JP2012523313A - ディーゼル用途のための区分化された触媒 - Google Patents
ディーゼル用途のための区分化された触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2012523313A JP2012523313A JP2012504820A JP2012504820A JP2012523313A JP 2012523313 A JP2012523313 A JP 2012523313A JP 2012504820 A JP2012504820 A JP 2012504820A JP 2012504820 A JP2012504820 A JP 2012504820A JP 2012523313 A JP2012523313 A JP 2012523313A
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- washcoat
- section
- oxidation catalyst
- catalyst
- palladium
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Abstract
【選択図】なし
Description
本出願は、35USC§119(e)の下で、2009年4月8日に出願された米国仮出願第61/167,575号の優先権の利益を主張し、これは、参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。
1つまたは複数の実施形態によれば、担体は、DOC触媒を調製するために典型的に使用される材料のうちのいずれかであってもよく、好ましくは、金属またはセラミックのハニカム構造を備える。そこを通って流れる流体に対して流路が開口するように、担体の流入面または流出面からそこを通って延在する、複数の微細な並列ガス流路を有する種類のモノリシック担体等の、任意の好適な担体を採用してもよい。それらの流体流入口から流体流出口まで本質的に直線路である通路は、該通路を通って流れるガスが触媒材料と接触するように、触媒材料が「ウォッシュコート」としてその上に被覆される壁によって画定される。モノリシック担体の流路は、台形、長方形、正方形、正弦曲線、六角形、楕円形、円形等の、あらゆる好適な断面形状およびサイズであることができる、薄肉のチャネルである。当該構造は、断面の1平方インチあたり約60〜約600以上のガス流入開口部(すなわち、「セル」)を含有し得る。
本発明の触媒複合材は、単層または多層で形成されてもよい。いくつかの事例では、それは、触媒材料の1つのスラリーを調製すること、および該スラリーを使用して担体上に多層を形成することに好適であり得る。複合材料は、周知のプロセスによって容易に調製することができる。代表的な方法を以下に記載する。本明細書で使用される場合、「ウォッシュコート」という用語は、当技術分野において、通常、処理されているガス流が通路を通ることを可能にするように十分に多孔性である、ハニカム型担体部材等の基材担体材料に適用される触媒または他の材料の薄い粘着性の被覆を意味する。
直径4.66インチ(約11.8cm)×長さ6インチ(約15.2cm)のコーディエライトハニカムモノリス基材(400cspi、壁厚4mil)上に、PtおよびPd含有水性スラリーを被覆することによって、ウォッシュコートPt/Pd触媒組成物を、OSC上のPdおよびアルミナ上のPtの均一な混合物で調製した。貴金属の総充填量は、110g/ft3であり、PtとPdとの比率は、1:2であった。PtおよびPd含有水性スラリーを、以下のように調製した。
直径4.66インチ(約11.8cm)×長さ6インチ(約15.2cm)のコーディエライトハニカムモノリス基材(400cspi、壁厚4mil)上に、PtおよびPd含有水性スラリーを被覆することによって、ウォッシュコートPt/Pd触媒組成物を、OSC上のPd、アルミナ上のPt、およびベータゼオライトの均一な混合物で調製した。貴金属の総充填量は、150g/ft3であり、PtとPdとの比率は、1:2であった。PtおよびPd含有水性スラリーを、以下のように調製した。
直径4.66インチ(約11.8cm)×長さ6インチ(約15.2cm)のコーディエライトハニカムモノリス基材(400cspi、壁厚4mil)上に、Pt含有水性スラリーを被覆することによって、ウォッシュコートPt単独触媒組成物を、シリカ−アルミナ上のPtおよびベータゼオライトの均一な混合物で調製した。貴金属の総充填量は、110g/ft3であった。Pt含有水性スラリーを、以下のように調製した。
COおよびHCのNEDC性能を測定した後、参照サンプルA〜Cの前方半分および後方半分に対応する、直径4.66インチ(約11.8cm)×長さ3.0インチ(約7.6cm)の2つの被覆モノリスを作成するために、参照サンプルA、B、およびCのそれぞれを、長さに沿って半分に(すなわち、長さに沿った中間地点で)切断した。次いで、異なる区分化構成をシミュレートするために、比較実施例D、E、F、およびGを生成するように、これらを、特定の組み合わせで背中合わせに組み合わせた。比較実施例Dは、参照サンプルC(Pt単独)の前方半分と、参照サンプルAの後方半分とを備えた。逆に、比較実施例Eは、参照サンプルAの前方半分と、参照サンプルC(Pt単独)の後方半分とを備えた。比較実施例Fは、参照サンプルC(Pt単独)の前方半分と、参照サンプルBの後方半分とを備えた。逆に、比較実施例Gは、参照サンプルBの前方半分と、参照サンプルC(Pt単独)の後方半分とを備えた。新しい「区分化した」比較サンプルD〜Gを、以下に説明するように、参照サンプルA〜Cに類似したCOおよびHC性能について評価した。試験結果を、図5および6、ならびに表1に示す。
実施例1〜3で調製した被覆触媒組成物を、以下の様態で試験を行った。最初に、被覆モノリスを、ディーゼル試験エンジンの排気流の中に載置し、次いで、高温ポストインジェクション(PI)エージングを受けさせた。これは、触媒の前方面の温度を400℃に保ち、次いで、触媒の前方で周期的に排気ガス流の中に燃料を注入することによって達成した。注入燃料は、触媒を通過させて、燃焼させ、それによって、触媒の後方面において測定される温度を上昇させた。触媒の後方面での温度は、排気流の中に注入される燃料の量を制御することによって制御した。この方法を使用して、触媒の後方での温度を、25時間にわたって15分間隔で、400℃と700℃との間を反復させた(合計50サイクル)。
Claims (15)
- エンジンからの排気ガス排出の削減のための酸化触媒複合材であって、
ある長さ、流入端および流出端を有する担体基材、前記担体上のディーゼル酸化触媒の触媒材料を含み、前記ディーゼル酸化触媒の触媒材料は、第1のウォッシュコート区分および第2のウォッシュコート区分を含み、
前記第1のウォッシュコート区分は、白金(Pt)成分およびパラジウム(Pd)成分のうちの1種以上と、第1の耐火金属酸化物支持体とを含む第1のウォッシュコート層を含み、前記第1のウォッシュコート区分は前記担体基材の前記流入端に隣接し、
前記第2のウォッシュコート区分は、白金成分およびパラジウム成分のうちの1種以上と、第2の耐火金属酸化物支持体とを含む第2のウォッシュコート層を含み、前記第2のウォッシュコート層は前記担体基材の前記流出端に隣接し、前記パラジウム成分の合計の少なくとも約50%が、前記第1のウォッシュコート区分中にあり、前記白金成分の少なくとも50%が、前記第2のウォッシュコート区分中にあることを特徴とする酸化触媒複合材。 - 前記第2のウォッシュコート層は実質的にパラジウムを含まない請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 前記第1のウォッシュコート区分は、前記基材の全体の長さにわたって延在し、前記第2のウォッシュコート区分は、前記第1のウォッシュコート区分の少なくとも一部と重複する請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 前記第1のウォッシュコート区分は、前記基材の前記長さの約5%〜95%に沿って、前記流入端から延在し、前記第2のウォッシュコート区分は、前記基材の前記長さの約5%〜95%に沿って、前記流出端から延在する請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 前記第1のウォッシュコート区分および前記第2のウォッシュコート区分のうちの一方は、他方と重複する請求項4に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 前記白金およびパラジウムは、約1:10〜約4:1の総白金/パラジウム比で存在する請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 前記触媒材料は、メタン成分を含む、改良型燃焼ディーゼルエンジンから排出されるHCおよびCOを酸化するのに効果的であり、前記第1のウォッシュコート層が、改良型燃焼ディーゼルエンジンの作動に関連した高排出および低温条件下で、COおよびHCを酸化するために作用する請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 前記第1の耐火金属酸化物支持体および前記第2の耐火金属酸化物支持体のうちの一方または双方は、アルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニア、チタニア、およびそれらの組み合わせのうちの1種以上を含み、前記第2の耐火酸化物支持体は、アルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニア、チタニア、およびそれらの組み合わせのうちの1種以上を含む請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 前記第1および第2のウォッシュコート層のうちの一方または双方は、ゼオライト、アルカリ土類酸化物、希土類酸化物、および卑金属酸化物のうちの1種以上をさらに含む請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 貴金族金属成分を実質的に含有していないアンダーコート層をさらに含み、前記アンダーコート層は、前記第1のウォッシュコート区分および前記第2のウォッシュコート区分のうちの一方または双方の真下で、前記担体基材に施用される請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 前記第1の支持体は、セリアと、ベータゼオライト、ZSM−5、またはゼオライトYから選択されるゼオライトを含む分子篩とを含む請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 約1059g/m3〜12359g/m3(30g/ft3〜350g/ft3)の範囲の白金およびパラジウムの総充填量を有する請求項1に記載の酸化触媒複合材。
- 従来のディーゼル排気ガス流または改良型燃焼ディーゼル排気ガス流を処理するための方法であって、前記排気ガス流を触媒煤煙フィルタに通過させることを含み、前記排気ガスが、請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の酸化触媒複合材を最初に通過することを特徴とする方法。
- ディーゼル排気ガスを、前記触媒煤煙フィルタ(CSF)の下流に設置される選択的触媒還元(SCR)触媒物品に誘導することをさらに含む請求項13に記載の方法。
- 改良型燃焼ディーゼルエンジンの作動に関連した高排出および低温条件下で、COおよびHCを酸化することを含む請求項13に記載の方法。
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US20100257843A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
WO2010118125A2 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
BRPI1015175A2 (pt) | 2016-04-19 |
EP2416877A4 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
US8637426B2 (en) | 2014-01-28 |
CN102387856B (zh) | 2016-07-20 |
KR20170045399A (ko) | 2017-04-26 |
JP5730282B2 (ja) | 2015-06-10 |
KR20190073617A (ko) | 2019-06-26 |
PL2416877T3 (pl) | 2022-07-18 |
KR20120014893A (ko) | 2012-02-20 |
CN102387856A (zh) | 2012-03-21 |
EP2416877B1 (en) | 2022-06-08 |
KR20210013313A (ko) | 2021-02-03 |
EP2416877A2 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
WO2010118125A3 (en) | 2011-03-24 |
BRPI1015175B1 (pt) | 2018-09-11 |
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