JP2017165773A - カテニンシグナル伝達経路活性化剤としてのジケトンおよびヒドロキシケトン - Google Patents
カテニンシグナル伝達経路活性化剤としてのジケトンおよびヒドロキシケトン Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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Abstract
【解決手段】式Iの構造を有する化合物又は薬学的に許容されるその塩若しくはプロドラッグである、β-ジケトン、γ-ジケン若しくはγ-ヒドロキシケトン、又はそれらの類似体。
【選択図】なし
Description
本出願は2010年8月18日出願の米国仮出願第61/374,687号および2010年12月29日出願の米国仮出願第61/427,974号の恩典を主張し、これらはその全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる。
発明の分野
本発明は、1つまたは複数のWntタンパク質の活性化剤を含むWnt経路中の1つまたは複数のタンパク質の活性化剤、およびそれを含む組成物に関する。より具体的には、骨粗鬆症および骨関節症、骨形成不全症、骨欠損、骨折、歯周病、耳硬化症、創傷治癒、頭蓋顔面欠損、腫瘍崩壊性骨疾患; パーキンソン病、脳卒中、虚血性脳疾患、てんかん、アルツハイマー病、うつ病、双極性障害、統合失調症を含む、中枢神経系の分化および発生に関連する外傷性脳損傷; 加齢黄斑変性、糖尿病黄斑浮腫または網膜色素変性症などの眼疾患; ならびに脱毛、造血関連疾患および組織再生関連疾患を含む、幹細胞の分化および増殖に関連する疾患の処置における、β-ジケトン、γ-ジケトンもしくはγ-ヒドロキシケトン、またはその塩もしくは類似体の使用に関する。
Wnt/β-カテニンシグナル伝達経路は、多くの生物学的過程において必須である。それは胚形態の未成熟の細胞の運命を制御する。Wnt/β-カテニンシグナル伝達経路は、幹細胞の自己再生および増殖、ならびに成体における肝細胞(例えば皮膚細胞、骨細胞、肝細胞など)の発生に必須である[Science (2002), 296(5573), 1644-1646(特許文献1)]。Wnt/β-カテニンシグナル伝達経路は発生、形態、増殖、運動性および細胞運命を制御する[Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology (2004), 20, 781-810(特許文献2)]。Wnt/β-カテニンシグナル伝達経路は腫瘍形成において中心的な役割を有し、この系の不適切な活性化がいくつかのヒトがんにおいて観察される["Wnt Signaling in Human Cancer", in Signal Transduction in Cancer (pp. 169-187). (2006) Springer(特許文献3)]。Wnt/β-カテニンは、E-カドヘリンの細胞質ドメインと相互作用し、かつ該カドヘリン複合体をアクチン細胞骨格に繋留させるWnt/β-カテニンと相互作用するタンパク質として、ヒトにおいて最初に記述された[Science (1991), 254(5036), 1359-1361(特許文献4)]。その後、哺乳動物のWnt/β-カテニンのさらなる役割、すなわちWnt/β-カテニンメッセージングの主要なメディエーターとしての役割が発見された。
毛髪は、毛包と呼ばれる皮膚よりも下の嚢様構造中に形成される。例えばヒト頭皮上に見られる可視的な毛髪は、実際には毛幹であり、これは毛包から成長する角質化して硬化した組織である。特に、毛幹は、ケラチノサイトによって生成されるケラチンで大部分が構成される。
神経変性疾患は、神経細胞またはそれらの髄鞘の劣化により生じ、この劣化は、機能障害およびこれにより生じる能力障害を経時的に導く。成体哺乳動物の脳は再生能力が限定されている。このため任意の傷害の修復は危険を伴い、したがってCNS外傷は壊滅的である。
加齢黄斑変性(AMD)は、通常は比較的高年齢の成人が罹患する、網膜の損傷によって視野の中心(網膜黄斑)における視力喪失を導く医学的症状である。それは「乾燥型」および「湿潤型」で起こる。それは比較的高年齢の成人(50歳超)における視力障害の主因である。眼の内層は、視覚を伝達する神経を含む網膜であり、網膜の背後にあるのは、網膜黄斑(網膜の中心部分)への血液供給を含む脈絡膜である。乾燥型(非滲出型)では、ドルーゼンと呼ばれる細胞片が網膜と脈絡膜との間に蓄積し、網膜は剥離することがある。より重症である湿潤型(滲出型)では、血管が網膜の背後の脈絡膜から上方に成長し、網膜はやはり剥離することがある。それはレーザー凝固、および血管の成長を停止させて時に逆行させる投薬で処置することができる。
標準Wnt/β-カテニンシグナル伝達は骨形成を増強することが示されており、Wnt経路成分は骨粗鬆症および他の代謝性骨疾患の潜在的薬物標的として探究中である[Bone (2009), 44(6), 1063-1068(特許文献32)]。現代では、社会環境的および遺伝的要因が理由で、特に高齢者人口の増大が理由で、骨疾患が増大している。一般に、骨疾患は特別な症状なしに起こりかつ発症し、加齢に従って急速に悪化する。これまで多くの薬物が骨疾患の処置用に開発されたが、それらの大部分は疼痛を軽減するか骨密度の減少を遅くすることを主に目的としている。それらは、骨粗鬆症に罹患する患者の骨密度を増大させることを目的とする治療薬としては有効ではない。いくつかの他の薬物は、通常は注射液の形態であり、その長期投与時に副作用を生じさせると報告されている。
成人の腸上皮は、5〜7日の陰窩/絨毛通過時間に起こる細胞分裂、分化、移動および剥脱の類型的なサイクルを通じた上皮細胞の連続的補充を特徴とする。成人の腸幹細胞のニッチ内の増殖を制御する推定上の成長因子はまだ同定されていないが、研究は、増殖性陰窩区画内でのβ-カテニン/Lef/Tcfシグナル伝達の細胞固有の作用を暗示した。
医学分野で近年なされた著しい進歩が理由で、組織および器官の生体ドナー移植技術の領域において生命を救う機会は増大を続けている。しかし、移植ドナーの不足および拒絶反応の発生などの要因が理由で、生体ドナー移植に依存する処置には限界がある。外科的処置または予見できない事故が理由で失われた組織または器官を再生することが可能であれば、患者の生活の質を著しく改善することが可能であろう。さらに、再生医療は、生体ドナー移植が直面する問題を解決することも可能にする。この観点から、再生医療に対する期待の程度は大きい。
R1は、置換または非置換ヘテロアリールおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R2は、置換または非置換アリール、置換または非置換ヘテロアリール、置換または非置換カルボシクリルおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R3、R4、R5およびR6はH、-C1〜9アルキル、-C1〜9アルキルアリールおよび-C1〜9アルキルヘテロアリールからなる群より独立して選択される。
R1は、置換または非置換ヘテロアリールおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R2は、置換または非置換アリール、置換または非置換ヘテロアリール、置換または非置換カルボシクリルおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R3およびR4は、H、-C1〜9アルキル、-C1〜9アルキルアリールおよび-C1〜9アルキルヘテロアリールからなる群より独立して選択される。
R1は、置換または非置換アリール、置換または非置換ヘテロアリール、置換または非置換カルボシクリルおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R2は、置換または非置換アリール、置換または非置換ヘテロアリール、置換または非置換カルボシクリルおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R3およびR4は、H、-C1〜9アルキル、-C1〜9アルキルアリールおよび-C1〜9アルキルヘテロアリールからなる群より独立して選択される。
式Iの構造を有する化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩もしくはプロドラッグ:
式中、R1は、置換または非置換ヘテロアリールおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R2は、置換または非置換アリール、置換または非置換ヘテロアリール、置換または非置換カルボシクリルおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R3、R4、R5およびR6は、H、-C1〜9アルキル、-C1〜9アルキルアリールおよび-C1〜9アルキルヘテロアリールからなる群より独立して選択される。
[本発明1002]
R1が、
からなる群より選択される、本発明1001の化合物。
[本発明1003]
R2が、置換または非置換アリール、
からなる群より選択される、本発明1001の化合物。
[本発明1004]
R3、R4、R5およびR6がHである、本発明1001の化合物。
[本発明1005]
からなる群より選択される構造を有する、本発明1001の化合物。
[本発明1006]
式IIの構造を有する化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩もしくはプロドラッグ:
式中、R1は、置換または非置換ヘテロアリールおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R2は、置換または非置換アリール、置換または非置換ヘテロアリール、置換または非置換カルボシクリルおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R3およびR4は、H、-C1〜9アルキル、-C1〜9アルキルアリールおよび-C1〜9アルキルヘテロアリールからなる群より独立して選択される。
[本発明1007]
R1が、
からなる群より選択される、本発明1006の化合物。
[本発明1008]
R2が、置換または非置換アリール、
からなる群より選択される、本発明1006の化合物。
[本発明1009]
R3およびR4がHである、本発明1006の化合物。
[本発明1010]
からなる群より選択される構造を有する、本発明1006の化合物。
[本発明1011]
式IIIの構造を有する化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩もしくはプロドラッグ:
式中、R1は、置換または非置換アリール、置換または非置換ヘテロアリール、置換または非置換カルボシクリルおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R2は、置換または非置換アリール、置換または非置換ヘテロアリール、置換または非置換カルボシクリルおよび置換または非置換ヘテロシクリルからなる群より選択され、但しカルボニルには炭素原子が結合し;
R3およびR4は、H、-C1〜9アルキル、-C1〜9アルキルアリールおよび-C1〜9アルキルヘテロアリールからなる群より独立して選択される。
[本発明1012]
からなる群より選択される構造を有する、本発明1011の化合物。
[本発明1013]
治療有効量の本発明1001、1006または1011のいずれかの化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩と薬学的に許容される賦形剤とを含む、薬学的組成物。
[本発明1014]
医療器具用の薬物溶出コーティングとして使用するかまたは該コーティング中に包含させるのに好適である、本発明1013の薬学的組成物。
[本発明1015]
治療有効量の本発明1001、1006または1011のいずれかの化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩を患者に投与する段階を含む、患者における障害または疾患を処置するためにWntシグナル伝達を活性化する方法。
[本発明1016]
前記障害または疾患が神経変性疾患である、本発明1015の方法。
[本発明1017]
前記神経変性疾患が、パーキンソン病、脳卒中、虚血性脳疾患、てんかん、アルツハイマー病、うつ病、双極性障害または統合失調症である、本発明1016の方法。
[本発明1018]
前記障害または疾患が眼疾患である、本発明1015の方法。
[本発明1019]
前記眼疾患が、加齢黄斑変性、糖尿病黄斑浮腫、家族性滲出性硝子体網膜症または網膜色素変性症である、本発明1018の方法。
[本発明1020]
前記障害または疾患が、脱毛、造血関連疾患、組織再生関連疾患、ならびに発生、幹細胞分化および細胞増殖の異常に関連する他の疾患などの、幹細胞の分化および増殖に関連するものである、本発明1015の方法。
[本発明1021]
前記障害または疾患が、骨粗鬆症、骨関節症、骨形成不全症、骨欠損、骨折、歯周病、耳硬化症、創傷治癒、頭蓋顔面欠損および腫瘍崩壊性骨疾患である、本発明1015の方法。
[本発明1022]
前記患者がヒトである、本発明1015の方法。
[本発明1023]
前記化合物がWnt経路中の1つまたは複数のタンパク質を活性化する、本発明1015の方法。
[本発明1024]
前記化合物が、1つまたは複数のWntタンパク質によって誘導されるシグナル伝達を活性化する、本発明1023の方法。
[本発明1025]
Wntタンパク質が、WNT1、WNT2、WNT2B、WNT3、WNT3A、WNT4、WNT5A、WNT5B、WNT6、WNT7A、WNT7B、WNT8A、WNT8B、WNT9A、WNT9B、WNT10A、WNT10B、WNT11およびWNT16より選択される、本発明1024の方法。
[本発明1026]
本発明1001、1006または1011の化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩を含む、薬物溶出コーティング。
[本発明1027]
本発明1001、1006または1011の化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩を含む、医療器具。
[本発明1028]
本発明1001、1006または1011の化合物または薬学的に許容されるその塩を含む、インビボでの使用に好適な移植片、スポンジ、ポリマーまたはゲル組成物。
前述の一般的説明および以下の詳細な説明がいずれも例示的および説明的でしかなく、特許請求される本発明を制限するものではないということを理解すべきである。
β-ジケトン、γ-ジケトンおよびγ-ヒドロキシケトンがWnt/β-カテニンシグナル伝達経路を活性化可能であることが発見された。Wnt/β-カテニンシグナル伝達経路は、中枢神経系の神経細胞の分化および発生、骨形成、毛包の発生および再生、ならびに幹細胞の増殖、維持および分化の刺激において決定的役割を果たすことがわかった。
式I、IIまたはIIIの化合物を含む組成物を使用することで発毛を促進することができる。
本発明の化合物は、神経幹細胞の細胞運命を調節し、これらの神経前駆細胞の機能的神経細胞およびグリア細胞への分化を促進することができる。
式I、IIまたはIIIの化合物を含む組成物を使用することで骨症状を処置、予防または軽減することができる。本発明は、治療有効量の式I、IIまたはIIIの化合物を対象に投与する段階を含む、(i)骨量の損失を減少させ、(ii)骨量を増大させ、(iii)骨量を維持し、かつ/または(iv)骨からのカルシウムの損失を減少させる方法を提供する。本方法は、骨症状を処置し、予防しまたは遅延させるために使用されうる。本発明はさらに、治療有効量の式I、IIまたはIIIの化合物を対象に投与する段階を含む、骨折または骨欠損の治癒を促進する方法を提供する。上記方法のいずれかは、骨量を増大させるかまたは骨量の損失を予防する薬剤の同時投与を包含しうる。
式I、IIまたはIIIの化合物は、胃腸炎の処置のためにも投与される。本明細書において使用される「胃腸炎」は、胃腸管の粘膜層の炎症を意味し、急性および慢性の炎症状態を包含する。急性炎症は一般に、短時間での発症および好中球の浸潤または流入を特徴とする。
本発明によれば、複数種類の体細胞で構成される原始的器官様構造として役立つことが可能な体細胞を提供することができる。
別途定義しない限り、本明細書において使用されるすべての技術用語および科学用語は、本開示が属する技術分野の当業者が通常理解するものと同一の意味を有する。すべての特許、出願、出願公開および他の刊行物は、その全体が参照により組み入れられる。本明細書における用語について複数の定義が存在する場合には、別途記載のない限りこの節のそれが優先する。
Aβ = アミロイドベータ
ACE = アンジオテンシンI変換酵素
AD = アルツハイマー病
ALS = 筋萎縮性側索硬化症
AMD = 加齢黄斑変性
APC = 大腸腺腫症
β-TrCP = β-トランスデューシンリピート含有タンパク質
CD44 = 細胞表面糖タンパク質
CK1,2 = カゼインキナーゼ1および2
DHT = ジヒドロテストステロン
Dkk = Dickkopf
DME = 糖尿病黄斑浮腫
Dsh/Dvl = Dishevelled
EphB2 = エフリンB型受容体2
ES細胞 = 胚性幹細胞
FTD = 前頭側頭型認知症
Fzd = Frizzled
GBP = GSK-3結合タンパク質
GI = 胃腸
GPCR = Gタンパク質共役受容体
GSK-3 = グリコーゲン合成酵素キナーゼ3
HCC = 肝細胞がん
IBD = 炎症性腸疾患
Kr2 = クリングルドメイン2
L-DOPA = L-3,4-ジヒドロキシフェニルアラニン
Lef = リンパ系増強因子
LRP = 低密度リポタンパク質受容体関連タンパク質
MMTV = マウス乳房腫瘍ウイルス
PD = パーキンソン病
PKC = タンパク質キナーゼC
PI-3 = ホスファチジルイノシトール-3キナーゼ
PPAR = ペルオキシソーム増殖因子活性化受容体
PTEN = ホスファターゼ・テンシン・ホモログ
RP = 網膜色素変性症
SCID = 重症複合免疫不全症
SOD1 = スーパーオキシドジスムターゼタンパク質
SOST = スクレロスチン
sFRP = 分泌Frizzled関連タンパク質
TCF = T細胞因子
TGF = 形質転換成長因子
UC = 潰瘍性大腸炎
Wg = Wingless
Wnt = Wingless型MMTV組み込み部位ファミリーメンバー
本明細書に記載の化合物および組成物はWnt/β-カテニンシグナル伝達経路を活性化可能である。Wnt/β-カテニンシグナル伝達経路は、中枢神経系の神経細胞の分化および発生、骨形成、毛包の発生および再生、ならびに幹細胞の増殖、維持および分化の刺激において決定的役割を果たすことがわかった。したがって、そのような化合物および組成物は細胞増殖障害、骨障害、アルツハイマー病、さらには組織発生に対して有用であることが期待される。
本発明の化合物を調製する上で使用される化合物は公知であるか、公知の方法で作製されるかまたは市販されている。当業者には、本明細書において特許請求される化合物に関連する前駆体および官能基を調製する方法が一般に文献に記載されていることが明らかであろう。文献および本開示を前提とすれば、当業者はいずれかの化合物を調製する用意が十分にある。
Bi(OTf)3 = ビスマス(III)トリフレート
ブライン = 飽和塩化ナトリウム水溶液
CDCl3 = 重水素化クロロホルム
DMSO-d6 = 重水素化ジメチルスルホキシド
ESIMS = 電子スプレー質量分析
EtOAc = 酢酸エチル
HCl = 塩酸
MgSO4 = 硫酸マグネシウム
NaH = 水素化ナトリウム
NMR = 核磁気共鳴
Ph = フェニル
K2CO3 = 炭酸カリウム
rt = 室温
TFA = トリフルオロ酢酸
THF = テトラヒドロフラン
TLC = 薄層クロマトグラフィー
実施例1
化合物(1)の調製を以下のスキーム5に示す。
試薬および条件: a)エタノール、HCHO、HCl、還流、終夜; b)ジオキサン、PhCHO、3-エチル-5-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-4-メチルチアゾリウムブロミド、95℃、終夜。
1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)エタノン(XV)(11mmol)、ジメチルアミン塩酸塩(14mmol)、パラホルムアルデヒド(16mmol)および12N HCl(2滴)のエタノール(5mL)溶液を終夜還流させた。溶液を室温に冷却し、エタノールを減圧蒸発させた。残渣を酢酸エチルで処理し、わずかに加熱し、超音波処理することで微粒子に分散させた。固体を濾過し、室温で乾燥させて1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)-3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロパン-1-オン(XVI)を白色固体(収率82%)として生成した。
窒素下95℃で加熱した1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)-3-(ジメチルアミノ)プロパン-1-オン(XVI)(5.4mmol)および3-エチル-5-(2-ヒドロキシエチル)-4-メチルチアゾリウムブロミド(0.43mmol)のジオキサン溶液に乾燥ジオキサン(10mL)中トリエチルアミン(3.61mmol)およびベンズアルデヒド(4.3mmol)を加えた。溶液をさらに95℃で終夜加熱した。溶液を冷却し、過剰の溶媒を減圧蒸発させた。残渣をCH2Cl2と水との間で分配した。有機相をMgSO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮した。ヘキサン中酢酸エチル勾配で溶離するフラッシュクロマトグラフィーで残渣を精製して、1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)-4-フェニルブタン-1,4-ジオン 1を白色固体(収率12%)として得た。
室温で攪拌した1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)-4-(4-((2-メトキシエトキシ)メトキシ)フェニル)ブタン-1,4-ジオン 11(0.35mmol)のCH2Cl2(5mL)溶液に未希釈のTFA(0.5mL)を加えた。溶液をさらに室温で終夜攪拌した。揮発物を減圧蒸発させた。CH2Cl2中1%メタノールで溶離するシリカゲル上でのフラッシュクロマトグラフィーで残渣を精製して、1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)-4-(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)ブタン-1,4-ジオン 4をオフホワイトの固体(収率21%)として得た。
マグネチックスターラおよび冷却器を取り付けた乾燥三つ口フラスコに金属マグネシウム(12mmol)およびエーテル(1.8mL)を入れた。未希釈のブロモエタン(2.5mmol)をシリンジ経由で加え、反応を直ちに開始させた。溶液にブロモエタン(10.5mmol)のトルエン(30mL)溶液をゆっくりと加えた。添加の完了後、溶液を窒素下室温で30分間攪拌した後、未希釈のジエチルアミン(24mmol)を加えた。溶液をさらに室温で15分間攪拌した。溶液を0℃に冷却し、溶液に1-(ピリジン-2-イル)エタノン(XVIII)(12mmol)と2-ブロモイソブチロフェノン(XVII)(13mmol)との混合物を加えた。溶液をさらに窒素下0℃で3時間攪拌した。溶液に5% H2SO4水溶液(20mL)を加え、溶液を室温に昇温させた。有機層を分離し、MgSO4で乾燥させ、濾過した。次に有機層をEt3N(10mmol)で処理し、室温で終夜攪拌した。次に溶液を水で洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮した。ヘキサン中1〜5% EtOAc勾配で溶離するフラッシュクロマトグラフィーで残渣を精製して、2,2-ジメチル-1-フェニル-4-(ピリジン-2-イル)ブタン-1,4-ジオン 9を無色粘稠油状物(収率11%)として得た。
窒素下室温で攪拌したNaH(1.5当量)のTHF懸濁液に1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)エタノン(XV)(1当量)のTHF溶液をゆっくりと加えた。ガスの放出が停止するまで溶液をさらに室温で攪拌した。溶液にピコリン酸エチル(XIX)(1.1当量)を加え、窒素下で終夜還流させた。溶液を冷却し、氷水に注ぎ、酢酸エチルで抽出した。有機層をMgSO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、減圧濃縮した。粗生成物をシリカゲル上でのカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製して、1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)-3-(ピリジン-2-イル)プロパン-1,3-ジオン 15を黄色固体(収率71%)として生成した。
窒素下室温で攪拌した1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)-3-フェニルプロパン-1,3-ジオン(XX)(0.39mmol)およびK2CO3(1.58mmol)のDMSO(4mL)溶液にブロモエタン(0.87mmol)をゆっくりと加えた。溶液をさらに窒素下室温で終夜攪拌した。溶液を水とエーテルとの混合物に注いだ。エーテル層を分離し、ブラインで洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥させ、濾過し、濃縮した。残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製して、無色粘稠油状物としての1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)-2-エチル-3-フェニルプロパン-1,3-ジオン17(収率35%)
および1-(2,3-ジヒドロベンゾ[b][1,4]ジオキシン-6-イル)-2,2-ジエチル-3-フェニルプロパン-1,3-ジオン18を白色固体として得た。ESIMS実測値C21H22O4 m/z 339 (M+H)。
100℃で加熱したジベンゾイルメタン(XXI)(2.27mmol)およびBi(OTf)2(0.008mmol)のCH3NO2溶液にナフタレン-1-イルメタノール(XXII)(0.75mmol)のCH3NO2(1mL)溶液を45分かけてゆっくりと加えた。溶液をさらに100℃で2時間攪拌した。溶液を冷却し、溶媒を減圧除去した。残渣をカラムクロマトグラフィーで精製して2-(ナフタレン-1-イルメチル)-1,3-ジフェニルプロパン-1,3-ジオン19を黄色固体(収率75%)として生成した。
いくつかの態様は、(a)安全かつ治療上有効な量の式I、IIもしくはIIIの化合物、あるいはその対応する鏡像異性体、ジアステレオ異性体もしくは互変異性体、または薬学的に許容される塩と; (b)薬学的に許容される担体とを含む、薬学的組成物を含む。
本明細書に示す化合物および組成物は、1つまたは複数のWntタンパク質を含むWnt経路の1つまたは複数のメンバーの活性化剤として使用することができ、したがって、異常Wntシグナル伝達が関与する種々の障害および疾患、例えば骨粗鬆症および骨関節症、骨形成不全症、骨欠損、骨折、歯周病、耳硬化症、創傷治癒、頭蓋顔面欠損、腫瘍崩壊性骨疾患; パーキンソン病、脳卒中、虚血性脳疾患、てんかん、アルツハイマー病、うつ病、双極性障害、統合失調症を含む、中枢神経系の分化および発生に関連する外傷性脳損傷; 加齢黄斑変性、糖尿病黄斑浮腫、家族性滲出性硝子体網膜症または網膜色素変性症などの眼疾患; ならびに脱毛、造血関連疾患、組織再生関連疾患、ならびに発生、幹細胞分化および細胞増殖の異常に関連する他の疾患を含む、幹細胞の分化および増殖に関連する疾患を処置するために使用することができる。
パーキンソン病、統合失調症、ハンチントン病、筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ルー・ゲーリック病)、原発性側索硬化症(PLS)、進行性筋萎縮症(PMA)、双極性障害、うつ病、脳卒中、虚血性脳疾患、てんかん、脳損傷および脊髄小脳失調症1型(SCA1)。
加齢黄斑変性、糖尿病黄斑浮腫、家族性滲出性硝子体網膜症および網膜色素変性症。
例えば国際公開公報第2001/053268号または国際公開公報第2005/009997号における当業者に公知の任意の好適なアッセイを使用して、本明細書に記載の化合物の生物活性を試験することができる。例えば、以下に概説する1つまたは複数の試験方法を使用して化合物の活性を試験することができる。
Wnt活性を強化する化合物、または活性化剤を以下のようにアッセイした。ホタルルシフェラーゼ遺伝子の発現を推進するwnt応答性プロモーターを含むレンチウイルス構築物をがん細胞系(例えば結腸がん)の細胞に安定的に形質導入することで、レポーター細胞系を発生させた。
Claims (1)
- この出願の明細書に記載された発明。
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