JP4475578B2 - 薄膜トランジスタアレイ基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
薄膜トランジスタアレイ基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4475578B2 JP4475578B2 JP2004293977A JP2004293977A JP4475578B2 JP 4475578 B2 JP4475578 B2 JP 4475578B2 JP 2004293977 A JP2004293977 A JP 2004293977A JP 2004293977 A JP2004293977 A JP 2004293977A JP 4475578 B2 JP4475578 B2 JP 4475578B2
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 58
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 abstract 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 47
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000002858 crystal cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 acrylic organic compound Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc indium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O--].[Zn++].[In+3] YVTHLONGBIQYBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005019 vapor deposition process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1345—Conductors connecting electrodes to cell terminals
- G02F1/13458—Terminal pads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/68—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by only the electric current supplied, or only the electric potential applied, to an electrode which does not carry the current to be rectified, amplified or switched
- H01L29/76—Unipolar devices, e.g. field effect transistors
- H01L29/772—Field effect transistors
- H01L29/78—Field effect transistors with field effect produced by an insulated gate
- H01L29/786—Thin film transistors, i.e. transistors with a channel being at least partly a thin film
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/1368—Active matrix addressed cells in which the switching element is a three-electrode device
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
- H01L27/124—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or layout of the wiring layers specially adapted to the circuit arrangement, e.g. scanning lines in LCD pixel circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
- H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
- H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
- H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
- H01L27/1259—Multistep manufacturing methods
- H01L27/1288—Multistep manufacturing methods employing particular masking sequences or specially adapted masks, e.g. half-tone mask
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136231—Active matrix addressed cells for reducing the number of lithographic steps
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
- G02F2201/50—Protective arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S438/00—Semiconductor device manufacturing: process
- Y10S438/942—Masking
- Y10S438/948—Radiation resist
- Y10S438/951—Lift-off
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
Description
下部基板42の上にスパッタリング方法などの蒸着方法を通してゲート金属層に形成される。続いて、第1マスクを利用したフォトリソグラフィ工程とエッチング工程でゲート金属層がパターニングされることでゲートライン2、ゲート電極8、ゲートパッド下部電極28を含むゲートパターンなどが形成される。ゲート金属としては、クローム(Cr)、モリブデン(Mo)、アルミニウム系金属などが単一層または二重層の構造で利用される。
保護膜50の上にスパッタリングなどの蒸着方法に透明電極物質が全面蒸着される。続いて、第4マスクを利用したフォトリソグラフィ工程とエッチング工程を通して透明電極物質がパターニングされることで画素電極18、ゲートパッド上部電極32、データパッド上部電極40を含む透明電極パターンなどが形成される。画素電極18は、第1コンタクトホール16を通してドレーン電極12と電気的に接続されて、第2コンタクトホール24を通して全段ゲートライン2と重畳されるストレージ電極22と電気的に接続される。ゲートパッド上部電極32は、第3コンタクトホール30を通してゲートパッド下部電極28と電気的に接続される。データパッド上部電極40は、第4コンタクトホール38を通してデータパッド下部電極36と電気的に接続される。透明電極物質としては、インジウム−スズ−オキサイド(Indium Tin Oxide:ITO)か、スズ−オキサイド(Tin Oxide:TO)またはインジウム−ジンク−オキサイド(Indium Zinc Oxide:IZO)が利用される。
特に、本発明による薄膜トランジスタアレイ基板の製造方法は、保護膜の側面部が過エッチングされて、その過エッチングによって透明電極パターンが分離されるように形成されることで、ストリップ工程の際にストリップ液の浸透が容易になる。これに従って、リフトオフ方法によってフォトレジスタパターンのストリップ工程の際に、そのフォトレジスタパターンの上に蒸着された透明電極物質が容易にパターニングされる。
図4は本発明の実施の形態による薄膜トランジスタアレイ基板を示した平面図であり、図5は図4に示された薄膜トランジスタアレイ基板をII―II’線につれて切断して示した断面図である。
図6A及び図6Bは本発明による薄膜トランジスタアレイ基板の製造方法の中の第1マスク工程で下部基板88の上にゲートパターンなどを示した平面図及び断面図である。
具体的には、ゲートパターンなどが形成された下部基板88の上にPECVE、スパッタリングなどの蒸着方法を通してゲート絶縁層90a、非晶質シリコン層、n+非晶質シリコン層、そしてソース/ドレーン金属層が順次形成される。ゲート絶縁層90aとしては、酸化シリコン(SiOx)または窒化シリコン(SiNx)などの無機絶縁物質が利用される。ソース/ドレーン金属としては、モリブデン(Mo)、チタニウム、タンタリウム、モリブデン合金などが利用される。
Claims (3)
- 基板上にゲートパターンを形成する段階と、
前記基板上にゲート絶縁膜を形成する段階と、
前記基板上に半導体パターン及びソース/ドレインパターンを形成する段階と、
前記基板上に保護膜を形成する段階と、
前記保護膜上にフォトレジストパターンを利用して前記保護膜を過エッチングして前記フォトレジストパターンの線幅より幅が小さな保護膜パターンを形成する段階と、
前記基板上に透明電極を形成する段階と、
前記フォトレジストパターン及び前記フォトレジストパターン上に形成された透明電極をリフトオフ方法を利用したストリップ工程によって除去して透明電極パターンを形成する段階と、
を含み、
前記保護膜パターンを形成する段階は、前記フォトレジストパターンをマスクとして前記保護膜をSF6ガスが混合した混合ガスを利用してパターニングする段階と、前記ゲート絶縁膜をO2ガスとSF6ガスが混合した混合ガスを利用してパターニングする段階とを含む
ことを特徴とする薄膜トランジスタアレイ基板の製造方法。 - 前記保護膜パターンを形成する段階は、前記保護膜を300〜400mtorrの圧力条件においてエッチングして前記保護膜パターンを形成する段階を含む
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の薄膜トランジスタアレイ基板の製造方法。 - 前記O2ガスとSF6ガスが混合した混合ガスは、前記SF6とO2の割合が1:3である
ことを特徴とする請求項1記載の薄膜トランジスタアレイ基板の製造方法。
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KR10-2003-0070698A KR100500779B1 (ko) | 2003-10-10 | 2003-10-10 | 박막 트랜지스터 어레이 기판의 제조 방법 |
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JP2005123610A JP2005123610A (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
JP4475578B2 true JP4475578B2 (ja) | 2010-06-09 |
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US (1) | US7078279B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4475578B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100500779B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1326201C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102004048723B4 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2860918B1 (ja) |
GB (1) | GB2407704B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI249814B (ja) |
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KR100560400B1 (ko) * | 2003-11-04 | 2006-03-14 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 수평 전계 인가형 박막 트랜지스터 기판 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR101112538B1 (ko) | 2004-07-27 | 2012-03-13 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 박막 트랜지스터 표시판 및 그 제조 방법 |
KR101107246B1 (ko) * | 2004-12-24 | 2012-01-25 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | 박막 트랜지스터 기판 및 그 제조 방법 |
TWI287659B (en) | 2005-08-25 | 2007-10-01 | Chunghwa Picture Tubes Ltd | Multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal display panel, thin film transistor array, and methods of fabricating the same |
TWI339442B (en) | 2005-12-09 | 2011-03-21 | Samsung Mobile Display Co Ltd | Flat panel display and method of fabricating the same |
KR100818887B1 (ko) * | 2005-12-14 | 2008-04-02 | 엘지.필립스 엘시디 주식회사 | 액정 표시장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
CN100367488C (zh) * | 2006-02-13 | 2008-02-06 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | 薄膜晶体管阵列基板的制造方法 |
JPWO2007099690A1 (ja) * | 2006-02-28 | 2009-07-16 | パイオニア株式会社 | 有機トランジスタ及びその製造方法 |
KR101228475B1 (ko) * | 2006-06-05 | 2013-01-31 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 박막 트랜지스터 기판 및 그 제조 방법 |
US20080023703A1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-01-31 | Randy Hoffman | System and method for manufacturing a thin-film device |
KR101326134B1 (ko) * | 2007-02-07 | 2013-11-06 | 삼성디스플레이 주식회사 | 박막 트랜지스터 표시판 및 그 제조 방법 |
CN100446222C (zh) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-12-24 | 友达光电股份有限公司 | 薄膜晶体管基板的制造方法 |
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TW522570B (en) * | 2001-11-06 | 2003-03-01 | Hannstar Display Corp | Manufacturing method of thin film transistor array substrate and its structure |
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- 2004-10-01 TW TW093129890A patent/TWI249814B/zh active
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JP2005123610A (ja) | 2005-05-12 |
US20050079657A1 (en) | 2005-04-14 |
CN1606125A (zh) | 2005-04-13 |
FR2860918A1 (fr) | 2005-04-15 |
FR2860918B1 (fr) | 2007-02-23 |
TWI249814B (en) | 2006-02-21 |
DE102004048723B4 (de) | 2011-05-19 |
GB2407704B (en) | 2005-09-14 |
KR100500779B1 (ko) | 2005-07-12 |
US7078279B2 (en) | 2006-07-18 |
TW200514198A (en) | 2005-04-16 |
GB2407704A (en) | 2005-05-04 |
KR20050034924A (ko) | 2005-04-15 |
CN1326201C (zh) | 2007-07-11 |
DE102004048723A1 (de) | 2005-06-09 |
GB0421633D0 (en) | 2004-10-27 |
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