EP2204508B1 - Dispositif de lavage - Google Patents

Dispositif de lavage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2204508B1
EP2204508B1 EP10004202.7A EP10004202A EP2204508B1 EP 2204508 B1 EP2204508 B1 EP 2204508B1 EP 10004202 A EP10004202 A EP 10004202A EP 2204508 B1 EP2204508 B1 EP 2204508B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
washing device
water
nozzle
outlet
nozzles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP10004202.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2204508A2 (fr
EP2204508A3 (fr
Inventor
Elmar Mock
André Klopfenstein
Laurent Torriani
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gjosa SA
Original Assignee
Gjosa SA
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP2204508A2 publication Critical patent/EP2204508A2/fr
Publication of EP2204508A3 publication Critical patent/EP2204508A3/fr
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Publication of EP2204508B1 publication Critical patent/EP2204508B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/14—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with multiple outlet openings; with strainers in or outside the outlet opening
    • B05B1/18—Roses; Shower heads
    • B05B1/185—Roses; Shower heads characterised by their outlet element; Mounting arrangements therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/12—Plumbing installations for waste water; Basins or fountains connected thereto; Sinks
    • E03C1/18—Sinks, whether or not connected to the waste-pipe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/26—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets
    • B05B1/262—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid or other fluent material by impinging jets with fixed deflectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/001—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements incorporating means for heating or cooling, e.g. the material to be sprayed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
    • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/04—Water-basin installations specially adapted to wash-basins or baths
    • E03C1/0404—Constructional or functional features of the spout
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/04—Water-basin installations specially adapted to wash-basins or baths
    • E03C1/041—Water-basin installations specially adapted to wash-basins or baths having provisions against scalding, e.g. temperature limiting devices, external covers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03C—DOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00—Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02—Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/04—Water-basin installations specially adapted to wash-basins or baths
    • E03C1/046—Adding soap, disinfectant, or the like in the supply line or at the water outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of sprayers, in particular to a washing device.
  • Such a washing device for example WO 2004/101163 A1 known. It describes a shower head in which water nozzles are arranged in pairs, so that the jets of two nozzles of a pair collide and thereby dissolve into droplets. Purpose of the device is to allow a pleasant shower experience at different operating pressures between 0.2 bar and 10 bar and also to reduce the water consumption compared to conventional shower heads. However, it should be prevented that, in addition to the water droplets, a mist of very fine droplets is formed.
  • the colliding beams are preferably arranged so that they do not completely overlap each other.
  • WO 98/07522 known to install a heater in a shower head to heat water immediately before delivery through the shower.
  • the shower is intended to be fed by a cistern, and therefore has a pump for pumping the water.
  • a two-stage electric heater is provided, the heating power, depending on the model 8.5 kW / 7.8 kW or 9.5 kW / 8.7 kW.
  • the temperature of the discharged water is adjusted by varying the water flow rate.
  • a hand-operated control valve of the pump is connected downstream.
  • the inlet pressure in front of the device must not be too high, probably to protect the pump, so the device must not be connected to a water supply network and must not be more than 10 m below the cistern. Both the heating power and the flow rate are thus relatively high.
  • DE 100 04 534 A1 describes a hydromassage nozzle for generating a pulsating water jet.
  • the massage nozzle is controlled by pumps or valves accordingly.
  • the massage nozzle is intended for operation in a pool of water such as a shower bath, whirlpool, swimming pool or exercise pool, so for operation under water, so that no atomization takes place.
  • BE 514 104 shows a spray head with atomization by colliding rays.
  • a spray core has four or more 1 mm or 12 mm diameter inclined bores directed to a common focal point.
  • a sieve acts as a dirt filter.
  • an increase in pressure, for example by a pump, is not mentioned.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a washing device which can be installed with little effort, and especially in buildings or facilities with an existing water network and electrical network without substantial expansion of the networks can be installed.
  • Another object is to have a washing device which is not susceptible to the spread of pathogenic diseases.
  • the washing device for dispensing water or a water-based mixture, in a shower or a vanity has at least one outlet for spraying liquids at low flow rate and under elevated pressure, and at least one conveying device for increasing a liquid pressure before spraying to an operating pressure of the outlet.
  • the operating pressure of the outlet is above the nominal pressure of the water supply network. This nominal pressure is typically around 2.5 bar.
  • the pressure in domestic installations is limited to a maximum of 5 bar or 6 bar, for example.
  • the spraying of the liquid naturally occurs in a gaseous medium, with a washing device typically in the atmosphere or the ambient air in which the washing device is operated.
  • the sprayed liquid is usually water or a water-based mixture.
  • the water can therefore be mixed with an additive such as soap or another cleaning or disinfecting agent.
  • the mixture can come from all nozzles. It is also possible to supply the nozzles in each case with different liquids or liquid mixtures, for example a nozzle with water and the other with liquid soap, or one with water and one with disinfectant.
  • gaseous fluids are supplied by their own nozzles.
  • a high pressure gas jet may also be used to atomize a jet of liquid.
  • the gas jet may in particular be a steam jet.
  • the washing device can be used in addition to the sanitary area in unclaimed embodiments in the therapeutic, cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications.
  • the admixed liquids may also contain cosmetic or medical active ingredients.
  • This conveyor or pump is therefore preferably arranged as part of the washing device locally, in the vicinity of the outlet or a shower head, ie in a bathroom or as a built-in element of a mobile or stationary shower cubicle.
  • a central pressure increase for example in a building for several shower facilities conceivable.
  • Such a central pressure increase can be provided for the whole building, or it can be used several units for central pressure increase, for example, each one unit for a floor or each unit for a vertical supply line through several floors. This helps to keep pump noises away from users.
  • Both used operating pressures of the outlet from 10 to 50 bar, in particular 15 to 25 bar, but existing lines in buildings are usually overwhelmed and would have to new pressurized water pipes are laid.
  • the pump is electrically driven, for example.
  • the pumps may be coordinated, or there may be at least one pair of oppositely directed nozzles for each of the liquids, fed by the same pump.
  • the impact points of the plurality of nozzle pairs may coincide or be spaced apart, for example, in the main spray direction.
  • Flow rate control may be accomplished by controlling the pump (s) or by mechanical control means at the outlet or in the supply line.
  • a mechanical control means is for example a manually adjustable reducing valve.
  • the washing device is particularly suitable for installation in means of transport such as trains, airplanes, motorhomes, or other mobile devices such as mobile washing systems, etc.
  • Other applications are for example in showers or car washes in public baths, in unclaimed embodiments in dishwashers or for watering plants.
  • the pump is operated manually.
  • a pressure can first be manually generated in a pressure accumulator, and then a washing device can be used subsequently or else over a longer period of time.
  • This embodiment of the invention is particularly advantageous when combined with solar hot water production.
  • the pressure accumulator is identical to a water reservoir and also has an irradiable surface for heating the water reservoir.
  • the pressure can be stored by expansion of a flexible vessel and / or by compression of an air volume in the accumulator.
  • the washing device has a heating device for heating the water or the liquid. Thanks to the low flow rate, this heater can be made comparatively small. In particular, it can be designed as a water heater, ie without memory, in which the water is heated, as in a boiler heater or storage heater. The heater can be operated electrically, with a fluid fuel such as gas or oil, or otherwise.
  • the supply of hot water from a boiler ie from a storage heater, or generally with stored hot water happens.
  • the heater is preferably set up for controlled heating of the water prior to delivery to a predetermined discharge temperature.
  • a temperature can be adjusted by a manually adjustable presetting device, e.g. be specified by a knob.
  • the water temperature is measured and automatically controlled by adjusting the heating power. This is much more accurate, faster and more comfortable than conventional temperature control by setting a mixing ratio on a mixer tap.
  • the manually adjustable default temperature control temperature is limited to a predetermined value, and / or the dispensing temperature is limited to a predetermined value.
  • Such a value is for personal washing devices, for example, 45 ° C or 50 ° C or 55 ° C.
  • the heating power can be kept low or limited in accordance with the maximum flow rate.
  • unheated water is added to the heated water after the heating to lower the water temperature.
  • the heater can be operated at a different (more efficient) operating point than if the heater would reach the lowered temperature without admixture.
  • the heater can heat the water to around 90 ° C, whereupon it (for sanitary applications) by mixing cold water brought back to a lower discharge temperature becomes.
  • a higher dispensing temperature may also be used.
  • Suitable as a heater among others, flow heaters as in the EP 0 832 400 B1 or in the EP 0 869 731 B1 are disclosed. These documents are hereby incorporated by reference into the application. Accordingly, a heated pipe is suspended so that it is movable or deformable during operation. Cause of the movement or deformation may be temperature changes, pressure changes and / or vibrations of a pump. As a result, limescale deposits are dissolved in the pipe.
  • these instantaneous water heaters are designed for relatively low flow rates compared to conventional washing and shower facilities. They are, possibly with adjustment of the heating power, combined with low-flow spraying according to the present invention. These instantaneous water heaters are particularly suitable for high operating pressures, for example up to 10 bar or more.
  • the temperature control can also be done by regulating the electrical heating power or by mixing cold water.
  • the washing device therefore preferably has a supply of cold water and a supply of energy for heating, but no supply of hot water.
  • the power supply may be electrical or a supply of combustible gas. However, another supply can not be ruled out.
  • the washing device can thus be designed as a compact unit with only a cold water connection and an electrical supply connection.
  • a unit contains in a housing, the pressure pump and the heater, and preferably a pre-treatment unit for the supplied water, or liquid.
  • the pretreatment unit preferably has one or a combination of the following functions: coarse filter, microfilter, disinfection, antibacterial treatment, decalcification.
  • control inputs can controls be present for temperature control and / or pressure control. These can be attached to the unit itself or to a remote control unit.
  • the maximum flow rate of the outlet is 5 l / min or 3 l / min, and preferably 1.0 to 1.5 l / min, which corresponds to a heater with a maximum heat output of approximately 3 kW.
  • the maximum flow rate of the outlet is 1 l / min, and preferably 0.5 l / min, which corresponds to a heater having a maximum heating power of about 1 kW. These ratios are suitable for an outlet in a faucet for a sink (or sink or sink).
  • the above flow rates refer to a nozzle set. When using several sets of nozzles, the flow rate is increased accordingly.
  • the heating power for an electric heater is typically limited to 2, 4 or 6 kW, depending on the protection and the number of phases used. This also limits the maximum flow rate for a decentralized heating, which is an important incentive to reduce the flow rate while maintaining the wash quality.
  • the washing device has a mixing device for mixing the water with soap before dispensing.
  • This mixing device can be switched on and off, so that the washing device is operable in a first and a second operating mode, wherein in the first mode of operation (“soaping") soap is added to the water and the water flow, for example, less than 3 l / min or less than 1 l / min and preferably 0.5 l / min, and in the second mode of operation (“rinsing") no soap is added to the water and the Water flow is up to 1 l / min or (in a shower) up to 3 l / min or up to 5 l / min.
  • the outlet has a nozzle body, which nozzle body has two nozzle disks, wherein the nozzle disks are arranged rotatable relative to one another in different positions.
  • a set of nozzles of the first nozzle disk is connected to different sets of nozzles of the second nozzle disk. If the first nozzle disk is an upper nozzle disk, i. the nozzle disk which is acted upon by pressurized water, and the second nozzle disk a lower, which faces the consumer or the spray direction, then by rotating the second nozzle disk, a nozzle set having a selectable characteristic can be coupled to the feeding nozzle set of the upper nozzle disk.
  • first nozzle disk is a lower nozzle disk
  • one of several feeding nozzle sets of the second, upper nozzle disk can be selected by rotating the first nozzle disk.
  • Different feeding nozzle sets can be fed with different liquids or liquid combinations, for example, so that a selection of the mixture of the sprayed liquid is possible by rotating the first nozzle disk.
  • the atomization is accomplished in that a liquid jet strikes an obstacle at a high relative speed.
  • the obstacle may be a moving or stationary solid or at least one further jet of a fluid, that is to say a liquid jet or gas jet.
  • the relative velocity is due to the velocity of the liquid jet and / or movement of the solid.
  • Means for achieving a high relative speed are thus nozzles for generating a liquid jet, possibly in conjunction with a pump for increasing the pressure, and / or moving solids, to which a or hit several jets of liquid.
  • a solid also called sputtering body below, can be rotated at high speed. The number of revolutions depends on the desired relative speed and the radius of an impact point of a liquid jet with respect to the axis of rotation.
  • the relative velocity between the particles in the liquid jet and the sputtering body is over 20, 30 or 40 m / s and preferably at least approximately 50 m / s. This achieves a suitable size and speed of the atomized jet.
  • the atomization is accomplished in that the outlet comprises at least one nozzle set with at least two nozzles for generating colliding liquid jets and for atomizing the liquid.
  • the nozzle set has, for example, two, three, four or more nozzles whose jets meet at least approximately at one point.
  • the rays may intentionally be slightly displaced so that they do not collide at one point, thus causing, for example, a massage sensation.
  • the washing device has a mixing device for mixing soap into the liquid supply of at least one of the nozzles.
  • the further medium can be supplied unmixed as liquid to at least one nozzle.
  • the liquids are additionally mixed and distributed when they collide.
  • the type of multiple pumps used and the nozzle diameter of the nozzles vary according to the respective fluids with each other.
  • an optimal balanced atomization can be achieved.
  • soap it is also possible for soap to be guided from above to the collision point of the colliding beams and mixed in this way.
  • the washing device has protective bodies which are arranged in the direction of the nozzles, so that a liquid jet, which is not struck by other liquid jets, strikes a protective body. This prevents that when a nozzle clogging, the jet from another nozzle of the nozzle set hits directly on the skin or the eyes.
  • the nozzles are not exactly aligned with each other, but for example only with an overlap of the jet surfaces of 60% or 80%. Or it can be switched between modes with different overlap and thus different showering sensation. This can be done by switching between several nozzle sets, or by mechanically varying the orientation of at least one nozzle of a nozzle set.
  • asymmetry of the atomized water jet Due to the only partial overlap of the jet surfaces creates an asymmetry of the atomized water jet.
  • Other ways to create an asymmetry are, for example, the use of different nozzle diameters in at least two nozzles of a nozzle set. Or it can operate two nozzles of a nozzle set with different liquid pressures become. This can be achieved by using separate pumps per nozzle or by using different pressure reducers (throttles) per nozzle. In principle, it is also possible to vary and control such different pressures per nozzle over time. Thus, the shape and thus also a movement of the atomized beam can be varied dynamically.
  • the outlet has exactly one set of nozzles. This makes the outlet very compact and easy to manufacture.
  • a diameter of the nozzles 3 is preferably between 0.1 or 0.2 or 0.3 mm and 1.3 mm to 2 mm, in particular between 0.4 mm and 0.7 mm.
  • the length of the nozzles is, to achieve a laminar flow in the jet, at least twice the diameter.
  • a pressure of 10 bar to 50 bar, in particular from 15 bar to 25 bar is used as the operating pressure of the outlet, wherein the pressure is preferably substantially constant, that is not pulsating.
  • the half impact angle, relative to the vertical is preferably between 35 and 55 degrees, especially at 45 degrees. But it can basically be between zero and almost 90 degrees.
  • the pressure is adjustable by a user. Either the pressure is adjusted according to the user's control, or the user sets a desired value to which pressure is controlled by pressure regulation.
  • the outlet has at least one nozzle for producing a jet of water or liquid, and a movable or fixed atomizing body for atomizing this jet.
  • the beam is thus directed to the sputtering body.
  • a fixed atomizing body is fixedly attached to the outlet and is not movable with respect to the jet or the jets.
  • the sputtering body is movable along a line with respect to the at least one nozzle. This achieves a change in the atomization characteristic or the geometry of the droplet cloud produced during atomization.
  • the nozzle is directed to a different area of the sputtering body, depending on the position of the sputtering body along said line.
  • these areas have different properties, in particular a different orientation with respect to the beam and / or a different surface structure.
  • the atomizing body is rotatable about an axis of rotation with respect to the at least one nozzle.
  • Different functions can thus be achieved: Similar to the linear displacement, on the one hand, a differently shaped area of the sputtering body can also be rotated into the beam or the beams by a temporary rotation about the rotation axis, so that the sputtering characteristic is changed.
  • atomization can be achieved by a continuous rotation with a high rotational speed, without the liquid jet from the at least one nozzle having a particularly high pressure or a high speed or a high energy. This embodiment can thus be realized without an increase in pressure or pump.
  • FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a washing device 10.
  • This has an outlet 1 with at least one nozzle set 2.
  • the nozzle set 2 in turn has two or more nozzles 3.
  • the nozzles 3 of a nozzle set 2 are aligned so that the discharged liquid jets overlap each other and preferably meet at one point. As a result, the liquid is atomized and thus unfolds a high wetting effect.
  • the liquid is usually water, but also with one, several or all nozzles, another liquid or a mixture of water with another substance such as soap, disinfectant, etc. can be dispensed.
  • the liquid is preferably supplied to the outlet 1 via a hose 19 or generally via an outlet line, which is designed for the operating pressure of the outlet, that is able to withstand this operating pressure.
  • the outlet line can be permanently mounted.
  • the outlet may be a fixed shower or a hand-held and movable shower head or a shower head.
  • the liquid is heated by a heater 5, which has a power supply 13, and conveyed by a pump 6 and brought to an increased operating pressure.
  • the heater 5 is arranged in the flow direction in front of the pump 6, so that therefore the pump 6 is designed to convey the already heated water.
  • a microfilter 7 is arranged to prevent the nozzles 3 are clogged.
  • the supply of the liquid is a cold water supply 11.
  • the filter 7 is preferably provided for filtering particles with a size of more than 100, in particular more than 50 micrometers from the water or the liquid.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment, which has no heater 5, but instead is supplied via a mixer 8, with which water from a cold water supply 11 and a hot water supply 12 is mixed to a desired temperature.
  • a soap feed 15 is shown, via which soap can be added to the water by means of a mixing device 14.
  • soap other fluid or powdery additives can be mixed in this way.
  • the mixing device 14 is expediently switched on and off, so that it is possible to switch between a "soaping" operating mode with soap and a "rinsing" operating mode without soap.
  • the mixing device 14 must be arranged quite close to the shower head, so that after switching off the mixing device 14 as soon as possible only water leaves the shower head.
  • the amount of water delivered per unit time is increased, for example by switching between different nozzle sets 2, or by increasing the water pressure by the pump 6, or by varying the nozzle diameter ,
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a protective body 4.
  • a liquid jet which does not or only insufficiently meets another liquid jet, collected. This can happen especially when a nozzle is clogged or damaged.
  • the protective body 4 prevents the jet from striking the skin or the eyes directly.
  • the protective body 4 respectively corresponding formations of the outlet 1 are thus arranged so that they are each in the beam direction of the individual nozzles 3, but are not substantially affected by the atomized liquid in the normal operation of the outlet 1, so not substantially hinder the sprayed liquid.
  • FIG. 4 shows a structural unit 16 of a washing device.
  • the previously presented elements such as in particular the Heater 5, pump 6, microfilter 7, and optionally also mixing device 14 and soap supply 15, etc. summarized in a compact unit in a housing.
  • the housing has a power supply 13 and a cold water supply 11, and feeds the outlet 1 via the hose 19.
  • controls 18 may be arranged to control or regulate temperature and or pressure at a remote control unit 17 In another variant (dashed lines drawn) the controls 18 are arranged on the unit 16 itself.
  • the assembly 16 has the same elements except the pump 6 and is connected to an external pump for increasing the pressure.
  • the external pump may supply a plurality of such assemblies 16.
  • a washing device system according to this embodiment therefore has at least one structural unit 16 and an external pump and a pressurized water line for feeding the at least one structural unit 16 through the pump 6.
  • the pump 6 and the heater 5, triggered by the operating unit are preferably switched on. Since the heater 5 preferably has no memory, quasi-immediate, so without relevant heating time, hot water can be obtained.
  • the pump may be operated with a small delay of a few seconds, i. less than 2 or 5 or 10 seconds are turned on.
  • the pump 6 can be controlled in this time from standstill and gradually ramped up to the normal flow rate, so that the discharge temperature can be increased from the beginning.
  • the switching on and off of the washing device is controlled by an electrical switch or sensor at the outlet 1.
  • FIG. 5 shows a system with several washing devices 10.
  • each of the washing device 10 is on the assembly 16 only a cold water supply 11 and the power supply 13 before.
  • the washing devices 10 are arranged, for example, at several points of a building or a mobile car wash.
  • FIG. 6 shows a car wash or shower cubicle.
  • outlets 1 which are preferably supplied via a common supply unit 16 with heated pressurized water, arranged above and to the side of the washroom. It has been shown that this results quickly in a very good, homogeneous heat distribution and a pleasant shower feeling. The same effect is achieved with just one nozzle head when the shower cubicle remains closed.
  • the heat transfer to the body is very good.
  • the small drops warm the room air very quickly, which gives a homogeneous feeling of warmth.
  • the homogeneous heat distribution is a consequence of the fact that the air is warmed up quickly by the large surface of the drops. The drops cool down immediately because of their small mass. It quickly creates a temperature balance.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows an arrangement of two nozzles 3 in a plan view a), seen in the direction of a main direction of spray of the device, and in a side view b).
  • the aligned jets 21 of the liquid meet at a point of collision or point of impact 20.
  • the two jets 21 define a first plane.
  • the sprayed by the collision Drops of water form a spray body which is symmetrical to another plane, the second plane being substantially perpendicular to the first plane.
  • an angle ⁇ between the beams 21 and an angle bisector is drawn.
  • FIG. 8 shows the structure of a water disk, as it arises with colliding water jets. Like in the FIG. 7 The main direction is also in the FIG. 8 downward.
  • the parameters shown are: v o : jet velocity; r: distance impact point disk edge; 2 ⁇ : impact angle; h: thickness of the disk; 2R: beam diameter; ⁇ : angular position.
  • the nozzles and thus the generated liquid jets are generally round, but may also have a rectangular cross section or be generally of prismatic shape.
  • FIG. 9 schematically shows a perspective view of a nozzle set 2 with three nozzles 3.
  • nozzles 3 There are at the point of impact water disks whose planes, seen from above and at the same strong rays, in the bisector between the rays are.
  • more than three nozzles 3 may be arranged substantially on a circle and directed to the point of collision.
  • Each half of the nozzles 3 is supplied with liquid via a nozzle supply line 22 from the common pump 6.
  • the angle of impact ⁇ is in each case between the beams and the vertical axis of symmetry of the nozzle set 2.
  • the nozzle supply lines 22 are shown only schematically in the figure, in reality they are formed for example by cavities between individual parts of the outlet 1.
  • different nozzles 3 are supplied with different liquids, ie three nozzles with two or three different liquids.
  • Such different liquids are, for example, soaps, soap solutions, disinfectants, etc.
  • the outlet 1 on several nozzle sets, which are arranged in a row next to each other or on a circular arc or circle.
  • the outlet 1 has at least two nozzle sets, wherein the nozzles 3 are arranged at least approximately in one plane, and the impact points of the two nozzle sets 2 in a direction which is at least approximately perpendicular to this plane, spaced from each other
  • FIG. 10 schematically shows such an arrangement in a plan view a) and a side view b):
  • the jets 21 of each nozzle set 2, 2' define a plane of the nozzle set 2, 2 '.
  • the impact points of the two nozzle sets 2, 2 'are preferably spaced apart, but are both on the intersection line of the two planes.
  • FIG. 11 shows an outlet 1 with a soap feed 23.
  • the soap feed 23 is arranged in the outlet 1 above the impact point 20, so that the supplied soap drips or runs in the region of the impact point 20.
  • the soap is entrained by the clashing water jets and mixed.
  • the soap feed 23 is preferably controllable respectively switched on and off.
  • a control means for example a closure or a valve or a pump, which can be controlled, that is, switched on and off via a control line or by hand.
  • the soap feed as dosing on a buffer.
  • the buffer is filled in the operation of the control means with a certain amount of soap and then passes this amount successively back to the supplied water or, as in the FIG. 11 , to the impact point 20, until it is empty.
  • the soap may be liquid or powdery, and may be conducted closer to the impact point 23 with the soap dispenser 23, as indicated in the figure.
  • soap other fluid or powdery additives can be mixed in this way. It can also be fed gaseous additives or directed with a separate nozzle as a gas jet to the impact point 23 blown.
  • FIG. 12 shows a nozzle body 40 as part of an outlet 1.
  • the nozzles are formed by bores in a nozzle body.
  • three nozzles are shown, but combinations of two, four or more nozzles can be realized in the same way.
  • the nozzle body 40 is in one piece.
  • the nozzle body has an upper nozzle disk 41 and a lower nozzle disk 42, which are arranged rotatably relative to one another.
  • the two nozzle disks 41, 42 are pressed against each other for example by a central screw 45 and / or by a flange 46.
  • the Attachment to the outlet 1 can also be done with the central screw 45 and / or the flange 46.
  • the FIG. 12 shows the nozzle body 40 in cross-section and the two nozzle disks 41, 42 separately each in a plan view.
  • the nozzle body 40 is arranged in the outlet 1 so that the upper nozzle disk 41 is acted upon by the pressurized liquid, and the lower nozzle disk 42 points in the spray direction.
  • the upper nozzle disk 41 has a set of upper holes 43, and the lower nozzle disk 42 at least two sets of lower holes 44.
  • the position of the upper holes 43 is selectively with the position of one of the sets of lower holes 44 in Matched.
  • the upper nozzle disk 41 has a plurality of sets of upper bores 43 each fed with different liquids or liquid combinations.
  • the lower nozzle plate 42 has in this embodiment only a set of lower holes 44, and is connected by twisting with each one of the sets of upper holes 43, so that a different composition of the sprayed liquid results depending on the choice of the upper set of holes.
  • FIG. 13 shows a one-piece nozzle body 40 or a lower nozzle plate 42 in cross-section, as well as details of the nozzle openings.
  • the nozzle body 40 or the nozzle disk 42 is preferably made of metal or of a technical plastic, for example by injection molding, wherein the nozzle channels 48 preferably are formed by movable slides.
  • the plastic is for example polyoxymethylene (POM) or polyamide (PA) or polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and may be provided with deposits of other materials.
  • FIG. 14 shows a detailed view of a cross section through a first embodiment for the design of the nozzle openings, preferably using a two-component injection molding process.
  • a nozzle opening at the outer end of a nozzle channel 48 is formed by a protruding pipe section 46 of a softer plastic, which is overmolded by the harder technical plastic of the nozzle body 40 and the nozzle plate 42.
  • the softer plastic can be deformed by hand, so that limescale deposits break off.
  • FIG. 15 shows a detailed view of a cross section through the second embodiment for the design of the nozzle openings.
  • a nozzle opening at the outer end of a nozzle channel 48 is formed by a pipe section 47 made of metal, such as chrome steel, which is overmolded by the technical plastic of the nozzle body 40 and the nozzle plate 42.
  • the outlet openings of the nozzles can be designed with higher precision than would be possible in a production only made of plastic.
  • the nozzles are sufficiently long and have a smooth inner surface, whereby a laminar flow is achieved.
  • the nozzles are at least twice as long as their diameter.
  • the tear-off edges are suitably shaped at the end of the nozzle inside, preferably by forming a right angle. This is preferably true for all embodiments of the invention.
  • the pipe sections can be formed on a single piece of metal and molded together, as in the FIG. 16 shown.
  • the nozzle channels 48 may be formed in a disk-shaped or differently shaped insert 49.
  • the insert 49 is encapsulated with the plastic to form the nozzle body 40 and the nozzle disk 42, wherein the plastic has a continuation of the nozzle channels 48.
  • FIG. 17 shows an outlet 1 with a sputtering body 34.
  • the sputtering body 34 is linearly displaceable in the direction of an axis 33 and / or arranged rotatable about this axis 33.
  • a drive unit 32 effects this movement or movements and has one or two individual drives or motors for this purpose.
  • At least one nozzle 3 is directed to the sputtering body 34, so that during operation of the washing device 10, the liquid jet of this nozzle 3 strikes the sputtering body 34.
  • the beam strikes a differently oriented surface and / or a differently structured surface in accordance with the position of the sputtering body 34.
  • the FIG. 18 which is for example an ellipsoid of revolution, a beam on a sector of the surface with an elevation angle ⁇ with respect to the equator of the ellipsoid.
  • the impact angle of the beam on the sputtering body 34 and the average direction of the sputtered beam vary depending on the elevation angle ⁇ .
  • the sputtering body 34 has different surface structures along the displacement axis, so that different sputtering characteristics can be achieved by displacing the sputtering body 34.
  • the sputtering body 34 of the FIG. 17 have the surface for different areas of elevation angles ⁇ each other roughness.
  • FIG. 18 shows a sputtering body 34 with this property, but without having an ellipsoid as a basic shape.
  • the sputtering body 34 is substantially rotationally symmetric and / or prismatic with respect to the axis or axis of rotation 33.
  • each of the sectors has a different surface structure and one or more different orientations of the surface relative to a beam.
  • the sputtering body 34 is a rotary cylinder, that is, when displaced along the axis 33 has different surface structures at a constant impact angle and radiation angle.
  • Such an embodiment can be used rotating or non-rotating, in both cases by the displacement along the axis 33, the different surfaces of the sectors 341, 342, 343 are used.
  • Such a sputtering body 34 may be used with different modes of operation, and certain embodiments of the invention may be directed to only one of these modes: in a first mode of operation, the water or liquid jets 21 are generated in the high pressure nozzles 3 and become the linear one Displacement of the sputtering body 34 used to obtain different respectively dynamically variable sputtering properties. For this it is not absolutely necessary that the sputtering body 34 is also rotatable or rotated. The energy for sputtering comes from the high speed of the rays. By moving the sputtering body 34, whether by twisting and / or shifting, differently structured surface areas can be brought into the area of the jet 21.
  • the sputtering body 34 is rotatable about the rotation axis 33 at high speed.
  • the energy for atomization comes from the rotation of the sputtering body 34, so that the nozzles are operable with high pressure but also with low pressure, ie without a pump 6.
  • the atomizing body 34 may also be displaceable as in the first operating mode, but it may also not be displaceable.
  • FIG. 20 shows a sputtering body 34 in the form of an ellipsoid of revolution, with further sectors 344, 345, 346, with different surface structures.
  • different sectors 344, 345, 346 are hit by the beam 21.
  • the further sectors 344, 345, 346 correspond to different "longitudes", while the sectors 341, 342, 343 of the FIGS. 18 and 19 different "latitudes" or elevation angles ⁇ correspond.
  • FIGS. 21 and 22 show a disc as a sputtering body.
  • at least one nozzle 3 is aligned with a disk surface 36 or on the disk edge 37.
  • the disk surface 36 may have different surface structures depending on the radius, which in the FIG. 21 is indicated by a shaded area.
  • the disk surface 36 may also be profiled, which means that the disk surface 36 is not flat, but has a rotationally symmetrical profile in function of the radius. By displacing the nozzle 3 along the radius, different impact angles and radiation characteristics can also be achieved.
  • the disk surface 36 is according to another embodiment of the invention according to FIG. 23 arched, for example in the form of a spherical surface, so that the radiation angle depends on the radius of the impact point.
  • Suitable rotational speeds for rotating atomizing bodies 34 range from 5,000 to 200,000 revolutions per minute.
  • the rotational speed By varying the rotational speed, the average droplet size in the atomized jet is varied, the droplet size depending on the relative velocity between the jet and the atomizing body 34. It turns out that a droplet size of around 20 to 80 microns requires a relative speed of around 50 m / s. This means, for example, that for a standing atomizing body 34, the jet must have a speed of around 50 m / s. Conversely, if the jet has a velocity of only a few m / s, then the sputtering body 34 must move at the impact point at that velocity. For example, this means that a surface point of a 30 mm diameter disk or cylinder must rotate at approximately 30,000 revolutions per minute.
  • FIG. 24 shows pressures P and flow rates F for different nozzle diameters and number of nozzles.
  • the respective value X / Y stands for a number of nozzles X and nozzle diameter Y in millimeters, thus for example 2 / 0.7 for an arrangement with 2 nozzles of 0.7 mm diameter.
  • the maximum flow rate of the outlet is 3 l / min, and preferably 1.5 to 2 l / min, which corresponds to a heater having a heating power of about 3 kW.
  • 3 nozzles with a diameter of 0.4 mm are operated at a pressure of 20 bar.
  • Half the impact angle ⁇ is preferably 45 °.
  • Most, ie about 80% or more, of the droplets produced preferably have a diameter of less than 100 micrometers.
  • FIG. 25 shows a heating power requirement P in kW as a function of the generated temperature difference .DELTA.T in degrees for different water flow rates in liters per minute.
  • a flow rate of 14 l / min corresponds to a normal shower
  • 12 l / min correspond to an adjustable shower
  • 1.5 l / min correspond to one embodiment of the invention.
  • a continuous power of 25 kW is required at 12 liters / minute.
  • an optimal efficiency of the heating is assumed.
  • With a flow rate of 1.5 l / min only about 2 kW are needed.
  • FIG. 26 shows a heating power requirement for low flow rates of 1, 2 and 3 l / min, as can be realized according to the invention.
  • the maximum achievable values for heating capacities are shown: a lower horizontal at a first heating power of approx. 3.6 kW and an upper horizontal at a second heating power of approx. 6 kW. This corresponds to a supply of 230 or 400 volts at 16 amperes.
  • the shower water must be heated by around 20 to 35 degrees. This corresponds to the shaded area in the illustration. In this area, electrical flow heating can be used "on demand" with flow rates between 1 and 2 liters. For higher flow rates, a storage heater or boiler, or more efficient heating is required.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)
  • Bathtubs, Showers, And Their Attachments (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Domestic Plumbing Installations (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
  • Washing And Drying Of Tableware (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Control Of Washing Machine And Dryer (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Dispositif de lavage (10) pour une douche ou une table de lavage, pour délivrer de l'eau ou un mélange à base d'eau, le dispositif présentant au moins une sortie (1) permettant de projeter des liquides à un petit débit et une haute pression,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de lavage présente une pompe utilisée comme ensemble de refoulement (6) en vue d'augmenter avant la projection la pression de liquide à une pression de travail de la sortie, l'ensemble de refoulement (6) étant configuré pour refouler l'eau ou le liquide à une pression comprise entre 10 bars et 50 bars.
  2. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'ensemble de refoulement (6) est prévu pour refouler l'eau ou le liquide à une pression comprise entre 15 bars et 25 bars.
  3. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la sortie (1) fait partie d'une tête de douche et en ce que le débit maximum d'écoulement de la sortie est de 5 1/min ou la sortie (1) fait partie d'un robinet à eau et le débit maximum d'écoulement de la sortie est de 1 1/min.
  4. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la sortie (1) fait partie d'une tête de couche et le débit maximum de passage de la sortie (1) est de 1 1/min, 2 l/min ou 3 l/min.
  5. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la sortie (1) fait partie d'un robinet à eau et le débit maximum de passage de la sortie (1) est de 0,5 l/min.
  6. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, présentant un ensemble de chauffage (5) qui chauffe l'eau ou le mélange.
  7. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon la revendication 6, présentant une alimentation (11) en eau froide et une alimentation (13) en énergie pour l'ensemble de chauffage (5), mais pas d'alimentation en eau chaude.
  8. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon les revendications 6 ou 7, dans lequel l'alimentation (13) en énergie est une alimentation en énergie électrique et l'ensemble de chauffage (5) travaille selon le principe du passage en continu ou sans réserve particulière dans laquelle l'eau ou le mélange sont chauffés.
  9. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon les revendications 6 ou 7, dans lequel l'alimentation (13) en énergie est une alimentation en combustible fluide, en particulier en gaz combustible.
  10. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la sortie (1) présente au moins un jeu de tuyères (2) présentant au moins deux tuyères (3) qui forment des jets (21) de liquide se percutant mutuellement pour pulvériser le liquide ou les liquides.
  11. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'ensemble de refoulement (6) qui augmente la pression du liquide est une pompe entraînée manuellement.
  12. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une des revendications 6 à 11, dans lequel l'ensemble de refoulement (6) augmentant la pression du liquide est disposé en amont de l'ensemble de chauffage (5) dans la direction d'écoulement.
  13. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une des revendications 6 à 11, dans lequel l'ensemble de refoulement (6) augmentant la pression du liquide est disposé en aval de l'ensemble de chauffage (5) dans la direction d'écoulement.
  14. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le diamètre des tuyères (3) est compris entre 0,1 mm et 2 mm, en particulier entre 0,3 mm et 1,3 mm et de préférence entre 0,4 mm et 0,7 mm.
  15. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel un ensemble de chauffage (5) et un ensemble de refoulement (6) sont rassemblés en une unité compacte placée dans un boîtier.
  16. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la température de fourniture est limitée à une valeur prédéterminée, en particulier à 45°C, 50°C ou 55°C et, au cas où, la sonde des températures est prévue, la température de consigne ajustable manuellement de la régulation de température est également limitée à une telle valeur prédéterminée.
  17. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon la revendication 10, dans lequel un jeu (2) de tuyères est configuré ou utilisé de manière asymétrique grâce à au moins l'une des dispositions suivantes :
    au moins deux tuyères (3) d'un jeu (3) de tuyères sont déplacées l'une par rapport à l'autre de telle sorte que leurs jets ne se rejoignent pas exactement,
    au moins deux tuyères (3) d'un jeu (3) de tuyères présentent des diamètres différents,
    au moins deux tuyères (3) d'un jeu (3) de tuyères peuvent être utilisées à des pressions différentes.
  18. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1, 2, 10, dans lequel la pression peut être ajustée par l'utilisateur.
  19. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1, 2, 10, 17, 18, dans lequel lorsque le jeu de tuyères est utilisé, une partie prédominante des particules de liquide formées par la percussion des jets de liquide présente un diamètre inférieur à 100 micromètres.
  20. Dispositif de lavage (10) selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 19, présentant en outre un dispositif de mélange (14) qui mélange des liquides, en particulier de l'eau, un agent désinfectant ou un savon, avant la fourniture.
EP10004202.7A 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Dispositif de lavage Active EP2204508B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH01890/05A CH698604B1 (de) 2005-11-29 2005-11-29 Wascheinrichtung.
PCT/CH2006/000660 WO2007062536A2 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Installation sanitaire
EP06804885A EP1954893B1 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Installation sanitaire

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06804885.9 Division 2006-11-27
EP06804885A Division EP1954893B1 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Installation sanitaire

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2204508A2 EP2204508A2 (fr) 2010-07-07
EP2204508A3 EP2204508A3 (fr) 2015-01-28
EP2204508B1 true EP2204508B1 (fr) 2018-07-11

Family

ID=36123934

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06804885A Active EP1954893B1 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Installation sanitaire
EP10004202.7A Active EP2204508B1 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Dispositif de lavage
EP10004201.9A Withdrawn EP2204507A3 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Dispositif de lavage
EP10004506.1A Active EP2210987B1 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Dispositif de lavage

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06804885A Active EP1954893B1 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Installation sanitaire

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10004201.9A Withdrawn EP2204507A3 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Dispositif de lavage
EP10004506.1A Active EP2210987B1 (fr) 2005-11-29 2006-11-27 Dispositif de lavage

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (2) US8458826B2 (fr)
EP (4) EP1954893B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP2009517203A (fr)
CN (4) CN102518180A (fr)
AT (1) ATE470024T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2006319651B2 (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0619062B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2629565C (fr)
CH (1) CH698604B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502006007129D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2346692T3 (fr)
IL (1) IL191383A (fr)
MY (1) MY145378A (fr)
PL (1) PL1954893T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1954893E (fr)
RU (1) RU2439251C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007062536A2 (fr)
ZA (2) ZA200804290B (fr)

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US20130247295A1 (en) 2013-09-26
PL1954893T3 (pl) 2011-01-31
CN101316970B (zh) 2012-04-04
CA2629565C (fr) 2014-04-29
EP2210987B1 (fr) 2020-05-27
AU2006319651A1 (en) 2007-06-07
EP2210987A2 (fr) 2010-07-28
JP5955297B2 (ja) 2016-07-20
CH698604B1 (de) 2009-09-15
JP2009517203A (ja) 2009-04-30
CN102518181A (zh) 2012-06-27
EP2204507A3 (fr) 2015-02-18
US20080301869A1 (en) 2008-12-11
EP1954893B1 (fr) 2010-06-02
ZA200804290B (en) 2010-02-24
ES2346692T3 (es) 2010-10-19
WO2007062536A2 (fr) 2007-06-07
CA2629565A1 (fr) 2007-06-07
CN102587461B (zh) 2016-05-04
BRPI0619062A2 (pt) 2011-09-20
AU2006319651B2 (en) 2011-08-04
EP2204508A2 (fr) 2010-07-07
JP2014097379A (ja) 2014-05-29
MY145378A (en) 2012-01-31
RU2008125322A (ru) 2010-01-10
BRPI0619062B1 (pt) 2017-11-21
ZA200908041B (en) 2011-10-26
CN102518180A (zh) 2012-06-27
EP2204508A3 (fr) 2015-01-28
CN101316970A (zh) 2008-12-03
IL191383A (en) 2012-05-31
EP1954893A2 (fr) 2008-08-13
US8458826B2 (en) 2013-06-11
PT1954893E (pt) 2010-08-12
ATE470024T1 (de) 2010-06-15
RU2439251C2 (ru) 2012-01-10
CN102518181B (zh) 2015-09-16
EP2210987A3 (fr) 2016-08-17
DE502006007129D1 (de) 2010-07-15
CN102587461A (zh) 2012-07-18
EP2204507A2 (fr) 2010-07-07
US9303394B2 (en) 2016-04-05

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