EP0551634B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Lochsteinen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Lochsteinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0551634B1
EP0551634B1 EP92121713A EP92121713A EP0551634B1 EP 0551634 B1 EP0551634 B1 EP 0551634B1 EP 92121713 A EP92121713 A EP 92121713A EP 92121713 A EP92121713 A EP 92121713A EP 0551634 B1 EP0551634 B1 EP 0551634B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plunger
mould
concrete
core pins
component part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92121713A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0551634A1 (de
Inventor
Josef Metten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metten Stein and Design GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Metten Stein and Design GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Metten Stein and Design GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Metten Stein and Design GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0551634A1 publication Critical patent/EP0551634A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0551634B1 publication Critical patent/EP0551634B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/44—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by forcing cores into filled moulds for forming hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B28B7/183—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for building blocks or similar block-shaped objects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/037—Perforate

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for producing concrete blocks with continuous, thin holes for water drainage (hole blocks), in particular paving stones of various formats and sizes, the production in at least one form filled with concrete, which is stored on a molding table, and at least one stamp corresponding to the shape and the stone surface for compacting the concrete is carried out and the concrete blocks then harden.
  • the generic GB-A-493,777 shows a form for producing bricks.
  • This mold has a double bottom in the form of a continuous indentation, material being filled into the mold in a first step. This is then compressed in a second step in the edge area of the mold and subsequently in the third step, the resulting free spaces are filled again with material. Finally, in a fourth step, the entire material is compressed again and an upper indentation is pressed in. In a last step, holes are made in the material while again compacting. The work steps are carried out with different tools and with successive filling processes, the Finally, holes are pressed into the compacted material with great effort. It is inevitable that a considerable amount of material is pressed into the lower indentation during the press-in process.
  • the further known DE-A-2402787 shows a device for producing concrete blocks with holes.
  • the holes are worked into the concrete blocks using core punches.
  • these holes are not through holes but blind holes that end in the lower area of the concrete blocks. These holes become clogged with dirt and water when used outdoors.
  • US-A-3,127,459 shows a rectangular brick with through holes. These end on the straight rectangular surfaces of the brick.
  • GB-A-721,220 shows something similar. This document shows a brick with large recesses that also open on straight rectangular surfaces of the brick.
  • the object of the present invention is to modify known methods and devices so that concrete blocks, in particular paving stones, of various formats and sizes with continuous, thin holes for water drainage (hole blocks) can be produced. It should be possible to produce concrete blocks with a smooth as well as with a rough or roughened surface. Particular importance should be attached to the fact that larger amounts of water can be effectively removed over a longer period of time.
  • This object of the invention is achieved according to the method in that a movable component with perforated pins is arranged in the area of the punches or the shaping table, which is inserted at least partially within the mold with the perforated pins before the concrete is compacted, that the concrete is subsequently by means of a Forward movement of the stamp is compressed, that at least after the compression, the perforated pins protrude into openings of strips arranged on the molding table, so that continuous thin holes are formed in the compressed concrete blocks, that the perforated pins are then at least partially removed from the area of the compressed concrete blocks and then the stamps and, if not yet done, the perforated pins are moved back from the area of the compacted concrete blocks and the concrete blocks are completely removed from the mold.
  • the component on which the perforated pins are fastened is mounted and guided outside the stamp.
  • the perforated pins are inserted into the concrete through openings in the punch to the forming table.
  • the method can also be carried out so that the component is mounted and guided on the molding table and that the perforated pins are inserted through openings in the molding table up to the punch in the concrete.
  • Stored and guided on the molding table is to say that the component can be arranged in a larger-volume molding table or can be mounted below the molding table.
  • the forming table or a drawing plate arranged on the forming table has strips which, according to the desired groove, have a semicircular, angular or cutting-like outer contour.
  • the strips have openings or longitudinal slots which are adapted to the perforated pins or the cross sections of the perforated pins, so that they can dip into the strips.
  • the perforated pins thus have a free space in which they reach such an end position at different heights that the punch (s) can compress the concrete evenly. This is significant because it cannot be guaranteed that the amount and density of concrete poured into the mold will always be the same.
  • the strips are preferably hollow and the drawing plate or the forming table has openings which are in operative connection with the cavities. This allows concrete particles that are pressed into the cavities of the strips by the perforated pins to escape again.
  • the punches have openings, that perforated pins are preferably arranged on the center line of the openings, which are fastened to at least one component, that the component is arranged on the side of the stamp opposite the mold and at least partially independent of it the stamp is displaceable in its direction of movement and that the displacement path of the component is dimensioned such that the ends of the perforated pins extend in the forwardly moved position of the stamp to the forming table on the one hand and up above the surface of the concrete in the retracted position of the stamp on the other.
  • the movement of the component with the perforated pins can take place both depending on and independently of the punch, for example by hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders or mechanically / electrically by electrically operated spindles.
  • one or more actuating device can act independently of the punch and its push rod on a machine frame.
  • the actuating device or devices can also act on the stamp or a component connected to the stamp.
  • the actuating device can also be designed to be single-acting and be operatively connected to springs which generate counterforces.
  • a simple solution also consists in that the components carrying the perforated pins are fastened to a push rod or push tube or, depending on the size, also to several push rods and push tubes of the machine.
  • the push rods or push tubes are the components which usually raise and lower the punch or punch plate and compact the concrete.
  • the component or components that carry the perforated pins can be rigidly attached to these push rods and the punches for compression relative to these push rods can be resiliently mounted within stops. In this case, therefore, the perforated pins first penetrate at least partially into the concrete until the stamp rests on the concrete, and then penetrate further to the forming table, in which case the stamp yields resiliently and only fully compresses at the end via the stop Concrete.
  • the perforated pins are then first raised, the punch or punches exerting a residual pressure on the concrete block via the springs, after which the perforated pins and the punches are raised to such an extent that they are supported above the surface of the concrete blocks and removed can be.
  • the mold or the component with the perforated pins can have lugs or projections, by means of which the mold is lifted at least in sections when it is lifted. This can advantageously take place on such a section of the route or at a point in time in which the punches still exert residual pressure on the concrete blocks, so that the shear force between the shape and the soft concrete block is overcome.
  • the drawing plate is pulled away from the concrete blocks before they are removed from the mold, so that the concrete blocks come to rest on the molding table or a board, it is advantageous if the longitudinal axes of the strips are aligned parallel to the direction of movement of the drawing plate, so that it can easily be pulled out from under the concrete blocks. If longitudinal slots are arranged in the strips, the perforated pins can initially remain in the compacted, still soft concrete blocks until the strips have been pulled away from under the concrete blocks. This means that the holes cannot be smeared by moving the strips.
  • the device for carrying out the method can also be designed in such a way that the forming table has openings, that preferably perforated pins are arranged on the center line of the openings and are fastened to at least one component that the component is on the side opposite to the mold is arranged on or in the molding table and can be moved in the direction of and away from the stamp and that the displacement path of the component is dimensioned such that the end of the perforated pins up to the stamp in its lowered position on the one hand and into openings within the On the other hand, the mold-facing outer surface of the molding table or the strips arranged on the molding table or drawing plate are sufficient.
  • the punches can also have openings and the displacement path of the components can be dimensioned such that the ends of the perforated pins extend into them.
  • the molding table or the drawing plate can be double-walled, and the component can accommodate actuators, springs and the like.
  • the actuators and / or springs can also be stored outside the molding table or the drawing plate.
  • the filling and compaction of the concrete blocks takes place in the known manner and with the known stamps, while the holes in the concrete blocks are produced by means of perforated pins which are inserted from the mold table after the molds have been filled with concrete.
  • the perforated pins can also be inserted into the mold before the mold is filled with concrete, which is then filled and compacted.
  • the cross section of the perforated pins can be as desired.
  • the first step is to make it round. But it can also be oval, square or rectangular.
  • a cross shape with narrow bars can also be an advantage. How the cross section of the perforated pins is designed is less a question of the manufacturing process or the design of the device than a question of how the cross section of the openings in the perforated bricks should be in the finished state and what amounts of water should be drained off.
  • 1 denotes a molding table on which a drawing plate 2 is mounted.
  • a mold 3 is arranged on the drawing plate 2 and can be raised and lowered independently of the molding table 1.
  • Both the molding table 1 with drawing plate 2 and the mold 3 are usually of such a size that a large number of cavities are formed, so that a large number of concrete blocks can be produced at the same time.
  • 4 with a stamp is designated, which is attached to a push rod 5, which in turn is attached to one or more other components, e.g. supports a stamp plate, so that several stamps are provided according to the size of the shape.
  • 6 pins are designated, which are attached to a component 10 in accordance with FIGS. 4 to 7 and 8 to 9 in such a way that several perforated pins, e.g. four or six are provided.
  • stops 11 can be attached to the component 10 such that they come into contact with the mold when the mold 3 is lifted, and the mold 3 touches the component 10 and thus the perforated pins 6 lifts.
  • strips 12 are provided on the drawing plate, which have openings 13 for the perforated pins 6.
  • the openings 13 are adapted in size to the hole pins 6 so that they are guided in the strips 12.
  • the strips 12 according to FIGS. 1 to 4, 6 and 12 are hollow and are operatively connected to openings in the drawing plate 2, so that concrete material accumulating in the strips can escape.
  • the perforated pins 6 according to FIG. 4 are pulled out of the soft concrete or, according to FIGS. 5 and 7, the form 3 and, via the stops 11, the component 10 with the perforated pins 6 are raised, so that finished but still soft concrete blocks 14 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 are present, which can then harden after removal from the machine.
  • the perforated pins 6 can, as explained in the claims and the general description, be raised and lowered independently of the punches 4 or the form 3. However, they can also be moved via the component 10 in the direction of the mold table 1 by spring force or also by a mechanical, hydraulic or pneumatic device in the direction of the mold table 1 and then raised by lifting the mold 3 via the stops 11. However, as can be seen in FIG. 6, the component 10 can also be moved back and forth relative to the stamp plate by means of an actuating device 15 which acts, for example, on the stamp plate.
  • the perforated plate 2 is double-walled in such a way that cavities are formed in which the component 10 with the perforated pins 6 is accommodated so that the perforated pins through the openings 13 in the drawing plate or in the strips of can be inserted into the mold below, to the extent that they protrude into holes 17 in the punches 4.
  • the perforated pins in the holes 17 in the stamps are performed so that no concrete can escape during compaction. If the perforated pins 6 are conical, it must be ensured that the seal is designed so that it is designed to be sealed over a wide area, but at least when the punches compact the concrete.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
EP92121713A 1992-01-13 1992-12-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Lochsteinen Expired - Lifetime EP0551634B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4200602 1992-01-13
DE4200602A DE4200602A1 (de) 1992-01-13 1992-01-13 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von lochsteinen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0551634A1 EP0551634A1 (de) 1993-07-21
EP0551634B1 true EP0551634B1 (de) 1997-07-02

Family

ID=6449405

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92121713A Expired - Lifetime EP0551634B1 (de) 1992-01-13 1992-12-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Lochsteinen

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5397228A (no)
EP (1) EP0551634B1 (no)
JP (1) JPH05337914A (no)
AT (1) ATE154906T1 (no)
CA (1) CA2087067C (no)
CZ (1) CZ290862B6 (no)
DE (2) DE4200602A1 (no)
FI (1) FI930131A (no)
HU (1) HU216415B (no)
NO (1) NO930102L (no)
PL (1) PL170666B1 (no)
SI (1) SI9300016B (no)

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US8888481B2 (en) 2011-01-10 2014-11-18 Stable Concrete Structures, Inc. Machine for manufacturing concrete U-wall type construction blocks by molding each concrete U-wall construction block from concrete poured about a block cage made from reinforcing material while said block cage is loaded within said machine
CA2746755C (en) * 2011-07-15 2014-09-16 Magnum Forms Inc. Block forming apparatus and method
CN103302726A (zh) * 2013-06-14 2013-09-18 王庆起 一种生产打孔水泥预制品的制砖机
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US9808958B1 (en) * 2016-10-18 2017-11-07 Jean Leon Cuburu Post molding system

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SI9300016A (en) 1993-09-30
PL170666B1 (pl) 1997-01-31
CA2087067A1 (en) 1993-07-14
DE4200602A1 (de) 1993-08-12
PL297334A1 (en) 1993-08-23
CZ401192A3 (en) 1993-08-11
ATE154906T1 (de) 1997-07-15
FI930131A (fi) 1993-07-14
HU9300070D0 (en) 1993-04-28
NO930102L (no) 1993-07-14
HUH3815A (en) 1997-06-30
HU216415B (hu) 1999-06-28
US5397228A (en) 1995-03-14
FI930131A0 (fi) 1993-01-13
SI9300016B (en) 2001-12-31
EP0551634A1 (de) 1993-07-21
NO930102D0 (no) 1993-01-12
JPH05337914A (ja) 1993-12-21
DE59208661D1 (de) 1997-08-07
CA2087067C (en) 2002-08-27
CZ290862B6 (cs) 2002-11-13

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