JP2010213717A - 耐寒性キーウィの抽出物を含む食品添加物 - Google Patents
耐寒性キーウィの抽出物を含む食品添加物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2010213717A JP2010213717A JP2010112968A JP2010112968A JP2010213717A JP 2010213717 A JP2010213717 A JP 2010213717A JP 2010112968 A JP2010112968 A JP 2010112968A JP 2010112968 A JP2010112968 A JP 2010112968A JP 2010213717 A JP2010213717 A JP 2010213717A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
- A23V2200/30—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health
- A23V2200/304—Foods, ingredients or supplements having a functional effect on health having a modulation effect on allergy and risk of allergy
Abstract
【解決手段】炎症作用を減少させることによる、肥満細胞からのヒスタミンの放出を阻害することによる、および血清中のTh1サイトカイン、IgG2aの濃度を増大させて、血清中のTh2サイトカインおよびIgEの濃度を低下させることによる、アレルギー性疾患および非アレルギー性炎症性疾患の予防または緩和するために、耐寒性キーウィの抽出物を含む食品添加物および食品、また、耐寒性キーウィの抽出物の製造方法。
【選択図】図1a
Description
したがって、本発明の1つの目的は、アレルギー性疾患および非アレルギー性炎症性疾患の治療ならびに予防のための、有効成分として耐寒性キーウィの粗抽出物または非極性溶媒に可溶性の抽出物を含む医薬組成物を提供することである。
1−1.耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物の調製
ソウル市にある京東(キョンドン)市場から購入した、100gの乾燥させた耐寒性キーウィおよび耐寒性キーウィ(アクチニジアアルグータ)の乾燥させた茎、アクチニジアコロミクタおよびアクチニジアポリガマの乾燥果実を粉砕し、1Lの蒸留水と混合し、90〜95℃で3時間の還流抽出を3回行い、抽出物を濾紙で濾過し、回転式エバポレーター(N-1000,Eyela Co. 日本)を使用することによって55〜60℃で減圧下で濃縮し、凍結乾燥機で乾燥させて、15.6gの乾燥果実抽出物、10.4gのキーウィ(アクチニジアアルグータ)の乾燥茎抽出物、16.2gおよび17.0gのそれぞれアクチニジアコロミクタおよびアクチニジアポリガマの乾燥果実抽出物を得た。乾燥粉末を蒸留水中に溶解させた(100mg/ml)。
30%、50%、および70%のエタノール溶媒のような種々の割合の水−アルコール溶媒を抽出溶媒として使用したことを除いて、全ての手順は実施例1−1の手順と同じであった。結果として、11〜13gの耐寒性キーウィの乾燥粉末がそれぞれの割合の溶媒混合物で得られ、乾燥粉末を蒸留水中に溶解させた(100mg/ml)。
実施例1−1で調製した水抽出物を以下の手順によって分画した。
50mlの蒸留水を、実施例1−1で得た5gの耐寒性キーウィ抽出物に添加した。分液漏斗中で50mlのクロロホルムをこれに添加し、激しく振ってクロロホルムに可溶性の層と水溶性の層を分離させた。
実施例1−1で得た上記水溶性の層に50mlの酢酸エチルを混合し、その後、酢酸エチルに可溶性の層と水溶性の層とに分離させた。
実施例2−2の酢酸エチルに可溶性の画分2784mgをさらに、シリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー(Daiso gel IR-60-W-40: 63mm)に供した。展開溶媒は、クロロホルム:メタノール:水([1]90:11:1、[2]60:10:1、[3]60:20:2)溶媒混合物で開始し、メタノール[4]で終わり、溶出速度を300ml/hrとして、4つの部分画分([1]2381mg、[2]135mg、[3]148mg、[4]98mg)を得た。
1−1.IgE生産に対する耐寒性キーウィ抽出物の効果
IgE生産に対する耐寒性キーウィ抽出物の阻害効果を確認するために、U266B1細胞(リンパ芽球細胞株)を使用した。U266B1は、IgEを生産するヒトB細胞の細胞株である。
U266B1細胞のIgE生産に対する阻害効果を比較するために、上記実施例2で調製したクロロホルムに可溶性の画分、酢酸エチルに可溶性の画分、および水溶性画分を、上記実験例1−1に開示した実験と同じ実験に供した。
実施例3で調製したシリカゲルカラムクロマトグラフィー画分[1]、[2]、[3]、および[4]を、U266B1細胞に対するIgE生産の阻害効果を比較するために、実験例1−1に開示した実験と同じ実験に供した。
2−1.オボアルブミンで感作したマウスモデルの調製
オボアルブミンで感作したマウスモデルは一般的に、アレルギーの動物モデルとして使用されている。6週齢の雌性BALB/cマウス(ソウル国際大学動物実験センター)を、7日間、環境に適応させた。生後7週に、25μgのオボアルブミン(ニワトリの卵白アルブミン、粗製等級V、Sigma Co.,Ltd.)を2.25mgの水酸化アルミニウム(Imuject Alum, Pierce Co., Ltd)と混合した100μlの乳濁液をマウスの腹腔に注射し、14日後に効果を高める(boosting)ためにこれをもう1回注射した。
実施例2−1で回収した血清中の、オボアルブミン特異的IgE、IgG1、IgG2a、およびIgG2bの血清濃度を、ELISAキット(PharMingen Co., Ltd)によって測定した。
耐寒性キーウィ抽出物を投与したマウスの脾臓細胞によるサイトカインの発現を分析するために、脾臓細胞を以下のように実施例2−1で準備した脾臓から調製した。
ヒトの抹消血単核細胞(PBMC)を、元々の高い血清IgE濃度を有しているアレルギー患者の全血からFicoll-hypaqueを用いて調製し、10%のFBSを含むRPMI培地中で培養した。PBMCを、耐寒性キーウィ抽出物(100μg/mlで)および免疫刺激効果を有する一般的に使用されているレクチンであるフィトヘマグルチニン(PHA、5μg/mlで)で一緒に処理し、5%のCO2および37℃で培養した。48時間後に、細胞培養物の上清中のIL-5、IL-13、IL-10およびインターフェロン-γ濃度をELISAを使用して測定した。
耐寒性キーウィ抽出物がヒトの血清IgE濃度を低下させるかどうかを試験するために、2人のアレルギー患者(元々の高い血清IgE濃度を示す、それぞれアレルギー性鼻炎およびアレルギー性皮膚炎の患者KおよびE)に、21日間にわたって毎日耐寒性キーウィ抽出物(乾燥重量で1g)を経口投与し、彼らの血清IgE濃度をELISA法によって2週間ごとに測定した。
肥満細胞からのヒスタミン放出はアレルギー性の反応の主要な原因の1つである。したがって、肥満細胞からのヒスタミンの放出に対する耐寒性キーウィ抽出物の効果を試験した。
%阻害=100×(A−B)/(A−C)
A:刺激されたレベル(IgEで刺激した場合のヒスタミンの放出)
B:抑制されたレベル(IgEで刺激および薬剤処理した場合のヒスタミンの放出)
C:基底レベル(IgEで刺激をしていない場合のヒスタミンの放出)
15匹のマウス(8週齢の雄性BALB/c)を、水は自由に摂取できるようにして18時間絶食させ、3つの群に分けた。それぞれのマウスの右耳へのアラキドン酸(0.5mg/20μlアセトン)の局所適用により炎症を誘導した。左耳を陰性対照として使用し、媒体(20μlのアセトン)を投与した。耐寒性キーウィ抽出物(水中200mg/kg)を、アラキドン酸の適用の1時間前に経口投与した。陽性対照の群には、アラキドン酸の適用の1時間前にインドメタシン(10mg/kg、経口)を投与した。炎症を1時間経過観察し、その後、動物を屠殺した。それぞれの耳から直径6mmの円盤状の切片を得、重量を測定した。浮腫指数を、未処理の左耳の重量に関する右耳のパンチ生検の重量の増大を使用して評価した。全く処理しなかった対照マウスの浮腫指数は、7.2±1.1mgであった。しかし、耐寒性キーウィ抽出物で動物を処理した場合には、指数は62.5%減少して2.7±0.8mgとなった。陽性対照としてインドメタシンで処理した耳は、未処理の耳と比較して浮腫指数の81.9%の低下を示した(表9を参照)。
動物における耐寒性キーウィの抗アレルギー効果を確認するために、ヒトのアトピー性皮膚炎の研究用の動物モデルとして広く使用されているNc/Ngaマウスモデルを使用した。Nc/Ngaマウスは、その遺伝形質に起因してTh1免疫が抑制されている、すなわち、インターフェロン−γ生産のレベルが低い。その結果、Th2免疫が優性であり、これにより、Nc/Ngaマウスはアレルギー性疾患、特に、通常の環境下でアトピー性皮膚炎にかかりやすい(Vestergaar CH等,J.Clin.Invest.,104,1097-1105頁,1999)。
耐寒性キーウィ抽出物の毒性を試験するために、マウスに対して繰り返し毒性試験を行った。
(1)体重および行動の観察:体重または行動の異常な変化は観察されなかった。
(2)血液検査による分析:WBC、リンパ球、単球、好中球、好酸球、好塩基球、RBC、ヘモグロビン、または血小板の数において異常な症状は観察されなかった。
(3)血清の生化学的試験:血清のAST、ALT、LDH、ビリルビン、クレアチニン、グルコース、コレステロール、ミネラル、アルブミン、BUN、リパーゼ、またはアミラーゼのレベルには異常な症状は観察されなかった。
(4)組織学的試験:腎臓、脾臓、肝臓、または胸腺の組織に異常な症状は観察されなかった。
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 50mg
メタ二亜硫酸ナトリウム 3.0mg
メチルパラベン 0.8mg
プロピルパラベン 0.1mg
注射用蒸留水 最適量
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 50mg
トウモロコシデンプン 100mg
乳糖 100mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 2mg
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 100mg
トウモロコシデンプン 100mg
乳糖 100mg
タルク 2mg
ステアリン酸マグネシウム 最適量
耐寒性キーウィの70%エタノール抽出物 100mg
糖 20g
フルクトース 20g
レモン香料 最適量
蒸留水 100ml
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 1000mg
ビタミン混合物 20g
酢酸ビタミンA 70μg
ビタミンE 1.0mg
ビタミンB1 0.13mg
ビタミンB2 0.15mg
ビタミンB6 0.5mg
ビタミンB12 0.2μg
ビタミンC 10mg
ビオチン 10μg
ニコチン酸アミド 1.7mg
葉酸 50μg
パントテン酸カルシウム 0.5mg
ミネラル混合物 最適量
硫酸第一鉄 1.75mg
酸化亜鉛 0.82mg
炭酸マグネシウム 25.3mg
リン酸一カリウム 15mg
第二リン酸カルシウム 55mg
クエン酸カリウム 90mg
炭酸カルシウム 100mg
塩化マグネシウム 24.8mg
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 1000mg
クエン酸 100mg
オリゴ糖 100g
杏濃縮物 2g
タウリン 1g
蒸留水 900ml
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 1.00(%)
グリセロール 3.00
エタノール 1.00
プロピレングリコール 0.10
香料 微量
蒸留水 100%になるように
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 3.00(%)
L-アスコルビン酸-2-リン酸マグネシウム 1.00
可溶性コラーゲン(1%溶液) 1.00
クエン酸ナトリウム 0.10
クエン酸 0.05
1,3-ブチレングリコール 3.00
蒸留水 100%になるように
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 3.00(%)
ポリエチレングリコモノステアレート 2.00
モノステアリン酸グリセリン 1.00
セチルアルコール 4.00
スクアレン 6.00
トリ2-グリセリルエチルヘキサノエート 6.00
スフィンゴ−糖脂質 1.00
1,3-ブチレングリコール 7.00
蒸留水 100%になるように
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 5.00(%)
ポリビニルアルコール 13.00
L-アスコルビン酸-2-リン酸マグネシウム 1.00
ラウロイルヒドロキシプロリン 1.00
可溶性コラーゲン(1%溶液) 2.00
1,3-ブチレングリコール 3.00
エタノール 5.00
蒸留水 100%になるように
実施例1の耐寒性キーウィの水抽出物 2.00(%)
ヒドロキシエチレンセルロース(2%溶液) 12.00
キサンチンガム(2%溶液) 2.00
1,3-ブチレングリコール 3.00
濃グリセリン 4.00
ヒアルロン酸ナトリウム 5.00
蒸留水 100%になるように
Claims (8)
- 耐寒性キーウィを乾燥させ、これを水または低級アルコールで60〜100℃の温度で抽出した後、上清を減圧濃縮して得られた耐寒性キーウィ抽出物を含む食品添加物。
- 前記耐寒性キーウィ抽出物0.01〜50重量%及び糖0.001〜50重量%を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の食品添加物。
- 前記耐寒性キーウィ抽出物に微結晶セルロースを混合して攪拌、乾燥して固形化したことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の食品添加物。
- 請求項1〜3に記載の食品添加物を含む食品。
- 前記食品が健康機能食品であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の食品。
- 前記食品が飲み物または固形物であることを特徴とする請求項4または5に記載の食品。
- 耐寒性キーウィを乾燥させ、これを水または低級アルコールで60〜100℃の温度で抽出した後、上清を減圧濃縮することを特徴とする、耐寒性キーウィ抽出物の製造方法。
- 請求項7に記載の製造方法で製造した耐寒性キーウィ抽出物にセルロース及び糖を添加し、打錠して製造された錠剤。
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