EP0906494B1 - Turbinenwelle sowie verfahren zur kühlung einer turbinenwelle - Google Patents
Turbinenwelle sowie verfahren zur kühlung einer turbinenwelle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0906494B1 EP0906494B1 EP97923804A EP97923804A EP0906494B1 EP 0906494 B1 EP0906494 B1 EP 0906494B1 EP 97923804 A EP97923804 A EP 97923804A EP 97923804 A EP97923804 A EP 97923804A EP 0906494 B1 EP0906494 B1 EP 0906494B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turbine shaft
- shaft
- turbine
- steam
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/06—Fluid supply conduits to nozzles or the like
- F01D9/065—Fluid supply or removal conduits traversing the working fluid flow, e.g. for lubrication-, cooling-, or sealing fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D3/00—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid
- F01D3/02—Machines or engines with axial-thrust balancing effected by working-fluid characterised by having one fluid flow in one axial direction and another fluid flow in the opposite direction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
Definitions
- the invention relates to a turbine shaft, which extends along extends a major axis and has an outer surface, and a method for cooling a turbine shaft.
- DE-OS 15 51 210 is a rotor for a steam turbine great performance described in disc design.
- the disks are connected to each other by a central tie rod. They have an asymmetrical shape on the wreaths tied together trained saw toothing.
- the object of the invention is to provide a turbine shaft, which can be cooled in a thermally highly resilient area is.
- Another object of the invention is a method for cooling a turbine shaft arranged in a turbine specify.
- Such a turbine shaft is therefore a fluidic one Connection between the outer surface of the turbine shaft and an internal axial gap educated. This allows cooling fluid to enter the interior of the turbine shaft introduced and through the axial gap in the axial direction be passed through the turbine shaft so that cooling of the turbine shaft in the area of the axial gap is guaranteed.
- a steam turbine Cooling fluid preferably an action fluid (process steam), which by an inflow of connected to the turbine shaft Blades set the turbine shaft in rotation.
- the radial channels preferably open at different Pressure levels on the outer surface of the turbine shaft, so that automatically through the pressure drop forms a flow through the turbine shaft.
- Due to the geometric arrangement of the radial mouth Channels to the outer surface can be the volume flow of the Cooling fluid, which is branched off from the action fluid the required cooling capacity can be adjusted.
- the required cooling capacity can be adjusted.
- Differential pressure level no mechanical work to drive the Turbine shaft. After flowing out through the radial channel with lower pressure level back into the flow of the action fluid also performs the action fluid used as the cooling fluid mechanical work again and thus contributes to efficiency the steam turbine.
- the cylindrical shaft segments also called rotor disks in the following referred to, preferably each have a central Connection opening through which a single connecting element, a tie rod is guided.
- the connection opening has a larger cross section than the tie rod, so that preferably an annular axial gap between Shaft segment and tie rod for cooling fluid to flow through is formed.
- connecting elements tilt rods
- the respective connecting axis of the connecting elements is parallel to the main axis of the turbine shaft.
- the respective connecting axes arranged on a circle, the The center coincides with the main axis.
- At least one radial channel in particular are both radial channels, between two directly next to each other bordering wave segments formed.
- a radial channel can but also through an essentially radial bore through the shaft segment from the outer surface to the connection opening be realized through.
- Radial means here preferably perpendicular to the main axis, but closes also any connection between the outer surface and the connection opening, which at least partially in Direction of the main axis is directed.
- the turbine shaft is preferably for a double-flow turbine is provided and accordingly has an axial central region to which the action fluid immediately after inflow got into the turbine and there in two essentially equal partial streams is divided.
- the axial middle area is preferably axially between the radial channels arranged.
- the middle area, which the action fluid at exposed to the highest temperature preferably has a cavity through which cooling fluid can flow.
- the cavity is preferably rotationally symmetrical to the Main axis trained. It is closed by a shielding element which is a rotationally symmetrical one for current division Has survey.
- the cavity can be fluidly be connected to the axial gap. It is also possible Cooling fluid over the casing of a turbine and one that Feed the shielding element to the mounting bracket.
- the turbine shaft is preferably in a steam turbine, in particular a double-flow medium pressure turbine.
- Flow path comprising the two axially spaced apart radial channels and the associated fluidic axial channel is cooling the central area the turbine shaft guaranteed.
- Cooling fluid acting action fluid from the partial flow of one Flood at a lower pressure level in the partial flow the second flood into it. This is called the cooling fluid used action fluid returned to the entire steam process and therefore contributes to the efficiency of the overall process at.
- the directed towards a method for cooling a turbine shaft The object is achieved in that with a turbine shaft with a plurality axially one behind the other along a main axis arranged cylindrical shaft segments with a Bracing element are clamped together, cooling fluid through a first radial channel into an axial gap between the bracing element and the shaft segment introduced and through a second radial channel from the turbine shaft is brought out.
- This is, as already above executed a turbine shaft in a thermal during the Operation of the turbine shaft highly stressed area from the inside coolable here.
- Such a turbine shaft is therefore also in one Steam turbine plant with steam inlet temperatures above 600 ° C suitable.
- To carry out a corresponding Cooling capacity becomes the axial gap a volume flow of cooling fluid supplied between 1% to 4%, especially between 1.5% and 3% of the total live steam volume flow lies.
- the turbine shaft and the method are used as examples the figure shown in the drawing.
- the single figure shows a detail in a longitudinal section a turbine with a turbine shaft.
- connection openings 6 each have the same cross section and are arranged centrally to each other and to the main axis 2.
- bracing elements 7 In principle it is possible also several, in particular more than three, bracing elements 7 to be provided through respective connection openings 6 are performed.
- the tie rod 7 attacks the outermost, not shown, shaft segments so that an axial bracing of the shaft elements 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d to each other.
- the tie rod 7 preferably has this a thread, not shown, in which also engages clamping nut, not shown.
- Spur tooth coupling in particular plank serration (Hirth serration).
- connection openings 6 each have a cross section that is larger than the cross section of the tie rod 7, so that between one respective shaft segment 4a and the tie rod 7 an axial Gap 8, in particular an annular gap, remains.
- an outer surface 3 of the Turbine shaft 1 formed.
- the housing 18 surrounding the turbine shaft 1 has an inflow region 19 for live steam 12.
- the inflow area Associated with 19, the turbine shaft 1 has a central region 11 in which a cavity 13 is formed. This cavity 13 and the central region 11 of the turbine shaft 1 compared to a hot one flowing through the inflow region 19 Action fluid 12 (live steam) through a shielding element 17 before direct contact with the action fluid 12 shielded.
- the shielding element 17 is rotationally symmetrical to the main axis 2 and has one of the main axis 2 directed elevation.
- the shielding element 17 serves to divide the action fluid 12, the Live steam, in two approximately equal partial flows.
- the shielding element 17 is each over the first row of vanes 14 Partial stream connected to the housing 18.
- Cooling fluid supply passes through the cooling fluid Housing 18, the first row of guide vanes 14 and the shielding element 17 into the cavity 13 and causes there a cooling of the turbine shaft 1 in the middle area 11.
- the cooling fluid can be in the cavity 13 due to the heat exchange be heated with the action fluid 12 and over Fluid discharges, not shown, the steam process again are fed.
- the second radial Gap 9b passes the cooling fluid 12b at a location lower Pressure into the partial flow directed to the right and thus again does work on those still to be flowed through Blade 15.
- the cooling fluid 12b through the first radial channel 9a a pressure of about 11 bar and a temperature of about 400 ° C removed from the partial flow directed to the left and at a pressure level less than 11 bar the right-facing one Partial stream are fed again.
- the axial Gap 8 is preferably a volume flow rate of 1% to 4%, in particular 1.5% to 3%, of the total live steam volume flow, which drives the turbine shaft.
- the invention is characterized by a turbine shaft, which a plurality of axially one behind the other and has mutually braced shaft segments, in the interior an axially directed gap is provided.
- This The gap is connected to two different through two radial channels Pressure levels with the current of the turbine shaft driving Action fluids fluidly connected.
- the radial channels are preferably located where there are two shaft segments contiguous.
- a pressure differential is operated Cooling fluid flow from the action fluid (Live steam) branched off.
- a branched off from the live steam flow Cooling steam flow passes through the first radial channel in the axially directed gap and from there over the second radial channel back into the live steam flow.
- the area adjacent to the axial gap Turbine shaft cooled from the inside and for cooling used cooling fluid returned to the entire steam process.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19624805 | 1996-06-21 | ||
DE19624805 | 1996-06-21 | ||
PCT/DE1997/000953 WO1997049901A1 (de) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-05-12 | Turbinenwelle sowie verfahren zur kühlung einer turbinenwelle |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0906494A1 EP0906494A1 (de) | 1999-04-07 |
EP0906494B1 true EP0906494B1 (de) | 2002-12-18 |
Family
ID=7797593
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97923804A Expired - Lifetime EP0906494B1 (de) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-05-12 | Turbinenwelle sowie verfahren zur kühlung einer turbinenwelle |
EP97928113A Expired - Lifetime EP0906493B1 (de) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-06-09 | Turbomaschine sowie verfahren zur kühlung einer turbomaschine |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97928113A Expired - Lifetime EP0906493B1 (de) | 1996-06-21 | 1997-06-09 | Turbomaschine sowie verfahren zur kühlung einer turbomaschine |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6102654A (zh) |
EP (2) | EP0906494B1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP3943136B2 (zh) |
KR (2) | KR20000022066A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN1106496C (zh) |
AT (2) | ATE230065T1 (zh) |
CZ (2) | CZ423498A3 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE59709016D1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2206724T3 (zh) |
PL (2) | PL330755A1 (zh) |
RU (2) | RU2182976C2 (zh) |
WO (2) | WO1997049901A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1785586A1 (de) * | 2005-10-20 | 2007-05-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Rotor einer Strömungsmaschine |
Families Citing this family (38)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1445427A1 (de) | 2003-02-05 | 2004-08-11 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dampfturbine und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Dampfturbine |
EP1452688A1 (de) | 2003-02-05 | 2004-09-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dampfturbinenrotor sowie Verfahren und Verwendung einer aktiven Kühlung eines Dampfturbinenrotors |
US6854954B2 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2005-02-15 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for assembling turbine engines |
EP1473442B1 (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2014-04-23 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Steam turbine, steam turbine plant and method of operating a steam turbine in a steam turbine plant |
CN1573018B (zh) * | 2003-05-20 | 2010-09-15 | 株式会社东芝 | 蒸汽涡轮机 |
JP4509664B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-30 | 2010-07-21 | 株式会社東芝 | 蒸気タービン発電設備 |
DE10355738A1 (de) * | 2003-11-28 | 2005-06-16 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Rotor für eine Turbine |
EP1624155A1 (de) | 2004-08-02 | 2006-02-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dampfturbine und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Dampfturbine |
US7357618B2 (en) * | 2005-05-25 | 2008-04-15 | General Electric Company | Flow splitter for steam turbines |
US20070065273A1 (en) * | 2005-09-22 | 2007-03-22 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for double flow turbine first stage cooling |
EP1780376A1 (de) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-05-02 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Dampfturbine |
US7322789B2 (en) * | 2005-11-07 | 2008-01-29 | General Electric Company | Methods and apparatus for channeling steam flow to turbines |
US7874795B2 (en) * | 2006-09-11 | 2011-01-25 | General Electric Company | Turbine nozzle assemblies |
EP1911933A1 (de) * | 2006-10-09 | 2008-04-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Rotor für eine Strömungsmaschine |
US7670108B2 (en) * | 2006-11-21 | 2010-03-02 | Siemens Energy, Inc. | Air seal unit adapted to be positioned adjacent blade structure in a gas turbine |
US8257015B2 (en) * | 2008-02-14 | 2012-09-04 | General Electric Company | Apparatus for cooling rotary components within a steam turbine |
US8113764B2 (en) | 2008-03-20 | 2012-02-14 | General Electric Company | Steam turbine and a method of determining leakage within a steam turbine |
US8096748B2 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2012-01-17 | General Electric Company | Apparatus and method for double flow turbine first stage cooling |
US8087871B2 (en) * | 2009-05-28 | 2012-01-03 | General Electric Company | Turbomachine compressor wheel member |
US20110158819A1 (en) * | 2009-12-30 | 2011-06-30 | General Electric Company | Internal reaction steam turbine cooling arrangement |
US8657562B2 (en) * | 2010-11-19 | 2014-02-25 | General Electric Company | Self-aligning flow splitter for steam turbine |
RU2539404C2 (ru) * | 2010-11-29 | 2015-01-20 | Альстом Текнолоджи Лтд | Осевая газовая турбина |
EP2503101A2 (en) * | 2011-03-22 | 2012-09-26 | General Electric Company | System for regulating a cooling fluid within a turbomachine |
US8888436B2 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2014-11-18 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for cooling high pressure and intermediate pressure sections of a steam turbine |
US8899909B2 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2014-12-02 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for steam turbine wheel space cooling |
US8888437B2 (en) | 2011-10-19 | 2014-11-18 | General Electric Company | Dual-flow steam turbine with steam cooling |
US20130259662A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | General Electric Company | Rotor and wheel cooling assembly for a steam turbine system |
US20130323009A1 (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2013-12-05 | Mark Kevin Bowen | Methods and apparatus for cooling rotary components within a steam turbine |
CN103603694B (zh) * | 2013-12-04 | 2015-07-29 | 上海金通灵动力科技有限公司 | 一种降低汽轮机主轴轴承处工作温度的结构 |
EP2918788A1 (de) | 2014-03-12 | 2015-09-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Abkühlen einer Dampfturbine |
US10208609B2 (en) | 2014-06-09 | 2019-02-19 | General Electric Company | Turbine and methods of assembling the same |
EP3009597A1 (de) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-04-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Kontrollierte Kühlung von Turbinenwellen |
EP3056663A1 (de) * | 2015-02-10 | 2016-08-17 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Axial beaufschlagte Dampfturbine, insbesondere in zweiflutiger Ausführung |
RU2665797C1 (ru) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-09-04 | Публичное акционерное общество "ОДК-Уфимское моторостроительное производственное объединение" (ПАО "ОДК-УМПО") | Способ и устройство охлаждения вала авиационного газотурбинного двигателя |
CN109236378A (zh) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-18 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | 一种内部蒸汽冷却的高参数汽轮机的单流高温转子 |
CN109236379A (zh) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-01-18 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | 一种内部蒸汽冷却的高参数汽轮机的双流高温转子 |
JP7271408B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-10 | 2023-05-11 | 東芝エネルギーシステムズ株式会社 | タービンロータ |
CN111520195B (zh) * | 2020-04-03 | 2022-05-10 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | 一种汽轮机低压进汽室导流结构及其参数设计方法 |
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US2657901A (en) * | 1945-06-08 | 1953-11-03 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Construction of turbine rotors |
CH259566A (de) * | 1947-08-09 | 1949-01-31 | Sulzer Ag | Läufer für Kreiselmaschinen, insbesondere Gasturbinen. |
US2826895A (en) * | 1953-09-03 | 1958-03-18 | Fairchild Engine & Airplane | Bearing cooling system |
CH430757A (de) * | 1963-01-18 | 1967-02-28 | Siemens Ag | Dampfturbine |
DE1551210A1 (de) * | 1966-06-18 | 1970-01-15 | Siemens Ag | Scheibenlaeufer fuer Turbinen,die zum Antrieb von Wechselstromgeneratoren dienen |
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US4242041A (en) * | 1979-01-15 | 1980-12-30 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Rotor cooling for double axial flow turbines |
EP0040267B1 (de) * | 1980-05-19 | 1985-10-09 | BBC Aktiengesellschaft Brown, Boveri & Cie. | Gekühlter Leitschaufelträger |
US4312624A (en) * | 1980-11-10 | 1982-01-26 | United Technologies Corporation | Air cooled hollow vane construction |
JPS57188702A (en) * | 1981-05-15 | 1982-11-19 | Toshiba Corp | Steam turbine rotor cooling method |
JPS5830405A (ja) * | 1981-08-19 | 1983-02-22 | Hitachi Ltd | 軸流機械のロ−タ取付装置 |
JPS58155203A (ja) * | 1982-03-12 | 1983-09-14 | Toshiba Corp | 蒸気タ−ビン |
DE3209506A1 (de) * | 1982-03-16 | 1983-09-22 | Kraftwerk Union AG, 4330 Mülheim | Axial beaufschlagte dampfturbine, insbesondere in zweiflutiger ausfuehrung |
JPS59153901A (ja) * | 1983-02-21 | 1984-09-01 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 蒸気タ−ビンロ−タの冷却装置 |
JPS59155503A (ja) * | 1983-02-24 | 1984-09-04 | Toshiba Corp | 軸流タ−ビンのロ−タ冷却装置 |
DE3424139C2 (de) * | 1984-06-30 | 1996-02-22 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Gasturbinenrotor |
US5020318A (en) * | 1987-11-05 | 1991-06-04 | General Electric Company | Aircraft engine frame construction |
JP2756117B2 (ja) * | 1987-11-25 | 1998-05-25 | 株式会社日立製作所 | ガスタービンロータ |
US5054996A (en) * | 1990-07-27 | 1991-10-08 | General Electric Company | Thermal linear actuator for rotor air flow control in a gas turbine |
US5224818A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1993-07-06 | General Electric Company | Air transfer bushing |
US5292227A (en) * | 1992-12-10 | 1994-03-08 | General Electric Company | Turbine frame |
JPH06330702A (ja) * | 1993-05-26 | 1994-11-29 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | タービンディスク |
DE4324034A1 (de) * | 1993-07-17 | 1995-01-19 | Abb Management Ag | Gasturbine mit gekühltem Rotor |
-
1997
- 1997-05-12 AT AT97923804T patent/ATE230065T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-05-12 JP JP50204798A patent/JP3943136B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-05-12 CZ CZ984234A patent/CZ423498A3/cs unknown
- 1997-05-12 CN CN97197351A patent/CN1106496C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-12 WO PCT/DE1997/000953 patent/WO1997049901A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-05-12 DE DE59709016T patent/DE59709016D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-12 RU RU99101061/06A patent/RU2182976C2/ru active
- 1997-05-12 PL PL97330755A patent/PL330755A1/xx unknown
- 1997-05-12 EP EP97923804A patent/EP0906494B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-05-12 KR KR1019980710469A patent/KR20000022066A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-06-09 AT AT97928113T patent/ATE247766T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-06-09 EP EP97928113A patent/EP0906493B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-09 JP JP50206598A patent/JP3939762B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-06-09 PL PL97330425A patent/PL330425A1/xx unknown
- 1997-06-09 DE DE59710625T patent/DE59710625D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-09 CZ CZ984227A patent/CZ422798A3/cs unknown
- 1997-06-09 WO PCT/DE1997/001162 patent/WO1997049900A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-06-09 RU RU99101084/06A patent/RU2182975C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-06-09 KR KR1019980710468A patent/KR20000022065A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-06-09 ES ES97928113T patent/ES2206724T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-06-09 CN CN97197084A patent/CN1100193C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1998
- 1998-12-21 US US09/217,855 patent/US6102654A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-12-21 US US09/217,853 patent/US6048169A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1785586A1 (de) * | 2005-10-20 | 2007-05-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Rotor einer Strömungsmaschine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20000022065A (ko) | 2000-04-25 |
CZ423498A3 (cs) | 1999-04-14 |
RU2182976C2 (ru) | 2002-05-27 |
US6048169A (en) | 2000-04-11 |
CN1100193C (zh) | 2003-01-29 |
JP3939762B2 (ja) | 2007-07-04 |
JP2000512706A (ja) | 2000-09-26 |
CN1106496C (zh) | 2003-04-23 |
EP0906493A1 (de) | 1999-04-07 |
ATE247766T1 (de) | 2003-09-15 |
EP0906494A1 (de) | 1999-04-07 |
CZ422798A3 (cs) | 1999-04-14 |
RU2182975C2 (ru) | 2002-05-27 |
EP0906493B1 (de) | 2003-08-20 |
JP3943136B2 (ja) | 2007-07-11 |
US6102654A (en) | 2000-08-15 |
JP2000512708A (ja) | 2000-09-26 |
ES2206724T3 (es) | 2004-05-16 |
PL330755A1 (en) | 1999-05-24 |
DE59709016D1 (de) | 2003-01-30 |
CN1227619A (zh) | 1999-09-01 |
DE59710625D1 (de) | 2003-09-25 |
WO1997049901A1 (de) | 1997-12-31 |
CN1228134A (zh) | 1999-09-08 |
KR20000022066A (ko) | 2000-04-25 |
WO1997049900A1 (de) | 1997-12-31 |
PL330425A1 (en) | 1999-05-10 |
ATE230065T1 (de) | 2003-01-15 |
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