EP0679503B1 - Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées à partir de matières pulvérulentes et presse correspondante - Google Patents

Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées à partir de matières pulvérulentes et presse correspondante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0679503B1
EP0679503B1 EP95100322A EP95100322A EP0679503B1 EP 0679503 B1 EP0679503 B1 EP 0679503B1 EP 95100322 A EP95100322 A EP 95100322A EP 95100322 A EP95100322 A EP 95100322A EP 0679503 B1 EP0679503 B1 EP 0679503B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
die
press
pressing
ram
moved
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95100322A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0679503A1 (fr
Inventor
Dipl.-Ing. Schröfele (FH) Josef
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG filed Critical DORST Technologies GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0679503A1 publication Critical patent/EP0679503A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a press according to the preamble of claim 9.
  • the invention relates to a method for the production of compacts from ceramic or metallic Particles by compression with a press tool comprising a lower stamp, an upper stamp and a die.
  • Fluctuations in density can be reduced if that Press tool is designed so that a floating die moved in the pressing direction by the wall friction forces becomes. As a result, the powder column is compressed by the upper punch and at the same time pushed against the lower stamp and from both. Sides compressed almost evenly. Since the Die path in the pressing direction depends on the friction conditions and is therefore not clearly defined, one results poor reproducibility of the density distribution. One differentiates here between the ejection process and the peeling process.
  • the die In the ejection process, the die is supported on springs and leads during the pressing process, due to the wall friction forces, a relative movement in the pressing direction. When returning the The die jumps into the upper die due to the spring force Starting position back. The compact stands out from the Lower stamp, with unwanted slate or flaking can occur on the compacts. In the ejection position the compact can be removed.
  • the die is forcibly coupled to the upper punch moved down.
  • the ratio is the Movements of the upper punch and die with respect to one even density distribution of the compact can be tuned.
  • In the withdrawal position becomes the die for removing the compact shutdown.
  • the pull-off process is largely Exfoliation avoided.
  • a disadvantage of this pull-off method which is mainly used today is the complex kinematics for the upper stamp, which first moved to the closed position and then to the pressed position is pressed, which has the consequence that the upper stamp and its drive both with regard to the closing movement as well as with regard to the pressing work accordingly must be dimensioned.
  • an elaborate one Control system for the stroke in the closed position and the subsequent pressing movement But that is also complex Die control in coordination with the press stroke of the Upper stamp has to take place. So the matrix of the Filling position moved to the pressing position, and in the pressing position are held (matrix support). On top of that after the upper die has moved away, the die is moved down and raised again after ejecting the compact must be what a complicated structure and a complicated Control requires.
  • the object of the invention is a method for the production of compacts from powdered material and a press to create, with which the disadvantages mentioned above are eliminated become, in particular a simple in the kinematics and control Pressing process and a simply constructed press can be realized.
  • the pressing work is not carried out the upper stamp, but realized by the lower stamp, the one against the fixed one driven in the closed position
  • Upper stamp condensed and in this respect a complete departure from previously known principle of the ejection or the pull-off process brings.
  • Essential to achieve an even Compression and reproducibility of the density distribution is further that for the purpose of recompression for take away of the matrices over part of the press force stroke of the lower punch is taken care of what is preferably positively by a Driving device can take place at the end of the pressing force stroke the lower die the die over a short distance, up to about 6 mm.
  • a sliding top pressure can be achieved that the die is positively coordinated with the Lower stamp is raised, the gear ratio is adjustable.
  • the output from the main shaft of the press to the upper stamp over one Cam mechanism takes place, which is compared to other mechanisms, such as connecting rods, has the advantage that the movement of the upper punch, which is only in the closed position procedure must be interpreted as desired can.
  • the closing movement of the upper punch for the little as a result of the decoupling from the press force build-up Forces are required to be done quickly, what about a connecting rod mechanism cannot be adjusted accordingly can.
  • the cam mechanism can by a Special gears can be set so that the closing time of the upper stamp with the start of compaction of the lower stamp coincides. About the free design thus made possible the closing movement wins time, which is then for the filling process is available.
  • the closed position of the upper stamp for tools with additional levels advantageous, as in the production of stepped compacts.
  • certain stamps which before the start of compression from the filling position to an intermediate position must be transported to the position of the breakpoint of the upper stamp, whereas with the peeling process, in which the upper punch also moves into the pressing position, these tool parts must be stopped separately, hence a separate mechanism including support mechanism is required.
  • the conventional ones are omitted with regard to the die required hold-down devices as well as die support mechanisms and it results in the lower case for the sliding top pressure more space. There are also fewer moving masses, which leads to a shorter run-on time.
  • Both with regard to the movement of the upper stamp as well the movement of the lower punch is the use of a cam mechanism possible what appropriate design options allowed.
  • the closing movement of the upper stamp can be carried out faster, so that more There is space and time for filling, as opposed to the matrix remains on the peeling process.
  • the upper stamp stroke must be adjusted to the closing movement alone and can be kept as small as absolutely necessary.
  • Short paths of the die facilitate the attachment of filling device, removal devices and calibration feeders. There is no hold-down anymore required for the matrix to allow the matrix to breathe freely prevent if the upper punch is moved upwards. There is an optimized pressing movement for the lower punch with curve / roller or with knee lever.
  • Figures 1 to 4 with 1 is the upper stamp, with 2 the Lower stamp and labeled 3 the die.
  • Figure 1 shows for the pull-off process from the closed position of the press the pressing process, with the lower punch 2 fixed Upper stamp 1 is moved towards the lower stamp 2 and thereby the die 3 is forced downwards during the pressing process is moved.
  • the pressing position is shown in Figure 2 the compact is denoted by 4. Ejecting the Pressings 4 takes place in that after the upper punch has moved away 1 moved the die 3 down into the pull-off position is, so that the compact is removed from the lower stamp 2 can be.
  • the die 3 at the end of the press stroke of the lower punch 2 over a the preset path with the lower stamp 2 upwards become.
  • the die 3 is synchronized with the lower stamp 2 via a preset speed of the lower die 2 coupled speed over a predetermined path in synchronism with the lower stamp 2 upwards relative to that in the closed position and fixed upper stamp 1 driven.
  • 5b shows the structure of the press in the lower area, with 6 the base plate carrying the lower stamp 2, 7 with the die and 8 denotes a coupling part is, against which the die 7 displaceable via rods 9 is led.
  • the lower stamp is returned in the filling position via a designated 15 Spring system made of two opposite tension springs attached to your upper end at 16 fixed to the base plate 6 and thus the lower stamp 2 are coupled.
  • a spring system can also be any other suitable device, such as pneumatic or hydraulic return device can be used, however, the return can also be due to the dead weight the base plate 6 and the associated components become.
  • the end stop for the filling position is through a stop disc 17 determined by a spindle 18 and a so interacting gear 19 adjustable and via a nut 20 is set.
  • the actual press path from the adjustable and filling position formed by the stop disk 17 in the pressing position is denoted by P in Figure 5.
  • the die can be removed during the Press work can be arranged in a fixed manner (according to figure 5), the fixing in the illustrated embodiment Realized via an externally actuated screw 21 that cooperates with an associated threaded part 22.
  • the threaded ring is 22 turned upwards so that the die is fixed.
  • the pneumatic piston of the die designated 23 on the cylinder 24, so that an upward movement of the die not possible.
  • the die train is from the pneumatic piston 23 via the stop ring 25 and the components 26a, 26b and the bars 27 passing through the base plate 6, which are firmly connected to the die plate 7.
  • the die 7 for the purpose of post-compression of the die 7 is released above via the screw mechanism 21, 22 by moving the threaded ring 22 downwards and thereby a predeterminable distance for the upward movement the die 7 along with the up while the lower die driving pressing work is reached, so that the die from the filling position together with the lower stamp can be moved up into the pressing position.
  • the filling position of the die is around the Thread ring 22 set dimension lower. Since the die with the lower stamp on the spindle 18 and the stop disc 17 is coupled, is also the lower stamp around the set on the threaded ring 22 lower, so that in the illustrated Embodiment over the threaded ring 22nd adjustable travel distance at the end of the upward stroke of the lower punch 2 is approximately 5 mm.
  • the ejection movement after the pressing process takes place by starting up of the lower punch 2 over the base plate 6 from the in Figure 5 shown press position also.
  • This is a Provided pair of curves 31, which is arranged on the main shaft 9 is.
  • the cam disks 31 act with sliding blocks 32 together, which are each received in a carrier 33.
  • Each carrier 33 is received in a spindle element 34, which for the purpose of setting the one designated in FIG. 5b Ejection path adjustable via an indicated pinion 35 is.
  • the adjustment by turning the hollow spindle 34 takes place via a thread with the carrier 33.
  • the over the cam discs 31 initiated movement is via the rods 14 transferred to the base plate 6 so that the lower stamp from the pressing position upwards for the purpose of ejection the compact is driven.
  • sliding blocks 32 instead of sliding blocks 32 also other mechanisms, such as Roles are used.
  • the upper punch is required only a closing movement, but not a press movement.
  • the kinematics of the upper stamp are the best explained with reference to Figures 5a and 6.
  • the pneumatic cylinder 43 For the purpose of closing the upper stamp, the pneumatic cylinder 43 the double lever 42, one with 44 designated shaft pivots, see also Figure 5a.
  • This will a pair of toggle levers 45 fastened to the shaft 44 is extended, in particular in the extended position (see Fig. 5a) transferred in the upper stamp is in the closed position.
  • the Pair of toggle levers 45 acts on a guide cross member 46 and a kinematically fixed coupling part 47 which for receiving the upper punch, not shown in Figure 5a 1 serves.
  • the upper stamp is over the coupling part 47 adjustable relative to the traverse 46, specifically via a suitable adjustment unit in the illustrated embodiment is not shown.
  • the die can be used for the principle of sliding overpressure together with the lower stamp at a coordinated speed and be driven up a coordinated path about half the speed of the lower die by half Way of the lower stamp or at a quarter of the speed a quarter of the way of the lower stamp what with a device shown in FIG. 7 can.
  • a coupling of the die movement is required for the sliding top pressure provided with the movement of the lower punch, which takes place via a lever 49, which is fixed in the bearing 50 opposite the machine housing is mounted.
  • the other end of the Lever 49 lies at 51 on the cross member 13, so that the lever 49 with the movement of the lower punch over the crossbar 13 is pivoted about the bearing point 50.
  • the swivel movement the lever is on the die via a sliding block 52 7 transmitted, the gear ratio of the coupling the die movement with the movement of the lower punch or the guide cross 13 determined.
  • the lever 49 is pivoted upwards, so that the die 7 synchronized with the movement via the sliding block 52 of the lower stamp, but with a corresponding one Gear ratio, is driven.
  • the sliding top pressure is especially advantageous when in the die Levels are available. With sequential densification, So the material would first be pressed from below and then from above pushed up the step after the first compaction process become what is most problematic.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de pièces moulées à partir de particules pulvérulentes, en particulier en céramique ou en métal, par compression, au cours de laquelle, dans une presse comportant un poinçon inférieur (2), un poinçon supérieur (1) et une matrice (3), la poudre emplissant un volume creux de moule (5) limité par la matrice est comprimée, après fermeture du volume creux du moule (5), par le mouvement du poinçon venant en position de pressage, en faisant descendre le poinçon inférieur (2), le pressage préliminaire se faisant par le poinçon supérieur se déplaçant en position de fermeture, le pressage se faisant contre le poinçon supérieur (1) en position fixe après que ce dernier ait été déplacé en position de fermeture, et le travail de pressage se faisant par le poinçon inférieur (2) que l'on fait déplacer en position de pressage, pour la compression de la poudre, dans la direction du poinçon supérieur (1), caractérisé en ce que, pour exécuter une post-compression, la matrice (7) est, à la fin de la course du poinçon inférieur (2), déplacée à force sur une distance prédéfinie en étant accouplée avec le poinçon inférieur, ou, pour exécuter une surpression par glissement, la matrice (7) est déplacée à force en synchronisme, couplée au poinçon inférieur (2), en pouvant régler le rapport de vitesse et la course.
  2. Procédé suivant la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la pièce moulée est éjectée en faisant déplacer vers le haut le poinçon inférieur (2) au-delà de sa position de pressage.
  3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la compression se fait par déplacement du poinçon inférieur (2), la matrice (7) et le poinçon supérieur (1) étant fixes.
  4. Presse pour l'exécution du procédé suivant l'une des revendication précédentes, comportant un poinçon supérieur, un poinçon inférieur et une matrice, caractérisée par un poinçon inférieur (2) pouvant se déplacer pour venir dans la position de pressage, et par une matrice (7) pouvant être placée en position fixe pour l'opération de pressage et/ou pouvant être entraínée par des éléments d'accouplement sur au moins une partie du mouvement de pressage du poinçon inférieur (2).
  5. Presse suivant la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le poinçon inférieur (2) peut être déplacé en position de pressage au moyen d'une plaque de base (6), la course de pressage étant commandée par au moins un disque à came (2) monté sur l'arbre principal (9) de la presse.
  6. Presse suivant la revendication 4 ou la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le mouvement d'éjection de la pièce moulée se fait au moyen du poinçon inférieur (2) et est commandé par au moins un disque à came (31) monté sur l'arbre principal (9) avec lequel on fait déplacer vers le haut le poinçon inférieur (2) se trouvant en position de pressage.
  7. Presse suivant la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que les disques à came (31) agissent chacun en coordination avec des coulisseaux (32) ou des galets d'un support (33) qui est disposé réglable chaque fois dans une broche creuse (34), qui est reliée à un élément de construction fixe sur la plaque de base (6), de préférence à une traverse (13).
  8. Presse suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 7, caractérisée en ce que la matrice (7) peut être entraínée, sur au moins une partie de la course de pressage, au moyen d'une pièce de construction fixée à la plaque de base (6) portant le poinçon inférieur (2), de préférence à une traverse (13), la traverse 13 agissant sur un piston (23) de la matrice (7), placé dans un cylindre (24).
  9. Presse suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que le réglage du mouvement d'entraínement de la matrice (7) et la fixation de la matrice (7) se font par un mécanisme de réglage réalisé, de préférence, sous la forme d'un engrenage à vis sans fin (21, 22).
  10. Presse suivant l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que, pour le mouvement de fermeture du poinçon supérieur (1), il est prévu un mécanisme à genouillère (25), réalisé de préférence à partir d'un couple de genouillères qui se trouve, en position de fermeture, dans une position d'expansion.
  11. Presse suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 10, caractérisée en ce que, dans le but d'une surpression par glissement, un levier (49), monté solidaire de la presse, peut être entraíné par une pièce de construction, fixée à la plaque de base (6), de préférence une traverse de guidage (13), et en ce que la matrice (7) est entraínée par une pièce de construction (52), placée au contact du levier (49) et dont le rapport de transformation du mouvement d'entraínement de la matrice peut être réglé au moyen du point d'attaque sur le levier (49).
EP95100322A 1994-04-27 1995-01-11 Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées à partir de matières pulvérulentes et presse correspondante Expired - Lifetime EP0679503B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4414771 1994-04-27
DE4414771 1994-04-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0679503A1 EP0679503A1 (fr) 1995-11-02
EP0679503B1 true EP0679503B1 (fr) 1999-06-02

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EP95100322A Expired - Lifetime EP0679503B1 (fr) 1994-04-27 1995-01-11 Procédé pour fabriquer des pièces moulées à partir de matières pulvérulentes et presse correspondante

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Country Link
US (1) US5874114A (fr)
EP (1) EP0679503B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH07299600A (fr)
CN (1) CN1117418A (fr)
DE (1) DE59506072D1 (fr)

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JP3737331B2 (ja) * 1999-03-31 2006-01-18 Ｓｐｓシンテックス株式会社 粉体の自動充填方法及び装置
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JP5415821B2 (ja) * 2009-05-13 2014-02-12 日立粉末冶金株式会社 略円柱状の粉末成形体および粉末成形金型装置
CN102390569B (zh) * 2011-07-26 2013-11-13 瑞安市佳诚机械厂 一种包装机的加料装置及应用该装置的暖宝宝包装机
KR101552018B1 (ko) * 2012-11-07 2015-09-09 오씨아이 주식회사 진공단열재 심재의 성형 장치 및 이를 통해 제조된 진공단열재
CN103860030B (zh) * 2012-12-17 2016-01-27 广东福尔电子有限公司 一种电饭锅硬磁体的生产方法
CN104977954B (zh) * 2014-04-09 2017-07-28 佛山市恒力泰机械有限公司 一种陶瓷压砖机速度位置双闭环控制方法
JP5821111B1 (ja) * 2015-01-16 2015-11-24 小林工業株式会社 金型装置
JP6536480B2 (ja) * 2016-05-17 2019-07-03 新東工業株式会社 抜枠造型機
CN106914614B (zh) * 2017-05-09 2018-08-28 长春工业大学 一种可实现钽芯分级压制的调节机构

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Publication number Publication date
EP0679503A1 (fr) 1995-11-02
JPH07299600A (ja) 1995-11-14
US5874114A (en) 1999-02-23
DE59506072D1 (de) 1999-07-08
CN1117418A (zh) 1996-02-28

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