Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
  • C03B27/04—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas
  • C03B27/044—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas for flat or bent glass sheets being in a horizontal position
  • C03B27/048—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas for flat or bent glass sheets being in a horizontal position on a gas cushion
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B25/00—Annealing glass products
  • C03B25/04—Annealing glass products in a continuous way
  • C03B25/06—Annealing glass products in a continuous way with horizontal displacement of the glass products
  • C03B25/08—Annealing glass products in a continuous way with horizontal displacement of the glass products of glass sheets
  • C03B25/087—Annealing glass products in a continuous way with horizontal displacement of the glass products of glass sheets being in a vertical position
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B29/00—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins
  • C03B29/04—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way
  • C03B29/06—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way with horizontal displacement of the products
  • C03B29/08—Glass sheets
  • C03B29/10—Glass sheets being in a vertical position
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
  • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
  • C03B29/00—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins
  • C03B29/04—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way
  • C03B29/06—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way with horizontal displacement of the products
  • C03B29/08—Glass sheets
  • C03B29/12—Glass sheets being in a horizontal position on a fluid support, e.g. a gas or molten metal

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method with the feature of the introductory part of the preamble of claim 1.
• the invention further relates to a system (device) with the features of the introductory part of the independent device claim.
• Glass sheets are hardened by heating them to a temperature ("hardening temperature”) above 650 ° C and then to a temperature which is below the critical temperature, e.g. is below 300 ° C, quenched, so that the glass-like stresses arise due to the shock-like cooling.
• a temperature above 650 ° C and then to a temperature which is below the critical temperature, e.g. is below 300 ° C, quenched, so that the glass-like stresses arise due to the shock-like cooling.
• the invention is based on the object of improving the glass hardening and the systems provided for this purpose in such a way that the time and energy expenditure is reduced and good glass hardening is nevertheless achieved.
• glass sheets, for example together preheated and then, preferably individually, heated to the required hardening temperature and further quenching to a temperature below the critical temperature, preferably individually, and then the glass sheets, for example together , are cooled to room temperature.
• the invention is based on the knowledge that it is sufficient for tempering glass sheets if the temperature jump from the tempering temperature, for example from 650 ° C. to a temperature below the critical temperature of, for example, approximately 300 ° C., takes place quickly in order to achieve the desired temperature Achieve hardening effect.
• the preheating and cooling to room temperature can then take place slowly without an adverse effect on the hardening of the glass sheets. Nevertheless, the disadvantageous non-uniform surface tensions which arise in the known methods and lead to corrugations in the glass sheets are avoided.
• Fig. 1 shows an overall system in an oblique view
• Fig. 2 shows the heating and quenching zone in a larger view.
• the system according to the invention shown in FIG. 1, consists of four zones, namely the preheating zone 1, the heating zone 2, the cooling zone 3 and the post-cooling zone 4.
• compartment trolleys 6 In the preheating zone 1, which is accommodated in a closed chamber 5, shelves, e.g. glass panels 7 standing in compartment trolleys 6 are preheated together and heated, for example, to a temperature of approximately 300 °.
• the compartment trolleys 6 used in the preheating zone 1 can have a construction as are known from EP 603 151 A or EP 704 389 A. Only the lower and side rollers or sleeve-shaped sliding parts of the compartment trolleys 5 are made of a correspondingly temperature-resistant material because of the higher temperature load.
• the compartment trolleys 6 are displaceably guided on rails 8 transversely to the orientation of the compartments provided in them and holding the glass panels 7, so that a selected, preheated glass plate 7 can be conveyed to a tilting table 9, from which it is conveyed out of the preheating chamber 5 to the heating zone 2 with the inclined position corresponding to the heating zone 2.
• the tilting table 9 is advantageously designed with a support surface designed as an air cushion wall.
• a further heating zone can be provided between the preheating chamber 5, in which the glass panels 7 are preheated together, and the heating zone 2, in which the glass panels 7 are heated, for example individually, to a temperature of 650.degree the glass sheets 7 are individually heated to a temperature which lies between the temperature in the preheating chamber 5 and that of the heating zone 2.
• This embodiment is not shown in the drawing.
• An advantage of the preheating chamber 5, in which several glass sheets 7 are warmed up together, is that the warming-up can be carried out correspondingly slowly and therefore with less energy consumption, since there is sufficient time available for preheating. It is shown in the exemplary embodiment that several, in the example two, compartment trolleys 6 are provided in the chamber 5 and that the compartment trolley 6, which was last loaded into the preheating chamber 5 and loaded with glass panels 7, is then only moved into the removal point provided next to the tilting table 9, when the compartment trolley 6 located in the removal point has been emptied. A new compartment trolley 6 filled with glass panels 7 is then moved into the waiting zone of the preheating chamber 5 and the glass panels 7 located in it are slowly warmed up.
• the heating zone 2 is shown in more detail in FIG. 2.
• the heating zone 2 is aligned according to the invention in such a way that the glass sheets 7 are not aligned horizontally but rather inclined to almost vertical.
• the heating zone 2 (as well as the cooling zone 3 connected downstream) is aligned with an inclination setting 11, for example in the form of pneumatic or hydraulic cylinders, so that the inclination of the heating zone 2 or the glass sheet 7 located therein is in accordance with the requirements (size and thickness of the glass fei) can be set. This avoids the problems which occur with heating zones working with horizontal glass panels during transport and support of the glass panels (deformation / sagging, etc.).
• a transport device 12 which, as shown in the exemplary embodiment, can be an endless transport belt, but a transport device can also be provided, which in principle is designed as described in DE 30 38 425 A is described, the horizontal supports of the conveyor device being able to fully or partially engage under the glass sheet 7 at its lower edge.
• the supports which grip under the glass sheet 7, in particular if they completely grip under the glass plate, are attached to the chains or other endless conveyor links lying opposite one another, offset from one another.
• the heating zone 2 has two heating plates 15 which are arranged opposite one another and leave between them a space for the glass sheet 7 to be heated, which heating plates 15 are heated in any manner.
• the heater can be an electric heater or a gas heater.
• a number of bores 16 are provided in the heating plates 15, which can have a surface formation that supports and increases the emission of heat radiation, and can be pressurized with compressed gas via chambers 17, so that one is arranged between the heating plates 15 on both sides Glass panel 7 form gas, in particular air cushions. Thus, the glass sheet 7 does not touch either the one or the other heating plate 15, but is only supported and transported at its lower edge by the transport means 12.
• heating plates 15 are also conceivable, in which the heating plate 15 arranged above the glass plates 7 has no holes / bores 16, so that heat is largely emitted from the upper heating plate 15 onto the glass plate 7 to be heated by heat radiation.
• the heating zone 2 can also be designed such that heat from the lower heating plate 15 is emitted by radiation and convection, from the upper heating plate 15 heat is emitted predominantly by radiation to the glass sheet.
• a correspondingly preheated compressed gas e.g. Air.
• the heating plates 15 can be subdivided into sections, for example parallel to the transport device 12, that is to say to the conveying direction, which are put into operation depending on the length of the glass sheet 7 measured away from the transport device 12 or be stopped. This saves more energy.
• the heating plates 15 are also installed in the device in a manner not shown in such a way that the spacing of the heating plates 15 from one another can be changed for the purpose of adaptation to the thickness of the glass sheet to be hardened. It is sufficient if the upper heating plate 15 e.g. can be adjusted relative to the lower heating plate 15 by pressure medium cylinders or similar actuators.
• the glass sheet 7 is rapidly heated, for example, from the preheating temperature of 300 ° C. to the curing temperature of, for example, 650 ° C., primarily by radiation, assisted by convection.
• the cooling zone 3 Connected to the heating zone 2 is the cooling zone 3, which is of identical technical design with the heating zone 2 and in which the cooling plates 20, for example through which a cooling medium flows (not shown), are provided.
• the outlet bores 16 in the two cooling plates 20 are charged with a correspondingly cooled gas, so that the - now cooling - air cushions previously described in connection with the heating zone 2 form, which are arranged above and below the glass panel 7 to be quenched, or only below the glass panel 7.
• the cooling plates 20 are also designed to be movable relative to one another so that they can be moved closer to and away from one another. This can also be used to briefly apply the cooling plates 20 to both surfaces of the glass sheet 7 by switching off the air cushion and stopping the transport 12, in order to carry out the quenching for the purpose of hardening the glass sheet 7 even more quickly.
• This mode of operation is mainly used for thin glass sheets 7. In the case of thicker glass panels 7, it will often be advantageous to apply cold air to the glass panel 7 to be quenched, as a rule from both sides, and to stop the glass panel 7 in the region of the cooling zone 3.
• the transport 12 in the area of the cooling zone 2 is stopped in order to avoid an undesired relative movement between the glass sheet 7 and the transport 12.
• the transport 12 can also be stopped in the area of the heating zone 2 if, for example, the glass sheets 7 are so large and / or thick that they are not heated to the required hardening temperature in the continuous process can.
• the glass panels 7 reach a post-cooling zone 4 via a tilting table 25, which can be accommodated in a chamber and also contains compartment trolleys 6 of the type described above, the glass panels 7 sorted into commissions trolleys immediately according to commissions 6 can be turned off in order to then be cooled to room temperature.
• the cooling capacity does not need to be large here, since there is sufficient time to cool down. Otherwise there is the possibility, if the post-cooling zone 4 is accommodated in a chamber (see the chamber indicated by the broken line in FIG. 1), that heated air is produced of the post-cooling zone 4 in the preheating zone 1 in order to save energy (pipeline 26).
• the surfaces of the cooling plates 20 facing the glass plates 7 can be designed to support the absorption of heat radiation.
• the mutually facing surfaces of the cooling plates 20 can be ribbed or corrugated in order to increase the heat-absorbing surface of the cooling plates 20.
• the glass sheets 7 are not moved horizontally, but rather inclined to the vertical, for example at an acute angle, through the heating zone 2 and the cooling zone 3 connected downstream, so that the previous problems in connection with the Supporting the glass panels 7 and the transport thereof, which have often led to deformations of the glass panels 7, do not result.
• the glass panels 7 can be moved through the heating zone 2 and the cooling zone 3 at the desired speed, it being possible without further ado if the glass panels 7 are required to stop briefly in the heating zone 2 and / or the cooling zone 3, which is of particular interest if in the cooling zone 3 the cooling plates 20 are to be placed from both sides against a glass panel 7 to be quenched.
• the cooling plates 20 can also be divided into different zones, so that the area of the cooling plates 20 effective for cooling can be adapted to the size of the glass plate 7 to be quenched (its length extension measured away from the conveying device).
• a system for hardening glass sheets has a preheating zone 1, in which a plurality of glass stacks 7 standing in compartment trolleys 6 are heated together to a temperature below the hardening temperature of, for example, 650 ° C. (e.g. 300 ° C.).
• the preheated glass sheets 7 are moved individually from the preheating zone 1 into a heating zone 2.
• the glass sheets 7 are heated to the hardening temperature, whereby they are inclined at an acute angle to the vertical and are held by air cushions between two heating plates.
• a transport device is provided which supports the glass plates 7 downwards at the same time.
• the glass plates 7 heated to the curing temperature are brought into a cooling zone 3 which has cooling plates aligned parallel to the heating plates, between which the glass plate 7 is inserted for quenching.
• the cooling plates can also be placed on the two sides of the glass sheet 7 to be hardened for quenching.
• the quenched glass plates which still have a temperature of, for example, 300 ° C., are transported into a post-cooling zone 4, in which they are placed in compartment trolleys 6 and slowly cooled to room temperature.
• the fact that the glass panels 7 in the heating zone 2 and the cooling zone 3 are not horizontal but inclined means that there are no problems with supporting and transporting the glass panels 7.
• preheating the glass panels 7 and cooling the glass panels 7 together at room temperature after quenching the same considerable energy savings are made since the heating or cooling capacity in the preheating zone 1 and the after-cooling zone 4 can be low.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (1)

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ID=25592047

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (41)

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• 1997
  • 1997-03-10 WO PCT/AT1997/000048 patent/WO1997034844A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1997-03-10 CN CN97190230A patent/CN1183090A/zh active Pending
  • 1997-03-10 HU HU9901446A patent/HUP9901446A3/hu unknown
  • 1997-03-10 TR TR97/01411T patent/TR199701411T1/xx unknown
  • 1997-03-10 JP JP9532966A patent/JPH11505501A/ja active Pending
  • 1997-03-10 US US08/945,925 patent/US6053011A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1997-03-10 CZ CZ973702A patent/CZ370297A3/cs unknown
  • 1997-03-10 EP EP97906027A patent/EP0827489A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1997-03-10 CA CA002219852A patent/CA2219852A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1997-03-10 AU AU20861/97A patent/AU714822B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1997-03-10 BR BR9707118-8A patent/BR9707118A/pt unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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