JP2010501326A - 触媒で被覆されたディーゼル粒子フィルター、その製造方法、およびその使用 - Google Patents
触媒で被覆されたディーゼル粒子フィルター、その製造方法、およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2010501326A JP2010501326A JP2009525032A JP2009525032A JP2010501326A JP 2010501326 A JP2010501326 A JP 2010501326A JP 2009525032 A JP2009525032 A JP 2009525032A JP 2009525032 A JP2009525032 A JP 2009525032A JP 2010501326 A JP2010501326 A JP 2010501326A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- zeolite
- particle filter
- catalyst
- filter
- platinum group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- -1 platinum group metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052680 mordenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000505 Al2TiO5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011256 aggressive treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002816 fuel additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nd+3].[Nd+3] PLDDOISOJJCEMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N propan-2-yl (e)-but-2-enoate Chemical compound C\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)C AABBHSMFGKYLKE-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000010718 Oxidation Activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001785 cerium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000383 hazardous chemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002815 homogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);praseodymium(3+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Pr+3].[Pr+3] MMKQUGHLEMYQSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003447 praseodymium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005987 sulfurization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
-
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/42—Platinum
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/18—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof of the mordenite type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
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- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0246—Coatings comprising a zeolite
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
- B01J37/0248—Coatings comprising impregnated particles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
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- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0835—Hydrocarbons
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Abstract
Description
・水溶液に懸濁させてある固体の粉末材料の形での導入、この際粉末材料の平均粒子直径は基本的に、フィルター支持体の平均細孔直径より小さくなければならない
・ゾルの形での導入
・後の担体材料を前駆体溶液の形で導入し、該前駆体を最後のか焼によって初めて最終的な形に変える。
ゼオライトを有する粒子フィルターの負荷の影響を評価するために、3の異なる担体酸化物とゼオライトによって負荷された粒子フィルターの動圧を、動圧装置において、150〜300m3/hの貫流量で測定した。
フィルター支持体をまずフィルターの全長にわたって均質に、安定化されたγ−酸化アルミニウム上に担持されたPt/Pd触媒により被覆した。被覆懸濁液を、平均粒子直径が2μm未満になるまで粉砕した。これにより触媒材料を、被覆においてフィルター支持体の細孔中にほぼ完全に堆積させた。この第一の触媒層のPt/Pdの比は、2:1であり、かつ貴金属負荷量は2.12g/l(60g/ft3)であった。第二の被覆工程において、フィルター長さの半分にわたって同様に2.12(60g/ft3)の貴金属含分によって、かつ同一のPt/Pd比で第二の触媒層を施与した。これにより生じた比較フィルターVの貴金属総負荷量は、約90g/ft3、もしくは3.18g/lであった。第二の触媒層もまた、主にフィルター支持体の細孔内に堆積させた。
第二のフィルター支持体を、本発明による触媒で被覆した。この際まずフィルターを、フィルターの全長にわたって60g/ft3の貴金属負荷量で被覆した。しかしながら比較例とは異なり本発明による被覆は、2:1の比のPt/Pdで覆われ、安定化されたγ−酸化アルミニウムに対して付加的に、Y−ゼオライトとβ−ゼオライトとから成るゼオライト混合物(混合比1:1)も含んでいた。被覆懸濁液への添加前に、両方のゼオライトを僅少な量のPt(0.5質量%)によって含浸でドープした。γ−酸化アルミニウム対ゼオライト混合物の比は、約1:1であった。この後さらなる被覆工程においてフィルターの入口側を76.2mmの長さまで同一の被覆懸濁液を使用して、2.12g/lの貴金属により付加的に被覆した。従ってフィルターF1上における貴金属PtとPdの全濃度は、2:1のPt/Pd比で3.18g/l(90g/ft3)であった。
実施例1(フィルター1)と同様に、2のさらなるフィルター支持体を3.18g/lの貴金属負荷量で被覆した。フィルターF2ではフィルターF1とは異なり、第一の触媒層のみにおいて20g/lのゼオライト量を、フィルターの全長にわたって施与した。フィルターF3には、第二の触媒層のみによってゼオライトを施与した。使用されたゼオライトは、実施例1のようにY−ゼオライトとβ−ゼオライトとから成る混合物(混合比1:1)である。両方に使用されるゼオライトは、その都度0.5質量%のPtでドープされていた。
さらなる試験プログラムにおいて、触媒で被覆された4つの粒子フィルターを異なるゼオライト量で被覆した。F4〜F7までのこの4つのフィルターを、フィルターF1と同様に製造した。この際フィルターを、まずフィルターの全長にわたって均一に、2.12g/l(60g/ft3に相当)の貴金属負荷量で被覆した。第二の被覆工程において、76.2mmの長さにわたる帯域を有するフィルターを、付加的に2.12g/lの貴金属によって、90g/ft3の貴金属総負荷量(Pt/Pd=2:1)が生じるように被覆した。担体酸化物(安定化されたγ−酸化アルミニウム)の量を一定に保つ一方、4つのフィルターを異なるゼオライト量(10〜40g/l)で被覆し、この際第一の触媒に対しても、また第二の触媒に対しても、フィルターF1と同様に50%のY−ゼオライトと、50%のβ−のゼオライトとから成る同一のゼオライト混合物を使用した。この際、ゼオライト上のPt濃度は0.5質量%であった。表2は、本発明によるF4〜F7の4つのフィルターの組成を示す。
表2に示された結果によれば明らかに、吸蔵されたHC量はゼオライトの使用によって急激に増加した。すでに10g/lのゼオライトの使用が、吸蔵試験で吸蔵される炭化水素量の2.5倍の向上につながる。個々の触媒においてゼオライト含分をさらに増やせば、HC吸蔵容量は継続的に増加する。ゼオライト含分が25g/l以上で初めて、飽和作用が現れるようだ。
Claims (12)
- 排ガスのための入口側と出口側、および軸方向の長さを有し、触媒活性成分として白金族金属を担体材料上に含む第一の触媒により被覆されている、ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを処理するための粒子フィルターにおいて、
白金族金属のための前記担体材料が酸化アルミニウム、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化チタン、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化セリウム、およびこれらの混合物、またはこれらの混合酸化物から成る群から選択されていることと、第1の触媒が付加的に、炭化水素を吸蔵するための少なくとも1のゼオライトを含み、かつ粒子フィルターが入口側から出発して長さの一部までゼオライト不含の第二の触媒によって被覆されていることを特徴とする、ディーゼルエンジンの排ガスを処理するための粒子フィルター。 - ゼオライトが10〜400の二酸化ケイ素に対する酸化アルミニウムのモル比を有する、モルデン沸石、シリカライト、Y−ゼオライト、ZSM−5 ゼオライト、およびβ−ゼオライト、またはこれらの混合物から成る群から、前記ゼオライトが選択されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の粒子フィルター。
- 前記ゼオライトが遷移金属イオンによって交換されていることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の粒子フィルター。
- 遷移金属として鉄、銅、もしくはセリウム、またはこれらの混合物が存在することを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の粒子フィルター。
- 前記ゼオライトがH型、またはNa型で存在し、かつ同様に、白金族金属の濃度がゼオライトの全質量に対して0.1〜10質量%の少なくとも1の白金族金属によって触媒活性にされていることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の粒子フィルター。
- 両方の触媒が白金族金属として白金とパラジウムを1:10〜20:1の質量比で含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の粒子フィルター。
- 第1の触媒中のドープされたゼオライトに対する、白金族元素を含めた担体酸化物の質量比が、0.1〜10であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の粒子フィルター。
- 前記触媒が基本的に粒子フィルターの細孔に堆積していることを特徴とする、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の粒子フィルター。
- 前記粒子フィルターが、壁面が40〜80%の細孔率の、および9〜30μmの平均細孔直径の連続気孔構造を有するセラミック材料から成るウォールフローフィルターであることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の粒子フィルター。
- 両方の触媒を懸濁液被覆の形で粒子フィルター上に施与することを特徴とする、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項に記載の粒子フィルターの製造方法。
- いずれの個々の触媒の被覆のためにもまず、1の懸濁液が白金族金属で活性化された担体材料を含み、かつ第二の懸濁液がゼオライトを含む、その都度2の懸濁液を製造し、かつ両方の懸濁液を2μm未満の平均粒子直径に粉砕し、かつフィルターを被覆する直前に相互に混合し、かつ均質化させることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の方法。
- ディーゼルエンジンの排ガス中の一酸化炭素、炭化水素、および煤煙粒子を低減させるための、請求項1から11までのいずれか1項に記載の粒子フィルターの使用。
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JP2021159902A (ja) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-10-11 | 株式会社キャタラー | 排ガス浄化触媒装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101516502A (zh) | 2009-08-26 |
KR20090055580A (ko) | 2009-06-02 |
BRPI0715693A2 (pt) | 2013-08-06 |
EP2054153B1 (de) | 2014-01-22 |
CA2661783C (en) | 2014-10-14 |
RU2438777C2 (ru) | 2012-01-10 |
US7922987B2 (en) | 2011-04-12 |
BRPI0715693B1 (pt) | 2018-10-23 |
KR20140120360A (ko) | 2014-10-13 |
RU2009109744A (ru) | 2010-09-27 |
WO2008022967A1 (de) | 2008-02-28 |
KR101479474B1 (ko) | 2015-01-06 |
CA2661783A1 (en) | 2008-02-28 |
CN101516502B (zh) | 2012-05-30 |
US20100092358A1 (en) | 2010-04-15 |
EP2054153A1 (de) | 2009-05-06 |
JP5713561B2 (ja) | 2015-05-07 |
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