JP2017530125A - 連続流のカルボキシル化反応 - Google Patents
連続流のカルボキシル化反応 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017530125A JP2017530125A JP2017516101A JP2017516101A JP2017530125A JP 2017530125 A JP2017530125 A JP 2017530125A JP 2017516101 A JP2017516101 A JP 2017516101A JP 2017516101 A JP2017516101 A JP 2017516101A JP 2017530125 A JP2017530125 A JP 2017530125A
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- compound
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- continuous flow
- reaction
- carbon dioxide
- Prior art date
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- 238000006473 carboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Butyllithium Substances [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)C KWYHDKDOAIKMQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003880 polar aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical group C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005111 flow chemistry technique Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- -1 lithium anion Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- RBHJBMIOOPYDBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide;propan-2-one Chemical compound O=C=O.CC(C)=O RBHJBMIOOPYDBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000021523 carboxylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004795 grignard reagents Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010949 in-process test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010667 large scale reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D217/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems
- C07D217/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring; Alkylene-bis-isoquinolines
- C07D217/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring; Alkylene-bis-isoquinolines with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/242—Tubular reactors in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/243—Tubular reactors spirally, concentrically or zigzag wound
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
- B01J2219/00099—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor the reactor being immersed in the heat exchange medium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/02—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties
- B01J2219/025—Apparatus characterised by their chemically-resistant properties characterised by the construction materials of the reactor vessel proper
- B01J2219/0277—Metal based
- B01J2219/0286—Steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Other In-Based Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、連続流反応条件を使用した、アリール基の2ステップのカルボキシル化反応に関する。このプロセスは、高収率での有用な反応生成物の大規模合成を可能にする。
グリニャールまたはリチウムアニオンに二酸化炭素を付加することによる、アリール基へのカルボキシル酸の取込みは、化学および医薬工業で広く使用されている周知の変換である。グリニャール試薬またはその他の有機金属種の形成の大規模化に関していくつかの主要な安全性に関する懸念が報告されているが、バッチモードおよびその後に続く二酸化炭素によるクエンチで有機金属種を形成することは、依然として一般的な実施方法である。一般に、これらの反応のほとんどは低温で実施され、非効率な混合に起因する二酸化炭素クエンチ中の温度での押出しはしばしば数種の副生成物をもたらす。
(発明の要旨)
一部の実施形態では、本発明は、式I
式II
式IIIの化合物を、気体状二酸化炭素でクエンチして、式IV
式IVの化合物をHClで処理して、式Iの化合物を得るステップと
を含み、連続流反応条件を使用して行われる、方法に関する。
本発明は、連続流化学を使用して式Iの化合物を調製するための改善されたプロセスを提供する。出願人らは驚くべきことに、本発明のプロセスが:a)低温反応を行う容易さ、b)気−液相の高度な混合、およびc)流動条件下での優れた熱伝達容量、およびd)規模とは無関係の一貫した収率が促進されることを発見した。
バッチ反応
初期反応器設計
カルボキシル化反応の反応条件の最適化。
(実施例2)
反応器の設計の最適化
Q=UAΔTlm
ΔTlm−プロセス流体(tinおよびtout)と冷却剤(TinおよびTout)との間の対数温度差、°F
(実施例3)
最適化された反応器を使用した反応の規模拡大。生成反応器の設定
Claims (11)
- 式I
式II
式IIIの前記化合物を、気体状二酸化炭素でクエンチして、式IV
式IVの前記化合物をHClで処理して、式Iの化合物を得るステップと
を含み、連続流反応条件を使用して行われる、方法。 - 式IIの化合物とnBuLiおよびTMEDAとを−78℃で反応させる前記ステップが、極性非プロトン溶媒中で行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記極性非プロトン溶媒がTHFである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 反応温度が、気体状二酸化炭素でクエンチする前記ステップ中に−65℃未満で維持される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 式IVの化合物とHClとを反応させる前記ステップが、極性溶媒中で行われる、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記極性溶媒が1,4−ジオキサンである、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記HClが4N HClである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 式Iの前記化合物が、リフィテグラストの合成で使用される中間体である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 連続流バッチ反応器で実施される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記連続流バッチ反応器が、ステンレス鋼反応器管を含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法で使用される、連続流バッチ反応器。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201462055286P | 2014-09-25 | 2014-09-25 | |
US62/055,286 | 2014-09-25 | ||
PCT/US2015/052320 WO2016049509A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2015-09-25 | Continuous flow carboxylation reaction |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019189312A Division JP2020045341A (ja) | 2014-09-25 | 2019-10-16 | 連続流のカルボキシル化反応 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2017530125A true JP2017530125A (ja) | 2017-10-12 |
JP6754356B2 JP6754356B2 (ja) | 2020-09-09 |
JP2017530125A5 JP2017530125A5 (ja) | 2020-09-17 |
Family
ID=55582084
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2017516101A Active JP6754356B2 (ja) | 2014-09-25 | 2015-09-25 | 連続流のカルボキシル化反応 |
JP2019189312A Withdrawn JP2020045341A (ja) | 2014-09-25 | 2019-10-16 | 連続流のカルボキシル化反応 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019189312A Withdrawn JP2020045341A (ja) | 2014-09-25 | 2019-10-16 | 連続流のカルボキシル化反応 |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US9725413B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3197454B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP6754356B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN106714801B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2015320349B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112017005856A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2960392A1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2857730T3 (ja) |
HU (1) | HUE053118T2 (ja) |
IL (2) | IL250958B (ja) |
MX (1) | MX365010B (ja) |
PL (1) | PL3197454T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT3197454T (ja) |
SA (1) | SA517381158B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016049509A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2960392A1 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2016-03-31 | Sarcode Bioscience Inc. | Process to prepare 5,7-dichloro-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-6-carboxylic acid using a continuous flow carboxylation reaction |
KR102689383B1 (ko) | 2017-06-30 | 2024-07-26 | 시노팜 타이완 리미티드 | 리피테그라스트 및 이의 중간체를 제조하는 방법 |
WO2019026425A1 (ja) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-02-07 | 株式会社カネカ | フロー式リアクター |
PL3710417T3 (pl) | 2017-11-14 | 2022-08-01 | Albemarle Germany Gmbh | Proces litoorganiczny w warunkach ciągłego przepływu |
CN109384717A (zh) * | 2018-10-29 | 2019-02-26 | 广安凯特制药有限公司 | 5,7-二氯-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-6-甲酸盐酸盐水合物及其制备方法和用途 |
CN110724098A (zh) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-01-24 | 成都福柯斯医药技术有限公司 | 一种5,7-二氯-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉-6-羧酸盐酸盐的合成方法 |
CN113845478B (zh) * | 2020-12-18 | 2023-11-21 | 四川大学 | 一种中间体及其制备方法和应用 |
CN113277942B (zh) * | 2021-05-25 | 2024-05-03 | 都创(上海)医药开发有限公司 | 一种基于微通道反应技术快速制备5-氯-2-氟-4-(三氟甲基)苯甲酸的方法 |
CN116239532B (zh) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-11-07 | 浙江博崤生物制药有限公司 | 一种二氯四氢异喹啉羧酸的中间体及其制备方法和应用 |
CN115872929A (zh) * | 2022-12-27 | 2023-03-31 | 山东金城柯瑞化学有限公司 | 芳基类化合物连续羧基化反应制备立他司特中间体的方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7767856B2 (en) * | 2007-01-25 | 2010-08-03 | Xerox Corporation | System and method for producing arylamine compounds |
CN101450300A (zh) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | 海南大学 | 连续流微反应器及其制备和应用 |
WO2011050175A1 (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-04-28 | Sarcode Corporation | Crystalline pharmaceutical and methods of preparation and use thereof |
CN104105718B (zh) * | 2011-12-14 | 2017-05-10 | 联邦科学和工业研究组织 | Raft聚合物 |
US9085553B2 (en) | 2012-07-25 | 2015-07-21 | SARcode Bioscience, Inc. | LFA-1 inhibitor and methods of preparation and polymorph thereof |
CA2960392A1 (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-03-31 | Sarcode Bioscience Inc. | Process to prepare 5,7-dichloro-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-6-carboxylic acid using a continuous flow carboxylation reaction |
-
2015
- 2015-09-25 CA CA2960392A patent/CA2960392A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-09-25 ES ES15844846T patent/ES2857730T3/es active Active
- 2015-09-25 PT PT158448464T patent/PT3197454T/pt unknown
- 2015-09-25 AU AU2015320349A patent/AU2015320349B2/en active Active
- 2015-09-25 EP EP15844846.4A patent/EP3197454B1/en active Active
- 2015-09-25 US US14/866,085 patent/US9725413B2/en active Active
- 2015-09-25 MX MX2017003505A patent/MX365010B/es active IP Right Grant
- 2015-09-25 WO PCT/US2015/052320 patent/WO2016049509A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-09-25 HU HUE15844846A patent/HUE053118T2/hu unknown
- 2015-09-25 BR BR112017005856A patent/BR112017005856A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-09-25 PL PL15844846T patent/PL3197454T3/pl unknown
- 2015-09-25 JP JP2017516101A patent/JP6754356B2/ja active Active
- 2015-09-25 CN CN201580050837.XA patent/CN106714801B/zh active Active
-
2017
- 2017-03-06 IL IL250958A patent/IL250958B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2017-03-22 SA SA517381158A patent/SA517381158B1/ar unknown
- 2017-06-28 US US15/635,632 patent/US10273212B2/en active Active
-
2019
- 2019-04-09 US US16/378,868 patent/US10899715B2/en active Active
- 2019-08-01 IL IL268432A patent/IL268432B/en active IP Right Grant
- 2019-10-16 JP JP2019189312A patent/JP2020045341A/ja not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL268432A (en) | 2019-09-26 |
US10899715B2 (en) | 2021-01-26 |
MX365010B (es) | 2019-05-20 |
EP3197454B1 (en) | 2021-01-06 |
IL250958B (en) | 2019-08-29 |
JP6754356B2 (ja) | 2020-09-09 |
PL3197454T3 (pl) | 2021-06-14 |
CN106714801B (zh) | 2021-04-06 |
US10273212B2 (en) | 2019-04-30 |
AU2015320349B2 (en) | 2020-03-12 |
IL268432B (en) | 2020-08-31 |
CN106714801A (zh) | 2017-05-24 |
BR112017005856A2 (pt) | 2017-12-19 |
US20180118689A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
US20190300485A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
CA2960392A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
EP3197454A4 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
IL250958A0 (en) | 2017-04-30 |
US9725413B2 (en) | 2017-08-08 |
JP2020045341A (ja) | 2020-03-26 |
WO2016049509A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
PT3197454T (pt) | 2021-03-04 |
MX2017003505A (es) | 2017-07-28 |
SA517381158B1 (ar) | 2021-05-23 |
ES2857730T3 (es) | 2021-09-29 |
AU2015320349A1 (en) | 2017-03-23 |
US20160090361A1 (en) | 2016-03-31 |
HUE053118T2 (hu) | 2021-06-28 |
EP3197454A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 |
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