EP0165432B1 - Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels - Google Patents

Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0165432B1
EP0165432B1 EP85105632A EP85105632A EP0165432B1 EP 0165432 B1 EP0165432 B1 EP 0165432B1 EP 85105632 A EP85105632 A EP 85105632A EP 85105632 A EP85105632 A EP 85105632A EP 0165432 B1 EP0165432 B1 EP 0165432B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
air
combustion
rods
elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85105632A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0165432A1 (fr
Inventor
Theodor Koch
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT85105632T priority Critical patent/ATE43004T1/de
Publication of EP0165432A1 publication Critical patent/EP0165432A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a furnace with sliding grate consisting of grate bars, which forms at least on one side a sealing with the combustion chamber, which consists of a fixed sealing rail and a sealing profile attached to the sliding grate, parallel surfaces on the combustion chamber side and grate side defining a sealing gap, so that free lateral stretching and contraction of the sliding grate due to temperature influences is possible.
  • gratings are not freely movable, but by means acting in the transverse direction, e.g. B. coil or leaf springs loaded.
  • the pressure drop in the combustion air lies in the grate or grate covering and not in the combustion material. Air pressure builds up under the grate. The combustion air only flows into the medium to be burned through recesses, holes or slots in the grate. It is less important whether there is good or poorly flammable material on the grate.
  • a device for compensating dimensional changes in components caused by temperature fluctuations in particular in the case of a grate or an input device for furnaces, which has at least one displacement direction of a component which is movable in the direction of a compensation of the temperature fluctuations and must be compensated for and against this Component has a cheek that can be pressed by means of an adjusting device.
  • the cheek is pivoted and supports are provided which can be moved in the direction of the displacement movement of the component or components to be compensated.
  • CH-PS-619 764 this construction is quite expensive to implement and, with its moving parts, more prone to failure than if no such moving parts are provided.
  • Another construction discloses a feed grate for incinerators, in particular garbage incinerators, with rows of grate blocks which can be moved in the feed direction and run transversely to the grate.
  • each block transverse row is provided with a clamping device which engages one of the two outermost grate blocks of this transverse row and whose grate blocks are resiliently pressed against one another.
  • CH-PS-585 372. This construction is also prone to failure and complicated because of the parts to be moved in rough operation at high temperatures
  • the present invention aims to provide a furnace which avoids temperature-compensating means as externally moved parts and is therefore more suitable in terms of operation and wear than the previously known designs.
  • Another object of the invention is to develop a combustion grate system which achieves a very high degree of efficiency with simple means, can be produced and operated inexpensively.
  • such a furnace is characterized in that the sealing profile is connected directly to the sliding grate by a tie rod.
  • the side boundary of a furnace 1 of a furnace - it can also be a boiler - for the combustion of waste, coal, wood and industrial waste is indicated by two brick side walls 2 and 3.
  • a sliding grate 7 is shown schematically. It is composed of grate bars 8, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7. End profiles 10 can be seen on the side of the grate.
  • a plurality of tie rods 11 distributed over the grate width each combine grate rod packs or blocks to connect them.
  • the sealing profiles 13 matching the rails 5 and 6 can be seen.
  • column 14 With the respective upper end flanks of rails 5 and 6, you define column 14, which are selected so that the material to be burned cannot pass through to the side and the air passage remains regulated.
  • this construction enables the grate 7 to be freely expanded and contracted to the side without the need for any clamping devices. This ensures that the grate works properly between the side walls 2 and 3, without any risk of jamming during the reciprocating movements of grate bars and without any additional mechanical actuation means.
  • left and right elements are attached to the sealing profiles 13 on the end grate bars of the fixed grate bar rows on the end grate bars of the fixed grate bar rows, which are usual with feed grates.
  • These profiles 13 are connected to the fixed grate bars 8. If necessary, they can still be supported on the solid grating supports.
  • the grating that is held together in this way can expand and contract with the thermal expansion to the left and right without problems and without lateral pressure or tension.
  • the side rails 5 and 6 ensure expansion absorption and controlled air outlet.
  • a construction with side end of the grate 7 is shown, in which the sealing rails 5 and 6 are not attached directly to the brick side walls 2 and 3, but via brackets 20.
  • additional grate bars 24 arranged laterally at an angle are introduced, which are held on a holding rail 26 fastened to the steel structure with the aid of the support arms 27 and 28.
  • a support bracket 29 is arranged in the middle of the rod 24.
  • the ash funnel 30 lies below the grate 7.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further, even better developed construction of the one side to a combustion chamber 1, in which construction above the inclined side grate bars 24 to produce a trough-like grate fixed inclined and side walls, fixed by the grate bars 24, and grate bars 32 are, the grate bar 32 in turn corresponds to a construction as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 in detail.
  • the side-by-side grate bars 32 are held by corresponding supports 33, since these bars 34 and 35, as explained later, are used with play.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 show how the grate can be enlarged laterally in a simple manner by obliquely arranged grate bars 24 and expanded like a trough by means of grate bars 32 additionally arranged above it, which contributes to a substantial increase in capacity of an existing oven.
  • the grate bars 24 and 32 together with their end boundaries, define air outlet channels, as indicated by corresponding arrows.
  • a side end piece can be used.
  • the grate surface is enlarged simply and inexpensively by this grate broadening and the dreaded edge fire is also eliminated. This is made possible by the in the Size of optional air outlet openings that keep the fire away from the side walls.
  • the rising gases are mixed with secondary air and burned out.
  • the air is blown back from the combustion chamber walls into the hot core zone by the air blown in in two directions.
  • the radiant heat of the firebox is partially suppressed by the air curtain placed in front of the boiler pipes or the masonry.
  • the heat of the ceramic walls or masonry, which is still absorbed by radiation, is reflected in the combustion chamber.
  • grate systems There are installation options for a wide variety of grate systems. As an extension and optimization of the aforementioned grate system or individually in existing plants and systems, one or more grate bars can be attached. The air volumes can be selected via column 14 to be determined.
  • FIG. 4 shows a construction of a very wide combustion chamber with a wide grate 36 which is divided into two parts by means of a central web 37.
  • This wide grate 36 is sealed in the middle with the aid of sealing rails 38 and sealing profiles 39 in the manner discussed, but allows the two grate parts to move freely to the side in the event of temperature fluctuations in the combustion chamber.
  • disc springs 40 between the individual grate bars in order to achieve a tie rod effect in this way, i. H. to ensure a corresponding elastic behavior of the grate in the transverse direction.
  • the wide grate 36 has the same structure and can be supplemented as well as the grids shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • a turning grate bar 8 can be seen, as this is preferably used for the grids described above.
  • This rod 8 has a T-shaped cross section 41, as can be seen in the section plane VII - VII in FIG. 7.
  • the grate bars 8 since they are so-called turning grate bars, are designed symmetrically with respect to the transverse central plane, which allows them to be turned by their polar axis (parallel to the cutting axis VII-VII in the central plane) by rotation through 180 °, e.g. B. if burning has occurred, the front part to rotate.
  • semicircular support shells 43 and 44 are formed, the diameter of which is larger in the horizontal direction than in the vertical, so that there is a longitudinal play of the grate bar 8 used with respect to the holding axis, a measure which prevents any jamming.
  • a cleaning stroke will take place due to the forward and backward movement of the moving rods with the frictional resistances. Any foreign bodies that may have penetrated from the air gaps may fail due to the shifting of the grate bar.
  • the storage takes place in the rear part of the grate bar 8, d. H. in the support shell 43 z. B.
  • Corresponding transverse walls 46 are provided in the area of the bearing shells 43 and 44 for reinforcement. Lateral oval passages 47, 48 and 49 allow the assembly of grate bars 8 lying next to one another in the form of groups, which in turn are combined to form the overall grate.
  • each grate bar 8 are each provided with an air nozzle 54 and 55, which is inclined upwards, i. H.
  • the cooling air passes through the rear air nozzle 54 into the space 58 in the area of the upper pins 50, which, as shown, is preferably closed by means of the duct sheet profiles 52 and 53, in such a way that the air flow brings optimal heat transfers to the cooling pins arranged in staggered rows.
  • the lower parts 51 of the cooling pins 50 also allow the heat-emitting surfaces to be enlarged.
  • Through holes 56 and 57 in the transverse walls 46 result in the continuous air duct informing the space 58 from the air nozzle 54 to the air nozzle 55.
  • FIG. 8 shows a combustion chamber 60 in longitudinal section with respect to the grate, with a feed plunger 61 and an inclined grate 62 assembled from fixed grate bars 8 and a subsequent combustion grate 63.
  • the firing material coming from the feed plunger 61, arrives, as shown by reference number 65. onto the sloping grate 62 and slips on the incineration grate 63 in order to then fall into the slag shaft 67 completely burned out as slag material.
  • this construction allows the combustion of the fired material to be significantly improved and prevents the not yet completely burned-out material from falling early into the slag shaft 67 via so-called rust falls.
  • So-called rust falls are installed in incineration plants and especially in waste incineration plants. These have the task of loosening and rearranging the combustion material as it falls.
  • the intention here is to replace these lintels with the slanted gratings 62.
  • This helps to avoid deflagrations and fluctuations in operation during the dropping process.
  • the grate area is enlarged and the burnout section is extended.
  • These inclined gratings 62 can be designed to be stationary or movable. Problems of rust falls with the slag caking, high wear and tear and training with cooling plates and their air requirement are thus eliminated.
  • a built-in sloping grate 62 in a waste incineration plant increases the active grate area significantly and produces very good results through increased performance and good burn-out. The position of the grate bars results in a loosening of the waste in this case with a targeted air entry into the combustion material.
  • the illustration according to FIG. 8 also shows how the grate bars 8 are arranged on the supports of the substructure of the grates on corresponding supports or axles and each rest on the upstream rows of grate bars with the front part.
  • the odd grate bar rows are fixed components of the grate in the feed grate, as is indicated by double arrows, while the straight grate bar rows in a known manner by pushing the support profiles with their front parts back and forth on the following push off the fixed grate bar row of accumulated material 65, in which way the material 65 is known to be moved forward in the direction of the slag shaft 67.
  • the grate frame can lie horizontally or can be arranged sloping towards the slag shaft 67.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Four muni d'une grille coulissante (7) constituée de barreaux de grille (8), qui forme au moins sur un côté une fermeture hermétique avec le foyer (1 constituée par un rail fixe d'étanchéité (5 ou 5 et 6) et par un profilé d'étanchéité (13) fixé à la grille coulissante (7), auquel cas des surfaces parallèles du côté du foyer et du côté de la grille déterminent un joint d'étanchéité (14) tel qu'il permette une dilatation et une rétraction latérales libres de la grille coulissante (7), par suite des effets de température, caractérisé en ce que le profilé d'étanchéité (13) est directement relié par un tirant (11) à la grille coulissante (7).
2. Four selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les barreaux de grille sont fixés ensemble par groupes en constituant un tout et il est prévu, entre les groupes, des éléments extensibles (40) qui réalisent une liaison active élastique des barreaux de grille (8) disposés côte à côte.
3. Four selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu comme éléments extensibles des éléments (40) analogues à des ressorts à disques (Fig. 4).
4. Four selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il est monté avant la grille de combustion (63) une grille inclinée (62), constituée par des barreaux de grille, en particulier des barreaux de grille réversibles (8).
5. Four selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les barreaux de grille (8) présentent vers l'avant des buses d'air (54, 55), de préférence dirigées vers le haut, et un canal d'air (58) conduisant à la buse d'air antérieure (55) le long du barreau de grille (8) est prévu afin de guider l'air autour des parties, proches des parois, d'éléments de transfert de chaleur (50), tels que des appendices ou des nervures, caractérisé en ce que des parties (51) de ces éléments, situées en dehors du canal d'air (58) pénètrent dans une zone de refroidissement du barreau de grille (8), même si le canal d'air (58) est obstrué (Fig. 5).
EP85105632A 1984-05-21 1985-05-08 Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels Expired EP0165432B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85105632T ATE43004T1 (de) 1984-05-21 1985-05-08 Ofen, insbesondere zur verbrennung von muell, kohle, holz und industrieabfaellen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2497/84 1984-05-21
CH249784 1984-05-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0165432A1 EP0165432A1 (fr) 1985-12-27
EP0165432B1 true EP0165432B1 (fr) 1989-05-10

Family

ID=4235136

Family Applications (1)

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EP85105632A Expired EP0165432B1 (fr) 1984-05-21 1985-05-08 Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels

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Country Link
EP (1) EP0165432B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE43004T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3570119D1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0458108A2 (fr) * 1990-05-21 1991-11-27 Nkk Corporation Structure de grille pour un incinérateur du type horizontal
DE4105331C1 (fr) * 1991-02-18 1992-04-16 Noell - K + K Abfalltechnik Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De
EP0519581A2 (fr) * 1991-06-10 1992-12-23 NOELL Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH Guidage de paroi latérale pour grilles de combustion
US5538128A (en) * 1993-10-21 1996-07-23 W + E Umwelttechnik Ag Grate for a furnace

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0924464A1 (fr) * 1997-12-19 1999-06-23 KOCH, Theodor Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement
DE19912944C1 (de) * 1999-03-23 2000-07-27 Didier Werke Ag Rostwangen-Abdichtkörper
DE10011791B4 (de) * 2000-03-13 2004-01-29 Fisia Babcock Environment Gmbh Fluidgekühltes Mittelbalkenelement für mehrbahnige Verbrennungsroste und Mittelbalken
ITMI20041745A1 (it) * 2004-09-14 2004-12-14 Tm E S P A Termomeccanica Impianto di smaltimento rifiuti
ITMI20041746A1 (it) * 2004-09-14 2004-12-14 Tm E S P A Termomeccanica Impianto di smaltimento rifiuti
FR2885404A1 (fr) * 2005-05-03 2006-11-10 Saretco Sa Barreau de grille et grille pour foyer a gradins solidaires avec combustion a air dirige
DE102009042722A1 (de) * 2009-09-23 2011-03-24 Thyssenkrupp Xervon Energy Gmbh Roststab
ITTO20090918A1 (it) * 2009-11-26 2011-05-27 Tm E S P A Termomeccanica Ecolo Gia Impianto di smaltimento rifiuti provvisto di sistema di accostamento dei barrotti.
WO2011079444A1 (fr) * 2009-12-30 2011-07-07 深圳市能源环保有限公司 Incinerateur
WO2011079453A1 (fr) * 2009-12-31 2011-07-07 深圳市能源环保有限公司 Incinérateur
DE102012107980A1 (de) * 2012-08-29 2014-03-06 M-S Consulting und Beteiligungs GmbH Kraftwerk zur Nutzung von in Dampf enthaltener Wärmeenergie und Verfahren zur Steuerung dafür
DE102012107974B3 (de) * 2012-08-29 2014-02-27 M-S Consulting und Beteiligungs GmbH Feuerung für holzartige verklumpbare Biomassebrennstoffe

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR22098E (fr) * 1915-07-24 1921-05-12 Philipp Werger Foyer à grille à gradins, dont les barreaux sont animés d'un mouvement alternatif
US2145261A (en) * 1934-07-13 1939-01-31 Hiler Engineering & Constructi Refuse incinerating furnace
CH585372A5 (fr) * 1975-03-17 1977-02-28 Von Roll Ag
DE2806974C2 (de) * 1978-02-18 1980-01-31 Josef Martin Feuerungsbau Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Roststab für Rostbeläge, insbesondere von Feuerungen
CH669447A5 (fr) * 1982-05-13 1989-03-15 Von Roll Ag
GB2120764B (en) * 1982-05-13 1985-08-14 Voelund Miljoeteknik A stepped grate for an incinerator plant

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0458108A2 (fr) * 1990-05-21 1991-11-27 Nkk Corporation Structure de grille pour un incinérateur du type horizontal
EP0458108A3 (en) * 1990-05-21 1992-04-08 Nkk Corporation Grate structure for a horizontal type incineator
US5197397A (en) * 1990-05-21 1993-03-30 Nkk Corporation Grate structure for a horizontal type incinerator
DE4105331C1 (fr) * 1991-02-18 1992-04-16 Noell - K + K Abfalltechnik Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De
EP0499911A2 (fr) * 1991-02-18 1992-08-26 NOELL Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH Dispositif et procédé de serrage pour grilles de combustion
EP0499911A3 (en) * 1991-02-18 1993-01-07 Noell-K+K Abfalltechnik Gmbh Clamping device and method for combustion grates
US5178128A (en) * 1991-02-18 1993-01-12 Noell K+K Abfalltechnik Method and apparatus for clamping incinerator grate bars
EP0519581A2 (fr) * 1991-06-10 1992-12-23 NOELL Abfall- und Energietechnik GmbH Guidage de paroi latérale pour grilles de combustion
EP0519581A3 (en) * 1991-06-10 1993-03-17 Noell-K+K Abfalltechnik Gmbh Side wall guide for combustion grates
DE4119405C1 (fr) * 1991-06-10 1993-04-08 Noell Abfall- Und Energietechnik Gmbh, 4040 Neuss, De
US5259362A (en) * 1991-06-10 1993-11-09 Noell K&K Abfalltechnik Gmbh Sidewall guide for combustion grates
US5538128A (en) * 1993-10-21 1996-07-23 W + E Umwelttechnik Ag Grate for a furnace

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0165432A1 (fr) 1985-12-27
DE3570119D1 (en) 1989-06-15
ATE43004T1 (de) 1989-05-15

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