Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
  • B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
  • B66B5/0012—Devices monitoring the users of the elevator system
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
  • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
  • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
  • B66B1/3415—Control system configuration and the data transmission or communication within the control system
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
  • B66B1/34—Details, e.g. call counting devices, data transmission from car to control system, devices giving information to the control system
  • B66B1/3415—Control system configuration and the data transmission or communication within the control system
  • B66B1/3423—Control system configuration, i.e. lay-out
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
  • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
  • B66B5/027—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions to permit passengers to leave an elevator car in case of failure, e.g. moving the car to a reference floor or unlocking the door

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a remote control system as defined in the preamble of claim 14.
• elevator safety regulations require that the actions needed to allow the elevator to re ⁇ cover from a shutdown situation should be carried out safely without causing a risk of injury, which is why these actions may only be performed by . authorized maintenance personnel.
• Typical shutdown situations are e.g. events where an elevator stops between floors, the door of an elevator car or a hoistway door does not open/close, or the elevator car does not start moving.
• the monitoring of elevator operation is arranged in a centralized manner such that, from a single re- mote monitoring station, the operational state of a plurality of elevators generally located in the neigh ⁇ borhood is maintained and/or monitored.
• remote monitoring stations are monitoring stations that take care of the reception and transmis- sion of elevator alarms, or in their more advanced form monitoring stations that also take care of eleva ⁇ tor condition monitoring and elevator surveillance.
• an alarm is transmitted to the remote monitoring station either automatically as an alarm activated by the ele ⁇ vator control system and/or manually, e.g. as an emer ⁇ gency call entered by an elevator passenger from in ⁇ side the elevator car.
• the monitoring staff Upon being notified about the operational shutdown of the elevator, the monitoring staff calls approved maintenance personnel to the place of alarm in accordance with the alarm request.
• the duty of the authorized maintenance personnel is to rescue all passengers trapped in the elevator car safely out of the car and to restore the elevator to the normal state of operation. This is often imple ⁇ mented by moving the elevator car to the nearest floor level with one or more of the elevator safety circuits bypassed (shunted) .
• a problem with monitoring arranged via a remote moni ⁇ toring station is that in operational shutdown situa ⁇ tions it may take unreasonably long for the mainte ⁇ nance personnel to reach the place of alarm, depending e.g. on the availability of maintenance personnel and their location relative to the place of alarm, smooth ⁇ ness of traffic in the area at different times of the day and many other external circumstances.
• re ⁇ gional problem situations such as widespread power failures, even earthquakes, may cause congestion in the transmission of maintenance requests and thus re ⁇ sult in elevator passengers remaining trapped and waiting in elevator cars even for several hours before getting out. Some of the passengers may experience anxiety and/or stress if they have to wait long to get out. There also occur catastrophes, e.g. fires and/or earthquakes, where trapped passengers are in mortal peril and therefore have to be rescued as quickly as possible out of the elevator car.
• Another problem is that an interruption of elevator operation may be caused by a minor and/or incidental fault that results in an operational shutdown situa ⁇ tion that only requires a very simple maintenance ac ⁇ tion for the elevator to recover, but nevertheless au ⁇ thorized maintenance personnel have to be called to the site to correct the fault, as stipulated by the safety regulations. This results in extra maintenance visits, costs and unnecessarily long interruptions in normal elevator operation.
• a problem with the prior-art solution is that it does not provide for comprehensive observation of the situation prevailing in the whole operating area of the elevator, but instead only aims at ensuring the safety of elevator passengers in the elevator car be ⁇ fore remote control actions are executed. Therefore, for example the situation prevailing in the elevator shaft is not taken into account.
• the use of on/off-type sensors for observing the status of opera ⁇ tional elements, such as the status of doors, can eas ⁇ ily lead to fatal errors if the sensors are defective and produce incorrect information about the actual state of the operational elements.
• the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-described drawbacks and to create a completely new type of solution for remote operation of elevators and fast recovery from operational shutdown situa- tions.
• a further object of the invention is to accom ⁇ plish at least one of the following objectives: prevent or at least preventively reduce interrup ⁇ tions of elevator operation caused by vandalism, improve personal safety for recovery from opera- tional shutdown situations. promote faster recovery from large operational shutdown situations comprising a plurality of ele ⁇ vators. enable remote operation of a plurality of elevators from the same place. save human lives in catastrophe situations, enable storage and subsequent analysis of events having taken place during operational shutdowns, for example to allow estimation of liabilities pos- sibly related to rescue operations. prevent danger situations arising from uncoordi ⁇ nated and simultaneous rescue operations executed from several different places, eliminate or at least reduce the number of unneces- sary maintenance visits to elevator sites.
• the method of the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 1.
• the remote control system of the invention is charac ⁇ terized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 14.
• Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is disclosed in the other claims.
• inventive embodiments are also presented in the description part and drawings of the present applica ⁇ tion.
• the inventive content disclosed in the applica ⁇ tion can also be defined in other ways than is done in the claims below.
• the inventive content may also con ⁇ sist of several separate inventions, especially if the invention is considered in the light of explicit or im ⁇ plicit sub-tasks or in respect of advantages or sets of advantages achieved.
• Operating area of an elevator refers to the spaces associated with the elevator, comprising the interior space of the elevator car, the eleva- tor shaft, possible machine room, the spaces above and below the elevator car, including the door ar ⁇ eas on the floor levels above and below the eleva ⁇ tor car. The safety of persons present in these spaces has to be ensured before elevator control actions are started.
• Risk of injury refers to a situation de ⁇ fined by elevator safety regulations and/or other corresponding instructions during which certain control actions executed from a remote terminal of a remote control system may lead to injury to ele ⁇ vator passengers and/or other persons present within the operating area of the elevator.
• RDF operation This term refers to an elevator op- erating mode wherein one or more of the safety cir ⁇ cuits of the elevator are bypassed.
• This term refers to different meth ⁇ ods for identifying the operator (user of the sys ⁇ tem) .
• Generally used identification methods are e.g. a user name in combination with a password, PIN codes and intelligent cards.
• the operating area of the ele ⁇ vator is imaged by one or more monitoring cameras so that all persons present in the operating area of the elevator can be perceived from the image information.
• the image information provided by the camera or cam ⁇ eras as well as the elevator status information is displayed on the display device of the remote termi ⁇ nal.
• the control action to be executed is selected on the basis of the image information and/or elevator status data. Based on the image information and/or elevator status data, the risk of injury associated with the control action is estimated. Execution of the control action is started from the remote terminal if this estimation indicates that the control action in- volves no risk of injury.
• the invention provides the advantage that elevator passengers can be rescued very quickly from an eleva ⁇ tor car. There is no need to wait for the arrival of maintenance personnel, but the required actions for rescuing the elevator passengers and/or recovery of the elevator from the operational shutdown situation can be started immediately.
• the invention also makes it possible to achieve a better than ordinary personal safety level, because the operating area of the eleva- tor can be monitored reliably and comprehensively by means of monitoring cameras from several points, if necessary even by using a plurality of cameras simul ⁇ taneously.
• it is .possible to prevent situations where elevator control and/or rescue actions are performed in an uncoordinated man ⁇ ner and simultaneously from several locations, such as e.g.
• the monitoring cameras can also be used to observe the operating area of the elevator in cases of catastrophe, such as fires and/or follow-up situations after earthquakes, when maintenance personnel may not be able to access the operating area of the elevator. According to the de ⁇ gree of seriousness of the situation prevailing in the elevator, the operator can immediately make an alarm and call e.g. the fire brigade or an ambulance to the place.
• the monitoring cameras can be used for overall safety control of the operating area of the elevator, thereby reducing interruptions of eleva- tor operation due to e.g. vandalism.
• a further advan ⁇ tage of the invention is that a single operator can control several different elevators from the same re ⁇ mote terminal and thus accelerate recovery from large failure situations. In catastrophe situations, prompt help can save human lives.
• the control actions are carried out in an operational shutdown situation of the elevator.
• the execution of the control action is observed by the aid of the image in ⁇ formation and/or elevator status data via the display device of the remote terminal during the execution of the control action. If a risk of injury is detected during the execution of the control action, then the execution of the control action is interrupted from the remote terminal .
• the method includes selection of the monitoring cameras whose image infor ⁇ mation is displayed simultaneously on the display de ⁇ vice of the remote terminal .
• At least one of the elevator safety circuits is bypassed from a remote terminal of the remote control system.
• control actions are executed in order to rescue elevator passengers from an elevator car.
• At least one of the following control actions are executed from the remote terminal: driving the elevator in normal mode to a floor level, stopping the elevator, opening/closing the landing door/elevator car door, opening/closing the brake of the elevator drive machine, operating the elevator in RDF mode.
• the activation of one or more control actions executed from the remote ter- minal is only allowed via authentication and a secure data communication link.
• the execution time of the control action started from the remote terminal of the remote control system is limited.
• the image information of one or more monitoring cameras is transmitted, in addition to the remote terminal of the remote control system, also to a guarding post of the property con ⁇ taining the elevator.
• two or more elevators can be controlled from one remote terminal.
• the operating area of the elevator is illuminated to improve the image in ⁇ formation.
• the image information of one or more monitoring cameras is stored for subse ⁇ quent analysis.
• the remote elevator control system of the invention comprises a remote terminal, one or more monitoring cameras as well as interface and data transfer means for the transmission of elevator status data and/or control commands between the elevator and the remote control system.
• the monitoring cameras are so directed that their combined image area substantially covers the operating area of the elevator so as to allow all persons present in the operating area to be detected by the monitoring camera or cameras.
• the remote termi- nal is provided with a display device for the display of image information and/or elevator status data, and the remote terminal contains means for starting eleva- tor control functions.
• the elevator status data in ⁇ clude e.g. elevator position in the elevator shaft, "open/closed" data relating to elevator doors, and many other items of information indicative of the status of operating elements of the elevator.
• the re ⁇ mote control system additionally comprises means for bypassing at least one of the elevator safety circuits from the remote terminal.
• the system comprises means for limiting the execution time of control functions started from the remote terminal.
• the system comprises data transfer means for the transmis ⁇ sion of the image information of one or more monitor ⁇ ing cameras to a guarding post of the property con- taining the elevator.
• the re ⁇ mote control system can be connected to two or more elevators.
• the system comprises means for illuminating the operating area of the elevator.
• the system additionally comprises means for storing the image information of one or more monitoring cameras .
• Fig. 1 represents a remote control system according to the invention.
• Fig. 2 presents a chain of inferences for the execu ⁇ tion of control actions in the remote control system of the invention.
• Fig. 1 represents an arrangement according to the in ⁇ vention wherein the elevator car 1 of an elevator moves in an elevator shaft 3 between floors 1, 2 and 3.
• the hoistway doors are indicated by reference num ⁇ ber 9 and the door of the elevator car by reference number 10.
• Reference number 5 indicates the elevator machine space, which may be a separate machine room and/or some other space arrangement comprised in the elevator, e.g. a space in the elevator shaft 3 ("ele ⁇ vator without machine room") .
• Placed in the machine space 5 is the elevator control system 14 and the ele ⁇ vator drive machine 13.
• the elevator is provided with monitoring cameras 2, installed in the machine space 5 as well as inside, on the top and at the bottom of the elevator car 1.
• the image information of the cameras 2 is transferred via data transfer means 11 to an inter ⁇ face unit 8.
• the interface unit 8 is connected to the elevator control unit 4 via data transfer means 12 and to a remote terminal 15 via data transfer means 16.
• Reference number Ia indicates communication means for guiding the passengers in the elevator car 1 in opera- tional shutdown situations.
• the communication means may consist of e.g. audio and/or video terminals con ⁇ nected to the remote control system via a physical and/or wireless data transfer link (not shown in Fig. 1) .
• Communication means Ia may also be provided else ⁇ where in the elevator, such as e.g. i.e. machine room, and/or in the elevator shaft.
• Reference number 17 in ⁇ dicates bypass cables for the shunting of safety cir ⁇ cuits. The normal car and floor level cables of the elevator are not shown in Fig. 1.
• Data transfer means 16 is preferably an Internet con ⁇ nection that allows the use of different encryption protocols for the set-up of a secure communication connection.
• the data transfer means 11, 12 and/or 16 may consist of physical data transfer means, or either partly or completely wireless data transfer means.
• the remote elevator control system of the invention consists of the remote terminal 15, interface unit 8, monitoring cameras 2, data transfer means 11, 12 and 16 and the bypass cables 17. Moreover, illuminating means (not shown in Fig. 1) can be added to the system to illuminate the operating area of the elevator.
• the remote terminal may preferably be a PC computer or some other corresponding programmable terminal.
• the remote terminal comprises a display device 15a and control means 15b for the execution of elevator con ⁇ trol functions.
• Reference number 15c indicates storage means for the storage of the image information for subsequent use.
• the remote terminal may be placed at a remote monitoring station or at the same property where the elevator or elevators to be controlled are located.
• the remote terminal may also be a portable terminal carried by a serviceman.
• the interface unit 8 may be a separate unit, preferably e.g. a PC computer, but it may also be integrated either partly or com- pletely with the elevator control system or a group control system controlling a plurality of elevators .
• the interface unit 8 receives the camera information from the monitoring cameras 2 and transmits it to the remote terminal.
• the interface unit also receives and transmits elevator status data and/or control commands between the remote terminal and the elevator control system 14.
• Reference number 8a indicates a supervision unit, by means of which it is possible to limit the execution time of control commands entered from the remote terminal e.g. in the event of failure of the data transfer means.
• bypass signals of the bypass cable 17 are controlled by the interface unit 8 and/or the elevator control system 14 as required by safety circuit bypass commands issued from the remote termi ⁇ nal.
• the safety circuits to be bypassed include e.g. drive machine holding brake, door lock circuit, door contactor circuit, emergency stop.
• the elevator car 1 moves between the floor levels 1,2,3, driven by the elevator drive machine 13 controlled by the control system 14.
• the control system receives calls from the call buttons on different floor levels and/or from the floor buttons in the elevator car or from the group control system controlling an elevator group of a plurality of elevators (the buttons and the group control system are not shown in Fig. 1) .
• the hoistway door 9 and the car door 10 are gener ⁇ ally opened automatically to allow passengers to enter and/or exit from/to the floor.
• the control unit 14 sends the remote ter ⁇ minal information regarding the disturbance via data transfer means 12 and 16. The disturbance information automatically activates the remote terminal .
• the op ⁇ erator executes control actions from the remote termi- nal to allow the system to recover from the opera ⁇ tional shutdown situation. If the operator is unable to carry out the required control actions from the re ⁇ mote terminal, then he will alarm the elevator mainte- nance personnel, calling them to the place of alarm.
• Fig. 2 presents an example of the steps of remote op ⁇ eration according to the invention.
• Step 101 The remote terminal receives alarm data from an elevator and automatically activates the control software required for remote control actions.
• the sys ⁇ tem notifies the operator as to which elevator has caused an alarm, giving the type of alarm and/or ele- vator status data, and displays the image information of the monitoring cameras on the display device of the remote terminal.
• the remote terminal requests the op ⁇ erator to enter a user name and/or password (operator authentication) . Depending on the rights conferred on the user name, some of the control actions to be exe ⁇ cuted from the remote terminal may be disabled.
• Step 102 The operator makes a decision as to the con ⁇ trol actions required and infers from the image infor- mation of the monitoring cameras placed on the eleva ⁇ tor and/or from the elevator status data whether the control actions to be entered from the remote terminal of the elevator involve a risk of injury to persons present in the operating area of the elevator. If a risk of injury exists, then the operator interrupts remote operation and calls authorized maintenance per ⁇ sonnel to the place of alarm (step 102) .
• Step 103 and 105 The operator observes the image in- formation of the monitoring camera placed inside the elevator car to determine whether passengers are pre ⁇ sent in the elevator car or not. If passengers are present in the elevator car, then the operator informs the passengers regarding remote control actions (step 5) and then starts the execution of a remote control action from the remote terminal (step 108) . If no pas- sengers are present in the elevator car, then the op ⁇ erator carries out control actions according to step 104.
• Step 104 The operator drives the elevator (in normal operating mode) to one of the floor levels. If opera ⁇ tion fails, then the operator checks the states of the safety circuits (step 106) from the remote terminal. If operation succeeds, then the operator leaves the elevator in operating readiness and terminates remote control (step 113) .
• Step 106 The operator checks the states of the eleva ⁇ tor safety circuits from the remote terminal. If the safety circuits are "closed” (normal operating state) , then the operator interrupts remote operation and calls authorized maintenance personnel to the place of alarm (step 109) . If one of the safety circuits is "open”, then the operator drives the elevator in RDF operating mode by bypassing safety circuits (step 107) .
• Step 107 The operator bypasses the safety circuits preventing RDF operation and enters an RDF operation command.
• Step 108 The operator starts normal operation from the remote terminal to drive the elevator to a floor level if the safety circuits do not prevent the opera ⁇ tion. If the elevator can be successfully driven, then the operator terminates remote operation (step 113) . If operation is unsuccessful, then the operator car- ries out an inference procedure according to step 110.
• Step 110 The operator checks from the remote terminal whether the main voltage supply of the elevator has been disconnected, whether the elevator safety cir- cuits are damaged, or whether a risk of injury exists when the elevator is operated. If one of these condi ⁇ tions is true, then the operator interrupts remote op ⁇ eration and calls authorized maintenance personnel to the place of alarm (step 109) , otherwise the operator activates RDF operation (steps 111 and 112) .
• Step 109 The operator interrupts remote operation and calls authorized maintenance personnel to the place of alarm.
• Steps 111 and 112 The operator bypasses the safety circuits preventing RDF operation, drives the elevator in RDF operating mode to the closest floor level, opens the hoistway door at the floor in question and/or the elevator car door from the remote terminal to let the passengers out of the elevator car.
• the op ⁇ erator disables operation of the elevator for the time being and calls authorized maintenance personnel to the place of alarm (step 109) .
• Step 113. The operator registers the failure situa ⁇ tion, leaves the elevator in normal operating readi ⁇ ness and terminates remote operation.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
• Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
• Elevator Control (AREA)
• Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)

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• 2004
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  • 2005-10-26 WO PCT/FI2005/000458 patent/WO2006048497A1/en active Application Filing
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