EP0165432A1 - Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels - Google Patents

Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0165432A1
EP0165432A1 EP85105632A EP85105632A EP0165432A1 EP 0165432 A1 EP0165432 A1 EP 0165432A1 EP 85105632 A EP85105632 A EP 85105632A EP 85105632 A EP85105632 A EP 85105632A EP 0165432 A1 EP0165432 A1 EP 0165432A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
oven
bars
air
preferably according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85105632A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0165432B1 (fr
Inventor
Theodor Koch
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Individual
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Priority to AT85105632T priority Critical patent/ATE43004T1/de
Publication of EP0165432A1 publication Critical patent/EP0165432A1/fr
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Publication of EP0165432B1 publication Critical patent/EP0165432B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a furnace, in particular for the combustion of waste, coal, wood and industrial waste, with grate sloping backwards in stages.
  • the pressure drop in the combustion air lies in the grate or grate covering and not in the combustion material. Air pressure builds up under the grate. The combustion air only flows into the medium to be burned through recesses, holes or slots in the grate. It is less important whether there is good or poorly flammable material on the grate.
  • a device for compensating dimensional changes in components caused by temperature fluctuations in particular in the case of a grate or an input device for furnaces, which has at least one displacement direction of a component which is movable in the direction of a compensation of the temperature fluctuations and must be compensated for and against this Component has a cheek that can be pressed by means of an adjusting device.
  • the cheek is swinging and open Bearing provided, which are movable in the direction of the displacement movement of the component or components to be compensated.
  • CH-PS 619 764 this construction is quite expensive to carry out and its moving parts are more prone to failure than if no such moving parts were provided.
  • Another construction discloses a feed grate for incinerators, in particular garbage incinerators, with rows of grate blocks which can be moved in the feed direction and run transversely to the grate.
  • each transverse row is engaging with one of the two outermost grate blocks this transverse row and the gaps R ostblöcke resiliently pressing to each other the clamping device is provided.
  • CH-PS 585 372 This construction is also prone to failure and complicated because of the parts to be moved in rough operation at high temperatures.
  • the present invention aims to provide a furnace which avoids temperature-compensating means as externally moved parts and is therefore more suitable in terms of operation and wear than the previously known designs.
  • Another object of the invention is to develop a combustion grate system which achieves a very high degree of efficiency with simple means, can be produced and operated inexpensively.
  • such a furnace is characterized in that the grate forms a sealing closure on at least one side with the combustion chamber, which allows the grate to be freely expanded and contracted as a result of temperature influences.
  • a side delimitation of a furnace 1 of a furnace - it can also be a boiler - for the incineration of waste, coal, wood and industrial waste is indicated with two brick side walls 2 and 3.
  • a steel structure with two fixed sealing rails 5 and 5 and 6 can be seen.
  • a sliding grate 7 is shown schematically. It is composed of grate bars 8, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7. End profiles 10 can be seen on the side of the grate.
  • a plurality of tie rods 11 distributed over the grate width each combine grate rod packs or blocks to connect them.
  • the sealing profiles 13 matching the rails 5 and 6 can be seen.
  • left and right elements are attached to the sealing profiles 13 on the end grate bars of the fixed grate bar rows on the end grate bars of the fixed grate bar rows, which are usual with feed grates.
  • These profiles 13 are connected to the fixed grate bars 8. If necessary, they can still be supported on the solid grating supports.
  • the grating that is held together in this way can expand and contract with the thermal expansion to the left and right without problems and without lateral pressure or tension.
  • the side rails 5 and 6 ensure expansion absorption and controlled air outlet. i
  • a construction with side closure of the grate 7 in which the sealing rails 5 and 6 are not direct r are attached to the masonry side walls 2 and 3, but via brackets 20.
  • the substructure to the grate 7 with cross members 21 and 22 is also shown.
  • additional grate bars 24 arranged laterally at an angle are introduced, which are held on a holding rail 26 fastened to the steel structure with the aid of the support arms 27 and 28.
  • These are also grate bars, as can be seen in detail in FIGS. 5 to 7.
  • a support bracket 29 is arranged in the middle of the rod 24.
  • the ash funnel 30 lies below the grate 7.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further, even better developed construction of the one side to a combustion chamber 1, in which construction above the inclined side grate bars 24 to produce a trough-like grate fixed sloping and side walls, defined by the grate bars 24, 'and grate bars 32nd are arranged, the grate bar 32 in turn corresponds to a construction as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 in detail.
  • the side-by-side grate bars 32 are held by corresponding supports 33, since these bars 34 and 35 are inserted with play, as explained later.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 show how the grate can be enlarged laterally in a simple manner by obliquely arranged grate bars 24 and expanded like a trough by means of grate bars 32 additionally arranged above it, which contributes to a substantial increase in capacity of an existing oven.
  • the grate bars 24 and 32 together with their end boundaries, define air outlet channels, as indicated by corresponding arrows.
  • a side end piece can be used.
  • the grate surface is enlarged simply and inexpensively by this rust broadening and the dreaded edge fire is also eliminated. This is made possible by the optional air outlet openings that keep the fire away from the side walls.
  • the rising gases are mixed with secondary air and burned out.
  • the air is blown back from the combustion chamber walls into the hot core zone by the air blown in in two directions.
  • Through the air curtain placed in front of the boiler pipes or the masonry the radiant heat of the combustion chamber is partially suppressed.
  • the heat of the ceramic walls or the masonry, which is still absorbed by radiation, is reflected in the combustion chamber.
  • grate systems There are installation options for a wide variety of grate systems. As an extension and optimization of the aforementioned grate system or individually in existing plants and systems, one or more grate bars can be attached. The air volumes can be selected via column 14 to be determined.
  • FIG. 4 shows a construction of a very wide combustion chamber with a wide grate 36 which is divided into two parts by means of a central web 37.
  • This wide grate 36 is sealed in the middle with the aid of sealing rails 38 and sealing profiles 39 in the manner discussed, but allows the two grate parts to move freely to the side in the event of temperature fluctuations in the combustion chamber.
  • cup springs 40 between the individual grate bars in order to achieve a tie rod effect in this way, i.e. to ensure a corresponding elastic behavior of the grate in the transverse direction.
  • the wide grate 36 has the same structure and can be supplemented as well as the grids shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • a turning grate bar 8 can be seen, as this is preferably used for the grids described above.
  • This rod 8 has a T-shaped cross section 41, as can be seen in the section plane VII - VII in FIG. 7.
  • the grate bars 8 since they are so-called turning grate bars, are designed symmetrically with respect to the transverse median plane, which allows them to be rotated through 180 °, e.g. by turning about their polar axis (parallel to the cutting axis VII - VII in the median plane). if burning has occurred, turn the front part.
  • semicircular support shells 43 and 44 are formed, the diameter of which is larger in the horizontal direction than in the vertical, so that there is a longitudinal play of the grate bar 8 used with respect to the holding axis, a measure which prevents any jamming.
  • a cleaning stroke will take place due to the forward and backward movement of the moving rods with the frictional resistances. Any foreign bodies that may have penetrated from the air gaps may fail due to the shifting of the grate bar.
  • the storage takes place in the rear part of the grate bar 8, i.e. in the support shell 43 e.g.
  • Corresponding transverse walls 46 are provided in the area of the bearing shells 43 and 44 for reinforcement. Lateral oval passages 47, 48 and 49 allow the assembly of grate bars 8 lying next to one another in the form of groups, which in turn are combined to form the overall grate.
  • the cooling pins 50 are additionally provided with conical lower parts 51 with a smaller diameter, with shoulders serving to support duct plate profiles 52 and 53 at the transition point of the cooling pins 50 into the lower parts 51, which profiles also, as shown in FIG. 7 shows are attached laterally in the T-shaped main part. Not shown, but possible is the same arrangement for the front and rear part of the grate bar.
  • each grate bar 8 are each provided with an air nozzle 54 or 55, which is inclined upwards, ie at an angle to the support surface 42, one Straighten the air jet, which does not aim at the contact surface 42 of the grate bar 8 in front of it and thus protects it from excessive surface temperatures as a result of fanned combustion. It is worth noting the targeted air outlet of the side wall nozzles on the turning grate bars, which aim into the combustion bed and do not flow against the grate bars. This avoids excessive heating of the grate bars. There are no metal melts caused by local overheating, which disrupt operational safety and the service life of the grate bars due to excessive Reduce wear.
  • the air nozzles 54 and 55 as can be seen, converge towards the nozzle mouth, whereby an accelerated air flow is generated in the nozzle.
  • the turbulence of this air jet is improved in that the nozzle guide walls are designed like a confuser and not parallel walls.
  • the cooling air passes through the rear air nozzle 54 into the space 58 in the region of the upper pins 50, which, as shown, is preferably closed by means of the duct plate profiles 52 and 53 in such a way that the air flow brings optimal heat transfers to the cooling pins arranged in staggered rows.
  • the lower parts 51 of the cooling pins 50 also allow the heat-emitting surfaces to be enlarged.
  • Through bores 56 and 57 in the transverse walls 46 result in the continuous air duct informing the space 58 from the air nozzle 54 to the air nozzle 55.
  • FIG. 8 shows a combustion chamber 60 in longitudinal section with respect to the grate, with a feed plunger 61 and an inclined grate 62 assembled from fixed grate bars 8 and a subsequent combustion grate 63.
  • the firing material coming from the feed plunger 61, arrives, as shown by reference number 65. onto the sloping grate 62 and slips on the incineration grate 63 in order to then fall into the slag shaft 67 completely burned out as slag material.
  • This construction allows using an oblique grate 62 to significantly improve the combustion of the combustible material and prevents premature 'dropping of the not yet completely burnt material over so-called. Rust falls into the slag pit 67th
  • So-called rust falls are installed in incineration plants and especially in waste incineration plants. These have the task of loosening and rearranging the combustion material when it falls.
  • the intention here is to replace these lintels with the slanted gratings 62.
  • This helps to avoid deflagrations and fluctuations in operation during the dropping process.
  • the grate area is enlarged and the burnout section is extended.
  • These inclined gratings 62 can be designed to be stationary or movable. Problems of rust falls with the slag caking, high wear and tear and training with cooling plates and their air requirement are thus eliminated.
  • a built-in sloping grate 62 in a waste incineration plant increases the active grate area significantly and produces very good results through increased performance and good burn-out. The position of the grate bars results in a loosening of the waste in this case with a targeted air entry into the combustion material.
  • the illustration according to FIG. 8 also shows how the grate bars 8 are arranged on the supports of the substructure of the grates on corresponding supports or axles and each rest on the upstream rows of grate bars with the front part.
  • the odd grate bar rows are fixed components of the grate, while the straight grate bar rows in FIG ter way by pushing back and forth of the carrier profiles with their front parts, the accumulated on the following fixed grate bar row 65, in which way the well 65 is known to be moved in the direction of the slag shaft 67 forward.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
EP85105632A 1984-05-21 1985-05-08 Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels Expired EP0165432B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85105632T ATE43004T1 (de) 1984-05-21 1985-05-08 Ofen, insbesondere zur verbrennung von muell, kohle, holz und industrieabfaellen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2497/84 1984-05-21
CH249784 1984-05-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0165432A1 true EP0165432A1 (fr) 1985-12-27
EP0165432B1 EP0165432B1 (fr) 1989-05-10

Family

ID=4235136

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85105632A Expired EP0165432B1 (fr) 1984-05-21 1985-05-08 Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0165432B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE43004T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3570119D1 (fr)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0650017A1 (fr) * 1993-10-21 1995-04-26 ABB Management AG Grille pour un foyer
EP0924464A1 (fr) * 1997-12-19 1999-06-23 KOCH, Theodor Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement
DE19912944C1 (de) * 1999-03-23 2000-07-27 Didier Werke Ag Rostwangen-Abdichtkörper
EP1134495A1 (fr) * 2000-03-13 2001-09-19 BBP Environment GmbH Poutre centrale refroidie par fluide pour grille de combustion
EP1635115A2 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-15 TM.E. S.P.A. Termomeccanica Ecologia Incinérateur d'ordures
EP1635114A2 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-15 TM.E. S.P.A. Termomeccanica Ecologia Incinérateur d'ordures
WO2006117479A1 (fr) * 2005-05-03 2006-11-09 Saretco Barreau de grille et grille pour foyer a gradins solidaires avec combustion a air dirige
ITTO20090918A1 (it) * 2009-11-26 2011-05-27 Tm E S P A Termomeccanica Ecolo Gia Impianto di smaltimento rifiuti provvisto di sistema di accostamento dei barrotti.
WO2011079453A1 (fr) * 2009-12-31 2011-07-07 深圳市能源环保有限公司 Incinérateur
WO2011079444A1 (fr) * 2009-12-30 2011-07-07 深圳市能源环保有限公司 Incinerateur
EP2306086A3 (fr) * 2009-09-23 2013-02-20 Hitachi Power Europe Service GmbH Barreau de grille
WO2014033100A3 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2014-04-17 M-S Consulting und Beteiligungs GmbH Foyer pour biocombustibles ligneux agglutinants
WO2014033102A3 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2014-05-30 M-S Consulting und Beteiligungs GmbH Centrale destinée à utiliser l'énergie thermique contenue dans la vapeur, et procédé de commande

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0717937Y2 (ja) * 1990-05-21 1995-04-26 日本鋼管株式会社 横型焼却炉の火格子構造
DE4105331C1 (fr) * 1991-02-18 1992-04-16 Noell - K + K Abfalltechnik Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De
DE4119405C1 (fr) * 1991-06-10 1993-04-08 Noell Abfall- Und Energietechnik Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1451519B (de) * Martin, Johannes Josef, Dr.-Ing., 8000 München Feuerungsrost mit mehreren Rostbahnen
FR22098E (fr) * 1915-07-24 1921-05-12 Philipp Werger Foyer à grille à gradins, dont les barreaux sont animés d'un mouvement alternatif
US2145261A (en) * 1934-07-13 1939-01-31 Hiler Engineering & Constructi Refuse incinerating furnace
FR2304859A1 (fr) * 1975-03-17 1976-10-15 Von Roll Ag Grille a avance pour incinerateurs
DE2806974B1 (de) * 1978-02-18 1979-06-07 Martin Feuerungsbau Rostastab fuer Rostbelaege,insbesondere von Feuerungen
FR2526921A1 (fr) * 1982-05-13 1983-11-18 Voelund Miljoeteknik Grille etagee destinee a une installation d'incineration, notamment d'ordures
FR2526920A1 (fr) * 1982-05-13 1983-11-18 Von Roll Ag Bloc de grille d'un caillebotis pour une grille d'incineration d'ordures

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1451519B (de) * Martin, Johannes Josef, Dr.-Ing., 8000 München Feuerungsrost mit mehreren Rostbahnen
FR22098E (fr) * 1915-07-24 1921-05-12 Philipp Werger Foyer à grille à gradins, dont les barreaux sont animés d'un mouvement alternatif
US2145261A (en) * 1934-07-13 1939-01-31 Hiler Engineering & Constructi Refuse incinerating furnace
FR2304859A1 (fr) * 1975-03-17 1976-10-15 Von Roll Ag Grille a avance pour incinerateurs
DE2806974B1 (de) * 1978-02-18 1979-06-07 Martin Feuerungsbau Rostastab fuer Rostbelaege,insbesondere von Feuerungen
FR2526921A1 (fr) * 1982-05-13 1983-11-18 Voelund Miljoeteknik Grille etagee destinee a une installation d'incineration, notamment d'ordures
FR2526920A1 (fr) * 1982-05-13 1983-11-18 Von Roll Ag Bloc de grille d'un caillebotis pour une grille d'incineration d'ordures

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0650017A1 (fr) * 1993-10-21 1995-04-26 ABB Management AG Grille pour un foyer
EP0924464A1 (fr) * 1997-12-19 1999-06-23 KOCH, Theodor Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement
WO1999032830A1 (fr) * 1997-12-19 1999-07-01 Theodor Koch Barreau de grille pour grille de combustion et procede pour son refroidissement
DE19912944C1 (de) * 1999-03-23 2000-07-27 Didier Werke Ag Rostwangen-Abdichtkörper
EP1134495A1 (fr) * 2000-03-13 2001-09-19 BBP Environment GmbH Poutre centrale refroidie par fluide pour grille de combustion
EP1635114A3 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2013-02-06 TM.E. S.P.A. Termomeccanica Ecologia Incinérateur d'ordures
EP1635115A2 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-15 TM.E. S.P.A. Termomeccanica Ecologia Incinérateur d'ordures
EP1635114A2 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-15 TM.E. S.P.A. Termomeccanica Ecologia Incinérateur d'ordures
EP1635115A3 (fr) * 2004-09-14 2013-05-01 TM.E. S.P.A. Termomeccanica Ecologia Incinérateur d'ordures
FR2885404A1 (fr) * 2005-05-03 2006-11-10 Saretco Sa Barreau de grille et grille pour foyer a gradins solidaires avec combustion a air dirige
WO2006117479A1 (fr) * 2005-05-03 2006-11-09 Saretco Barreau de grille et grille pour foyer a gradins solidaires avec combustion a air dirige
EP2306086A3 (fr) * 2009-09-23 2013-02-20 Hitachi Power Europe Service GmbH Barreau de grille
WO2011063912A1 (fr) * 2009-11-26 2011-06-03 Tm.E S.P.A. Installation d'élimination de déchets avec système de rapprochement de barreaux de grille
ITTO20090918A1 (it) * 2009-11-26 2011-05-27 Tm E S P A Termomeccanica Ecolo Gia Impianto di smaltimento rifiuti provvisto di sistema di accostamento dei barrotti.
WO2011079444A1 (fr) * 2009-12-30 2011-07-07 深圳市能源环保有限公司 Incinerateur
WO2011079453A1 (fr) * 2009-12-31 2011-07-07 深圳市能源环保有限公司 Incinérateur
WO2014033100A3 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2014-04-17 M-S Consulting und Beteiligungs GmbH Foyer pour biocombustibles ligneux agglutinants
WO2014033102A3 (fr) * 2012-08-29 2014-05-30 M-S Consulting und Beteiligungs GmbH Centrale destinée à utiliser l'énergie thermique contenue dans la vapeur, et procédé de commande

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE43004T1 (de) 1989-05-15
EP0165432B1 (fr) 1989-05-10
DE3570119D1 (en) 1989-06-15

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