EP0924464A1 - Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement - Google Patents
Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0924464A1 EP0924464A1 EP97122464A EP97122464A EP0924464A1 EP 0924464 A1 EP0924464 A1 EP 0924464A1 EP 97122464 A EP97122464 A EP 97122464A EP 97122464 A EP97122464 A EP 97122464A EP 0924464 A1 EP0924464 A1 EP 0924464A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- grate
- air
- incinerators
- combustion
- cooling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
- F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H1/00—Grates with solid bars
- F23H1/02—Grates with solid bars having provision for air supply or air preheating, e.g. air-supply or blast fittings which form a part of the grate structure or serve as supports
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H17/00—Details of grates
- F23H17/12—Fire-bars
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
- F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
- F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
- F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
- F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for Cooling of grates of incinerators after the The preamble of claim 1 and a grate therefor the preamble of claim 3.
- Incinerators with fireboxes for use in which the fuel, for example, mechanically actuated rust is applied and burned thereon.
- This type of cooling is also included suffers from the disadvantage that the amount of combustion air in primarily has a procedural function and does not have to perform a cooling function. A change in The amount of combustion air is dependent on the cooling effect usually not feasible. This is the required one The cooling effect of the grate covering is not guaranteed.
- Water cooling of the rust coating is also known, such as described for example in WO 96/29544. Doing so a liquid cooling medium, such as water Channels passed through the grate. The cooling medium is then fed to a heat exchanger in which the Cooling medium can either be cooled or heated before it in a closed loop again rust is fed.
- the disadvantage of such cooling is in having its own cooling circuit with its own Coolant must be provided, resulting in a additional effort compared to known, air-cooled grate leads.
- the object of the present invention was now to a cooling process resp. a burn grate too find which optimal cooling or have tempering properties and on the other hand have a simple structure.
- this object is achieved by the method solved according to claim 1. Preferably this will continue Proposed method according to claim 2.
- the cooling of the grate proposed according to the invention using air in two stages leads to optimal cooling or Temperature control of the grate, while the cooling air can be used as additional combustion air.
- the cooling air can be used as additional combustion air.
- special coolant which is in its own closed cycle must be used.
- Incinerators always supply additional air is intended for incineration necessary facilities such as air transport already available and can advantageously also for the Cooling can be used. So that a rust cooling with little additional effort for the furnace will be realized.
- the grate according to the invention respectively.
- the Grate bars designed such that the cooling air in one Forced guidance over the entire area of the grate bar flows through and thus also causes homogeneous cooling.
- the preferred embodiment of the feed gap in the grate bar has the advantage that this is not due to slag or Combustion residues can clog and thus the supply the additional air can interrupt.
- Figure 1 shows the top view of a grate bar 1, respectively. a Grate bar element. These elements can be side by side connected to practically any width, around the requirements of the dimensions of the combustion chamber to do justice to an incinerator.
- the narrow head end 3 of the grate bar 1 has one corrugated resp. ribbed shape on, in continuation of the for example, also ribbed combustion surface 4 of the Grate bar 1.
- Cooling channel 5 of the grate bar 1 the course of the Cooling channel 5 of the grate bar 1 shown.
- the cooling air now enters the cooling channel 5 through the feed opening 6.
- This is now in the form of a loop in the beginning trained to cover virtually the entire central area to include the combustion surface 4 of the grate bar 1 and is then still in straight channel areas the side edges 7, 8 of the grate bar 1 to Discharge opening 9 continued.
- the cooling channel 5 has advantageously a constant, preferably circular flow cross-section.
- FIG Figure 1 The side view of the grate bar 1 is shown in FIG Figure 1 shown. This is particularly good trough-shaped shape of the grate bar 1 can be seen, as well arranged in the side edges 7 circular Recesses, for example for the connection of the Grate bars 1 can be used side by side. Is too here the open socket 2 can be seen particularly well.
- FIG 3 is a longitudinal section A-A through the grate bar 1, in which the cross sections of the cooling duct 5 are clearly visible.
- the cooling channel 5 is here for example in the bottom of the combustion surface 4 formed semicircular ribs.
- transverse cooling fins 10 are formed, advantageously in extension of the semicircular ribs of the Cooling channel 5. These fins serve the bottom of the Grate bar 1 brought up additional air as active surfaces.
- the gap 11 is shown here, through which the additional air under the grate bar 1 through Combustion side, i.e. over the combustion surface 4 can be passed through.
- Figure 4 is the cross section B-B through the Grate bar 1 shown, from which the course is dashed of the cooling channel 5 emerges. They are also further here at the bottom of the combustion surface 4 down protruding longitudinal ribs 13 shown, which on the one hand the rigidity and strength of the grate bar 1 improve and on the other hand also as cooling fins for the Serve additional air.
- FIG 5 is the side view of several one after the other, overlapping each other Grate bars 1 with the supply lines 14 for the cooling air shown. Every second grate bar 1 is in not known way by one in this figure shown drive according to the orientation of the Combustion surfaces 4 moved back and forth to that on the grate bars 1 and whose combustion surfaces 4 lying Convey combustion material slowly from left to right.
- FIG. 6 shows a larger section of the Incinerator in side view in the area of the the grate bars 1 formed grate shown, with a grate element 1 'the two end positions of the Shifting movement are shown in dashed lines.
- the supply lines 14 of the immovable Grate bars 1 lead into a likewise rigid Header 15, which leads to the cooling air supply.
- the Feed lines 14 of the movable grate bars 1 open into a common manifold 16, which in turn in a guide 17 is slidably disposed. This leadership 17 is parallel to the combustion surfaces 4 of the grate bars 1 aligned.
- One end 16 'of the common Bus line 16 is via a single, flexible Connection line 18 with an immovable feed line 19 connected, which like the bus 15 to Cooling air supply leads.
- the big advantage of this arrangement is that only one, flexible Line piece 18 for the supply of all grate bars 1 of the Incinerator is enough.
- Cooling air can now either be by means of separate lines be dissipated, or advantageously directly in the Space below the respective neighboring grate bars 1 emanate. From here, this exhaust air gets below the Grate bars 1 along the cooling fins 10, 13 below additional cooling effect through the gap 11 in the Combustion chamber above the combustion surfaces 4 and serves as additional air to support the Combustion.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97122464A EP0924464A1 (fr) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement |
AU87252/98A AU8725298A (en) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-08-25 | Grate bar for a combustion grate, and method for cooling the same |
CH01186/00A CH693802A5 (de) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-08-25 | Verfahren zur Kuehlung von Roststaeben fuer Verbren nungsrost und Roststab respektive Rost hierfuer. |
DE19881971.4T DE19881971B4 (de) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-08-25 | Roststab für Verbrennungsrost und Verfahren zu dessen Kühlung |
DE19881972T DE19881972D2 (de) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-08-25 | Roststab für Verbrennungsrost und Verfahren zu dessen Kühlung |
AU87253/98A AU8725398A (en) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-08-25 | Grate bar for a combustion grate, and method for cooling the same |
PCT/CH1998/000365 WO1999032831A1 (fr) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-08-25 | Barreau de grille pour grille de combustion et procede pour son refroidissement |
PCT/CH1998/000364 WO1999032830A1 (fr) | 1997-12-19 | 1998-08-25 | Barreau de grille pour grille de combustion et procede pour son refroidissement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97122464A EP0924464A1 (fr) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0924464A1 true EP0924464A1 (fr) | 1999-06-23 |
Family
ID=8227833
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP97122464A Withdrawn EP0924464A1 (fr) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0924464A1 (fr) |
AU (2) | AU8725398A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH693802A5 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE19881972D2 (fr) |
WO (2) | WO1999032831A1 (fr) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0989363B1 (fr) * | 1998-09-24 | 2001-02-21 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG | Barreau de grille |
EP1321711A1 (fr) | 2001-12-21 | 2003-06-25 | FISIA Babcock Environment GmbH | Barreau refroidi à air pour grille à gradins |
WO2006109199A1 (fr) | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-19 | Babcock & Wilcox Vølund Aps | Systeme de refroidissement pour grille de combustion dans une usine d’incineration |
EP1983261A1 (fr) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-22 | Ernst Schenkel | Compensateur de mouvement |
EP2778523A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-17 | Hitachi Zosen Inova AG | Dispositif de traitement d'impuretés |
DE19881971B4 (de) * | 1997-12-19 | 2014-10-09 | MH Power Systems Europe Service GmbH | Roststab für Verbrennungsrost und Verfahren zu dessen Kühlung |
DE102014015916A1 (de) | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-04 | Steinmüller Babcock Environment Gmbh | Roststab und Rost für eine Schubrostfeuerung |
DE102015101356A1 (de) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-04 | Standardkessel Baumgarte Service GmbH | Roststab mit Kühlmittel-Kanal |
US10309648B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2019-06-04 | General Electric Company | System and method for active cooling of a grate bar for an incinerator of a waste-to-energy plant |
CN112628759A (zh) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | 一种半水冷炉排结构及其焚烧炉 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3219985U (ja) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-01-31 | 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 | 火格子 |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE959212C (de) * | 1948-10-02 | 1957-02-28 | Martin Joh Jos Dr Ing | Aus luftgekuehlten Hohlroststaeben bestehender Rost |
DE3343024A1 (de) * | 1983-11-28 | 1985-06-05 | Wärmetechnik Dr. Pauli GmbH, 8035 Gauting | Luftgekuehlter beweglicher rost |
EP0165432A1 (fr) * | 1984-05-21 | 1985-12-27 | KOCH, Theodor | Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels |
DE3434970A1 (de) * | 1984-09-24 | 1986-10-16 | Thermo-Anlagen-Technik Miehe GmbH, 3256 Coppenbrügge | Einrichtung zur minderung der feststoffpartikel- und schadstoff-anteile im zwangsgefoerderten abgasstrom aus der verbrennung von kohlenstoffhaltigen feststoffen in einem reaktorbett |
DE4205502C1 (en) * | 1992-02-22 | 1993-02-18 | Evt Energie- Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De | Moving grate on transverse girders, for rubbish incinerator - has grate rod rear protruding over vertical shank of angled grate bar foot, forming gap between shank and downwards flange |
WO1995018333A1 (fr) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-07-06 | Doikos Investments Limited | Grille modulaire a coulisse pour l'incineration d'immondices dans des usines d'exploitation commerciale et procede d'exploitation |
WO1996029544A1 (fr) | 1995-03-23 | 1996-09-26 | Theodor Koch | Grille de combustion et procede d'optimisation du fonctionnement d'une grille de combustion |
EP0811803A2 (fr) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-10 | MARTIN GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Elément de grille et grille avec refroidissement à liquide |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1996033371A1 (fr) * | 1995-04-21 | 1996-10-24 | Noell-Krc Energie- Und Umwelttechnik Gmbh | Grille avec dispositif de refroidissement et procede de refroidissement |
DE19528310A1 (de) * | 1995-08-02 | 1997-02-06 | Abb Management Ag | Rost für eine Feuerungsanlage |
DE19632316C1 (de) * | 1996-08-10 | 1997-09-04 | Evt Energie & Verfahrenstech | Rostplatte |
DE19648128C2 (de) * | 1996-11-21 | 2002-11-07 | Alstom | Rost für eine Feuerungsanlage |
EP0924464A1 (fr) * | 1997-12-19 | 1999-06-23 | KOCH, Theodor | Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement |
-
1997
- 1997-12-19 EP EP97122464A patent/EP0924464A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
1998
- 1998-08-25 CH CH01186/00A patent/CH693802A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-08-25 WO PCT/CH1998/000365 patent/WO1999032831A1/fr active Application Filing
- 1998-08-25 AU AU87253/98A patent/AU8725398A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-08-25 DE DE19881972T patent/DE19881972D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-08-25 AU AU87252/98A patent/AU8725298A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1998-08-25 WO PCT/CH1998/000364 patent/WO1999032830A1/fr active Application Filing
- 1998-08-25 DE DE19881971.4T patent/DE19881971B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE959212C (de) * | 1948-10-02 | 1957-02-28 | Martin Joh Jos Dr Ing | Aus luftgekuehlten Hohlroststaeben bestehender Rost |
DE3343024A1 (de) * | 1983-11-28 | 1985-06-05 | Wärmetechnik Dr. Pauli GmbH, 8035 Gauting | Luftgekuehlter beweglicher rost |
EP0165432A1 (fr) * | 1984-05-21 | 1985-12-27 | KOCH, Theodor | Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels |
DE3434970A1 (de) * | 1984-09-24 | 1986-10-16 | Thermo-Anlagen-Technik Miehe GmbH, 3256 Coppenbrügge | Einrichtung zur minderung der feststoffpartikel- und schadstoff-anteile im zwangsgefoerderten abgasstrom aus der verbrennung von kohlenstoffhaltigen feststoffen in einem reaktorbett |
DE4205502C1 (en) * | 1992-02-22 | 1993-02-18 | Evt Energie- Und Verfahrenstechnik Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De | Moving grate on transverse girders, for rubbish incinerator - has grate rod rear protruding over vertical shank of angled grate bar foot, forming gap between shank and downwards flange |
WO1995018333A1 (fr) * | 1993-12-24 | 1995-07-06 | Doikos Investments Limited | Grille modulaire a coulisse pour l'incineration d'immondices dans des usines d'exploitation commerciale et procede d'exploitation |
WO1996029544A1 (fr) | 1995-03-23 | 1996-09-26 | Theodor Koch | Grille de combustion et procede d'optimisation du fonctionnement d'une grille de combustion |
EP0811803A2 (fr) * | 1996-06-04 | 1997-12-10 | MARTIN GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik | Elément de grille et grille avec refroidissement à liquide |
Cited By (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19881971B4 (de) * | 1997-12-19 | 2014-10-09 | MH Power Systems Europe Service GmbH | Roststab für Verbrennungsrost und Verfahren zu dessen Kühlung |
EP0989363B1 (fr) * | 1998-09-24 | 2001-02-21 | Von Roll Umwelttechnik AG | Barreau de grille |
EP1321711A1 (fr) | 2001-12-21 | 2003-06-25 | FISIA Babcock Environment GmbH | Barreau refroidi à air pour grille à gradins |
DE10163670A1 (de) * | 2001-12-21 | 2003-07-03 | Bbp Environment Gmbh | Roststab für eine Schubrostfeuerung |
KR101289560B1 (ko) * | 2005-04-13 | 2013-07-24 | 밥콕 앤 윌콕스 뵐운트 아/에스 | 소각 플랜트에서의 연소 화격자를 위한 냉각 시스템 |
CN101180499B (zh) * | 2005-04-13 | 2012-07-04 | 巴威福龙股份公司 | 用于焚烧设备中的燃烧炉篦的冷却流体循环系统 |
WO2006109199A1 (fr) | 2005-04-13 | 2006-10-19 | Babcock & Wilcox Vølund Aps | Systeme de refroidissement pour grille de combustion dans une usine d’incineration |
EP1983261A1 (fr) * | 2007-04-20 | 2008-10-22 | Ernst Schenkel | Compensateur de mouvement |
EP2778523A1 (fr) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-17 | Hitachi Zosen Inova AG | Dispositif de traitement d'impuretés |
DE102014015916A1 (de) | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-04 | Steinmüller Babcock Environment Gmbh | Roststab und Rost für eine Schubrostfeuerung |
EP3023694A1 (fr) | 2014-10-29 | 2016-05-25 | Steinmüller Babcock Environment GmbH | Barreau de grille et grille pour un foyer a grille |
DE102015101356A1 (de) * | 2015-01-30 | 2016-08-04 | Standardkessel Baumgarte Service GmbH | Roststab mit Kühlmittel-Kanal |
US10309648B2 (en) | 2016-11-22 | 2019-06-04 | General Electric Company | System and method for active cooling of a grate bar for an incinerator of a waste-to-energy plant |
CN112628759A (zh) * | 2020-12-17 | 2021-04-09 | 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 | 一种半水冷炉排结构及其焚烧炉 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19881971D2 (de) | 2000-11-16 |
AU8725298A (en) | 1999-07-12 |
DE19881972D2 (de) | 2000-11-16 |
AU8725398A (en) | 1999-07-12 |
WO1999032831A1 (fr) | 1999-07-01 |
DE19881971B4 (de) | 2014-10-09 |
WO1999032830A1 (fr) | 1999-07-01 |
CH693802A5 (de) | 2004-02-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0621449B1 (fr) | Procédé pour la combustion de déchets sur une grille de combustion ainsi qu'une grille de combustion pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé et barreau pour la fabrication d'une telle grille | |
DE19622424C2 (de) | Rostelement und Rost mit Flüssigkeitskühlung | |
EP0815396B1 (fr) | Grille de combustion et procede d'optimisation du fonctionnement d'une grille de combustion | |
DE19650742C1 (de) | Mit Wasser gekühlter Verbrennungsrost | |
EP0924464A1 (fr) | Grille d'une installation de combustion et méthode pour son refroidissement | |
EP0165432B1 (fr) | Four, notamment pour la combustion des ordures, du charbon, du bois et des déchets industriels | |
EP0713056A1 (fr) | Barreau de grille avec dispositif de refroidissement | |
CH653434A5 (de) | Vorrichtung zur thermischen reinigung von abgasen und verfahren zu deren betrieb. | |
EP1321711B1 (fr) | Barreau refroidi à air pour grille à gradins | |
EP2184540B1 (fr) | Bloc de grille à refroidissement par air | |
DE3142485C2 (de) | Glasrohrwärmetauscher | |
EP1315936B1 (fr) | Barreau de grille a refroidissement par du liquide pour des incinerateurs | |
DE8604053U1 (de) | Vormischgasbrenner | |
EP1771683B1 (fr) | Dispositif de postcombustion thermique et procede d'exploitation correspondant | |
DE19538364C2 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Schnellerwärmung von Metall-Preßbolzen | |
EP1221571B1 (fr) | Appareil de combustion avec refroidissement | |
DE10150041B4 (de) | Austrag-Kühleinrichtung für eine Druckmaschine | |
EP0209703B1 (fr) | Cartouche incandescente pour fours, en particulier pour chaudières ainsi que four avec une telle cartouche | |
DE19860553C2 (de) | Flüssigkeitsgekühlter Verbrennungsrost | |
DE19747484C1 (de) | Gasbrenner mit einem Brennkörper | |
EP3596390A1 (fr) | Barreau de grille, grille et installation de combustion | |
DE2452418A1 (de) | Verfahren zum thermischen nachverbrennen von abluft aus industriellen arbeitsanlagen und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens | |
DE10225508C1 (de) | Gußgliederkessel | |
DE2643235A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum tragen und/oder transportieren des waermgutes eines waermofens | |
AT393022B (de) | Vorrichtung zur kuehlung eines brenners |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): CH DE LI |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Free format text: AL;LT;LV;MK;RO;SI |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19991220 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Free format text: CH DE LI |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20010320 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20010731 |