EP1292115B1 - Verfahren zur Verschiebung eines Bildes oder Papiers zur Verminderung des Durchscheinens in doppelseitigem Drucken - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Verschiebung eines Bildes oder Papiers zur Verminderung des Durchscheinens in doppelseitigem Drucken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1292115B1
EP1292115B1 EP02255881A EP02255881A EP1292115B1 EP 1292115 B1 EP1292115 B1 EP 1292115B1 EP 02255881 A EP02255881 A EP 02255881A EP 02255881 A EP02255881 A EP 02255881A EP 1292115 B1 EP1292115 B1 EP 1292115B1
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Prior art keywords
error
image
determining
sheet
margin
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EP02255881A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1292115A2 (de
EP1292115A3 (de
Inventor
Brian R. Conrow
David M. Kerxhalli
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Xerox Corp
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Xerox Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/40—Picture signal circuits
    • H04N1/409—Edge or detail enhancement; Noise or error suppression
    • H04N1/4095—Correction of errors due to scanning a two-sided document, i.e. show-through correction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/00002—Diagnosis, testing or measuring; Detecting, analysing or monitoring not otherwise provided for
    • H04N1/00026—Methods therefor
    • H04N1/00031—Testing, i.e. determining the result of a trial
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N1/00002—Diagnosis, testing or measuring; Detecting, analysing or monitoring not otherwise provided for
    • H04N1/00026—Methods therefor
    • H04N1/00045—Methods therefor using a reference pattern designed for the purpose, e.g. a test chart
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N1/00002—Diagnosis, testing or measuring; Detecting, analysing or monitoring not otherwise provided for
    • H04N1/00026—Methods therefor
    • H04N1/00053—Methods therefor out of service, i.e. outside of normal operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N1/00002—Diagnosis, testing or measuring; Detecting, analysing or monitoring not otherwise provided for
    • H04N1/00026—Methods therefor
    • H04N1/00063—Methods therefor using at least a part of the apparatus itself, e.g. self-testing
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    • H04N1/00002—Diagnosis, testing or measuring; Detecting, analysing or monitoring not otherwise provided for
    • H04N1/00071—Diagnosis, testing or measuring; Detecting, analysing or monitoring not otherwise provided for characterised by the action taken
    • H04N1/00082—Adjusting or controlling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04N1/00002—Diagnosis, testing or measuring; Detecting, analysing or monitoring not otherwise provided for
    • H04N1/00092—Diagnosis, testing or measuring; Detecting, analysing or monitoring not otherwise provided for relating to the original or to the reproducing medium, e.g. imperfections or dirt
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/04—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
    • H04N1/047—Detection, control or error compensation of scanning velocity or position
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N1/00—Scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, e.g. facsimile transmission; Details thereof
    • H04N1/04—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa
    • H04N1/12—Scanning arrangements, i.e. arrangements for the displacement of active reading or reproducing elements relative to the original or reproducing medium, or vice versa using the sheet-feed movement or the medium-advance or the drum-rotation movement as the slow scanning component, e.g. arrangements for the main-scanning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N2201/024—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted
    • H04N2201/028—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up
    • H04N2201/03—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted
    • H04N2201/031—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof deleted for picture information pick-up deleted deleted
    • H04N2201/03104—Integral pick-up heads, i.e. self-contained heads whose basic elements are a light source, a lens and a photodetector supported by a single-piece frame
    • H04N2201/03108—Components of integral heads
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    • H04N2201/04—Scanning arrangements
    • H04N2201/047—Detection, control or error compensation of scanning velocity or position
    • H04N2201/04701—Detection of scanning velocity or position
    • H04N2201/04715—Detection of scanning velocity or position by detecting marks or the like, e.g. slits
    • H04N2201/04717—Detection of scanning velocity or position by detecting marks or the like, e.g. slits on the scanned sheet, e.g. a reference sheet
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    • H04N2201/04701—Detection of scanning velocity or position
    • H04N2201/04729—Detection of scanning velocity or position in the main-scan direction
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    • H04N2201/04701—Detection of scanning velocity or position
    • H04N2201/04732—Detecting at infrequent intervals, e.g. once or twice per line for main-scan control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/04—Scanning arrangements
    • H04N2201/047—Detection, control or error compensation of scanning velocity or position
    • H04N2201/04753—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity
    • H04N2201/04756—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity by controlling the position or movement of the sheet, the sheet support or the photoconductive surface
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    • H04N2201/04—Scanning arrangements
    • H04N2201/047—Detection, control or error compensation of scanning velocity or position
    • H04N2201/04753—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity
    • H04N2201/04758—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity by controlling the position of the scanned image area
    • H04N2201/04767—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity by controlling the position of the scanned image area by controlling the timing of the signals, e.g. by controlling the frequency o phase of the pixel clock
    • H04N2201/04768—Controlling the frequency of the signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H04N2201/04—Scanning arrangements
    • H04N2201/047—Detection, control or error compensation of scanning velocity or position
    • H04N2201/04753—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity
    • H04N2201/04789—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity in the main-scan direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/04—Scanning arrangements
    • H04N2201/047—Detection, control or error compensation of scanning velocity or position
    • H04N2201/04753—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity
    • H04N2201/04791—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity in the sub-scan direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to scanning, transmission or reproduction of documents or the like, and to details thereof
    • H04N2201/04—Scanning arrangements
    • H04N2201/047—Detection, control or error compensation of scanning velocity or position
    • H04N2201/04753—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity
    • H04N2201/04793—Control or error compensation of scanning position or velocity using stored control or compensation data, e.g. previously measured data

Definitions

  • This invention is directed to methods of reducing show through error in duplex printing.
  • Duplex printing i.e. printing in which an image is formed on both sides of a sheet of paper or other image receiving substrate, can be performed using a variety of known systems.
  • duplex printing can be conducted with a system that forms images on both sides of a sheet at a single transfer station.
  • the sheet is inverted.
  • a second image is then formed on a second side of the sheet by passing the inverted sheet through the same transfer station.
  • Positioning an image on one side of a sheet in a manner that coincides with the position of the image on the other side of the sheet can be difficult.
  • Registration of a first image on a first side of a sheet with a second image on a second side of a sheet is not always accurate because of one or more registration errors that offset the first image relative to the second image.
  • a page number printed on the bottom-center position of the first side of a two-sided, printed document should align exactly with the page number printed on the reverse side.
  • the offset of the page number on the second side of a sheet with respect to the page number on the first side of the sheet is a registration error that is extremely undesirable, and considered unacceptable in various printing industries.
  • the first image that appears on the first side of the sheet and the second image that appears on the second side of the sheet are positioned so that identical images printed on both sides of the sheet are coincident with each other.
  • two identical images printed on both sides of a sheet of paper form mirror images of each other since each image is printed with no apparent offset from the other.
  • an image on the front side of a sheet would appear to be in perfect or transparent registration with the corresponding image on the back side of the sheet.
  • the "show through" error that occurs when transparent registration is not achieved can be quantified by measuring of the displacement between two points, one on a first side of the sheet and one on a second side of the sheet, that are intended to be equidistant from a common sheet edge. This error is caused, at least in part, by the factors identified above. The portion of the error associated with paper shrinkage is often caused by fusing a printed image on the first side prior to printing of an image on the second side.
  • a method of reducing show-through error in duplex printing comprises
  • This invention provides systems and methods that make margin adjustments to reduce the effects of show-through in duplex printing.
  • This invention can reduce show through error in duplex printing that compensate for different paper types and sizes or resulting from paper shrinkage or growth.
  • This invention can also reduce setup errors that occur when adjusting simplex and duplex magnification errors and compensate for errors that result from paper shrinkage caused by fusing during duplex printing.
  • show through is reduced by performing registration setup to adjust a pixel clock frequency and/or a photoreceptor belt or drum speed, determining an amount of residual magnification error after performing registration setup, determining margin shifts to reduce the amount of residual magnification error, and applying the margin shifts.
  • paper shrink effects on registration can be compensated for using determinations made during a typical printer setup. Show through errors can be reduced without using a paper conditioner to pre-shrink or re-wet the paper.
  • the relationship between first side image and the second side image is evaluated to determine how the position of the paper and/or the size and arrangement of an image can be manipulated to compensate for the paper shrinkage effects caused by fusing.
  • the process direction is the direction in which a sheet moves through a printing apparatus, or the direction parallel to movement from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the sheet.
  • the lateral direction is perpendicular to the process direction.
  • Process magnification error is magnification error in an image measured in the process direction
  • lateral magnification error is magnification error in an image measured in the lateral direction.
  • the image is subsequently fused to a sheet of paper, and the paper, along with the images on the paper, shrinks, thereby compounding the magnification errors.
  • the original photoreceptor belt or drum speed error the pixel clock frequency error and the error caused by paper shrinkage.
  • the first-formed image passes through the fuser one more time than does the second-formed image, there is also a difference between the magnification error in the image on the first side of the sheet and the magnification error in the image on the second side of the sheet.
  • the photoreceptor belt or drum speed and the pixel clock frequency are adjusted to correct for the average of the first side and second side magnification errors. Since this adjustment accounts for both machine errors and paper shrink errors, there are intentional residual errors, referred to herein as residual magnification errors, that remain for both the photoreceptor belt or drum speed and the pixel clock frequency. Residual errors are permitted to remain to ensure that the resultant images on a sheet, after accounting for the paper shrink during fusing, are the correct size. Due to residual errors, the first and second images formed on the photoreceptor belt or drum after the setup adjustments would, if measured, have a magnification error.
  • This error has a linearly increasing effect on registration when moving from the leading edge of a sheet to the trailing edge of the sheet in the process direction and from the Start-of-Scan (SOS) sensor to the End-of-Scan (EOS) sensor in the lateral direction.
  • SOS Start-of-Scan
  • EOS End-of-Scan
  • registration occurs at the outboard edge and the leading edge of the sheet for the first side, and at the outboard edge and the trailing edge of the sheet for the second side.
  • the residual magnification errors can affect process registration on the second side.
  • a margin shift is invoked to compensate for the setup errors due to the residual magnification error, as well as for the show through errors.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a sheet 100 on which a registration test pattern has been printed.
  • the horizontal and vertical axes of the sheet 100 are referred to relative to the direction that the sheet moves through a printing apparatus.
  • the process length (PL) is the length of an edge of the sheet 100 that runs parallel to the direction that the sheet 100 is fed through a printing apparatus.
  • the lateral width (LW) of the sheet 100 is the length of an edge of the sheet 100 that runs perpendicular to the direction that the sheet 100 is fed through a printing apparatus.
  • the four edges of a sheet 100 can also be described relative to the direction that the sheet 100 moves through the printing apparatus.
  • the outboard edge 135 and the inboard edge 140 are the edges that define the process length.
  • the outboard edge 135 can refer to the edge of the sheet 100 that is closest to the registration surface of the printing apparatus, and the inboard edge 140 to the opposite edge, i.e., the edge that is farthest from a registration surface.
  • the leading edge 125 and the trailing edge 130 are the edges that define the lateral width of the sheet 100.
  • the leading edge 125 is the forward edge as the sheet 100 moves through a printing apparatus, and the trailing edge 130 is the opposite edge.
  • margin corrections towards different edges of the sheet 100 can be assigned positive or negative values. Adjustments towards the inboard and leading edges 140 and 125 of the sheet 100 can be assigned a negative value. Adjustments towards the outboard and trailing edges 135 and 130 can be assigned a positive value.
  • the signs and names assigned to various aspects of the sheet 100 are not intended to limit the systems and methods according to the invention. The methods of this invention can be readily applied to any duplex printing apparatus for printing on any type of substrate, regardless of the names given to define various parts of the sheet 100.
  • Various exemplary embodiments of the systems and methods according to this invention include performing a setup operation to adjust the pixel clock frequency and/or the photoreceptor belt or drum speed, determining an amount of residual magnification error after performing the setup operation, determining margin shifts to compensate for residual magnification and/or registration error, and applying the margin shifts.
  • the photoreceptor belt or drum speed and/or the pixel clock frequency are adjusted as necessary to adjust for the average of the first side and second side magnification errors. After this adjustment, there are residual magnification errors that remain for both the photoreceptor belt or drum speed and the pixel clock frequency. In other words, the images on the photoreceptor belt or drum would, if measured, have a magnification error.
  • the registration is "perfect" at the outboard edge of the first side and the second side, at the leading edge of the first side, and at a distance x from the leading edge of the second side, depending on the size sheet used in the setup operation.
  • Table 1 shows the errors that remain because of the residual magnification errors and the paper shrink rates.
  • PL refers to the process length of the sheet being printed on
  • LW refers to the lateral width of the sheet being printed on.
  • the residual process magnification error is referred to as c P .
  • the first pass shrink rate of the sheet being printed on in the process direction is referred to as f 1P .
  • the first pass shrink rate of the sheet being printed on in the lateral direction is referred to as f 1L .
  • a distance from the leading edge of the second side where the registration error is zero is designated as x .
  • the systems and methods according to this invention determine the errors as outlined below, and apply a margin shift to reduce the effects of show through that result from these errors.
  • Table 1 Process Lateral Side 1 Registration Error at Registration Edge 0 0 Side 2 Registration Error at Registration Edge (PL - x ) * c P 0 Minimum Show Through Error at Registration Edge (absolute value) (PL - x ) * c p 0 Maximum Show Through at Non-Registration Edge (absolute value) PL * (c P + f 1P ) x * c P -LW * f 1L
  • performing the registration setup operation includes, among other things, printing a registration test image on both a first side and a second side of a sheet, obtaining data by measuring the first image on the first side and the second image on the second side, analyzing the measurement data, and adjusting the pixel clock frequency error and/or the photoreceptor belt or drum speed error based on the analyzed data.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart outlining one exemplary embodiment of a method for reducing show-through in duplex printing according to this invention.
  • step S1000 operation continues to step S2000, where the setup operation is performed to adjust one or both of the pixel clock frequency and/or the photoreceptor belt or drum speed.
  • step S3000 an amount of residual magnification error is determined.
  • step S4000 the margin shifts are determined that would compensate for the determined residual magnification and registration error.
  • step S5000 the margin shifts are applied.
  • step S6000 operation ceases.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart outlining one exemplary embodiment of a method for performing the setup operation of step S2000. Accordingly, beginning in step S2000, operation continues to step S2100, where a registration test image is printed on each of the first and second sides of the sheet.
  • the registration test pattern comprises four cross-hairs 105, 110, 115 and 120 printed in the corners of the sheet 100.
  • various measurements of the relationship between the position of the marks 105, 110, 115 and 120 of the test pattern, and the position of the test pattern on the sheet 100 are performed for both sides of a duplex printed sheet.
  • the registration test pattern can be any pattern that permits useful measurements of the first and second images and their positions on the sheet 100 to be made. Any suitable known or later developed pattern that permits measurement of parameters of an image that are usable in the systems and methods according to this invention can be used as the registration test image. However, the registration test image should, at least, permit the sizes of the first side image and the second side image in the lateral and process directions to be measured and thus compared.
  • various image parameters can be measured during the setup operation. These image parameters can include, but are not limited to, image squareness, image skew, lateral magnification, process magnification and image-to-paper position.
  • step S2200 data is obtained by measuring the first image on the first side and the second image on the second side.
  • Obtaining the data can include any suitable known or later developed method of measuring the sizes of the first and second images and determining the positions of the first and second images on the sheet 100. Measurements can be taken by any known or later developed, manual or automated method.
  • obtaining the data can include storing the data into any suitable storage or memory device, including, but not limited to, electronic memory.
  • Obtaining the data can also include accessing data that has already been obtained, stored or recorded in prior processes.
  • step S2300 the obtained data is analyzed. Analyzing the data can include any known or later developed, manual or automated process of evaluating the obtained data. Analyzing the data can include employing the data in any routine or algorithm that will provide adjustments to overcome magnification error associated with pixel clock frequency error and photoreceptor belt or drum speed error. Operation then continues to step S2400.
  • step S2400 the pixel clock frequency and/or the photoreceptor belt or drum speed are adjusted. Adjusting the pixel clock frequency and/or the photoreceptor belt or drum speed includes any suitable known or later developed method of adjusting the pixel clock frequency and/or the photoreceptor belt or drum speed, using the adjustments obtained in analyzing the data. Adjusting pixel clock frequency and/or photoreceptor belt or drum speed also includes any mechanical or electrical manipulations used to that are made to alter the pixel clock frequency and/or the photoreceptor belt or drum speed. This also includes any electronic or mechanical processes for implementing the adjustments. Then, in step S2500, operation returns to step S3000.
  • Figure 4 is a flowchart outlining one exemplary embodiment of a method for determining the amount of residual error of step S3000.
  • step S3000 some of the measurements obtained during the setup operation, as illustrated above, are used to determine the relationship between the sizes of the first side and second side images, and thus the total effect of magnification error on the duplex printed document on the copy sheet.
  • the determination of residual magnification error is performed with regard to the process direction only, because the effect of the residual lateral magnification errors on the first side and the second side are often equal and opposite, and thus, cancel each other out.
  • step S3100 the process magnification error is determined.
  • the process magnification error is a value that illustrates the difference between the nominal size of an image in the process direction and the actual size of that image when printed on a first side of a two-sided document.
  • the first pass shrink rate is a value that illustrates the effect of fusing after printing an image on a first side of a two-side document.
  • the process first pass shrink rate can be determined by comparing the difference between the actual size of an image printed on a first side of a two-sided document and the actual size of an image printed on a second side of a two-sided document, in the process direction.
  • the lateral first pass shrink rate can be determined by comparing the difference between the actual size of an image printed on a first side of a two-sided document and the actual size of an image printed on a second side of a two-sided document, in the lateral direction.
  • a net shrink rate for a sheet of paper to be printed on is assigned or determined.
  • the role of the sheet of paper itself must be included in the determination.
  • the net shrinkage of that sheet of paper in the process direction is some percentage, y, of the first pass shrink rate in the process direction P PS1 . While this percentage could be determined for each and every sheet that is printed, this is generally impracticable. Alternatively, a general rate for all sheets of paper could be used.
  • a value is assigned for each different type or size of paper that is used.
  • the value y that is assigned to each paper is stored in the non-volatile memory of a printer.
  • the shrink error is defined as a negative value.
  • a negative magnification error means the image is larger than the nominal image and a negative shrink error means the image is smaller than the nominal image.
  • the net shrink rate of an individual sheet of paper illustrated by the value y, is included.
  • separate values of y are assigned for different types and sizes of paper.
  • a default value for y is assigned.
  • the value assigned for y is 0.30. The inventors of this invention have determined by testing a variety of papers that 0.30 is a usable default value for a variety of papers.
  • step S3400 the initial photoreceptor belt or drum speed error is determined.
  • the measured magnification error on the first side is attributed to many factors.
  • four factors or sources of error are included in the determination. These sources of error include (1) the original photoreceptor belt or drum speed error, (2) the shrinkage that occurs during the first pass through the fuser, (3) the shrinkage that occurs during the second pass through the fuser, and (4) the re-acclimation of the sheet of paper.
  • first side process shrink error can be attributed to many factors or sources of error.
  • the sources of error include (1) the shrinkage that occurs during the first pass through the fuser, (2) the shrinkage that occurs during the second pass through the fuser, and (3) the re-acclimation of the sheet of paper.
  • step S3500 the initial photoreceptor belt or drum speed error can be compared with the actual adjustments made to the photoreceptor belt or drum speed in the course of the setup operation.
  • the photoreceptor belt or drum speed adjustment rate is a ratio of (1) the difference between the adjusted photoreceptor belt or drum speed and the original photoreceptor belt or drum speed to (2) the original photoreceptor belt or drum speed.
  • step S3500 After the residual magnification error is determined in step S3500, operation continues to step S3600, where operation returns to step S4000.
  • Determining the margin shift in view of the residual magnification error includes measuring a length and a width of the sheet of paper to be printed on, determining a total margin shift to reduce show through based on the amount of residual magnification error, and assigning portions of the total margin shift to the first and second sides.
  • the margin shift usable to adjust for the registration error must be determined and the margin shifts that compensate for residual magnification error must be determined. Further, margin shifts for lateral and/or process residual magnification errors must be determined for the first and second sides of the sheet.
  • Figure 5 is a flowchart outlining one exemplary embodiment of a method for determining the margin shift according to step S4000. As illustrated in Figure 5 , beginning with step S4000, operation continues to step S4100, where the process length PL and lateral width LW of the sheet of paper to be printed on are determined. The process length PL and the lateral width LW can be determined by any suitable method.
  • step S4200 a margin shift to compensate for the registration error at the process registration edge of the second side is determined.
  • second side process registration may be affected by a difference in size between the sheet that was used during the setup operation and the sheet being printed on.
  • a margin shift is implemented on the second side to account for this effect.
  • a margin shift to compensate for show through effects at the leading and trailing edges of the sheet is determined.
  • the process show through error like the lateral show through, increases linearly as the distance from the lateral registration edge increases.
  • Minimum show through refers to the amount of show through at the registration edge of the sheet, and maximum show through refers to the amount of show through at the opposite non-registration edge.
  • the margin shift is determined to reduce the maximum show through on the sheet.
  • the expected minimum and maximum show through values are averaged for a given type and size of paper. This average show through is then partially compensated for by shifting the first side image and partially compensated for by shifting the second side image.
  • step S4400 the distribution of this margin shift between the amount that will be applied to shift the first side image and the amount that will be applied to shift the second side image is determined.
  • the total margin shift can be distributed in any suitable manner.
  • the first side image is shifted toward the trailing edge of the sheet to compensate for show through error in the process direction.
  • half of the margin shift is applied to the shift the first side image and half of the margin shift is applied to shift the second side image.
  • z is equal to 0.5.
  • the second side image is shifted toward the trailing edge of the sheet to compensate for show through error in the process direction.
  • the margin shift can vary for every sheet, as first pass shrink rate varies.
  • a determination of the process margin shift for every single sheet that is printed is not performed. Accordingly, as indicated above with regard to lateral margin shift, general or default assumptions about the general sheet of paper can be made.
  • determining the margin shift also includes determining a margin shift to compensate for show through effects at the inboard and outboard edges of a sheet.
  • the lateral show through error at any point on the page increases linearly as the distance of that point from the lateral registration edge increases.
  • Minimum show through refers to the amount of show through at the registration edge of the page.
  • maximum show through refers to the amount of show through at the opposite non-registration edge.
  • the margin shift is determined to reduce the maximum show through on the page.
  • step S4600 the distribution of this margin shift between the amount that will be applied to shift the first side image and the amount that will be applied to shift the second side image in the lateral direction is determined. Then, in step S4700, operation returns to step S5000.
  • the first side image is shifted toward the inboard edge of the sheet to compensate for show through error in the lateral direction.
  • the total margin shift can be distributed in any suitable manner.
  • half of the margin shift is applied to shift the first side image and half of the margin shift is applied to shift the second side image, i.e. w equals 0.5.
  • the margin shift applied to the first and second side images would thus be one-half of the lateral show through margin shift for side one and negative one-half of the lateral show through margin shift for side two.
  • the second side image is shifted toward the outboard edge of the sheet to compensate for show through error in the lateral direction.
  • all values needed to determine the various margin shifts can be determined during the setup operation and stored in the non-volatile memory of the printing device.
  • the measurements and determinations can be made at least in part by the user.
  • values for the lateral width, the process length, and the weight of a sheet of paper can be obtained on a sheet by sheet basis to make adjustments to margin shifts associated with the various types of sheets.
  • step S5000 in which the margin shift is applied, includes applying the second side process registration margin shift S RP2 and each of the lateral and process, first and second side magnification margin shifts S LS1 , S LS2 , S PS1 and S PS2 to shift the positions of the first side and second side images on the first and second sides of the sheet, respectively, to reduce show through.
  • the margin shifts can be applied in any sequence, simultaneously or any combination thereof. Applying the margin shifts can include any manual or automated process of manipulating the sheet or printing apparatus to achieve the desired margin shifts.
  • FIG. 6 is a functional block diagram of one exemplary embodiment of the control system 200 according to this invention, usable to generate and apply the margin shifts discussed above, and to controllably output the shifted image data to an image forming engine 300 based on the determined margin shifts.
  • the control system 200 includes an input/output interface 215, a controller 220, a non-volatile memory 230, a system memory 235, a setup circuit or routine 240, a residual magnification error determining circuit or routine 250, a margin shift determining circuit or routine 260, and a margin shift applying circuit or routine 270, interconnected by a data/control bus or the like 280.
  • One or more input devices 205 are connected by a link 290 with the input/output interface 215.
  • each of the system memory 230 and the non-volatile memory 235 can be implemented using either or both of alterable or non-alterable memory.
  • the alterable portions of the memories 230 or 235 are each, in various exemplary embodiments, implemented using static or dynamic RAM.
  • the alterable portions of each of the memories 230 and 235 can also be implemented using a floppy disk and disk drive, a writable optical disk and disk drive, a hard drive, flash memory or the like.
  • the non-alterable portions of the memories 230 and 235 are each, in various exemplary embodiments, implemented using ROM.
  • non-alterable portions can also be implemented using other non-volatile memory, such as PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, an optical ROM disk, such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM, and disk drive, or other non-alterable memory, or the like.
  • PROM PROM
  • EPROM EPROM
  • EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • an optical ROM disk such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM, and disk drive, or other non-alterable memory, or the like.
  • those memories 230 and 235 can each be implemented using any appropriate combination of alterable, volatile, or non-volatile memory or non-alterable or fixed memory.
  • the alterable memory whether volatile or non-volatile, can be implemented using any one or more of static or dynamic RAM, a floppy disk and disk drive, a writable or re-writable optical disk and disk drive, a hard drive, flash memory or the like.
  • the non-alterable or fixed memory can be implemented using any one or more of ROM, PROM, EPROM, EEPROM, an optical ROM disk, such as a CD-ROM or a DVD-ROM disk and disk drive or the like.
  • control system 200 shown in Figure 6 can be implemented as a portions of a programmed general purpose computer used to control the overall operation of the image forming engine.
  • the control system 200 can be implemented using an ASIC, a FPGA, a PLD, a PLA, or a PAL, or using physically distinct hardware circuits, such as discrete logic elements or discrete circuit elements.
  • the particular form the controller 220 shown in Figure 6 will take is a design choice and will be obvious and predictable to those skilled in the art.
  • the control system 200 can be implemented as a portion of a software program usable to form the overall control system of the image forming engine.
  • each of the controller 220 and the various circuits or routines 240-270 can be implemented as software routines, objects and/or application programming interfaces or the like.
  • the one or more input devices 205 will include any one or more of a keyboard, a keypad, a mouse, a track ball, a track pad, a touch screen, a microphone and associate voice recognition system software, a joy stick, a pen base system, or any other known or later-developed system for providing control and/or data signals to the control system 200.
  • the input device 205 can further include any manual or automated device usable by a user or other system to present data or other stimuli to the control system 200.
  • the link 290 can be any known or later-developed device or system for connecting the input device 205 to the control system 200, including a direct cable connection, a connection over a wide area network or a local area network, a connection over an intranet, a connection over the Internet, or a connection over any other known or later-developed distributed processing network or system.
  • the link 290 can be any known or later-developed connection system or structure usable to connect the input device 205 to the control system 200.
  • the user operates the control system 200 to cause the image forming engine to print a registration test image, such as that shown in Figure 1 , on the first and second sides of a sheet.
  • the user then operates the input device 205 to submit measurements obtained from the registration test image to the control system 200.
  • the measurements can include, but are not limited to, image squareness, image skew, lateral magnification, process magnification and image-to-paper position.
  • the various measurements obtained from the registration test image are then stored by the controller 220 in one or both of the non-volatile memory 230 and the system memory 235.
  • the controller 220 then accesses at least some of the measurements stored in one or both of the non-volatile memory 230 and the system memory 235 and supplies the accessed measurements to the setup routine or circuit 240.
  • the setup routine or circuit 240 under control of the controller 220 and in cooperation with the image forming engine 300, adjusts the photoreceptor belt or drum speed and/or the pixel clock frequency as necessary to adjust for the average of the first side and second side magnification errors.
  • the controller 220 Upon completion of the setup operation performed by the setup routine or circuit 240, the controller 220 stores the data generated by the setup circuit or routine 240, including but not limited to the nature and extent of the adjustments to the pixel clock frequency and/or the photoreceptor belt or drum speed, in one or both of the non-volatile memory 230 or the system memory 235.
  • the adjustment data is then output under the control of the controller 220 through the input/output interface 215 by the link 290 and the data/control bus or the like 290 to the image forming engine 300.
  • the controller 220 then provides at least some of the data stored in one or both of the non-volatile memory 230 or the system memory 235 to the residual magnification error determining circuit or routine 250.
  • the residual magnification error determining circuit or routine 250 under control of the controller 220, determines first pass shrink rates and an amount of residual magnification error.
  • the controller 220 stores at least the values for first pass shrink rates and the amount of residual error determined by the residual magnification error determining circuit or routine 250 in one or both of the non-volatile memory 230 or the system memory 235.
  • the controller 220 then accesses at least some of the data stored in one or both of the non-volatile memory 230 or the system memory 235 and provides the accessed data to the margin shift determining circuit or routine 260.
  • the margin shift determining circuit or routine 260 under the control of the controller 220, determines margin shifts to reduce registration error and to reduce show through error.
  • the controller 220 Upon completion of the margin shift determining operation by the margin shift determining circuit or routine 260, the controller 220 then stores the values for registration margin shift and process and lateral show through margin shifts and first and second sides determined by the margin shift determining circuit or routine 260 in one or both of the non-volatile memory 230 or the system memory 235.
  • the controller 220 then accesses at least some data from one or both of the non-volatile memory 230 or the system memory 235 and provides the accessed data to the margin shift applying circuit or routine 270.
  • the margin shift applying circuit or routine 270 under the control of the controller 220, generates data usable by the image forming engine 300 and/or by the controller 220, or another controller (not shown) that controls supplying image data or desired paper position to the image forming engine 300, to adjust the image position by applying the margin shifts determined by the margin shift determining circuit or routine 260.
  • the margin shift applying data is output, under the control of the controller 220, through the input/output interface 215 over the link 290 to the image forming engine 300, or to the other controller.
  • the controller 220 transfers the margin shift applying data from the margin shift applying circuit or routine 270 into the one or both of the non-volatile memory 230 or the system memory 235 for later use by the controller 220 in modifying the image data based on the determined margin shifts.

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Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zum Vermindern eines Durchscheinfehlers beim Duplexdrucken, umfassend:
    Ermitteln von Größen und Positionen einer Abbildung einer ersten Seite und einer Abbildung einer zweiten Seite eines duplexbedruckten Bildaufzeichnungsmediums;
    Ausführen eines Einrichtvorgangs, um einen Vergrößerungsfehler basierend auf Eingangsmessungen zu ermitteln und eine Pixeltakt-Frequenzeinstellung und/oder eine Fotorezeptor-Geschwindigkeitseinstellung zu ermitteln;
    Ermitteln eines Umfangs eines Vergrößerungsrestfehlers auf der Basis der ermittelten Größen und Positionen;
    Ermitteln von Randverschiebungen, um den Durchscheinfehler infolge der Vergrößerungs- und Ausrichtrestfehler basierend auf dem ermittelten Umfang des Vergrößerungsrestfehlers zu verringern; und
    anschließendes Anwenden der ermittelten Randverschiebungen, während des Druckens der Bilddaten.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem das Ausführen des Einrichtvorgangs umfasst:
    Drucken der Abbildung der ersten Seite auf eine erste Seite des Bildaufzeichnungsmediums und der Abbildung der zweiten Seite auf die zweite Seite des Bildaufzeichnungsmediums;
    Beziehen von Größen- und Positionsdaten durch Messen der Abbildung auf der ersten Seite und der Abbildung auf der zweiten Seite;
    Analysieren der Größen- und Positionsdaten; und
    Einstellen der Pixeltaktfrequenz und/oder der Fotorezeptorgeschwindigkeit auf der Basis der analysierten Größen- und Positionsdaten.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem das Ermitteln des Umfangs des Vergrößerungsrestfehlers umfasst:
    Ermitteln eines Vergrößerungsfehlers für die erste Seite auf der Basis der Größen- und Positionsdaten;
    Ermitteln einer Erstdurchlauf-Verkleinerungsrate auf der Basis der Größen- und Positionsdaten;
    Zuweisen einer Netto-Verkleinerungsrate für das Bildaufzeichnungsmedium;
    Ermitteln eines anfänglichen Pixeltakt-Frequenzfehlers und/oder eines Fotorezeptor-Geschwindigkeitsfehlers auf der Basis des ermittelten Vergrößerungsfehlers für die erste Seite, der zugewiesenen Netto-Verkleinerungsrate und der ermittelten Erstdurchlauf-Verkleinerungsrate; und
    Ermitteln des Umfangs des Vergrößerungsrestfehlers, der nach der Einrichtung verbleibt, auf der Basis des ermittelten anfänglichen Pixeltakt-Frequenzfehlers.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, bei dem das Ermitteln einer Erstdurchlauf-Verkleinerungsrate das Ermitteln einer Erstdurchlauf-Verkleinerungsrate für eine seitliche Richtung und einer Erstdurchlauf-Verkleinerungsrate für eine Verarbeitungsrichtung umfasst.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, bei dem das Zuweisen einer Netto-Verkleinerungsrate für das Bildaufzeichnungsmedium das Zuweisen separater Netto-Verkleinerungsraten zu jedem von wenigstens zwei unterschiedlichen Typen von Bildaufzeichnungsmedien oder das Zuweisen einer Netto-Verkleinerungsrate umfasst, die mit einem beliebigen Bildaufzeichnungsmedium verwendet werden kann.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Ermitteln der Randverschiebungen zur Verringerung des Durchscheinfehlers infolge eines Vergrößerungs- und Ausrichtrestfehlers umfasst:
    Ermitteln einer Verarbeitungslänge und einer seitlichen Breite eines Bildaufzeichnungsmediums, auf das gedruckt werden soll;
    Ermitteln einer Ausrichtrandverschiebung, um einen Ausrichtfehler zu verringern, basierend auf der ermittelten Verarbeitungslänge und dem ermittelten Vergrößerungsrestfehler;
    Ermitteln einer Gesamtrandverschiebung, um ein Durchscheinen zu verringern, auf der Basis des Umfangs des Vergrößerungsrestfehlers; und
    Zuweisen eines ersten Teils und eines zweiten Teils der Gesamtrandverschiebung zu der ersten bzw. der zweiten Seite.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, bei dem das Zuweisen des ersten Teils und des zweiten Teils der Gesamtrandverschiebung zur ersten und zweiten Seite das Zuweisen einer Hälfte der Gesamtrandverschiebung zur ersten Seite des Blattes und einer Hälfte der Gesamtrandverschiebung zu zweiten Seite des Blattes umfasst.
  8. Steuersystem zum Steuern einer Duplexdruckvorrichtung, wobei die Vorrichtung einen optischen Rasterscanner, ein Fotorezeptorband oder eine Fotorezeptortrommel und eine Aufschmelzeinrichtung hat und das Steuersystem enthält:
    eine Eingabevorrichtung;
    eine Eingangs-/Ausgangsschnittstelle;
    eine Steuereinheit;
    wenigstens einen Speicher;
    eine Einrichtschaltung oder -routine, die einen Vergrößerungsfehler auf der Basis von Eingangsmessungen ermittelt und eine Pixeltakt-Frequenzeinstellung und/oder eine Fotorezeptor-Geschwindigkeitseinstellung ermittelt;
    eine Vergrößerungsrestfehler-Ermittlungsschaltung oder -routine, die einen Vergrößerungsrestfehler auf der Basis von Eingangsmessungen ermittelt;
    eine Randverschiebungs-Ermittlungsschaltung oder -routine, die Randverschiebungen auf der Basis von Eingangsmessungen und des ermittelten Vergrößerungsrestfehlers ermittelt; und
    eine Randverschiebungs-Anwendungsschaltung oder -routine, die die ermittelten Randverschiebungen anwendet.
  9. Steuersystem nach Anspruch 8, bei dem die Einstellschaltung oder routine die Pixeltaktfrequenz und die Fotorezeptorgeschwindigkeit auf der Basis des ermittelten Vergrößerungsfehlers einstellt.
  10. Steuersystem nach Anspruch 8 oder 9, das dazu eingerichtet ist ein Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7 auszuführen.
EP02255881A 2001-08-27 2002-08-22 Verfahren zur Verschiebung eines Bildes oder Papiers zur Verminderung des Durchscheinens in doppelseitigem Drucken Expired - Fee Related EP1292115B1 (de)

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US09/682,379 US6667756B2 (en) 2001-08-27 2001-08-27 Method of shifting an image or paper to reduce show through in duplex printing
US682379 2001-08-27

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DE60236057D1 (de) 2010-06-02
MXPA02008310A (es) 2005-09-08
EP1292115A2 (de) 2003-03-12
CA2398863A1 (en) 2003-02-27
US20040036847A1 (en) 2004-02-26
US6806896B2 (en) 2004-10-19
US20030043256A1 (en) 2003-03-06
CA2398863C (en) 2009-08-11
EP1292115A3 (de) 2004-03-17
US6667756B2 (en) 2003-12-23

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