EP0081779B1 - Grille mécanique à mouvement continu d'un appareil à combustion - Google Patents

Grille mécanique à mouvement continu d'un appareil à combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0081779B1
EP0081779B1 EP82111243A EP82111243A EP0081779B1 EP 0081779 B1 EP0081779 B1 EP 0081779B1 EP 82111243 A EP82111243 A EP 82111243A EP 82111243 A EP82111243 A EP 82111243A EP 0081779 B1 EP0081779 B1 EP 0081779B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
pipes
chain
travelling grate
grates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82111243A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0081779A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Grebe
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT82111243T priority Critical patent/ATE24238T1/de
Publication of EP0081779A1 publication Critical patent/EP0081779A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0081779B1 publication Critical patent/EP0081779B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H11/00—Travelling-grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
    • F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a traveling grate for a furnace, with at least one revolving endless chain on which grate plates are arranged, deflection wheels at the ends of the grate over which the chain is guided, a guide for the endless chain and one parallel to the upper run the chain to the side of the grate plates, to which the grate plates adjoin and through which a heat-absorbing fluid flows.
  • Traveling grates for combustion plants have the advantage that the furnace can be operated continuously with practically all solid fuels.
  • the fuel supply is conveniently possible by pouring it onto the front end of the grate, where the fuel ignites on the burning material already on the grate.
  • the continuously moving grate slowly moves the burning material towards the grate end. After a certain start-up time, fuel is distributed over the entire grate.
  • the speed of the grate is selected taking into account the various influencing parameters so that the fuel burns out on arrival at the end of the grate, combustion residues can fall directly into an ash trolley at the end of the grate. Combustion residues that have fallen through this along the grate can be conveyed through the returning run of the chain to the feed side and can be collected there by another ash trolley.
  • the problem of heat in the building material is a problem with traveling grates.
  • the heating power related to the surface area of the grate is limited by the heat resistance of the grate material. Because of the high thermal load, the lifespan of traveling grates is also limited.
  • the grate surface is divided into two bands in order to avoid difficulties which occur with very wide grates.
  • a cover element in the form of a tube is provided between them, through which a coolant flows.
  • the tube forms only a very small part, namely a part in the order of 1% of the total grate area.
  • the pipe cannot bring about significant cooling of the grate plates, since the contact area between the pipe and grate plates is very small in relation to the total area of the grate plates. Passing a coolant through the pipe only serves the purpose of preventing the pipe itself from overheating.
  • the pipe is largely covered by the grate plates, so that the pipe surface makes up only a very small proportion of the total grate area.
  • the invention has for its object to design a traveling grate of the type mentioned in such a way that the heat load of the grate material is significantly reduced for a given heating power per unit area.
  • a tube is also arranged along the other side of the chain, to which the grate plates adjoin, the grate plates overlapping strips arranged laterally on the tubes and the tubes forming essential components of the grate surface.
  • the thermal load on the grate material can be significantly reduced.
  • the pipes extract heat from areas that are above the grate plates. There is also a heat transfer from the grate plates over the strips and the pipe walls to the cooling fluid. These effects can significantly lower the temperature of the grate building material for a given heating output per unit area.
  • water will be used as the cooling fluid.
  • the pipe system can advantageously be connected to a boiler system, for example for preheating boiler feed water, as stated in claim 14. Any other use of the heat transferred to the fluid is also possible.
  • the grate temperature is reduced overall, thereby increasing the life of the grate.
  • the invention can also be used in the sense that the heating power of the grate is increased with a constant service life of the grate in comparison with grids that are not cooled.
  • strips are connected to the tubes (claim 2). It is particularly advantageous here to mold the strips to the tubes (claim 3). Strips combined with the tubes offer the advantage of particularly good heat transfer and simple construction. A very large part of the dissipated heat also reaches the fluid via the part of the drilling wall, which contributes to the formation of the grate surface.
  • the construction according to claim 4 is particularly expedient.
  • only one pipe has to be present between two chains, so that chains and pipes are arranged alternately next to one another.
  • the invention also includes embodiments in which only one bar is arranged on a tube, so that the number of tubes is twice as large as the number of chains.
  • All tubes can be connected to one another at their ends by manifolds (claim 5). However, only a few pipes can be connected to one another or each pipe can be fed with fluid separately. Such an arrangement opens up the possibility of supplying different amounts of cooling fluid to different zones of the grate.
  • the upper strand of the chain is one additional leadership assigned. This gives a particularly precise chain guide, which extends the life of the grate.
  • Recesses in the grate plates according to claims 7 to 9 allow an intensive air supply, whereby the heating power per unit area can be kept high. However, combustion air can also get through spaces between adjacent grate plates.
  • the tubes can have different cross sections.
  • a circular cross section according to claim 13 is expedient.
  • a combustion chamber generally designated 2, the bottom of which is formed by a moving grate 3 arranged on a supporting frame 11.
  • the traveling grate consists of several revolving endless chains 4, which are guided over deflection wheels 5 and 6.
  • the direction of movement of the upper chain center 4a is symbolized by the arrow 5a.
  • Above the front end of the grate is a shaft 28 for the supply of solid fuel.
  • the height of an outlet slot 7 can be changed by a height-adjustable retaining wall 8, whereby the height of the fuel layer can be determined, which is to be applied to the traveling grate.
  • the combustion chamber 2 is divided by a baffle 12 into a front part 2a and a rear part 2b.
  • the combustion chamber parts 2a and 2b are connected to one another via the passage 2c above the dam wall.
  • the combustion gas passes into a flue gas chamber 13 via a smoke pipe part 30 containing smoke pipes 31.
  • Fig. 2 shows only a small part of the entire grate cross section.
  • the grate is essentially made up of several chains 3 and tubes 14, which are alternately arranged side by side.
  • the tubes 14 have a substantially circular cross section. strips 15 and 16 extend along diametrically opposed surface lines of the tubes. These strips lie in a horizontal diametral plane 17 of the tubes.
  • the tubes can e.g. B. consist of heat-resistant steel or heat-resistant cast iron.
  • the chains 3 are composed of links 18 and 19.
  • the links 18 are vertical and the links 19 are horizontal.
  • Grate plates 20 are welded to the vertical members.
  • the edges of the grate plates rest on the strips 15, 16, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the vertically lying chain links 18 engage in a guide channel 22, as a result of which the upper chain center 4a is guided against lateral deviation. This guidance therefore does not need to be taken over by the tubes 14.
  • the tubes 14 therefore only have the task of supporting the weight of the upper chain center.
  • a box 23 is arranged below each upper chain center 4a, the vertical side walls 23a and 23b of which are connected to the tubes adjacent to the chain.
  • the lower run 4b of the chain 4 runs on the bottom 23c of this channel-like box, in such a way that the grate plates 20 lie on the floor with their surfaces lying above.
  • Ash 24 that has fallen through the grate is conveyed through the lower run 4b in the direction of the feed side of the grate (left end of the grate seen in FIG. 1), where it reaches the ash trolley 10.
  • collecting tubes 25 and 26 extend transversely to the tubes (see FIG. 1). All longitudinal tubes 14 are connected to these collecting tubes.
  • cold water can be supplied via the collecting pipe 26, which heats up on the way along the grate (opposite to the grate movement direction 5) and collects in the collecting pipe 25.
  • the heat contained in the hot water is used, for example in that the hot water is used as boiler feed water and is supplied to the boiler 1 via the connection 27, which is indicated schematically.
  • the dimensions of the grate can vary within wide limits.
  • the length 1 of the grate can be 500 to 10,000 mm.
  • the width of the Ro - Stes, gemssen perpendicular to the movement direction of the chains, may be up to about 3,000 mm.
  • the pitch t between two adjacent tubes 14 can be in the range of 60 mm to 200 mm.
  • the outer diameter D of the tubes 14 can be in the range from 38 mm to 159 mm. A suitable diameter is 60 mm.
  • the wall thickness s of the tubes 14 naturally depends on their diameter. As an example, it should be stated that with an outside diameter D of approx. 60 mm, the wall thickness s is approx. 4 mm.
  • FIG. 1 shows a practical size ratio between the width b of the grate plates 20 and the diameter D of the tubes 14. In the size relationships shown, more than half of the grate surface is seen in a projection in the direction of the arrow P in FIG. 2 the tubes 14 formed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
  • Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Grille à chaîne pour foyer, comportant: au moins une chaîne sans fin (4), tournante, à laquelle sont fixées des plaques de grille (20); des pignons de renvoi (5, 6) placés aux extrémités du foyer (3) et sur lesquels passe la chaîne (4); un guide (22) pour la chaîne sans fin (4); et un tube (14) parallèle au brin supérieur (4a) de la chaîne (4), s'étendant sur le côté 1 des plaques de grille (20), lesquelles lui sont adjacentes, et parcouru par un fluide d'extraction de la chaleur, caractérisé en ce que, le long de l'autre côté de la chaîne (4), est disposé un autre tube (14) adjacent aux plaques de grille (20), celles-ci recouvrant des glissières (15,16) disposées latéralement par rapport aux tubes (14), ces derniers étant des constituants essentiels de la surface du foyer.
2. Grille selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les glissières (15, 16) sont liées aux tubes (14).
3. Grille selon la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les glissières (15, 16) font partie des tubes (14).
4. Grille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que deux glissières (15,16) sont disposées chacune d'un côté de chaque tube (14), de préférence dans un plan diamétral (17), si bien que, pour une grille (3) à plusieurs chaînes parallèles, chaque tube (14) est placé entre deux brins supérieurs (4a) de chaîne.
5. Grille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les tubes (14) sont reliés à leurs extrémités par des collecteurs (25, 26).
6. Grille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce qu'un guide-chaîne (22) est disposé au-dessous du brin supérieur (4a) de la chaîne, de préférence sous la forme d'un canal à section en U dans lequel pénètre la chaîne (4), de préférence par la partie inférieure des maillons verticaux (18).
7. Grille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que des évidements (21) sont prévus dans les plaques de grille (20) pour permettre le passage d'air de combustion depuis la face inférieure de la surface du foyer vers sa face supérieure.
8. Grille selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins certains des évidements sont constitués par des entailles latérales (21).
9. Grille selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins certain des évidements sont constitués par des passages traversant les plaques de grille.
10. Grille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, en projection perpendiculaire à la surface du foyer, la partie de celle-ci qui est constituée par les tubes (14) représente 50 à 80%, de préférence 65% de l'aire totale.
11. Grille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que l'écartement (7) entre deux tubes (14) voisin est de l'ordre de 60 à 200 mm, de préférence environ 100 mm.
12. Grille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que la longueur du foyer (1) est de l'ordre de 500 à 10 000 mm et la largeur du foyer de l'ordre de 100 à 3000 mm.
13. Grille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que les tubes (14) ont une section circulaire en dehors de la zone des glissières (15, 16) incorporées.
14. Grille selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le système de tubes est relié à une installation de chaudière, par exemple pour le préchauffage de l'eau d'alimentation de la chaudière.
EP82111243A 1981-12-15 1982-12-04 Grille mécanique à mouvement continu d'un appareil à combustion Expired EP0081779B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82111243T ATE24238T1 (de) 1981-12-15 1982-12-04 Wanderrost fuer eine feuerungsanlage.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3149548 1981-12-15
DE3149548A DE3149548C2 (de) 1981-12-15 1981-12-15 Rost für eine Feuerungsanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0081779A1 EP0081779A1 (fr) 1983-06-22
EP0081779B1 true EP0081779B1 (fr) 1986-12-10

Family

ID=6148719

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82111243A Expired EP0081779B1 (fr) 1981-12-15 1982-12-04 Grille mécanique à mouvement continu d'un appareil à combustion

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4487138A (fr)
EP (1) EP0081779B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE24238T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3149548C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES8308988A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202013006609U1 (de) 2013-07-23 2013-08-07 Anstatt Schienenfahrzeuge-Kraftwerksanlagenbau Gmbh Kettenrost für Feuerungsanlagen

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE445771B (sv) * 1983-10-24 1986-07-14 Scandiaconsult Ab Forfarande och anordning for eldning av fasta brenslen, huvudsakligen i styckeform
DE3902159A1 (de) * 1989-01-25 1990-07-26 Nils Erik Tunstroemer Vorrichtung zum verbrennen und/oder thermischen zersetzen von brennmaterial, insbesondere festen brennstoffen
US5178076A (en) * 1991-09-06 1993-01-12 Hand David J Bio-mass burner construction
JP4078502B2 (ja) * 2000-07-14 2008-04-23 味の素株式会社 炭火焼き食品の製造方法及び装置
CN111578299B (zh) * 2020-06-02 2024-06-14 佳木斯大学 一种生物质锅炉防结渣的链条炉排

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1415520U (fr) *
GB592907A (en) * 1945-06-06 1947-10-02 Stanley Archibald Payne Improvements in or relating to water tube boilers
US1423540A (en) * 1919-12-22 1922-07-25 Green Eng Co Liquid-cooled conduit for furnaces
US1522595A (en) * 1920-11-29 1925-01-13 Ralph E Schurtz System of burning solid fuel
US1456649A (en) * 1921-07-25 1923-05-29 Green Eng Co Ledge plate and water-box mounting for furnaces
US1597109A (en) * 1922-08-07 1926-08-24 Green Eng Co Furnace
US1930584A (en) * 1929-03-16 1933-10-17 Electric Furnace Co Belt drive conveyer
FR691273A (fr) * 1930-03-06 1930-10-20 Walther & Cie Ag Grille mobile de grande largeur
DE595147C (de) * 1932-02-12 1934-10-13 Willi Thieme Vorschubrost
DE640337C (de) * 1935-12-20 1936-12-30 Ferdinand Graafen Fluessigkeitsgekuehlter Vorschubrost
DE912001C (de) * 1950-08-30 1954-05-24 Hans Viessmann Hohlrost fuer Feuerungen, insbesondere von Heizkesseln und Dampfkesseln
US3962977A (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-06-15 Illinois Stoker Company Grate bar casting for incinerator or other conveyor
CH636942A5 (de) * 1979-05-30 1983-06-30 Sulzer Ag Wirbelschichtfeuerung mit einem ebenen rost.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202013006609U1 (de) 2013-07-23 2013-08-07 Anstatt Schienenfahrzeuge-Kraftwerksanlagenbau Gmbh Kettenrost für Feuerungsanlagen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0081779A1 (fr) 1983-06-22
US4487138A (en) 1984-12-11
ATE24238T1 (de) 1986-12-15
ES518172A0 (es) 1983-10-01
DE3149548A1 (de) 1983-06-23
ES8308988A1 (es) 1983-10-01
DE3149548C2 (de) 1984-05-30

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