EP0844438B1 - Grille pour un foyer - Google Patents

Grille pour un foyer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0844438B1
EP0844438B1 EP97810815A EP97810815A EP0844438B1 EP 0844438 B1 EP0844438 B1 EP 0844438B1 EP 97810815 A EP97810815 A EP 97810815A EP 97810815 A EP97810815 A EP 97810815A EP 0844438 B1 EP0844438 B1 EP 0844438B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
lining
units
unit
lining units
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP97810815A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0844438A2 (fr
EP0844438A3 (fr
Inventor
Max Künzli
John Millard
Peter Serck-Hanssen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Original Assignee
ABB Alstom Power Switzerland Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ABB Alstom Power Switzerland Ltd filed Critical ABB Alstom Power Switzerland Ltd
Publication of EP0844438A2 publication Critical patent/EP0844438A2/fr
Publication of EP0844438A3 publication Critical patent/EP0844438A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0844438B1 publication Critical patent/EP0844438B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H11/00—Travelling-grates
    • F23H11/12—Travelling-grates inclined travelling grates; Stepped travelling grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
    • F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H11/00—Travelling-grates
    • F23H11/10—Travelling-grates with special provision for supply of air from below and for controlling air supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F23H17/08—Bearers; Frames; Spacers; Supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of combustion technology. It affects a grate for a furnace at least one grate track with several alternating in the longitudinal direction, Fixed and bounded on both sides by side walls Moving grate lining unit rows, each consisting of at least one with supply and discharge lines and cooling channels Rust covering unit exist, the rust covering units each with a swivel in the area of their rear end fixed or movable grate lining carrier are connected and with its front end on or above the following Grate covering unit are arranged movably, and the grate covering units one row of rust coverings each below the same arranged connecting means connected in this way are that neighboring grate covering units with respect to them assigned grate lining carrier are pivotable to a limited extent.
  • the invention relates to a prior art, as it results for example from CH-PS 684 118 or DE-U-94 16 320.
  • Grates of the type mentioned above are used for burning and at the same time further transport of fired goods mainly used in waste incineration plants.
  • DE-PS 498 538 is a water-cooled stair grate known with movable grate members. It will be like stairs described grate steps offset downwards, where cooling water is arranged across the individual stages Water troughs with a loosely placed lid are closed and only the middle area of the grate cool directly, transverse to the longitudinal direction of the grate, d. H. across to the direction of transport of the combustion material flows. The inflow and drain pipes for the coolant are located each at the opposite ends of the trough. Disadvantageous at this prior art is that the molded comb-like Grate bars that are particularly thermally stressed this technical solution cannot be cooled directly.
  • the thrust combustion grate known from CH-PS 684 118 has a grate plate, which consists of a substantially rectangular Hollow body made of sheet metal, which on one side a connector on its underside and on the other Side of its bottom a discharge pipe for the inlet and Has removal of a cooling fluid flowing through the hollow body.
  • a large number of primary air are supplied tubular elements passing through the cavity, wherein the primary air supply for each tubular element individually is dosed.
  • a disadvantage of this prior art is in addition to the complex Production of the grate plate that no differentiation cooling of the cooling element is possible, although it is known that the thermal load on the grate is very strong changes in the longitudinal direction of the grate.
  • the undifferentiated cooling has the disadvantage that different temperatures in the element generated which lead to internal voltages and possible corrosion contribute.
  • this solution the cooling room is much larger than the supply and discharge lines.
  • particles e.g. B. corrosion products and Dirt
  • An abrupt change in cross-section also promotes eddy formation, so that Air bubbles can remain in the cooling duct, causing heat transfer influenced and can also lead to erosion.
  • EP 0 663 565 A2 is a grate bar with a cooling device and an inlet and outlet opening arranged in the grate bar known, in which at least one channel for guidance of cooling water essentially in the longitudinal direction of the grate bar runs.
  • the channel arranged in the grate bar preferably has two substantially parallel sections with each other opposite flow direction, this with a deflection arranged in the head region of the grate bar are connected.
  • a disadvantage of this prior art is that here also no differentiation of the cooling in the longitudinal direction and thus no adaptation to the course of the thermal Load can take place.
  • the invention tries to avoid all of these disadvantages. It is based on the task, one with cooling channels for Water or another cooling medium provided with rust to create a firing system, which is inexpensive to manufacture and which is a differentiated cooling in the longitudinal direction of the grate allowed. In addition, the supply and discharge hoses be easily accessible for the cooling medium and a uniform flow cross-section available for the cooling medium his.
  • the advantages of the invention include that this grate can be manufactured relatively cheaply.
  • the Cooling pipes are prefabricated as semi-finished products and then in cast the grate lining unit.
  • the cooling pipe casting forms a perfect construction where the known problems a cast steel weld seam cannot occur.
  • Furthermore the cooling capacity is due to the different pipe division adapted to the thermal stress, which is special is efficient.
  • the cooling tubes are adjacent Rust covering units of a rust covering unit row over one Coupling, preferably a pipe or a hose connection, which have a U or S shape, in connection with each other stand and the supply and discharge lines, the couplings and the cast pipe have the same inner diameter. This creates a uniform flow cross-section reached for the cooling medium. There are no abrupt changes in cross-section on so that vortex formation and deposition are prevented or made more difficult by foreign particles.
  • FIG. 1 shows a combustion grate for a furnace, for example a waste incineration plant with a Grate track 1, which is delimited on both sides by side walls 2.
  • the grate can also have two or more juxtaposed have grate tracks 1 separated by central beams.
  • the grate track 1 is constructed from a grate covering, which from grate covering units 11, 12, 13, so-called grate bars or grate plates. In the longitudinal direction of the grate are alternating rows of fixed grate pads 3 and moving grate pads 4 arranged. At the back end is each grate covering unit 11, 12, 13 as a semi-open tube 5 formed with which the grate covering unit 11, 12, 13 a rust covering unit carrier 6, which here as a rod circular cross section is formed, rests (see. Fig. 2).
  • the grate covering unit supports assigned to the fixed grate covering unit rows 3 6 are firmly connected to the side walls 2, while those assigned to the moving grate lining unit rows 4 Grate covering unit carrier 6 interconnected are and are slidably arranged in the longitudinal direction of the grate.
  • the latter can be arranged on both sides, not shown here double-acting hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders relative to the fixed grating unit rows 3 back and forth be moved.
  • the grate covering units 11, 12, 13 themselves largely exist from a flat plate that follows at its front end is bent down and there in a roughly parallel to the plate running slider 7 ends.
  • the grate covering unit is located there 11, 12, 13 on the in the direction of movement of the combustion material next grate covering unit 11, 12, 13.
  • In the example case are three rows of narrow openings 8 (slots) provided that down both in longitudinal, as also extend in the transverse direction and parallel to the grate longitudinal direction run. Through these openings 8 of the The bottom of the grate is supplied with primary air.
  • Each row of grate coverings 3, 4 consists according to the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 shown example from two lateral 11, 12 and two middle grate covering units 13, which are mounted in laterally Openings arranged screws with the neighboring ones Grate covering units are connected.
  • the number of middle ones Rust covering units 13 in a row 3, 4 can of course also be different from two.
  • Grate covering unit which extends from a side wall 2 extends to the other side wall 2 of the grate track 1, per row of grate covering units 3, 4 can be arranged.
  • the grate is during the operation of the combustion system considerable thermal stress exposed. Because the cooling with the bottom primary air flowing through the grate alone is not sufficient, to get a rust covering with a long service life, it is provided according to the invention that essentially transversely to the longitudinal direction of the grate, the longitudinal direction of the grate corresponds to the direction of movement of the combustion material, meandering arranged in the grate covering units 11, 12, 13 cast pipes 9 are arranged, the pipe division is not constant, but the respective thermal load the grate covering unit 11, 12, 13 is adapted. So is e.g. B. one from the rear end to the front end of the grate covering unit decreasing pipe pitch provided. Through these tubes 9 is a cooling medium during the operation of the combustion grate, preferably water.
  • Fig. 2 shows an example of a simplified longitudinal section by three arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the grate Rust covering units according to the invention, above the left shown part schematically the respective thermal load Q of the grate covering unit is applied.
  • the thermal load from the rear end increases towards the front end of the grate covering unit and in the head area is greatest. That is why the division of the cooling pipes 9 selected so that the smallest division exists in the head area is, d. H. the distance of the parallel, transverse to the grate longitudinal direction arranged pipe sections 9 is in the head area, the lowest at the front end of the grate covering unit.
  • that the pipe division of the expected thermal Load is adjusted, d. H. that in another embodiment the smallest pipe pitch on another Place than can be provided in the head area.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically a top view of an inventive Rust covering unit.
  • This example will be close of the rear end designed as a half-open pipe section 5 the grate covering unit via a connection 10 coolant introduced into the tube 9.
  • This essentially flows through that transversely (meandering) arranged pipe 9, the pipe division in the longitudinal direction of the grate to the front end of the grate covering unit decreases until the second, at the front end of the grate covering unit located connector 10 and from there into a drain line not shown here.
  • the cooling medium at the front end of the grate lining unit and the discharge at the rear end of the grate covering unit respectively.
  • the direction of flow of the coolant 3 with arrows is of minor importance Significance because of the temperature difference of the coolant between entering and leaving the Rust coating unit is relatively low.
  • the solution according to the invention ensures that the cooling effect in the thermally most stressed area is largest, so as a result of the differentiation cooling in the longitudinal direction of the grate due to temperature and voltage conditional wear of the rust coating reduced becomes.
  • the manufacture of the grate covering units according to the invention is comparatively simple and economical.
  • the cooling pipes 9 are prefabricated as semi-finished products, then a finished product Pipe 9 inserted into the mold for the grate covering unit and poured the grate.
  • Fig. 4 shows a grate cross section (seen in the conveying direction).
  • a row of grate pads 3 from four grating units arranged side by side, and a left 11 and a right side 12 grate covering unit and two middle grate covering units 13.
  • the grate is in the peripheral zones, d. H. in the funnel-shaped underwind zones 14, which is shown in Fig. 4 as a tightened area are difficult to access.
  • inventive Solution it is possible to supply and discharge lines 15, 16, which are preferably hoses, for the cooling medium to order that they are outside this area.
  • the tubes 9 of the two central grating units 13 are with each other as well as with the tubes 9 of the adjacent lateral grate covering unit 11, 12 with one another via couplings 20 connected.
  • the coupling 20 is preferably a tube or a hose connection which has a U or S shape.
  • Fig. 4 shows how to make two middle grate units 13 between the edge units in principle with two S-shaped and can use a U-shaped coupling 20.
  • 5 to 7 in detail is a lateral (the right) Rust covering unit 12 of a row of rust covering units is shown.
  • 5 shows a plan view from which it is clear that that the connection points 10 of the supply and discharge lines 15, 16 arranged in this lateral grate covering unit 12 are that one at the rear end and one at the Front end of the grating unit 12 is present and both are off Accessibility on one and the same narrow Side (in Fig. 5 top) of the grate covering unit 12 is arranged are.
  • the differentiation of the pipe division in the longitudinal direction is also easy to see.
  • Fig. 6 shows a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 5, So again a side view of the grate covering unit 12, in which also the supply line 15 and the discharge line 16, and the side part 17 are shown, via which the lateral grate covering unit 12 into the openings 18 introduced screws 19 (see also Fig. 8) with a middle grate covering unit 13 is connected.
  • the supply and discharge lines 15, 16 have the same inner diameter d have like the tubes 9 and thus cross-sectional jumps with the known negative effects, e.g. B.
  • Favoring the deposition of foreign particles avoided become.
  • FIG. 7 shows a section in the head region, that is to say at the front end the grate covering unit 12, along the line VII-VII in Fig. 6,.
  • Openings 8 arranged for the primary air supply and in 7 can be clearly seen.
  • Fig. 8 shows an overall plan view of a row of grate pads with two side grating units 11, 12 and a middle grate covering unit 13.
  • the inventive mirror-image design of the side grating units 11, 12 is clearly visible.
  • the central grate covering unit 13 is characterized by that the two connection points 10 on the opposite one another Narrow sides of the grate covering unit 13 are arranged are and not as on the side parts 11, 12 on one Side, with a connection point 10 in the front end and each a connection point 10 in the rear end of the grate covering unit 11, 12, 13 are provided.
  • the pipe 9 of the central grate covering unit 13 is with the tubes 9 of the two side grate covering units 11, 12 via an S-shaped and a U-shaped Coupling 20 connected, the couplings 20, the tubes 9 and the supply and discharge lines 15, 16 have the same inner diameter d have. This will make it more even Flow cross-section for the cooling medium reached and vortex formation in the flow and the deposition of foreign particles prevented.
  • the left side grating unit 11 is with the middle Rust covering unit 13 and this with the right side Grate covering unit 12 via a screw connection of the side parts 17 connected with screws 19.
  • the feed line 15 and the Discharge line 16 of the pipes 9 is in the side grate covering units 11, 12 each on the narrow side of the Grate covering unit 11, 12 arranged that the middle grate covering unit 13 is immediately adjacent. Therefore, the Zu and Discharge lines 15, 16 not as in a known one State of the art in the hard-to-reach border area of the Roge more shifted towards the middle of the grate, so that they are easily accessible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Movable Scaffolding (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Grille pour un foyer comprenant au moins un chemin de grille (1) avec plusieurs rangées (3, 4) d'unités de garniture de grille fixes et mobiles, disposées en alternance dans la direction longitudinale et limitées des deux côtés par des parois latérales (2), lesquelles rangées comprennent, dans chaque cas, au moins une unité de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13) pourvue de conduites d'alimentation et de décharge (15, 16) et de canaux de refroidissement, chaque unité de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13) étant connectée à pivotement dans chaque cas dans la région de son extrémité arrière à un support (6) de garniture de grille fixe ou mobile et étant disposée mobile avec son extrémité avant sur ou au-dessus de l'unité de garniture de grille suivante (11, 12, 13), et, dans le cas où l'on a plus d'une unité de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13) par rangée (3, 4) d'unités de garniture de grille, les unités de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13) d'une rangée (3, 4) d'unités de garniture de grille étant dans chaque cas connectées par des moyens de connexion disposés en dessous de celles-ci, de telle sorte que les unités de garniture de grille voisines (11, 12, 13) puissent pivoter de manière limitée par rapport au support (6) de garniture de grille qui leur est associé, caractérisée en ce que les canaux de refroidissement sont disposés essentiellement transversalement à la direction longitudinale de la grille et en ce que les canaux de refroidissement sont des tubes (9) disposés en méandres, coulés d'une pièce dans les unités de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13), l'espacement entre les tubes (9) diminuant de l'extrémité arrière vers l'extrémité avant de l'unité de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13) de telle sorte que l'espacement entre les tubes soit adapté à la contrainte thermique des unités de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13).
  2. Grille pour un foyer selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle une rangée (3, 4) d'unités de garniture de grille se compose de deux unités de garniture de grille latérales (11, 12) et d'au moins une unité de garniture de grille centrale (13) disposée entre celles-ci, caractérisée en ce que les unités de garniture de grille latérales (11, 12) sont formées suivant une symétrie spéculaire l'une par rapport à l'autre, par rapport à la prolongation du canal de refroidissement (9), et que les points de connexion (10) pour les conduites d'amenée et de décharge (15, 16) sont disposés dans les unités de garniture de grille latérales (11, 12) à chaque fois sur le même côté étroit de l'unité de garniture de grille (11, 12).
  3. Grille pour un foyer selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les points de connexion (10) pour les conduites d'amenée et de décharge (15, 16) dans les unités de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13) sont disposés de telle sorte que dans chaque cas, l'un soit présent au niveau de l'extrémité arrière et un au niveau de l'extrémité avant de l'unité de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13).
  4. Grille pour un foyer selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les tubes (9) d'unités de garniture de grille (11, 12, 13) adjacentes d'une rangée (3, 4) d'unités de garniture de grille sont connectés les uns aux autres au moyen d'un raccord (20), de préférence un tube ou un raccord pour un tuyau, qui présente une forme en U ou en S.
  5. Grille pour un foyer selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les conduites d'amenée et de décharge (15, 16), les raccords (20) et le tube coulé d'une pièce (9) présentent le même diamètre intérieur (d).
  6. Grille pour un foyer selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que des ouvertures (8) pour l'amenée d'air primaire sont disposées entre les tubes (9).
EP97810815A 1996-11-21 1997-10-31 Grille pour un foyer Expired - Lifetime EP0844438B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19648128A DE19648128C2 (de) 1996-11-21 1996-11-21 Rost für eine Feuerungsanlage
DE19648128 1996-11-21

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0844438A2 EP0844438A2 (fr) 1998-05-27
EP0844438A3 EP0844438A3 (fr) 1999-06-09
EP0844438B1 true EP0844438B1 (fr) 2000-08-09

Family

ID=7812299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97810815A Expired - Lifetime EP0844438B1 (fr) 1996-11-21 1997-10-31 Grille pour un foyer

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5913274A (fr)
EP (1) EP0844438B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2941753B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100473233B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE195368T1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ291145B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE19648128C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0844438T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2151235T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO310378B1 (fr)

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KR101277484B1 (ko) * 2012-11-22 2013-06-21 (주)태종 폐기물 소각장치용 화격자
DE102014008858A1 (de) 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Joachim Kümmel Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Abfall und Biomassen auf einem Flossenwand-Stufenrost sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
KR101701720B1 (ko) * 2016-06-20 2017-02-03 지이큐솔루션 주식회사 수냉식 화격자 및 수냉식 화격자용 스토커를 구비한 소각로
US10309648B2 (en) 2016-11-22 2019-06-04 General Electric Company System and method for active cooling of a grate bar for an incinerator of a waste-to-energy plant
EP3583357B1 (fr) * 2017-02-17 2023-05-03 Mitsubishi Power Europe GmbH Grille d'avance dotée d'éléments de séparation de voies de grille
DE102020003114A1 (de) 2020-05-25 2021-11-25 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Roststab, Roststabanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Roststabanordnung

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DE19528310A1 (de) * 1995-08-02 1997-02-06 Abb Management Ag Rost für eine Feuerungsanlage

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Publication number Publication date
EP0844438A2 (fr) 1998-05-27
DE19648128C2 (de) 2002-11-07
EP0844438A3 (fr) 1999-06-09
DE59702139D1 (de) 2000-09-14
NO975175D0 (no) 1997-11-11
CZ291145B6 (cs) 2002-12-11
ATE195368T1 (de) 2000-08-15
KR100473233B1 (ko) 2005-03-16
DE19648128A1 (de) 1998-05-28
KR19980041935A (ko) 1998-08-17
CZ355797A3 (cs) 1998-06-17
JP2941753B2 (ja) 1999-08-30
ES2151235T3 (es) 2000-12-16
NO310378B1 (no) 2001-06-25
NO975175L (no) 1998-05-22
JPH10160150A (ja) 1998-06-19
US5913274A (en) 1999-06-22
DK0844438T3 (da) 2000-12-27

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