JP2014060705A - 撮像装置およびその駆動方法 - Google Patents
撮像装置およびその駆動方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 47
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 9
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 229910020994 Sn-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910009069 Sn—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910018120 Al-Ga-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910020833 Sn-Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910007541 Zn O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020868 Sn-Ga-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020944 Sn-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910009369 Zn Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
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- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N terbium atom Chemical compound [Tb] GZCRRIHWUXGPOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N thulium atom Chemical compound [Tm] FRNOGLGSGLTDKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H01L27/144—Devices controlled by radiation
- H01L27/146—Imager structures
- H01L27/14643—Photodiode arrays; MOS imagers
- H01L27/14658—X-ray, gamma-ray or corpuscular radiation imagers
- H01L27/14663—Indirect radiation imagers, e.g. using luminescent members
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- H01L27/1225—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs with a particular composition, shape or crystalline structure of the active layer with semiconductor materials not belonging to the group IV of the periodic table, e.g. InGaZnO
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Abstract
【解決手段】X線を用いて画像を取得する撮像装置であり、シンチレータと重畳するマトリクス状に配置された画素回路を有する。該画素回路にオフ電流が極めて小さいトランジスタを用いることで、電荷蓄積部からの電荷の流出を極力抑制することができ、全ての画素回路の蓄積動作を略同時とすることができる。この方式における蓄積動作と、X線照射とを同期させることでX線照射量を低減することができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
本実施の形態では、本発明の一態様の撮像装置について、図面を参照して説明する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1で示したセンサ基板101の構成について、より詳細に説明する。m行n列のマトリクス状に配置された画素回路を有するセンサ基板101の構成の例について図8乃至図11を用いて説明する。
本実施の形態では、実施の形態1および2で説明した画素回路に用いることのできる、オフ電流の著しく小さいトランジスタおよび該トランジスタを構成する材料について説明する。
101 センサ基板
102 シンチレータ
103 X線源
104 X線
105 可視光
106 被写体
200 画素回路
201 第1のトランジスタ
202 第2のトランジスタ
203 第3のトランジスタ
204 第4のトランジスタ
205 配線
210 画素回路
211 第1の配線
212 第2の配線
213 第3の配線
214 第4の配線
215 第5の配線
216 第6の配線
217 第7の配線
220 フォトダイオード
250 画素回路
260 画素回路
280 画素回路
301 信号
302 信号
303 信号
304 信号
305 信号
315 半導体膜
316 半導体膜
317 半導体膜
501 信号
502 信号
503 信号
504 信号
505 信号
506 信号
507 信号
508 信号
509 信号
510 期間
511 期間
520 期間
531 期間
610 期間
611 期間
612 期間
620 期間
621 期間
622 期間
623 期間
631 期間
1211 導電膜
1212 導電膜
1213 導電膜
1214 導電膜
1215 導電膜
1218 導電膜
1219 導電膜
1220 導電膜
1221 導電膜
1222 導電膜
1223 導電膜
1224 導電膜
1225 導電膜
1226 導電膜
1227 導電膜
1228 ゲート絶縁膜
1229 導電膜
1250 半導体層
1281 絶縁膜
1282 絶縁膜
1283 絶縁膜
Claims (7)
- マトリクス状に複数配置された画素回路がシンチレータと重畳する撮像装置であって、
前記画素回路は、
フォトダイオードと、
電荷蓄積部と、
第1のトランジスタと、
第2のトランジスタと、
第3のトランジスタと、
を有し、
前記第1のトランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方は、前記フォトダイオードと電気的に接続され、
前記第1のトランジスタのソースまたはドレインの他方は、前記電荷蓄積部と電気的に接続され、
前記第2のトランジスタのゲートは、前記電荷蓄積部と電気的に接続され、
前記第2のトランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方は、前記第3のトランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方と電気的に接続され、
少なくとも前記第1のトランジスタは、チャネル形成領域が酸化物半導体で形成されており、
前記複数の画素回路で前記電荷蓄積部のリセット動作が略同時に行われた後に、前記複数の画素回路で前記フォトダイオードによる電荷の蓄積動作が略同時に行われ、行毎に前記複数の画素回路のそれぞれから信号の読み出し動作が行われることを特徴とする撮像装置。 - マトリクス状に複数配置された画素回路がシンチレータと重畳する撮像装置であって、
前記画素回路は、
光センサ素子と、
電荷蓄積部と、
第1のトランジスタと、
第2のトランジスタと、
第3のトランジスタと、
第4のトランジスタと、
を有し、
前記第1のトランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方は、前記光センサ素子と電気的に接続され、
前記第1のトランジスタのソースまたはドレインの他方は、前記電荷蓄積部と電気的に接続され、
前記第2のトランジスタのゲートは、前記電荷蓄積部と電気的に接続され、
前記第2のトランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方は、前記第3のトランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方と電気的に接続され、
前記第4のトランジスタのソースまたはドレインの一方は、前記電荷蓄積部と電気的に接続され、
少なくとも前記第1のトランジスタおよび前記第4のトランジスタは、チャネル形成領域が酸化物半導体で形成されており、
前記複数の画素回路で前記電荷蓄積部のリセット動作が略同時に行われた後に、前記複数の画素回路で前記光センサ素子による電荷の蓄積動作が略同時に行われ、行毎に前記複数の画素回路のそれぞれから信号の読み出し動作が行われることを特徴とする撮像装置。 - 請求項2において、前記光センサ素子は、フォトダイオードであることを特徴とする撮像装置。
- 請求項2において、前記光センサ素子は、一対の電極と非晶質シリコン層を含んで形成されていることを特徴とする撮像装置。
- 請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項において、前記第2のトランジスタはチャネル形成領域が酸化物半導体で形成されていることを特徴とする撮像装置。
- 請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項において、前記第3のトランジスタはチャネル形成領域が酸化物半導体で形成されていることを特徴とする撮像装置。
- マトリクス状に複数配置された画素回路がシンチレータと重畳する撮像装置の駆動方法であって、
前記複数の画素回路がそれぞれ有する電荷蓄積部のリセット動作を略同時に行う第1の手順と、
前記シンチレータにX線が照射され、前記シンチレータが発する光を前記複数の画素回路がそれぞれ有する光センサ素子に照射する第2の手順と、
前記光センサ素子による前記電荷蓄積部への電荷の蓄積動作を略同時に行う第3の手順と、
行毎に前記複数の画素回路のそれぞれから信号の読み出し動作を行う第4の手順と、
を有し、
前記第2の手順と前記第3の手順を同期させて行うことを特徴とする撮像装置の駆動方法。
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KR20150046048A (ko) | 2015-04-29 |
DE102013216171A1 (de) | 2014-02-27 |
TW201421657A (zh) | 2014-06-01 |
KR102229963B1 (ko) | 2021-03-18 |
CN104584534B (zh) | 2019-04-30 |
TWI623091B (zh) | 2018-05-01 |
TW201714292A (zh) | 2017-04-16 |
CN104584534A (zh) | 2015-04-29 |
US20150028335A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
TWI577002B (zh) | 2017-04-01 |
US20140054466A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
WO2014030769A1 (en) | 2014-02-27 |
JP6247863B2 (ja) | 2017-12-13 |
US9972655B2 (en) | 2018-05-15 |
US8872120B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 |
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