EP1058777B1 - Ölansaugsystem für eine brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einen einzylinder-dieselmotor - Google Patents
Ölansaugsystem für eine brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einen einzylinder-dieselmotor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1058777B1 EP1058777B1 EP99967005A EP99967005A EP1058777B1 EP 1058777 B1 EP1058777 B1 EP 1058777B1 EP 99967005 A EP99967005 A EP 99967005A EP 99967005 A EP99967005 A EP 99967005A EP 1058777 B1 EP1058777 B1 EP 1058777B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- suctioning
- valve
- pipes
- control valves
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M1/00—Pressure lubrication
- F01M1/02—Pressure lubrication using lubricating pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/03—Mounting or connecting of lubricant purifying means relative to the machine or engine; Details of lubricant purifying means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/06—Means for keeping lubricant level constant or for accommodating movement or position of machines or engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
- F01M2011/007—Oil pickup tube to oil pump, e.g. strainer
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
- F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
- F01M11/0004—Oilsumps
- F01M2011/007—Oil pickup tube to oil pump, e.g. strainer
- F01M2011/0075—Oil pickup tube to oil pump, e.g. strainer with a plurality of tubes
Definitions
- the invention relates to an oil intake system for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object to provide an oil intake system which the Avoids the disadvantages mentioned above and which in particular sensitive enough to also suck in air To be avoided reliably in the case of strong inclinations.
- the oil intake system has at least three Oil intake pipes with at least four intake heads are connected to the oil pump via a suction pipe and the in the oil pan are arranged in such a way that the Internal combustion engine sucking air through in the oil intake pipes arranged control valves is prevented.
- the control valves are advantageous than known per se Plate valves (DE-C-711575 or DE-B-1054292) are formed and arranged so that when "normal" horizontal Position of the oil pan are open. With extreme inclination the oil pan, however, are only those control valves opened, which are wetted with oil. All other control valves remain closed.
- the oil intake system according to The present invention is in existing internal combustion engines easy to retrofit by simply using the oil pan and the normal suction basket are to be dismantled and the latter through the oil intake system according to the present invention is replace.
- the regulation of the control valves can be mechanical or in another suitable manner.
- An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that three oil intake pipes are arranged in an H-shape and the have two suction heads on each side tube. By this arrangement ensures that in any tilt position There is enough oil at least at one corner of the oil pan is to ensure a suction of oil without air.
- the intake manifold can be centered over a Flange with the connecting pipe between the two Side tubes can be arranged.
- Oil intake system can by the X, Z or square arrangement of the oil intake pipes are formed. It is important that at all corners of the oil pan, in which the oil level can collect at inclined positions, there is at least one suction head. Depending on the shape the oil pan can do this, for example, by a triangular, polygonal or star - shaped arrangement of the Oil intake pipes may be possible.
- Another advantageous embodiment of the present Invention provides that the suction heads against one Have the floor facing the suction opening. Without one such a design would have to have no air to suck, a minimum oil level the size of the Pipe diameter are available. An even lower oil level is only in accordance with the oil intake openings below the advantageous embodiment possible.
- an advantageous embodiment provides that a check valve at the transition between the intake manifold and Oil pump seat is arranged to idle the Intake manifold and pump room closed when the engine is stopped prevent.
- Fig. 1 is an embodiment of an inventive Oil intake system shown, which in an oil pan 24th is installed.
- the oil pan 24 is located in one Oblique position, so that the oil level S1 only the Suction head 19 of the tube 28 is washed around.
- the H-shaped trained oil intake system consists of three Oil intake pipes 26, 27, 28, each one axially displaceable sliding rod 1, 2, 3 have valve plates 4 at each of their two ends, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are arranged.
- the valves of the oil intake pipe 27 are open, although they are not wet with oil. To suck in air This is prevented by valve plate 4 and valve seat 30 formed valve of the tube 26 closed and that on arranged at the other end of the push rod Valve plate 5 and valve seat 31 formed valve opened.
- the valve rod 1 is via the axial bearings 10, 11 axially displaceable.
- the oil intake pipe 28 has how already mentioned, the opened by valve plate 8 and Valve seat 34 formed control valve and by Valve plate 9 and valve seat 35 formed closed Control valve on. Both valve plates 8, 9 are on the axially displaceable sliding rod 3 connected in the bearings 14, 15 is movably mounted.
- the two Side tubes 27, 28 also have filter screens 20, 21, 22, 23 on.
- the bearings 12, 13 of the slide rod 2 in Tube 27 shown.
- At the ends of the slide bar 2 are valve plates 6, 7 with the valve seats 32, 33 arranged.
- the oil flow is shown in Fig. 1 by the arrows 36.
- the outlet opening 29 is also shown in FIG. 1, which are arranged centrally on the top of the suction pipe 26 is and with the suction pipe 43, not shown, also Oil pump 45, not shown, is connected.
- the inclined position shown moves the valve plates 5 and 8 due to gravity in their open position, the valve plates 4 and 9 via the slide rods 1 and 3 are moved to their closed position. This ensures that in the now only on Intake head 19 open intake system no air is sucked in becomes.
- the position of the valves in the oil intake pipe 27 is in the oblique position shown in Fig. 1 irrelevant, since the Tube 27 completely through the closed valve plate 4 from remaining oil intake system and thus in particular from the Exit opening 29 is uncoupled.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows the oil intake system from FIG. 1 in a side cut, which is on the crankcase 52 attached oil pan 24 is in the horizontal position, i.e. the oil level S2 is parallel to the tub floor 40.
- the valve plates 4, 5 of the tube 26 both open, i.e. lifted off the valve seats 30, 31.
- the pipes 27 and 27 connected to pipe 26 via flanges 25 28 and the slide rods 2, 3 are in section shown.
- Between the Crankcase 52 and the oil pan 24 is also one Fixed support plate 41, which has a plurality of openings 42, that allow unhindered oil flow.
- the plate 41 has a suction pipe 43 for an oil pump 45, as shown, a gear pump, the Housing is attached to the plate 41. That from the pump 45 oil pumped to the point of use of the machine into a pressure pipe 46.
- the suction pipe 43 is at the lower end formed as a flange 44 which for attaching a elongated, parallel to the bottom 40 of the tub 24 arranged, hollow and cylindrical tube 26 is used.
- the Tube 26 has a mounting flange for this purpose 49. Inside the flange 44 is on a pin 50 tiltable plate valve 51 is provided, which in the rest position the machine rests on the flange 49 and the Reflux of the oil from the suction pipe 43 and the pump 45 prevented.
- a slide rod 1 Slidably mounted axially parallel.
- two bearings 10, 11, e.g. Ball bearing, in two perforated cross flanges 47, 48 of the Tube 26 provided.
- the rod 1 carries one at each end flat valve plate 4, 5, each with a Valve seat 30, 31 formed annular surface at each end of the tube 26 cooperates.
- Fig. 3 shows the oil intake system according to FIG. 2, but in tilted position so that the oil level S3 in the right lower corner.
- This is the case, for example, when a vehicle drives up a steep slope and the Oil pan 24 an approximately at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal assumes an inclined position.
- the oil collects in the lower right corner of the oil pan 24, the oil level S3 again lies horizontally.
- the rod 1 takes Effect of gravity the position shown in Fig. 2 in which the valve plate 5 from the valve seat 31 is moved away and the oil supply to the pump 45 via that in oil fully immersed tube 28 and the arranged thereon Suction heads 18, 19 takes place.
- the oil pump 45 can also in this extreme inclination of a vehicle and thus also the oil pan 24 of the internal combustion engine no air, but just suck in oil.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein Ölansaugsystem gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung im Schnitt;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Seitenansicht aus Richtung A-A in Fig. 1 im Schnitt, wobei sich die Ölwanne in horizontaler Lage befindet und
- Fig. 3
- eine Ansicht gemäß Fig. 2, jedoch bei gekippter Ölwanne.
Claims (6)
- Ölansaugsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einen Einzylinder-Dieselmotor, der einen Ölwanne (24) und eine Ölförderpumpe (45) aufweist, wobei das Ansaugsystem mindestens drei Ölansaugrohre (26, 27, 28) mit mindestens vier Ansaugköpfen (16, 17, 18, 19) aufweist, die über ein Saugrohr (43) mit der Ölförderpumpe (45) verbunden sind und die in der Ölwanne (24) derart angeordnet sind, dass bei Schräglage der Brennkraftmaschine das Ansaugen von Luft durch den Ölansaugrohren zugeordnete Regelventile verhindert wird, und wobei die Regelventile durch unter Schwerkraft verschiebbare Verschiebestangen (1, 2, 3) betätigt werden, und wobei die Regelventile Ventilschließelemente umfassen, die mit Ventilsitzen (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35) zusammenwirken,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ventilschließelemente durch Ventilplatten (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) gebildet sind, die mit den Ventilsitzen (30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35) zusammenwirken, und daß die Rohrenden und die Regelventile in den Ecken der Ölwanne angeordnet sind, wobei jeweils zwei Ventilplatten mit einer Verschiebestange verbunden sind. - Ölansaugsystem nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß drei Ölansaugrohre (26, 27, 28) H-förmig angeordnet sind und die beiden Seitenrohre (27, 28) an deren Enden je zwei Ansaugköpfe (16, 17, 18, 19) aufweisen. - Ölansaugsystem nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ölansaugrohre X-, Z- oder viereckförmig angeordnet sind. - Ölansaugsystem nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ansaugköpfe (16, 17, 18, 19) jeweils eine gegen den Wannenboden (40) gerichtete Ansaugöffnung aufweisen. - Ölansaugsystem nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an den Ansaugköpfen (16, 17, 18, 19) Filtersiebe (20, 21, 22, 23) angeordnet sind. - Ölansaugsystem nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Rückschlagventil (29, 51) zwischen Saugrohr und Ölpumpe angeordnet ist, um das Leerlaufen des Saugrohr- und Pumpenraums bei Motorstillstand zu verhindern.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19860381A DE19860381A1 (de) | 1998-12-28 | 1998-12-28 | Ölansaugsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einen Einzylinder-Dieselmotor |
DE19860381 | 1998-12-28 | ||
PCT/EP1999/010361 WO2000039436A1 (de) | 1998-12-28 | 1999-12-23 | Ölansaugsystem für eine brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einen einzylinder-dieselmotor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1058777A1 EP1058777A1 (de) | 2000-12-13 |
EP1058777B1 true EP1058777B1 (de) | 2004-10-13 |
Family
ID=7892883
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99967005A Expired - Lifetime EP1058777B1 (de) | 1998-12-28 | 1999-12-23 | Ölansaugsystem für eine brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einen einzylinder-dieselmotor |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6260534B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1058777B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002533611A (de) |
DE (2) | DE19860381A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000039436A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021213688A1 (de) | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-07 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Ölansaugung in einem Getriebegehäuse eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
Families Citing this family (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100432020B1 (ko) * | 2001-08-21 | 2004-05-17 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 차량의 오일공급장치 |
DE10105435A1 (de) * | 2001-02-07 | 2002-08-29 | Porsche Ag | Ölauffangvorrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
DE10206268A1 (de) * | 2002-02-15 | 2003-08-28 | Man Nutzfahrzeuge Ag | Ölrücklaufsperre |
JP2004084553A (ja) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-18 | Yamaha Motor Co Ltd | スノーモービルにおける潤滑装置 |
FR2860548B1 (fr) * | 2003-10-07 | 2007-05-25 | Renault Sa | Crepine d'alimentation pour pompe a l'huile |
DE102005048559A1 (de) * | 2005-10-11 | 2007-04-19 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Ölabsaugsystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
JP2007263069A (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-11 | Makita Numazu Corp | 携帯型4サイクルエンジン及びこれを搭載した作業機 |
EP1990508B1 (de) * | 2007-05-07 | 2015-07-08 | Volvo Car Corporation | Ölzufuhrsystem |
DE102007034488A1 (de) | 2007-07-24 | 2009-01-29 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Ölansaugsystem für die Ölversorgung eines Fahrzeugaggregats |
US8146561B2 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2012-04-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Dynamic engine oil pickup system |
KR101014439B1 (ko) * | 2008-10-06 | 2011-02-14 | 기아자동차주식회사 | 오일팬 어셈블리 장치 |
DE102010015326A1 (de) * | 2010-04-17 | 2011-10-20 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Vorrichtung zum Absaugen von Schmiermittel |
CN102322312A (zh) * | 2011-08-10 | 2012-01-18 | 王荣海 | 一种单缸柴油机机油滤清器 |
CN103511019B (zh) * | 2012-06-15 | 2016-12-21 | 苏州科瓴精密机械科技有限公司 | 发动机供油系统 |
CN103061848B (zh) * | 2013-01-25 | 2016-02-03 | 苏州科瓴精密机械科技有限公司 | 发动机的吸油机构 |
FR3025832B1 (fr) * | 2014-09-11 | 2019-05-31 | Renault Sas | Crepine de moteur a combustion interne |
DE102015208205A1 (de) * | 2015-05-04 | 2016-11-10 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Ölkreis einer Brennkraftmaschine |
DE102016119507A1 (de) * | 2016-10-13 | 2018-04-19 | Man Diesel & Turbo Se | Ölbehälter einer Brennkraftmaschine |
CN106640265B (zh) * | 2016-11-28 | 2019-08-02 | 江苏四达动力机械集团有限公司 | 一种防倾斜吸空机油收集器 |
JP6776962B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-16 | 2020-10-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車載エンジンのオイル供給装置 |
US10495120B2 (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-12-03 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Intake valve to eliminate air ingestion |
GB2592617B (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2022-06-22 | Perkins Engines Co Ltd | Tunnel type sump with oil intake valve assembly |
USD921045S1 (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2021-06-01 | Apq Development, Llc | Oil pick-up assembly |
US11028741B1 (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2021-06-08 | Apq Development, Llc | Oil pick-up assembly |
USD916152S1 (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2021-04-13 | Apq Development, Llc | Compression limiter |
US11078958B1 (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2021-08-03 | Apq Development, Llc | Compression limiter |
CN112983593A (zh) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-06-18 | 重庆骐速科技有限公司 | 一种自动适应发动机倾斜的油底壳系统 |
DE102021212083A1 (de) * | 2021-10-26 | 2023-04-27 | Mahle International Gmbh | Ansaugeinrichtung |
US20230406472A1 (en) * | 2022-06-15 | 2023-12-21 | The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of Homeland Security | Self-orienting suction point for fluid transportation |
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DE711575C (de) * | 1936-02-24 | 1941-10-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Schmiereinrichtung fuer Kraftfahrzeuge |
DE1054292B (de) * | 1956-10-08 | 1959-04-02 | Tecalemit Ges M B H Deutsche | Druckoelspeicher fuer Zentralschmierungseinrichtungen |
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DE1238270B (de) * | 1965-07-07 | 1967-04-06 | Karl Lohmann | Vorrichtung zur selbsttaetigen Steuerung der Ansaugleitung einer Schmieroelpumpe von Brennkraftmaschinen |
IT964897B (it) * | 1972-08-08 | 1974-01-31 | Lancia E C Fabbrica Automobili | Dispositivo per garantire l aspira zione di fluidi da serbatoi appli cati su veicoli |
DE2701939A1 (de) * | 1977-01-19 | 1978-07-20 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Schmiervorrichtung fuer brennkraftmaschinen zur sicheren oelversorgung bei schraeglagen |
DE2732474C3 (de) * | 1977-07-19 | 1980-02-14 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag, 8000 Muenchen | Saugkorb für das Saugrohr einer Schmiermittelpumpe |
FR2639405A1 (fr) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-05-25 | Peugeot | Dispositif de prelevement de liquide dans une capacite et en particulier dispositif de puisage de carburant dans le reservoir d'un vehicule automobile |
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EP0887520B1 (de) * | 1997-06-26 | 2002-08-21 | Ishikawajima-Shibaura Machinery Co., Ltd. | Schmierölversorgungsanlage für Viertaktbrennkraftmaschine |
-
1998
- 1998-12-28 DE DE19860381A patent/DE19860381A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-12-23 WO PCT/EP1999/010361 patent/WO2000039436A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-23 JP JP2000591309A patent/JP2002533611A/ja active Pending
- 1999-12-23 US US09/622,315 patent/US6260534B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-23 EP EP99967005A patent/EP1058777B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-23 DE DE1999510839 patent/DE59910839D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE711575C (de) * | 1936-02-24 | 1941-10-03 | Gen Motors Corp | Schmiereinrichtung fuer Kraftfahrzeuge |
DE1054292B (de) * | 1956-10-08 | 1959-04-02 | Tecalemit Ges M B H Deutsche | Druckoelspeicher fuer Zentralschmierungseinrichtungen |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021213688A1 (de) | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-07 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Ölansaugung in einem Getriebegehäuse eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59910839D1 (de) | 2004-11-18 |
JP2002533611A (ja) | 2002-10-08 |
WO2000039436A1 (de) | 2000-07-06 |
DE19860381A1 (de) | 2000-06-29 |
EP1058777A1 (de) | 2000-12-13 |
US6260534B1 (en) | 2001-07-17 |
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