JP2011029233A - 電力用半導体素子およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】n+ドレイン層9の主面に対して略垂直な縦方向に主電流経路が形成される素子部、及び前記素子部の周りに設けられた終端部における、n+ドレイン層9の前記主面上に設けられたn型ドリフト層2に、横方向に周期性をもって形成されたトレンチ溝を埋め込んで設けられたp型ピラー3と、隣接するp型ピラー3の間に挟まれたn型ドリフト層の部分であるn型ピラー4と、前記終端部において、p型ピラー3bに連通してp型ピラー3bの下に設けられたp型領域5と、を備えたことを特徴とする電力用半導体素子。
【選択図】図2
Description
図1は、本発明の第1の実施形態に係るパワーMOSFETチップ20を模式的に示す平面図である。
チップ20の中心部に設けられたソース電極12の下には、MOSFETの素子部が配置されている。一方、素子部の周囲、すなわちソース電極12の周辺に沿って設けられたゲートパッド15と、チップ20の周辺端部に設けられたフィールドストップ電極16と、の間には、終端部が設けられている。
n型ドリフト層2をエピ成長する成長工程では、ウェーハ10を成長温度まで加熱してエピ成長を行う。この際、p型ドープ領域6にイオン注入されたボロンは、活性化されてp型不純物となり、また、n型ドリフト層1およびエピ成長されたn型ドリフト層2中に再分布する。これにより、図4(b)に示すように、n型ドリフト層1とn型ドリフト層2との境界に、横方向に周期性をもってp型領域5が形成される。
トレンチ溝25は、反応性イオンエッチング法(RIE:Reactive Ion Etching)を用いてn型ドリフト層2中に形成される。図5(a)中に示すように、数μmの幅の開口を所定の周期で有するエッチングマスク24をn型ドリフト層2の表面に形成し、トレンチ溝25をエッチングする。この際、終端部のトレンチ溝25は、p型領域5に連通する位置に形成される。これにより、n型ドリフト層2が分離され、複数のn型ピラー4が形成される。
埋め込み工程では、p型不純物としてボロンをドープしたp型シリコンを、トレンチ溝25中にエピ成長させて埋め込み領域を形成し、p型ピラー3とする。エピ成長は、トレンチ溝25のみにp型シリコンを成長させる選択成長であっても良いし、ウェーハ10の表面全体にp型シリコンを成長させてトレンチ溝25を埋め込む方法を用いても良い。また、p型シリコンをエピ成長してトレンチ溝25を埋め込んだ後に、表面を研磨して平坦にすることが望ましい。
図6(a)に示すように、p型シリコンが埋め込まれたp型ピラー3と、トレンチ溝25によって分離されたn型ピラー4と、が、横方向(図中に示すX方向)に周期的に設けられている。さらに、n+ドレイン層1側のp型ピラー3の先端には、p型領域5が設けられている。また、p型ピラー3は、n+ドレイン層9側に向かって幅が狭くなるテーパ形状に形成されている。これにより、SJ構造を有するドリフト層からキャリア(電子およびホール)をスムーズに排出させることができるので、MOSFETのパルス応答特性を良くすることができる。
SJ構造では、n型ピラー4およびp型ピラー3の全体が空乏化した時に、イオン化したn型不純物の総量とp型不純物の総量とがバランスして、実質的にチャージ量が0となるように不純物量が制御される。したがって、イオン注入の際にドープされるボロンの量と、p型シリコンをトレンチ溝25に埋め込む際にドープされるボロンの量と、を合わせた総量が、n型ピラー4のn型不純物の総量とバランスするように形成される。例えば、n型ピラー4とp型ピラー3の体積が同じである場合には、p型ピラー3にドープされるボロンの濃度は、n型ピラー4のn型不純物濃度と等しくなるようにドープされる。
図8は、本発明の第2の実施の形態に係るウェーハの断面を模式的に示す断面図である。
本実施形態では、終端部において、2つのp型領域5aおよび5bが、n+ドレイン層9の主面に垂直な方向に積み重ねられた構成となっている。これにより、第1の実施形態(図5(b)参照)に比べて、n+ドレイン層9に向かう方向のp型領域5の長さが長くなり、終端部のSJ構造の耐圧をさらに高くすることができる。
図9は、本発明の第3の実施の形態に係るパワーMOSFETのユニットセルを模式的に示す断面図である。
n+ドレイン層9上に、横方向に周期性をもって設けられたp型領域5に、トレンチ溝25を埋め込んだp型ピラー3が連通して設けられている。また、横方向に周期性を持ってp型ピラー3とn型ピラー4とが設けられ、p型ピラー3の表面には、p型ベース7が設けられている。さらに、p型ベース7の表面には、n型ソース8とp型コンタクト領域27が、選択的に設けられている。すなわち、本実施形態に係るMOSFETは、素子部においても、p型領域5を有する構造となっている。
3 p型ピラー
4 n型ピラー
5 p型領域
6 p型ドープ領域
7 p型ベース
8 n型ソース
9 n+ドレイン層
10 ウェーハ
11 ドレイン電極
12 ソース電極
14 ゲート電極
25 トレンチ溝
Claims (5)
- 第1導電型の第1の半導体層と、
前記第1の半導体層の主面に対して略垂直な縦方向に主電流経路が形成される素子部及び前記素子部の周りに設けられた終端部における、前記第1の半導体層の前記主面上に設けられた第1導電型の第2の半導体層に、横方向に周期性をもって形成されたトレンチ溝を埋め込んで設けられた第2導電型の第1の半導体領域と、
隣接する前記第1の半導体領域の間に挟まれた前記第2の半導体層の部分である第1導電型の第2の半導体領域と、
前記終端部において、前記第1の半導体領域に連通して前記第1の半導体領域の下に設けられた第2導電型の第3の半導体領域と、
を備えたことを特徴とする電力用半導体素子。 - 前記第3の半導体領域と、前記第2の半導体層と、の境界で、前記第3の半導体領域から前記第2の半導体層に向かって変化する第2導電型の不純物の濃度プロファイルの傾きは、前記第1の半導体領域と前記第2の半導体領域との境界で、前記第1の半導体領域から前記第2の半導体領域に向かって変化する前記第2導電型の不純物の濃度プロファイルの傾きよりも緩やかに変化していることを特徴とする請求項1記載の電力用半導体素子。
- 前記第3の半導体領域における前記第2導電型の不純物の濃度の最高値は、前記第1の半導体領域の前記第2導電型の不純物の濃度の最高値の1.5倍よりも高いことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の電力用半導体素子。
- 前記終端部において、複数の前記第3の半導体領域が、前記第1の半導体層の主面に対して略垂直な方向に積み重ねて設けられたことを特徴とする請求項1ないし3に記載の電力用半導体素子。
- 第1導電型の第1の半導体層上において、前記第1の半導体層の主面に対して略垂直な縦方向に主電流経路が形成される素子部の周りに設けられる終端部に第2導電型の不純物をドープした複数の第4の半導体領域を横方向に周期性をもって形成する不純物ドープ工程と、
前記第1の半導体層上に、第1導電型の第2の半導体層をエピタキシャル成長し、前記第4の半導体領域にドープされた前記第2導電型の不純物を再分布させて第3の半導体領域を形成する成長工程と、
前記素子部及び前記終端部において、前記第4の半導体領域と同じ横方向の周期性をもって前記第2の半導体層にトレンチ溝を形成し、前記終端部において前記トレンチ溝を前記第3の半導体領域に連通させるエッチング工程と、
前記トレンチ溝を第2の導電型の半導体で埋め込んで第1の半導体領域を形成する埋め込み工程と、
を備えたことを特徴とする電力用半導体素子の製造方法。
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