EP0094405A1 - Dispositif automoteur pour le transport d'elements lourds en beton. - Google Patents

Dispositif automoteur pour le transport d'elements lourds en beton.

Info

Publication number
EP0094405A1
EP0094405A1 EP19820903451 EP82903451A EP0094405A1 EP 0094405 A1 EP0094405 A1 EP 0094405A1 EP 19820903451 EP19820903451 EP 19820903451 EP 82903451 A EP82903451 A EP 82903451A EP 0094405 A1 EP0094405 A1 EP 0094405A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
suction
bell
support
lifter
lifting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19820903451
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0094405B1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard Gopfert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0094405A1 publication Critical patent/EP0094405A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0094405B1 publication Critical patent/EP0094405B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/52—Apparatus for laying individual preformed surfacing elements, e.g. kerbstones
    • E01C19/524—Apparatus for laying individual preformed surfacing elements, e.g. kerbstones using suction devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/02—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by suction means
    • B66C1/0212—Circular shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/02—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by suction means
    • B66C1/0237—Multiple lifting units; More than one suction area
    • B66C1/025—Divided cups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/02—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by suction means
    • B66C1/0256—Operating and control devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/44—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces
    • B66C1/445—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces motor actuated
    • B66C1/447—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles and applying frictional forces motor actuated by hydraulic or pneumatic motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/68—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles mounted on, or guided by, jibs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-propelled device with a chassis and a suction lifter attached to at least one adjustable boom for lifting and moving transportable heavy concrete parts, in particular for laying concrete paving stones that are on the market.
  • the components can only be transported and displaced working in the forward direction when viewed in the direction of travel.
  • it is only possible to move a layer width so that once a layer has been set, the vehicle must move a new one individually to the laying point.
  • the driving work to be performed in this way is considerable.
  • the area of application is limited to surfaces whose sizes correspond at least to the radius of movement of the chassis.
  • the use of the device is thus suitable for laying stones on narrow surfaces, such as footpaths and bicycle paths. Like., Not possible.
  • the known device is equipped with a gripper with which the components, for example paving stones, are grasped and held by a clamping action when lifting.
  • the components are thus pressed against each other and thus prevented from slipping down.
  • the stone layer would fall out of the jaw.
  • a bandage such as "herringbone pattern" required by the buyer of a paving, the individual stone half stones were missing, which are closed by inserting whole individual stones after placing a second stone layer with exactly opposite empty spaces of half stone sizes. This ensures the continuation of the original dressing.
  • this gripper cannot work with plate-like laying elements, because they would dodge upwards or downwards due to their flat shape and small edge area if the clamping effect occurs.
  • Claw-like elements are used to generate the clamping force, which are a hindrance when a laying unit is set down. For example, they prevent the parts to be laid against one another. Therefore, these cannot be lowered to the sand level in order to then release the claws, but in order to prevent the claw-like gripping elements from reaching between the parts that have already been laid and the parts to be laid, the latter must come out of the gripper shortly above the ground slip out so that they cover the last part of the way in free fall.
  • the disadvantage here is that the components to be laid do not come to rest exactly flush with one another, which is particularly especially with smaller units, such as paving stones, very disadvantageous.
  • the joint pattern thus shifted must be corrected immediately by a second assistant for each stone position.
  • considerable frictional forces occur between the gripping elements and the components. T. are different in height on the individual sides and thus lead to irregularities when the unit is set down.
  • Concrete paving stones have a high specific weight, which makes it necessary to provide a high vacuum. Moving an entire layer of stones in one work step requires precise alignment and the full abutment of all stones.
  • the individual suction plungers of a suction lifter must be rotatable in all directions, ie not only about a vertical axis, but also about a horizontal one, since often individual stones are canted due to the rough packaging and delivery.
  • the individual stones in a stone layer are not always flush in one plane, so that a height compensation of the individual suction stamps must also be possible.
  • the suction lifter must have twice as many suction stamps as stones to be lifted so that bandages (such as herringbone) can also be laid.
  • suction stamps are each assigned to a stone of rectangular, commercially available format (approx. 11/22 cm), regardless of whether the stone lies lengthways or crossways. For this reason, namely to be able to lay different dressings with one and the same " suction lifter, this grid arrangement of two suction stamps per stone was chosen.
  • the suction stamps must therefore be round and may therefore, given by the commercially available stone formats, only have a certain size. This results in a fixed suction area per suction pad with a diameter of approximately 40 mm. A possibly wavy joint pattern is also taken into account.
  • this suction load area must not be smaller or narrowed, because otherwise the surface for the lifting force is no longer sufficient to lift these heavy components.
  • the fluctuating vacuum (pendulum vacuum) during operation should be as small as possible because of a small pump in order to contribute to a low overall weight of the mobile device. This in turn presupposes that the suction cross sections are to be automatically closed when a suction stamp does not come to rest on the surface of a stone, but rather reaches into the void, so to speak. This is the case when laying herringbone in accordance with regulations. With other associations, such as B. the Blockver ⁇ band, there are no intended empty spaces, so that all vacuum cleaners have to do their job. In addition, it must be ensured that the vacuum position can be kept ready for operation regardless of the position of the accelerator pedal of the drive device, so that a uniform vacuum strength is present at all times.
  • a plunger is used as an extension of a valve body downward over the boundary plane of the suction bell led out, so that when the bell is placed on the object to be lifted, the valve is forced to open and the vacuum can be passed into the suction bell.
  • Disadvantages here are the reduction in the load-bearing suction area due to the tappet cross-section and the possibility of premature opening due to the tilted lifting material. As a result, the suction flow can be released prematurely, so that the vacuum in the suction system can break down. In addition, leaks due to concrete sand sticking to the valve seat must be expected.
  • 3 tons have a specific weight of about 24 t / m.
  • the balloon-shaped contact part takes up too much of the cross-sectional area of the suction bell, so that use for these purposes is completely unsuitable.
  • the setting of concrete sand granules also plays a significant role here, which means that the control element cannot close with sufficient tightness.
  • a plunger for lifting loads is given in the German utility model 69 31 Ge 165, wherein derSaug- cross-section at the beginning of a lifting operation, enter fingerge ⁇ and also held open 'is as long as the bell Saug ⁇ to the set load to be lifted is .
  • a sealing cuff can also ensure a low level compensation due to its flexibility.
  • this has the disadvantage that the seal carries out an erasing movement with considerable wear on rough stone material. This results in a seal loss which leads to failure when lifting loads with a high specific weight.
  • a large pen vacuum must be available for such a construction, since only then can the dynamic flow effect, which leads to the closing of the valve body, be provided.
  • the invention has for its object to design a device of the type mentioned in such a way that when lifting a large number of individual concrete parts, in particular composite paving stones, which lie loosely in the composite, the aforementioned difficulties are overcome and together with the device with the necessary low total weight, it is able to drive over freshly laid concrete paving stones without forming ruts in the composite which has not yet been vibrated. This is intended to increase the possible use and the laying quality.
  • the solution according to the invention is characterized in that the suction lifter is of rectangular design, independently of one another the axially and angularly movable suction plunger and has directional jaws which can be pivoted against the lifting material on all sides, the suction flow of each individual plunger using suitable means when contacting the Lifting material is released.
  • the device according to the invention fulfills every one of the conditions mentioned above for laying concrete paving stones in particular.
  • ten stone layers can be moved or laid without having to move the device. This corresponds to the quantity of a normal pallet delivered by the concrete works with a stone stack.
  • the paving stones or slabs to be laid can be lowered down to the sand bed so that they cannot slide sideways. This is possible in particular when laying a first layer, which requires very precise alignment.
  • the laying elements therefore no longer need to cover the last part of their lowering path in free fall.
  • the laying of any number of concrete paving formats, which are all commercially available, about 11/22 cm in size, are about 85% of the total paving requirement , possible with a single installation device.
  • the device according to the invention also allows laying work both on the front facing in the direction of travel and on the side thereof, without having to move the vehicle.
  • a stack of components to be laid behind the vehicle can be gripped by rotating the carrying frame by 180 °. This makes it possible to lay very narrow strips. It can thus be detected narrow strips extending laterally to the chassis, as can be done, for example, from the roadway for laying pedestrian strips or roadway boundary edges and cycle paths.
  • additional weights can be used to create the counter torque required for the maximum delivery. These additional weights can be removed to make the weight easier as soon as it is necessary to use the device on a new paved surface.
  • 1 is a side view of a laying device, related to the direction of travel
  • FIG. 3 shows the top view of the laying device according to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 7 shows two stone layers made in a herringbone bandage with a conventional gripping device
  • chassis 2 support frame 3 slewing ring 4 sliding counterweight 5 frame
  • suction plunger 25 vacuum control clock 26 straightening jaws 27 axes of rotation of the straightening jaws 28 actuating cylinder for the straightening jaws 26 29 support plate for suction plunger 24 30 paving stones 31 support flange of the suction plunger 24 32 support body of the suction plunger 24 with circular cross-section 32 a upper part of the support body 32 b lower part of the support body 33 air duct of the support body 34 suction cup 35 suction ring of the suction cup 34 made of elastomeric material
  • the suction lifter 13 with its suction plungers 24 with the straightening jaws 26 swung out are placed on the stones.
  • the straightening jaws are pivoted in 26, are oriented at right angles so that the individual blocks of the entire position or parallel ⁇ Die ⁇ ses aligning has two decisive advantages.
  • the laying elements are moved back into their old position by an unavoidable slight displacement during transport from the concrete plant to the construction site brought so that they lie in the grid on the suction pads as planned.
  • Suction bell 34 sliding into the lower part 32 b of the supporting body can compress the sealing ring 36 until the air channels 42 are connected to the air channels 33. Since a vacuum is constantly present within the central bore 45 of the joint ball 43, the suction space 37 enclosed by the suction bell 34 can also be provided with a vacuum at this moment. The original external pressure P 0 is accordingly reduced to the negative pressure P 1. After settling, the vacuum in the support tube 39, in the adjoining central bore 45 of the joint ball and in the air channels 33 of the support body can be released by a ventilation device (not shown). The siphon can then be lifted in the desired vertical direction.
  • the lower part 32b of the support body with the air channels 33 is injection molded from plastic.
  • the execution of the suction cup 34 - likewise made of plastic - at the same time leads to a considerable reduction in the frictional resistance between these parts in the sense of self-lubrication.
  • the slider-like effect of the suction bell 34 within the lower part 32 b prevents the seizing of loose, unavoidable grains of sand and concrete particles, which easily lead to malfunctions in the conventional valve arrangements.
  • a vacuum is created within the suction spaces 37 in the support bodies 32 of the suction plungers 24.
  • the stones are immovably connected to the suction pads. The entire layer of stones can then be raised and swiveled to the installation site.
  • the straightening jaws 26 are pivoted out of the position shown in FIG. 3 into the starting position (FIG. 4).
  • This pivoting out of the straightening jaws 26 brings a further decisive advantage.
  • the operator's view of the stone layer hanging on the suction plungers 24 is completely released.
  • the stone layer can then be carefully aligned and brought into the correct assignment by means of the pivot pin 21 of the gripper, which can be rotated about the vertical axis, placed on the desired surface, directly on the sand bed.
  • the suction plungers 24 can be pushed slightly upwards relative to their support plate 29, the return spring 38, which also serves as a damping spring, being compressed.
  • the individual suction plungers 24 are able to compensate for unevenness when setting down and relieving pressure.
  • Figures 1 and 2 clearly show the lifting of the frame and the extension arms 6 and the pivoting, without moving the chassis. It can be seen in Figure 3 how the individual stone layers can be placed next to one another by pivoting in connection with the lifting and lowering of the frame, the extension arms and by actuating the pivot pin. This is made possible by the suspension of the siphon in the form of a cardan joint in connection with the mobility of the entire siphon around a vertical axis in connection with the raising and lowering of the frame and the extension arms.
  • the cantilever arms in connection with the suction lifter 13 are pivotally attached to the frame 5 about the pivot point 7, a lever plate 8 in connection with a hydraulic cylinder being used for lifting and lowering.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)

Abstract

L'organe de levage aspirant (13) d'un dispositif automoteur, en particulier pour la pose de pavés réunis en un bloc, a une forme rectangulaire et comprend des buses d'aspiration (24) mutuellement indépendantes et pouvant être déplacées axialement et selon un angle, et des mâchoires de guidage (26) pouvant être pivotées de tous les côtés contre le groupe de pavés. La section des tubulures d'aspiration de chaque buse n'est dégagée que lorsque la buse s'appuie sur un pavé. A cet effet, chaque buse (24) comprend une cloche d'aspiration tubulaire (34) pouvant être déplacée dans une rainure (40) d'un support (32). Un joint d'étanchéité annulaire élastique (36) fixé au fond de la rainure (40) ferme, à l'état de repos, des conduits radiaux (33) du support (32), qui sont en communication avec une chambre à vide par l'intermédiaire d'un conduit central (45) de la sphère (43) d'un joint universel et par l'intermédiaire d'une tubulure (39) mobile axialement. Lorsque la buse (24) entre en contact avec le pavé (30), la cloche (34) écrase le joint annulaire (36) dans la rainure (40) jusqu'à ce que des canalisations (42), disposées dans la paroi de la cloche (34) et débouchant dans sa chambre d'aspiration (37), soient mises en communication avec les canalisations (33) sous vide du support (32). Le joint d'étanchéité (36) et une garniture (35) disposée à l'extrémité de la cloche (34) consistent, de préférence, en une mousse à cellules fermées (caoutchouc spongieux, caoutchouc cellulaire). Un châssis (2) pivotable sur 360o et pourvu d'un contrepoids mobile (4) est posé sur un bogie (1) et porte un cadre pivotant (5) pouvant être monté et descendu et dont l'extrémité libre porte une flèche (6) formée de deux bras et pouvant pivoter autour d'un axe horizontal (7). L'organe de levage aspirant (13) est fixé à la flèche au moyen d 'un joint à cardan. Le cadre (5) et les bras de la flèche (6) peuvent être faits en des profilés creux pour créer les chambres à vide. Des cellules photo-électriques fixées sur l'organe de levage (13) et
EP19820903451 1981-11-23 1982-11-23 Dispositif automoteur pour le transport d'elements lourds en beton Expired EP0094405B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3146323 1981-11-23
DE3146323 1981-11-23

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0094405A1 true EP0094405A1 (fr) 1983-11-23
EP0094405B1 EP0094405B1 (fr) 1986-04-30

Family

ID=6146977

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19820903451 Expired EP0094405B1 (fr) 1981-11-23 1982-11-23 Dispositif automoteur pour le transport d'elements lourds en beton

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0094405B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT394066B (fr)
AU (2) AU1012582A (fr)
CH (1) CH662382A5 (fr)
DK (1) DK152547C (fr)
FI (1) FI75623C (fr)
NL (1) NL189973C (fr)
SE (1) SE456171B (fr)
WO (1) WO1983001797A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109440609A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2019-03-08 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 一种轻型智能装配式铺路机及其铺路流程

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DE3339115A1 (de) * 1983-10-28 1985-05-15 Hubert 4250 Bottrop Schnieder Vorrichtung zum verlegen von pflastersteinen
AU595517B2 (en) * 1985-07-05 1990-04-05 C.P. Engineering Pty. Ltd. (Trading As C.P. Engineering) Vertical lift crane having a universal clamp
DE3611377A1 (de) * 1986-04-04 1987-10-08 Schilling Ostermeyer Maschinen Bordstein-verlegegeraet
US5445282A (en) * 1989-02-17 1995-08-29 Erikkila Ky Transport means for transporting pieces three-dimensionally

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109440609A (zh) * 2018-12-12 2019-03-08 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 一种轻型智能装配式铺路机及其铺路流程

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1012582A (en) 1983-06-01
FI832686A0 (fi) 1983-07-25
FI832686A (fi) 1983-07-25
FI75623B (fi) 1988-03-31
DK336883A (da) 1983-07-22
DK152547C (da) 1988-08-01
FI75623C (fi) 1988-07-11
SE456171B (sv) 1988-09-12
EP0094405B1 (fr) 1986-04-30
NL8220445A (nl) 1983-10-03
AU563879B2 (en) 1987-07-23
DK336883D0 (da) 1983-07-22
WO1983001797A1 (fr) 1983-05-26
DK152547B (da) 1988-03-14
SE8304119D0 (sv) 1983-07-22
CH662382A5 (de) 1987-09-30
AT394066B (de) 1992-01-27
NL189973B (nl) 1993-04-16
NL189973C (nl) 1993-09-16
ATA905782A (de) 1991-07-15
SE8304119L (sv) 1983-07-22

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