EP0621449B1 - Procédé pour la combustion de déchets sur une grille de combustion ainsi qu'une grille de combustion pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé et barreau pour la fabrication d'une telle grille - Google Patents

Procédé pour la combustion de déchets sur une grille de combustion ainsi qu'une grille de combustion pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé et barreau pour la fabrication d'une telle grille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0621449B1
EP0621449B1 EP93810393A EP93810393A EP0621449B1 EP 0621449 B1 EP0621449 B1 EP 0621449B1 EP 93810393 A EP93810393 A EP 93810393A EP 93810393 A EP93810393 A EP 93810393A EP 0621449 B1 EP0621449 B1 EP 0621449B1
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Prior art keywords
grate
combustion
plate
primary air
plates
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EP93810393A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0621449B2 (fr
EP0621449A1 (fr
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Doikos Investments Ltd
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Doikos Investments Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L1/00—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion 
    • F23L1/02—Passages or apertures for delivering primary air for combustion  by discharging the air below the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
    • F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
    • F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/10—Arrangement of sensing devices
    • F23G2207/101—Arrangement of sensing devices for temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2207/00—Control
    • F23G2207/30—Oxidant supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates

Definitions

  • the invention relates primarily to a grate plate for producing a combustion grate and a combustion grate constructed from a plurality of such grate plates for the combustion of waste. Secondly, the invention relates to a method for burning waste on such a combustion grate.
  • Burning grates have always been known for the combustion of rubbish.
  • a special type of combustion grate is the so-called thrust combustion grate, which includes moving parts which are suitable for performing thrust strokes, thereby conveying the firing material on the grate.
  • the feed grids are differentiated from the feed back grids. On the former, the firing material is conveyed in the forward direction to the firing material loading, on the latter in the backward direction.
  • the return grids and feed grids inclined downwards in the forward direction have been known for decades and have found widespread use in waste incineration plants.
  • the present invention relates generally to incineration grids, regardless of whether they convey the firing material forward or backward to the loading direction, the feed grate will be dealt with first.
  • a mechanical drive device ensures that each such second grate step executes a stoking stroke, which consists in that these grate steps can be moved back and forth in the direction of their inclination. This ensures that the burning waste lying on the moving grate is constantly relocated with a long dwell time of 45 to 120 minutes and evenly distributed on the grate.
  • the feed grate is fed with rubbish at the top of the grate. In this so-called loading area, the incoming rubbish is initially dried by the thermal radiation acting on it. This is followed by an area on the feed grate in which gasification begins, in which the solid components of the refuse change into the gaseous state and release energy.
  • the moving grate can be compared to a tiled roof with the opposite slope. It has the advantage that the embers are pushed back to the beginning of the grate.
  • the primary combustion overlaps from the beginning of the grate to the end.
  • This intensive rubbish fire which begins directly at the beginning of the grate, is an essential feature of a push-back grate. It is created by combining and mixing already burning refuse components with the upward conveying effect of the grate with not yet ignited parts of the firing material, whereby a zone of very high temperature with high combustion intensity is already created at the beginning of the grate.
  • the stoking movement consists on the one hand of the natural downward movement of the firing material due to gravity and the counteracting pushing movement of the grate.
  • a buffer effect against fluctuations in the calorific value of the fired material can be generated by reliably preventing the ignition from tearing off or the fire running away in the direction of the grate end.
  • Such push-back grates ensure a uniformly high burning layer without holes that would leave the grate uncovered and thus lead to its thermal wear.
  • the individual grate bars are made of cast chrome steel regardless of the grate type, which is intended to ensure high wear resistance and heat resistance.
  • the grate bars are machine-ground to achieve a tight fit and thus a high flow resistance of the grate covering for the primary air flowing in from below, with the least possible amount of grate diarrhea.
  • the primary air enters the combustion bed via a gap, also ground out of the side surface, in the area of the head end of the grate bar.
  • the head end is covered by the next overlapping grate bar, which should keep these air gaps clear.
  • a combustion air supply that is defined at any time and at any location on the grate is the most important prerequisite for the operation of a waste furnace, which should have the lowest possible emissions.
  • the primary air is fed to the combustion bed in the grate longitudinal direction via 5 to 6 separate air zones.
  • the supply of combustion air to each such individual air zone is measured and regulated separately. This is done either via supply pipes with Venturi measuring points or pressure measurements via the individual orifices that are assigned to each primary air zone are.
  • a push-back grate has compensating segments. These usually consist of movable center piece plates and movable side plates of the grate, which are able to compensate for this dilatation.
  • a grate has become known from FR-A 2'587'092, which consists of two perforated sheets spaced parallel to one another, the perforation holes lying one above the other and connected with conical, welded pipes. Water can flow through the cavity.
  • FR-A 2'587'092 which consists of two perforated sheets spaced parallel to one another, the perforation holes lying one above the other and connected with conical, welded pipes. Water can flow through the cavity.
  • Such a one-piece grate is, however, inconceivable for installation in a waste incineration plant, because here the grates have clear widths of several meters and the length of such grates generally measures a multiple of the width.
  • a single grate sheet would consist of a single inclined plate made of an upper and a lower plate according to FR-A 2'587'092 for various reasons: firstly, such a plate construction would be far too difficult for handling, secondly, insurmountable dilation problems would arise arise, which would lead to internal tension and warping of such a plate, and thirdly, the rubbish conveyance on the grate could not be influenced, which is essential for achieving a reasonably optimal combustion process.
  • a grate is known from horizontal and inclined sections, which are offset downwards in a step-like manner.
  • the individual grate elements have nozzles for the supply of primary air.
  • FR-A 2'247'134 discloses a grate consisting of a plurality of stacked elements, the grate surface as a whole having a downward inclination in the conveying direction, while the individual elements are inclined downwards in relation to the conveying direction. The elements can also be moved against each other.
  • the object of the present invention is primarily to provide a grate plate by means of a number of which can be used to produce a thrust combustion grate, and on the other hand it is an object of the invention to provide such a thrust combustion grate which is significantly less expensive in production, a significantly longer service life than conventional thrust combustion grates is only subjected to minimal dilation, so that corresponding compensation segments can be omitted, and which has a smaller grate diarrhea than conventional combustion grates, and which, in a special version, also enables a more targeted primary air supply.
  • the object of the present invention to provide, based on the grate plate and the thrust combustion grate according to the invention, a method which allows a better optimized combustion of the rubbish on a combustion grate by reducing the slag diarrhea and the combustion grate being stable at a lower temperature level , so that the primary air supply can be controlled in such a way that an optimal combustion chamber temperature spectrum is achieved and thus the calorific value of the waste to be burned is better utilized.
  • the first object is achieved on the one hand by a grate plate for producing a combustion grate or a grate track for burning garbage, which consists of a plurality of grate stages which can be moved relative to one another, the grate plate being characterized by the characterizing features of patent claim 1.
  • Such a grate plate replaces a whole series of conventional grate bars and thus forms a full grate level.
  • Their manufacture is significantly simpler and less expensive than that of rust bars made of cast chrome steel. Because it can be cooled, it is only subjected to a slight dilation, so that there is no need to compensate for this dilation.
  • the grate diarrhea is greatly reduced because the grate plate extends across the entire width of the grate.
  • the first object is achieved on the other hand by a combustion grate for burning rubbish, which consists of a plurality of grate stages which can be moved relative to one another and which is characterized in that it consists of a plurality of grate plates according to one of the claims 1 to 6, and further by the characterizing features of Claim 7 is distinguished.
  • the second object is achieved by a method for burning garbage on a combustion grate, the interior of which is flowed through by a liquid which tempers the combustion grate, and which is penetrated by a plurality of holes which are formed by continuous pipe sections through which air is supplied to the fire from below the combustion grate, the method being characterized by the characterizing features of patent claim 12.
  • the grate By cooling, the grate can be kept at a lower temperature and can therefore consist of a few continuous grate plates, so that the number of slots through which slag can fall through the grate is reduced. Furthermore, the relatively low temperature of the grate during operation enables primary air supply lines to be optionally connected directly to the grate on its underside, as a result of which the primary air can be supplied locally in a very targeted manner. Such a grate makes it possible to drive a fire which is approximately geometrically defined, in that the primary air supply can take place in a very targeted manner. This achieves a better burnout and thus a higher boiler efficiency and better flue gas values. In addition, the service life of such a grate is much longer and the production costs are significantly lower. Finally, slag diarrhea is greatly reduced.
  • a grate plate for example, and a combustion grate produced from a plurality of such grate plates are described with reference to the drawings, and their function and also the method according to the invention operated with them are explained in detail.
  • a single grate plate 1 of such a combustion grate is shown in perspective in FIG.
  • the example of the design of the grate plate 1 consists of two chrome steel sheet metal shells, namely a shell for the top side of the grate plate 2 and a shell for the bottom side of the grate plate 3.
  • the two sheet metal shells 2, 3 are welded together.
  • their edges are advantageously shaped in such a way that the two shells 2, 3 can be slipped into one another with their edges.
  • the two end faces of the hollow profile thus created are welded tightly with end plates.
  • the rear end plate 4 is inserted, while the front end face 5 is still free and allows an insight into the interior of the hollow profile.
  • a cavity sealed to the outside is formed in the interior of the grate plate 1.
  • This medium is basically used to temper the grate plate 1 and is a liquid.
  • the cooling liquid can be, for example, water or oil or another liquid suitable for cooling. Conversely, the liquid can also be used to heat the grate plate 1.
  • the grate plate 1 can be used for cooling as well as for heating, that is to say in general for tempering the grate plate 1.
  • Bottom 3 opposite openings 8,9 are tightly connected to one another with tubular elements 21, for example conical tubes 21 with a round, elliptical or slot-shaped diameter, each of these elements 21 being welded tightly into the grate plate top 2 and the grate plate bottom 3 .
  • the funnel-shaped bushings thus created through the grate plate 1 enable targeted ventilation of the firing material lying on the grate by air flow from the bottom side of the grate plate 3.
  • supply pipes or hoses for the primary air to be blown are connected to the individual mouths of the continuous pipes on the underside 3 of the grate plate 1.
  • the grate plate 1 shown here has a cross section such that a largely flat surface 2 is formed on the top 2 of the plate 1, on which the firing material is intended to lie.
  • the lower side 3 has bevels, so that feet 10, 11 are formed to a certain extent.
  • a round rod 13, on which the grate plate 1 rests, runs in the interior of this channel 12 along one foot 10, which here contains a channel 12.
  • the other foot 11 is flat at the bottom and is intended to rest on the adjacent grate plate, which is of the same shape.
  • such a grate plate can also consist of a prefabricated hollow profile, in which only the two end sides are welded together with a suitable end plate.
  • the funnel shaped continuous tubes can be welded in later by milling or drilling out correspondingly small holes on the top, and correspondingly somewhat larger holes on the underside of the grate plate. From the side of the larger holes, funnel-shaped pipes or elements can then be pushed through the grate plate, which are then sealed to the grate plate outside.
  • These tubes or elements 21 are therefore chosen to be conical or funnel-shaped, because in this way any possible sticking of rust in them can practically be ruled out by the walls being somewhat overhanging due to the conicity.
  • the mouths can then be ground flat with the top of the grate plate. Connection pipes or hoses can be screwed to these continuous pipes at the bottom.
  • a manganese-alloyed sheet of such a thickness is suitable that it can just be bent, that is to say of a thickness of the order of about 10 millimeters.
  • the sheet should also have a sufficiently good thermal conductivity so that no large temperature differences can occur within the grate, thus avoiding stresses in its material.
  • a grate plate is made from two half-shells or with hollow profiles, it is in any case significantly cheaper to produce than the step of a conventional grate, which consists of a large number of grate bars.
  • a grate plate is shown partially cut open in FIG.
  • This grate plate is divided into two chambers 51, 52 by means of a partition bulkhead 50.
  • This grate plate is one that is installed in the first part of a combustion grate, in which no primary air supply is used, which is why the plate shown here, in contrast to that in FIG. 1, contains no tubular elements and thus also has no openings.
  • Combustion grates usually consist of three to five different zones, each consisting of a number of several grate plates, primary air being supplied only from the second zone.
  • Baffles 53 are installed in the interior of the two chambers 51, 52, which are welded tightly to the bottom of the grate plate, but on the top leave an air gap of a few tenths of a millimeter to the inside of the top of the grate plate, so that gas gaps can be exchanged within the baffles through these air gaps 53 formed labyrinths can take place.
  • a cooling medium is pumped through the connection stub 6 into the grate plate chamber 52, which then flows through the labyrinth formed by the baffles 53 as indicated by the arrows and finally flows out of the chamber through the stub 7. Because the cooling medium has a larger area for heat absorption while flowing through, a better heat exchange is achieved.
  • each plank 54 consists of two superimposed square tubes 55, 56, the intermediate wall 57 thus formed being shortened at one end, so that a connection is formed there between the inside of the two square tubes 55, 56.
  • Coolant is pumped from a connection 58 through the plank 54, which then flows through the two square tubes 55, 56, as indicated by the arrows, and finally flows out of the plank 54 through the connection piece 59.
  • a shielding plate (not shown here) can also be arranged, which surrounds the plank 54 on the side of the combustion plate and serves as a wear element because of the friction occurring between the grate plate and the plank.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic cross section through a combustion grate which consists of a plurality of grate plates, as have just been described.
  • Figure 3a) and Figure 3b) show two different snapshots of the operation of this combustion grate, the movable grate plates perform strokes.
  • Those grate plates 14, 15 which are drawn with solid lines form stationary grate plates, while those grate plates 16, 17 which are drawn with a hatched cross section represent movable grate plates.
  • These movable grate plates 16, 17 can now perform strokes by moving back and forth as indicated by the arrows.
  • the drive takes place via the round rods 13, which are fastened to profiles 18, which in turn can be moved back and forth via a mechanical drive.
  • the combustion grate as shown in Figure 3 is horizontal with respect to the general direction of conveyance. This is a feed grate, because the firing material is conveyed by the grate or by the moving grate plates, every second of which is movable and carries out strokes.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the combustion grate is constructed identically from several combustion grate plates, except that it is now inclined on one side by approximately 25 °. Therefore, the grate plates now push the firing material upwards against the general conveying direction by means of the strokes they have carried out. It is thereby achieved that the firing material, which moves slowly downwards on the grate due to gravity, is always pushed back a little by the strokes and thereby rearranged, which is conducive to complete combustion.
  • a combustion grate made of such grate plates can be horizontal, downward or upward inclined, as required.
  • FIG. 5 shows a supply siphon 30 as it can be installed below the combustion grate for each primary air supply line. Because some rust diarrhea can inevitably fall down through the small openings in the grate plates, this grate diarrhea falls into the supply lines for the primary air in the form of finely powdered slag. It is therefore necessary to provide such supply siphons 30 in which the grate diarrhea is collected and at the same time the unimpeded continuous air supply is ensured.
  • Such a siphon is designed at the bottom, for example, similar to the shape of an Erlenmeyer flask, the bottom of the siphon being closed by a spring-loaded flap 31.
  • the flap 31 is pivotable about a hinge 32 and a spring 33 loads the flap 31 with its one leg 34 from below and with the other leg 35 the side wall of the siphon.
  • An actuating lever 36 which is fixedly connected to the flap 31, projects away from the hinge 32 and is in the effective range of a solenoid 37. When its coil 38 is energized, this electromagnet is able to attract the actuating lever 36 to its core 39, as a result of which the flap 31 is opened and the accumulated grate diarrhea 40 falls into an underlying trough.
  • the primary air supply line 41 leads into the interior of the siphon 30.
  • This supply line leads downward into the siphon, so that rusting diarrhea can under no circumstances fall into this supply line, since a strong air stream does not necessarily have to flow through it continuously his.
  • the neck 42 of the siphon is connected via a heat-resistant flexible line 43 to the lower mouth of a single conical tube which leads through a grate plate 1.
  • the method according to the invention can now be carried out with a combustion grate constructed from grate plates 1 of this type.
  • Liquids are used as the medium for tempering the grate.
  • the aim of the process is to keep the temperature of the grate at a constant level and thereby significantly reduce its wear.
  • the temperatures should thus be in the range of up to approximately 150 °, which entails a low thermal material load and has a correspondingly positive effect on the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the grate plates 1.
  • the medium used for temperature control can be in a heat exchange with the primary air to be supplied.
  • a commercially available heat exchanger can be used for this, which works according to the counterflow principle.
  • thermoelectric heat exchanger By means of such a heat exchanger it is possible, for example, to preheat the primary air, which is conducive to optimal combustion with certain combustibles. Especially with organic waste components, for example with rotten or rotten vegetables or fruits, preheating the primary air is very desirable because it improves combustion.
  • the temperature control medium can absorb the heat from the exhaust air from the combustion that is already taking place and then introduce it into the grate plates of the combustion grate.
  • a second, just as significant part of the method according to the invention is that the fired material is optimally supplied with primary air, so that its calorific value is used in the best possible way and its combustion takes place as completely as possible.
  • the temperature spectrum in the combustion chamber above the combustion grate is determined using a large number of temperature measuring probes. These measuring probes can also be built into the surface of the grate plates.
  • the temperature spectrum can also be determined using a pyrometer.
  • solenoid valves can be used in the supply lines, which are controlled by a central microprocessor in which the optimally selected temperature range of the combustion chamber can be stored.
  • a control loop can be formed, according to which the individual solenoid valves are individually opened in a slightly more or less precise manner and allow primary air to flow through the individual supply lines.
  • the primary air supply is provided by one or more powerful compressors or fans.
  • the method according to the invention enables a greatly improved combustion and thus a better utilization of the calorific values of the various combustion goods.
  • tempering and in particular by cooling the grate plates the service life of the combustion grate can be increased considerably.
  • the combustion grate according to the invention is simple and much cheaper to produce with individual grate plates than conventional combustion grates, which consist of a large number of grate bars which can be moved relative to one another and which are also exposed to high mechanical and thermal wear.
  • the problematic dilatation is practically eliminated by keeping the temperature constant at a comparatively low level, which means that the previously complex measures to compensate for this heat-related dilatation are no longer necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (14)

1. Plaque de grille (1) pour la réalisation d'une grille de combustion et/ou d'un tapis de grille pour la combustion d'ordures, composé(e) de plusieurs gradins de grille mobiles les uns par rapport aux autres, la plaque de grille (1) présentant extérieurement en général la forme d'une planche, caractérisée en ce que la plaque de grille (1) s'étend sur toute la largeur de la grille de combustion et/ou du tapis de grille, en formant ainsi un gradin entier de grille; que cette plaque de grille (1) est réalisée en tôle, qu'elle forme un corps creux (1), présentant un dessus et un dessous (2, 3) et qu'elle présente sur une face du dessous (3) au moins une tubulure de raccordement (6) et sur l'autre face du dessous (3) au moins une tubulure d'évacuation (7), pour l'arrivée et l'évacuation d'un fluide devant la traverser pour la tempérer.
2. Plaque de grille (1) suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la plaque de grille (1) est traversée par un certain nombre de tubes coniques, de section circulaire, elliptique ou en forme de fente, destinés à l'alimentation en air primaire, les embouchures (8) de ces tubes étant soudées jointivement à la surface (2) de la plaque de grille.
3. Plaque de grille (1) suivant une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est composée de deux demi-coques (2, 3) en tôle, qui, par leurs faces creuses, sont orientées l'une vers l'autre et, par leurs bords, sont soudées imbriquées entre elles.
4. Plaque de grille (1) suivant une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'à l'intérieur de la plaque (1) se trouvent des chicanes créant un labyrinthe, destiné à recevoir la circulation forcée du fluide de refroidissement pour l'amélioration de l'échange thermique.
5. Plaque de grille (1) suivant une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que l'intérieur de la plaque de grille est divisé par des parois (50) en plusieurs chambres étanches (51, 52), comportant chacune une tubulure de raccordement (6) et une tubulure d'évacuation (7).
6. Plaque de grille (1) suivant une des revendications 1 à 2, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est réalisée à partir d'un profilé creux, fermé des deux côtés et formé d'une seule pièce.
7. Grille de combustion d'ordures, composée de plusieurs gradins de grille, mobiles les uns par rapport aux autres, caractérisée en ce qu'elle est composée d'un certain nombre de plaques de grille (14-17) suivant une des revendications 1 à 6, en ce que ces plaques (14-17) s'étendent dans le sens de leur longueur sur toute la largeur de la grille de combustion ou d'un tapis de grille, chaque plaque formant un gradin de grille entier, cependant que ce gradin chevauche le gradin immédiatement voisin dans le sens de déplacement ou dans le sens contraire et qu'il repose sur lui.
8. Grille de combustion suivant la revendication 7, caractérisée en qu'une plaque de grille (16, 17) sur deux est reliée à un mécanisme d'entraînement, au moyen duquel elle peut exécuter un va-et-vient par rapport aux plaques de grille fixes (14, 15) des gradins de grille voisins, afin de produire un mouvement de ringardage dans la ligne de chute de leur inclinaison.
9. Grille de combustion suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en que la grille est du type grille de recul ou du type grille d'avance et que, par rapport au sens de déplacement du produit à brûler, elle est horizontale ou inclinée vers le haut ou vers le bas.
10. Grille de combustion suivant une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisée en ce que les tubes d'alimentation en air primaire débouchant sous la grille et la traversant sont raccordés en dessous d'elle à des siphons d'alimentation en air (30), par lesquels l'air primaire peut être pompé vers la grille et que ces siphons (30) présentent chacun par-dessous un clapet de chute (31), qui peut être actionné par télécommande, au moyen d'un solénoïde (37), pour la vidange des fines de tamisage (40) se trouvant dans le siphon.
11. Grille de combustion suivant une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisée en ce que les plaques de grille (1) sont guidées latéralement sur des glissières (54), dont l'intérieur peut être parcouru par un fluide de refroidissement.
12. Procédé pour la conbustion d'ordures sur une grille de combustion, dont l'intérieur est parcouru par un liquide tempérant la grille et qui est traversée par un grand nombre de trous, formés par des tronçons traversants de tubes, par lesquels la chambre de combustion est alimentée en air par le dessous de la grille de combustion, caractérisé en ce que les ordures sont brûlées sur une grille de combustion à poussée, composée de plusieurs gradins de grille exécutant des mouvements de ringardage les uns par rapport aux autres, ces gradins étant formés de plaques de combustion (1; 14-17) creuses, traversées par un liquide et s'étendant sur toute la largeur de la grille, et que l'alimentation en air primaire peut être dosée individuellement pour chaque trou (8).
13. Procédé suivant la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que la commande de l'alimentation en air primaire est réalisée au moyen d'un microprocesseur, commandant l'alimentation en air pour chaque trou individuel (8) pratiqué dans la grille de combustion, en fonction de la température mesurée dans la zone du trou (8) considéré, de telle sorte que le spectre de température régnant dans la chambre de combustion est rendu proche d'un spectre de température idéal, déterminable à l'avance.
14. Procédé suivant une des revendications 12 à 13, caractérisé en ce que le fluide tempérant la grille de combustion est, au moyen d'un échangeur thermique, en échange thermique avec l'air primaire alimenté et/ou avec l'air usé de combustion.
EP93810393A 1993-04-20 1993-06-01 Procédé pour la combustion de déchets sur une grille de combustion ainsi qu'une grille de combustion pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Expired - Lifetime EP0621449B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH1231/93A CH684118A5 (de) 1993-04-20 1993-04-20 Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Kehricht auf einem Verbrennungsrost sowie Verbrennungsrost zur Ausübung des Verfahrens und Rostplatte für einen solchen Verbrennungsrost.
CH123193 1993-04-20
CH1231/93 1993-04-20

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EP0621449A1 EP0621449A1 (fr) 1994-10-26
EP0621449B1 true EP0621449B1 (fr) 1995-08-09
EP0621449B2 EP0621449B2 (fr) 2000-06-28

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US (1) US5673636A (fr)
EP (1) EP0621449B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2935752B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100283946B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1105871C (fr)
AT (1) ATE126342T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU6422694A (fr)
CA (1) CA2138666C (fr)
CH (1) CH684118A5 (fr)
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DE (2) DE59300462D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0621449T4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2080601T5 (fr)
FR (1) FR2704303B3 (fr)
NO (1) NO302436B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994024487A1 (fr)

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JPH08219432A (ja) * 1994-11-17 1996-08-30 Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag 冷却式火格子ブロック
DE19632316C1 (de) * 1996-08-10 1997-09-04 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Rostplatte
DE19622424C2 (de) * 1996-06-04 1998-10-29 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Rostelement und Rost mit Flüssigkeitskühlung
DE19753981A1 (de) * 1997-12-05 1999-06-17 Alstom Energy Syst Gmbh Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Rostplatte
US6024031A (en) * 1997-04-23 2000-02-15 Doikos Investments Limited Water-cooled thrust combustion grate
US6145451A (en) * 1996-12-06 2000-11-14 Zurl; Emil Water-cooled firing grate
US6155184A (en) * 1997-10-29 2000-12-05 Doikos Investments Limited Process for incinerating solids on a water-cooled thrust combustion grate, and a grate plate and grate for accomplishing the process
EP1085264A1 (fr) 1999-09-13 2001-03-21 ABB (Schweiz) AG Procédé et dispositif pour le refroidissement par eau d'une grille de combustion
US6213031B1 (en) 1998-09-15 2001-04-10 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method of cooling a grate for a furnace and grate for a furnace
EP1355112A1 (fr) 2002-04-17 2003-10-22 Seghers Keppel Technology Group Barreau de grille d'incinérateur, méthode pour son refroidissement et procédé pour sa fabrication
CN105222592A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2016-01-06 常州大学 一种具有温度梯度功能的平动模式烟煤燃烧炉

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DE19613507C1 (de) * 1996-04-04 1997-08-21 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Rostplatte
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EP0972989A1 (fr) 1998-07-15 2000-01-19 Asea Brown Boveri AG Procédé de combustion de solides
ATE210800T1 (de) 1998-11-10 2001-12-15 Doikos Investments Ltd Wassergekühlter verbrennungsrost, sowie verfahren zum verbrennen von kehricht auf demselben
DE19910425C2 (de) 1999-03-10 2000-12-28 Teset Ag Weismes Waimes Rostsystem für einen Brennstoffkessel
CA2270484C (fr) * 1999-04-27 2000-10-17 Maxi-Tour Inc. Dispositif de transfert d'articles
US6981455B2 (en) * 2002-03-08 2006-01-03 Lefcort Malcolm D Two-stage wet waste gasifier and burner
FR2868514B1 (fr) * 2004-04-01 2006-06-16 Vinci Environnement Sa Grille d'incineration a gradins fixes refroidis a l'eau
FR2868515B1 (fr) * 2004-04-01 2015-04-24 Vinci Environnement Module de grille pour four d'incineration des ordures menageres
EP1996863A1 (fr) * 2006-03-17 2008-12-03 Doikos Investments, Ltd. Grille refroidie par liquide comprenant des plaques d'usure
DE102006026434B3 (de) 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Schlackequalität von Rostfeuerungsanlagen
CH701280B1 (de) 2007-08-22 2010-12-31 Doikos Investments Ltd Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Rostplatte mit Verschleissplatten und aus solchen Rostplatten bestehender Stufenrost.
CH703063A1 (de) 2010-04-21 2011-10-31 Marco Bachmann Verkleidungselement für Vorrichtungsteile von Verbrennungsöfen.
CH703509B1 (de) 2010-07-30 2014-08-29 Doikos Investments Ltd Wassergekühlter Schub-Verbrennungsrost mit einem hydraulischen Antrieb für seine beweglichen Rostplatten.
KR20130040239A (ko) 2010-07-30 2013-04-23 도이코스 인베스트먼츠 리미티드 평행한 드라이브를 구비하는 수냉식 슬라이딩 연소 화격자
GB2483479A (en) 2010-09-09 2012-03-14 Tiska Gmbh Furnace grate bars
CN102721067B (zh) * 2012-07-11 2015-01-14 光大环保科技发展（北京）有限公司 一种水冷往复多级液压机械式炉排炉
EP2778523B1 (fr) * 2013-03-14 2019-06-19 Hitachi Zosen Inova AG Dispositif de traitement d'impuretés
DE102014008858A1 (de) 2014-06-16 2015-12-17 Joachim Kümmel Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Abfall und Biomassen auf einem Flossenwand-Stufenrost sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
CN106196090A (zh) * 2015-05-05 2016-12-07 荏原环境工程株式会社 炉床构成部件、炉排以及炉床构成部件的制造方法
CN105258501A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2016-01-20 常州大学 一种坩埚自牵引式轴向温度分区燃烧炉
AT518525B1 (de) * 2016-10-04 2017-11-15 Herz Energietechnik Gmbh Anlage und Verfahren zur Verbrennung organischen Materials
JP3219985U (ja) * 2018-11-22 2019-01-31 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 火格子
DE102020003114A1 (de) * 2020-05-25 2021-11-25 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Roststab, Roststabanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Roststabanordnung
WO2022118473A1 (fr) * 2020-12-04 2022-06-09 天翔 施 Grille de foyer et dispositif de grille de foyer
KR102485539B1 (ko) * 2022-05-17 2023-01-06 에스엠메탈(주) 소각로용 화격자
CN115744063B (zh) * 2022-12-20 2023-11-07 兴化市龙盛机械制造有限公司 一种链篦机及其篦板的使用方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08219432A (ja) * 1994-11-17 1996-08-30 Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag 冷却式火格子ブロック
US5617801A (en) * 1994-11-17 1997-04-08 Von Roll Umwelttechnik Ag Cooled grate block
DE19622424C2 (de) * 1996-06-04 1998-10-29 Martin Umwelt & Energietech Rostelement und Rost mit Flüssigkeitskühlung
DE19632316C1 (de) * 1996-08-10 1997-09-04 Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech Rostplatte
EP0825383A2 (fr) 1996-08-10 1998-02-25 EVT Energie- und Verfahrenstechnik GmbH Plaque de grille
US6145451A (en) * 1996-12-06 2000-11-14 Zurl; Emil Water-cooled firing grate
US6024031A (en) * 1997-04-23 2000-02-15 Doikos Investments Limited Water-cooled thrust combustion grate
US6155184A (en) * 1997-10-29 2000-12-05 Doikos Investments Limited Process for incinerating solids on a water-cooled thrust combustion grate, and a grate plate and grate for accomplishing the process
DE19753981C2 (de) * 1997-12-05 2000-04-06 Alstom Energy Syst Gmbh Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Rostplatte
DE19753981A1 (de) * 1997-12-05 1999-06-17 Alstom Energy Syst Gmbh Flüssigkeitsgekühlte Rostplatte
US6269756B1 (en) 1997-12-05 2001-08-07 Alstom Energy Systems Gmbh Liquid cooled grate plate
US6213031B1 (en) 1998-09-15 2001-04-10 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Method of cooling a grate for a furnace and grate for a furnace
EP1085264A1 (fr) 1999-09-13 2001-03-21 ABB (Schweiz) AG Procédé et dispositif pour le refroidissement par eau d'une grille de combustion
DE19943665B4 (de) * 1999-09-13 2006-04-13 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Kühlung eines Rostes für einen Feuerraum mittels Wasser sowie Rost zur Verbrennung von Feststoffen
EP1355112A1 (fr) 2002-04-17 2003-10-22 Seghers Keppel Technology Group Barreau de grille d'incinérateur, méthode pour son refroidissement et procédé pour sa fabrication
CN105222592A (zh) * 2015-09-30 2016-01-06 常州大学 一种具有温度梯度功能的平动模式烟煤燃烧炉
CN105222592B (zh) * 2015-09-30 2017-08-01 常州大学 一种具有温度梯度功能的平动模式烟煤燃烧炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ320294A3 (en) 1995-06-14
EP0621449B2 (fr) 2000-06-28
KR100283946B1 (ko) 2001-09-17
NO302436B1 (no) 1998-03-02
CH684118A5 (de) 1994-07-15
DE59300462D1 (de) 1995-09-14
FR2704303B3 (fr) 1995-03-31
ATE126342T1 (de) 1995-08-15
JPH07508829A (ja) 1995-09-28
CA2138666C (fr) 2007-12-04
AU6422694A (en) 1994-11-08
DE9309198U1 (de) 1993-08-19
ES2080601T3 (es) 1996-02-01
EP0621449A1 (fr) 1994-10-26
WO1994024487A1 (fr) 1994-10-27
CA2138666A1 (fr) 1994-10-27
DK0621449T4 (da) 2000-10-02
US5673636A (en) 1997-10-07
NO932063L (no) 1994-10-21
NO932063D0 (no) 1993-06-07
FR2704303A3 (fr) 1994-10-28
JP2935752B2 (ja) 1999-08-16
CN1105871C (zh) 2003-04-16
ES2080601T5 (es) 2000-11-16
DK0621449T3 (da) 1995-12-18
CZ282274B6 (cs) 1997-06-11
CN1107282A (zh) 1995-08-23

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