JP4679583B2 - ディーゼル微粒子フィルター上の微粒子をろ過するための白金族金属非含有触媒 - Google Patents
ディーゼル微粒子フィルター上の微粒子をろ過するための白金族金属非含有触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
- B01D46/04—Cleaning filters
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
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- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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- B01J37/0242—Coating followed by impregnation
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/0231—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using special exhaust apparatus upstream of the filter for producing nitrogen dioxide, e.g. for continuous filter regeneration systems [CRT]
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/2073—Manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
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- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20761—Copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
- B01J37/0205—Impregnation in several steps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
- F01N2370/02—Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in catalytic reactors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
- F01N2510/065—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction for reducing soot ignition temperature
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Description
有利には、第2成分がコバルトを含むとき、第1成分、第2成分及び第3成分のモル比は35〜70:5〜45:5〜35の範囲内でよく、第2成分がマンガンを含むとき、第1成分、第2成分及び第3成分のモル比は15〜60:30〜70:5〜35の範囲内でよい。
C+1/2O2=CO
C+NO2=CO+NO
C+2NO2=CO2+2NO
NO2(二酸化窒素)を用いた炭素の反応は、排気ガス中の酸素を用いた炭素の反応よりも早く、そして低い温度で起こり得る。従って、排気流中の高濃度のNO2はDPFから炭素を除去する効率及び速度を増加させ得る。
NO+1/2O2=NO2
排気ガス中の一酸化炭素を二酸化炭素に酸化することで、排気ガス中の一酸化炭素濃度を減少させ得る。排気ガスがDOCを通過した後、排気ガス中のCO濃度が下がることで、COの排出規制を達成するのに役立つ可能性がある。排気ガス中のNOをNO2に酸化することで、排気ガス中のNO2濃度を増加させ得る。排気ガスがDOCを通過した後、排気ガス中のNO2濃度が高まることで、DPFから炭素を除去する効率が向上し得る。
基材に約2 g/Lのすすが堆積するまで、ホンダのディーゼル発電機(モデルNo.EB12D)からの排気ガスをディーゼル微粒子フィルター基材に接触させた。
すす堆積DPF基材を、約10%の酸素、約8%の水、約150 ppmのNO及び約150 ppmのNO2を含むガス流に接触させた。基材の温度を200℃から650℃又は700℃に上昇させ、温度の関数として排気ガス中のCO2濃度をモニターした。
図2は、様々な量の本発明の実施形態に係る触媒を用いた基材の温度に対するCO2濃度についての一連の曲線を表す。全ての添加量は酸化物に基づいている。
図3は、硝酸アルミニウム及びアルミナコロイドから調製した酸化アルミニウムウォッシュコートのg/L単位での目的の添加量に対するm2/g単位でのBET表面積のグラフを表す。
図5は、すす堆積基材の温度に対する排気ガス中のCO2濃度についての一連の曲線を表す。曲線5Aは触媒を用いない基材であるブランクについての曲線である。曲線5Bは本発明の実施形態に係る触媒組成物を30 g/L添加した基材についての曲線である。曲線5Cは850℃で16時間、熱水老化させた後の本発明の実施形態に係る触媒組成物を30 g/L添加した基材についての曲線である。
図6は、すす堆積基材の温度に対するppm単位でのCO2濃度の一連のグラフを表す。曲線6A、6B及び6Cは曲線5A、5B及び5Cと同じであり、ブランク基材、新品触媒を用いた基材(新品CDPF)及び熱水老化CDPFについての曲線である。
以下の実施例は本発明の実施形態に係る触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルターについての標準的な製造である。実施例6において使用した基材は実施例1〜5に使用した基材よりも大きかったが、そのほかの点では、以下の製造は標準的な製造である。
Claims (15)
- 白金族金属を含まない触媒組成物を備えたディーゼル微粒子フィルターにおいて、
ディーゼルエンジン排気からの微粒子をろ過するための基材と、
焼成後に第1成分、第2成分及び第3成分が酸化物形態であり、
セリウムからなる第1成分、コバルト、銅、マンガン及びその混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの第2成分、及びストロンチウムを含む第3成分を含み、
a)第2成分がコバルトを含むとき、第1成分、第2成分及び第3成分のモル比が35〜70:5〜45:5〜35の範囲内であり、
b)第2成分がマンガンを含むとき、第1成分、第2成分及び第3成分のモル比が15〜60:30〜70:5〜35の範囲内であり、
c)第2成分がマンガン及び銅の組合せを含むとき、マンガンと銅のモル比は30〜95:70〜5である触媒組成物と、
基材上に酸化アルミニウムを含むウォッシュコートと、を含むものであり、
酸化アルミニウムはアルミナコロイドの形態で基材に塗布されたものであり、
酸化物に基づく触媒組成物の添加量は、30g/L〜60g/Lの範囲内である触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター。 - 基材が織物、金網、円板型ろ過器、セラミックハニカムモノリス、セラミック発泡体、金属発泡体及びウォールフロー型フィルターからなる群から選択される請求項1の触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター。
- 基材が金属、アルミナ、シリカアルミナ、コージライト、窒化ケイ素、炭化ケイ素、リン酸ナトリウムジルコニウム及びムライトからなる群から選択される物質から作られる請求項1の触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター。
- 第1成分、第2成分及び第3成分が最初に水溶性塩の形態である請求項1の触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター。
- 水溶性塩を水に溶解して水溶液を形成し、その水溶液を基材に含浸させた請求項4の触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター。
- 水溶液を基材に含浸させた後に基材を焼成し、それによって触媒組成物を形成する、請求項5の触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター。
- 触媒組成物がウォッシュコート上に担持されている請求項1記載の触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター。
- ウォッシュコートの添加量が5g/L〜100g/Lの範囲内である請求項1の触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター。
- ウォッシュコートが、シリカアルミナ、ゼオライト、シリカ、酸化セリウム、酸化ランタニド、酸化ジルコニウム及びその混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの酸化物をさらに含む、請求項1の触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター。
- ディーゼルエンジン由来の排気ガスからの微粒子を除去する方法であって:
排気ガスを触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルターに接触させ、それにより排気ガスからの微粒子を除去することを含み、
触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルターが基材及び白金族金属を含まない触媒組成物並びにウォッシュコートをさらに含み、
触媒組成物が、焼成後に第1成分、第2成分及び第3成分が酸化物形態であり、
セリウムからなる第1成分、コバルト、銅、マンガン及びその混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの第2成分、及びストロンチウムを含む第3成分を含み、
a)第2成分がコバルトを含むとき、第1成分、第2成分及び第3成分のモル比が35〜70:5〜45:5〜35の範囲内であり、
b)第2成分がマンガンを含むとき、第1成分、第2成分及び第3成分のモル比が15〜60:30〜70:5〜35の範囲内であり、
c)第2成分がマンガン及び銅の組合せを含むとき、マンガンと銅のモル比は30〜95:70〜5であり、
ウォッシュコートが、アルミナコロイドの形態で塗布された酸化アルミニウムを含み、
触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルター上への触媒組成物の添加量(酸化物基準)は、30〜60g/Lの範囲内である前記方法。 - ウォッシュコートが、シリカアルミナ、ゼオライト、シリカ、酸化セリウム、酸化ランタニド、酸化ジルコニウム及びその混合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの酸化物をさらに含む請求項10の方法。
- 触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルターを酸化性ガスに接触させることにより、触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルターからの一部の微粒子を除去することをさらに含む請求項10の方法。
- 酸化性ガスがO2、NO及びNO2からなる群から選択される請求項12の方法。
- 100℃〜800℃の温度で触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルターを酸化性ガスに接触させる請求項12の方法。
- 排気ガスを触媒含有ディーゼル微粒子フィルターに接触させる前に排気ガスをディーゼル酸化触媒に接触させる請求項10の方法。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US61931404P | 2004-10-14 | 2004-10-14 | |
| US61938204P | 2004-10-14 | 2004-10-14 | |
| US61939004P | 2004-10-14 | 2004-10-14 | |
| PCT/US2005/037196 WO2006044764A1 (en) | 2004-10-14 | 2005-10-14 | Platinum group metal-free catalysts for reducing the ignition temperature of particulates on a diesel particulate filter |
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| JP2008516756A JP2008516756A (ja) | 2008-05-22 |
| JP2008516756A5 JP2008516756A5 (ja) | 2010-07-01 |
| JP4679583B2 true JP4679583B2 (ja) | 2011-04-27 |
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| US (4) | US8318629B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1807173A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP4679583B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100946543B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN101056692B (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB0212321D0 (en) * | 2002-05-29 | 2002-07-10 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Catalyst composition |
| US7211232B1 (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2007-05-01 | Geo2 Technologies, Inc. | Refractory exhaust filtering method and apparatus |
| JP5119508B2 (ja) * | 2005-11-21 | 2013-01-16 | 国立大学法人 熊本大学 | Pm燃焼用酸化触媒、これを用いたディーゼル機関排ガスの浄化方法、フィルター及び浄化装置 |
| US7771669B2 (en) * | 2006-03-20 | 2010-08-10 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Soot oxidation catalyst and method of making |
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- 2005-10-14 JP JP2007536981A patent/JP4679583B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-10-14 CN CN2005800385817A patent/CN101056692B/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-10-14 EP EP05811914A patent/EP1807173A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-10-14 KR KR1020077008524A patent/KR100946543B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-10-14 CA CA002583778A patent/CA2583778A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-10-14 MX MX2007004564A patent/MX2007004564A/es unknown
- 2005-10-14 US US11/251,372 patent/US8318629B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2005-10-14 WO PCT/US2005/037196 patent/WO2006044764A1/en not_active Ceased
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- 2007-10-18 US US11/975,389 patent/US20080226524A1/en not_active Abandoned
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| US20100316545A1 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
| CN101056692A (zh) | 2007-10-17 |
| KR20070083680A (ko) | 2007-08-24 |
| US20080226524A1 (en) | 2008-09-18 |
| MX2007004564A (es) | 2007-08-17 |
| KR100946543B1 (ko) | 2010-03-11 |
| WO2006044764A1 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
| EP1807173A1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
| US20110176979A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
| CA2583778A1 (en) | 2006-04-27 |
| CN101056692B (zh) | 2010-08-25 |
| US20060120936A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
| US8318629B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
| JP2008516756A (ja) | 2008-05-22 |
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