペーストを塗布した後、500℃に30分間保持し、TiO2を導電性ガラス上に焼結した。得られたTiO2膜の膜厚は15μmであった。
本実施例は、絶縁性スペーサーとしてアルミナ製スペーサー11を用いること以外は、上述の実施例1と同様にして湿式デバイスを得た。
本実施例は、絶縁性スペーサーとして石英製スペーサー11を用い、ガラスフリットを封止材10として両面に塗布したこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様にして湿式デバイスを得た。
絶縁性のスペーサー11を用いずに、アイオノマー樹脂からなる厚さ50μmの封止材10のみで封止すること以外は、上述の実施例1と同様にして湿式デバイスを得た。
絶縁性のスペーサー11を用いずに、UV硬化性アクリル樹脂からなる封止材10のみで封止したこと以外は、上述の実施例1と同様にして湿式デバイスを得た。
6…電解質層、7…金属層、10…封止材、11…スペーサー、12…外周部
Claims (8)
- 複数の基体間に機能物質が充填され、前記複数の基体間に設けられた封止材によって前記機能物質が封入され、前記封止材の存在領域全体に亘って絶縁性のスペーサーが配置され、この絶縁性のスペーサーが前記複数の基体に対し前記封止材によって接合されており、
前記複数の基体間に、前記封止材と前記スペーサーと前記封止材とが積層された少な くとも3層の封止構造を有する、
機能デバイス。 - 前記機能物質が液状の組成物からなる、請求項1に記載の機能デバイス。
- 前記スペーサーが、前記組成物を形成する溶媒に対して不活性かつバリア性の高い物性を有する、請求項2に記載の機能デバイス。
- 前記スペーサーが、ガラス、石英、アルミナ、ジルコニア等の無機材料と、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリフェニレンサルファイド、ポリイミド等の有機材料との少なくとも一方からなる、請求項1に記載の機能デバイス。
- 前記封止材が、アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリイソブチレン樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、アイオノマー樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂及びガラスフリット等からなる群より選ばれた少なくとも1つの物質からなる、請求項1に記載の機能デバイス。
- 前記複数の基体の各端部にまで各電極が延設され、これらの電極端部の少なくとも一部が互いに重なり合っていて、前記スペーサー及び前記封止材からなる封止構造を挟着している、請求項1に記載の機能デバイス。
- 前記機能物質が液状の電解質組成物からなり、前記基体の外周部分が封止されている、請求項2に記載の機能デバイス。
- 色素増感型太陽電池である、請求項7に記載の機能デバイス。
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JP2004311385A (ja) | 2002-03-12 | 2004-11-04 | Hitachi Chem Co Ltd | 条部材、これを用いた封止材、シート状封止材、封止用基板、封止構成体、実装体及びこれらの製造方法 |
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KR100543218B1 (ko) * | 2003-10-31 | 2006-01-20 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 전기방사된 초극세 산화티타늄 섬유로 이루어진 반도체전극을 가지는 염료감응형 태양전지 및 그 제조방법 |
US20050183769A1 (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-08-25 | Hiroki Nakagawa | Method of producing substrate for dye-sensitized solar cell and dye-sensitized solar cell |
WO2005083730A1 (en) * | 2004-02-19 | 2005-09-09 | Konarka Technologies, Inc. | Photovoltaic cell with spacers |
US7615703B2 (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2009-11-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrolyte composition, dye-sensitized solar cell and production method thereof |
US7586664B2 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2009-09-08 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Transparent electrode for an electrochromic switchable cell |
-
2006
- 2006-01-19 JP JP2006011212A patent/JP5028804B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US20070284761A1 (en) | 2007-12-13 |
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