CN88103091A - 含磷hmg-coa还原酶抑制剂,新中间体及使用方法 - Google Patents
含磷hmg-coa还原酶抑制剂,新中间体及使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN88103091A CN88103091A CN198888103091A CN88103091A CN88103091A CN 88103091 A CN88103091 A CN 88103091A CN 198888103091 A CN198888103091 A CN 198888103091A CN 88103091 A CN88103091 A CN 88103091A CN 88103091 A CN88103091 A CN 88103091A
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- low alkyl
- phenyl
- acid
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229940121710 HMGCoA reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 title description 3
- 239000002471 hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor Substances 0.000 title description 3
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 63
- -1 hydroxyl oxygen Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 56
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 34
- WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxybutyric acid Chemical compound CC(O)CC(O)=O WHBMMWSBFZVSSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyloxidanyl Chemical group [O]C GRVDJDISBSALJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- WQAWEUZTDVWTDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(oxo)phosphanium Chemical compound C[P+](C)=O WQAWEUZTDVWTDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- NPOAOTPXWNWTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C)CC(O)=O NPOAOTPXWNWTSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical compound [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003236 benzoyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000490 cinnamyl group Chemical group C(C=CC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 claims description 4
- SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium Chemical class [Li][Li] SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002521 alkyl halide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005171 halobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 240000000233 Melia azedarach Species 0.000 claims 1
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 abstract description 50
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 24
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 206010020961 Hypocholesterolaemia Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001851 biosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 100
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 73
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 63
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 60
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 50
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 50
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 50
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 50
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 49
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 49
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 44
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 43
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 41
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 39
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 33
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 29
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 26
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 24
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 23
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- KDCIHNCMPUBDKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane;propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(C)=O.CCCCCC KDCIHNCMPUBDKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 18
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 17
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 14
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 13
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 12
- 125000005002 aryl methyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000011097 chromatography purification Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 229910004373 HOAc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006884 silylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- CABVTRNMFUVUDM-VRHQGPGLSA-N (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC(=O)C[C@@](O)(CC(O)=O)C)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N)=C2N=C1 CABVTRNMFUVUDM-VRHQGPGLSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical class C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000019502 Orange oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Natural products O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 210000005229 liver cell Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000010502 orange oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 6
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromo(trimethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Br IYYIVELXUANFED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium iodide Chemical compound [Na+].[I-] FVAUCKIRQBBSSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KJTLQQUUPVSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N DL-mevalonic acid Natural products OCCC(O)(C)CC(O)=O KJTLQQUUPVSXIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicylcohexylcarbodiimide Chemical compound C1CCCCC1N=C=NC1CCCCC1 QOSSAOTZNIDXMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005982 diphenylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 102000004286 Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000895 Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases Proteins 0.000 description 4
- XCOBLONWWXQEBS-KPKJPENVSA-N N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)O\C(C(F)(F)F)=N\[Si](C)(C)C XCOBLONWWXQEBS-KPKJPENVSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JOOMLFKONHCLCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(trimethylsilyl)diethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)[Si](C)(C)C JOOMLFKONHCLCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XJLXINKUBYWONI-DQQFMEOOSA-N [[(2r,3r,4r,5r)-5-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-3-hydroxy-4-phosphonooxyoxolan-2-yl]methoxy-hydroxyphosphoryl] [(2s,3r,4s,5s)-5-(3-carbamoylpyridin-1-ium-1-yl)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]methyl phosphate Chemical compound NC(=O)C1=CC=C[N+]([C@@H]2[C@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]3[C@H]([C@@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](O3)N3C4=NC=NC(N)=C4N=C3)O)O2)O)=C1 XJLXINKUBYWONI-DQQFMEOOSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003570 biosynthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- USJRLGNYCQWLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorophosphane Chemical compound ClP USJRLGNYCQWLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N dithiothreitol Chemical compound SC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CS VHJLVAABSRFDPM-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000003228 microsomal effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-mevalonolactone Natural products CC1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KJTLQQUUPVSXIM-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (R)-mevalonic acid Chemical compound OCC[C@](O)(C)CC(O)=O KJTLQQUUPVSXIM-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ADFXKUOMJKEIND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dicyclohexylurea Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC(=O)NC1CCCCC1 ADFXKUOMJKEIND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QLPZEDHKVHQPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-trifluoro-n-trimethylsilylacetamide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)NC(=O)C(F)(F)F QLPZEDHKVHQPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010082 LiAlH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 102000004316 Oxidoreductases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000854 Oxidoreductases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N R-mevalonolactone, (-)- Chemical compound C[C@@]1(O)CCOC(=O)C1 JYVXNLLUYHCIIH-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 3
- OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate;hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC.CCOC(C)=O OAYLNYINCPYISS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940057061 mevalonolactone Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229930027945 nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M phosphonate Chemical compound [O-]P(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001626 skin fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 235000005152 nicotinamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011570 nicotinamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004249 sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003527 tetrahydropyrans Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940108519 trasylol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/30—Phosphinic acids [R2P(=O)(OH)]; Thiophosphinic acids ; [R2P(=X1)(X2H) (X1, X2 are each independently O, S or Se)]
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- C07F9/40—Esters thereof
- C07F9/4003—Esters thereof the acid moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
- C07F9/4006—Esters of acyclic acids which can have further substituents on alkyl
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Abstract
提供可用来作为胆甾醇生物合成抑制剂,因此可作为血胆甾醇过少药剂的化合物(包括其盐类),该等化合物的结构是
Description
此发明涉及新的含磷化合物,这些化合物可抑制3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰-辅酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶的活性,因此可用来抑制胆甾醇生物合成,涉及含有这样的化合物的血胆甾醇过少药物组合物,涉及制备这样的化合物过程中形成的新中间体以及为上述目的使用这样的化合物的方法。
F.M.Singer等的“Proc.Soc.Exper.Biol.Med.,”102,370(1959)和F.H.Hulcher的“Arch.Biochem.Biophys.”146,422(1971)阐明某些甲羟戊酸酯衍生物抑制胆甾醇的生物合成。
Endo等在美国4,049,495、4,137,322和3,983,140号专利中阐明一种发酵产物具有抑制胆甾醇生物合成的活性。这种产品称为“Compactin”,Brown等(J.Chem.Soc.Perkin I.1165(1976)报告说它具有一个复合的甲羟戊酸内酯结构。
GB 1,586,152阐明具有下述化学式的一组合成化合物
在这里E代表一个直接键,一个C1-3亚烷基桥接或1,2-亚乙烯基桥接,几个不同的R1代表不同的取代基。
英国专利所报告的活性比compactin小1%。
Willard等的美国专利4,375,475号阐明了有下述结构的血胆甾醇过少和低脂血化合物。
在这里A是H或甲基;E是直接键,-CH2-,-CH2-CH2-,-CH2-CH2-CH2-或-CH=CH-;R1,R2和R3各选自H,卤素,C1-4烷基,C1-4卤代烷基,苯基,卤代苯基,C1-4烷氧基,C2-8烷酰氧基,C1-4烷基或C1-4卤代烷基,和OR4,其中R4是H,C2-8烷酰基,苯甲酰基,苯基,卤苯基,苯基C1-3烷基,C1-9烷基,肉桂基,C1-4卤代烷基,烯丙基,环烷基-C1-3烷基,金刚烷基-C1-3烷基或取代苯基C1-3烷基,其中每种中,该取代基是选自卤素,C1-4烷氧基,C1-4烷基或C1-4卤烷基;来自内酯环水解开环的对应二羟基酸,上述酸类中可作药用的盐类,C1-3烷基和苯基,二羟基酸的二甲氨基或乙酰氨基取代的C1-3-烷基酯;所有化合物均为对映体并在上述化学式所示外消旋化合物的四氢吡喃部分中具有一个4R构型。
以Sandoz AG名义备案的WO 84/02131(PCT/EP83/00308)(根据1982年11月22日备案的美国443,668号申请和1983年11月4日备案的美国548,850号申请)揭示了具如下结构的甲羟戊酸内酯的杂环相似物及其衍生物。
其中R和R0之一是
另一个是伯或仲C1-6烷基,C3-6环烷基或苯基-(CH)m-,
其中R4是氢,C1-4烷基,C1-4烷氧基(叔丁氧基除外),三氟甲基,氟基,氯基,苯氧基或苄氧基,
R5是氢,C1-3烷基,C1-3烷氧基,三氟甲基,氟基,氯基,苯氧基或苄氧基,
R5a是氢,C1-2烷基,C1-2烷氧基,氟基或氯基,
m是1,2或3,
条件是当R4是氢时,R5和R5a一定是氢,当R5是氢时,R5a一定是氢,R4和R5至多有一个是三氟甲基,R4和R5至多有一个是苯氧基,R4和R5至多有一个苄氧基,
R2是氢,C1-4烷基,C3-6环烷基,C1-4烷氧基(叔丁氧基除外),三氟甲基,氟基,氯基,苯氧基或苄氧基,
R3是氢,C1-3烷基,C1-3烷氧基,三氟甲基,氟基,氯基,苯基或苄氧基,条件是当R2是氢时,R3一定是氢,R2和R3至多有一个是三氟甲基,R2和R3至多有一个是苯氧基,R2和R3至多有一个是苄氧基。
X是-(CH2)n-或-CH=CH-(n=0,1,2或3),
这里R6是氢或游离酸形式的C1-3烷基,或者是可生理水解和适于生理应用的酯形式或其δ内酯或盐的形式。
GB2162-179-A阐明具下述结构的可用做为胆甾醇生物合成抑制剂的甲羟戊酸内酯的萘基类似物
这里R1=1-3C烷基;
Z是具化学式Z或Z的基团:
R7=H,一个可水解的酯基团或一种阳离子。
欧洲专利164-698-A号阐明了可用作防血胆甾醇血过多药剂的内酯的制备,即用一种有机磺酰卤R5SO2X处理一种酰胺,然后除去保护基Pr。
其中X=卤基
Pr=甲醇保护基团
R1=H或CH3
R3,R4=H,1-3C烷基或苯基-(1-3C烷基),该苯基可任意由1-3C烷基,1-3C烷氧基或卤基取代;
R2=具化学式(A)或(B)的基团:
R6=H或OH
R=H或CH3
a,b,c和d=任选是或不是双键;
R7=苯基或苄氧基,每种情况下,环可任意由1-3C烷基或卤素取代;
R8,R9=1-3C烷基或卤素;
R5=1-3C烷基,苯基或单一或二-(1-3C烷基)苯基。
Anderson,Paul Leroy,“Ger,Offen DE 3,525,256阐明了有下列结构的甲羟戊酸内脂的萘基类似物
其中R1是烷基,Z=Q,Q1;R7=H,或可用作胆甾醇生物合成抑制剂和治疗动脉粥样硬化的可水解酯基。
以Sandos AG名义备案的WO 8402-903(根据1983年1月24日备案的美国460,600号申请)阐明了具下列结构的可作为低脂蛋白血作用剂的甲羟戊酸内酯类似物
其中两个R0基团一起构成如下化学式的基团
其中R2是氢气,C1-4烷基,C1-4烷氧基,(叔丁氧基除外),三氟甲基,氟基,氯基,苯氧基或苄氧基,条件是R2和R3至多有一个是三氟甲基,R2和R3至多有一个是苯氧基,R2和R3至多有一个是苄氧基,
R1是氢,C1-6烷基,氟基,氯基或苄氧基,
R4是氢,C1-4烷基,C1-4烷氧基,(叔丁氧基除外),三氟甲基,氟基,氯基,苯氧基或苄氧基。
R5是氢,C1-3烷基,C1-3烷氧基,三氟甲基,氟基,氯基,苯氧基或苄氧基,
R5a是氢,C1-2烷基,C1-2烷氧基,氟基或氯基,条件是R4和R5至多有一个是三氟甲基,R4和R5至多有一个是苯氧基,R4和R5至多有一个是苄氧基。
其中n是0,1,2或3,两个q是0或一个是0另一个是1,
Z是
其中R6是氢或C1-3烷基,一般条件是-X-Z和承载R4的苯基互为邻位;
呈游离酸形式或可生理水解并适合生理应用的酯形式或其δ内酯或以盐的形式。
欧洲专利申请127,848-A(Merck & Co.Inc,)阐明了具有下列结构式的3-羟-5-硫杂-W-芳基烷酸的衍生物:
其中Z是
n是0,1或2;
E是-CH2-,-CH2-CH2-,-CH2-CH2-CH2-,-CH=CH-CH2-;或-CH2-CH=CH-;
R1,R2和R3例如是氢,氯基,溴基,氟基,C1烷基,苯基,取代的苯基或OR7其中R7例如是氢,
C2-8烷酰基,苯甲酰基,苯基,取代的苯基,C1-9烷基,肉桂基,C1-4卤代烷基,烯丙基,环烷基C1-3烷基金刚烷基C1-3烷基,或苯基C1-3烷基;
R4,R5和R6是氢,氯基,溴基,氟基或C1-3烷基;以及
X例如是氢,C1-3烷基,从碱金属中产生的阳离子或者是铵。
由于它们有抑制3-羟-3-甲基戊二酰-辅酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶的能力,所以那些化合物具有抗高胆甾醇血的活性和抗真菌活性。
1986年4月1日备案的法国专利申请2,596,393 A(Sanofi SA)阐明3-羧基-2-羟基-丙烷-膦酸衍生物并包括其盐类可用作低脂血药剂,并具有下列化学式:
其中R1和R2=H,低级烷基或任选取代的芳烷基;
R3和R4=H,低级烷基或任选取代的芳基或芳烷基;
据报告这些化合物比羟基甲基戊二酸更能大大减少胆甾醇,甘油三酸酯和磷脂含量。
欧洲专利申请142,146-A号(Merck & Co.Inc.)阐明有下述化学式的类似mevinolin的化合物:
其中R1例如是氢或C1-4烷基;
E是-CH2CH2,-CH=CH-,或-(CH2)r-;
Z是
1)
其中X是-O-或-NR9其中R9是氢或C1-3烷基;
R7是C2-8烷基;
R8是氢或CH3;
2)
其中R10,R11和R12分别例如为氢,卤素或C1-4烷基;
3)
按照本发明提供的含磷化合物,这些化合物抑制3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰-辅酶A还原酶(HMG-CoA还原酶),因此可用作血胆甾醇过少药剂,含有下列部分:
其中X是-O-或-NH-,n是1或2,Z是-“疏水固着基团”。
这里所用的“疏水固着基团”一词是指亲脂性基团,当用合适的联结键(“X”)与HMG类的上侧链相联时,它结合于未用来结合该基质HMG CoA的酶的疏水罩中,结果提高了相对于当Z=H的化合物的效能。
在理想的具体实践中,本发明的这些新化合物具有化学式Ⅰ
并包括它们的盐类,其中R是OH,低级烷氧基或低级烷基;
RX是H或低级烷基;
X是-O-或-NH-;
n是1或2;
Z是疏水固着基团;
包括它们的可药用的盐类。
“盐”和“盐类”是指由无机碱和有机碱形成的碱性盐。这样的盐类包括铵盐,碱金属盐类,例如锂、钠和钾盐(这类比较理想),碱土金属盐,如钙和镁盐,有机碱的盐类如胺类的盐,例如二环己基胺盐,苯乍生(benzathine)、N-甲基-D-葡糖胺、hydzabamine盐类,氨基酸如精氨酸、赖氨酸等的盐类。最好是无毒,可药用的盐类,尽管其它盐类也是可用的,例如在离析和提纯产品方面。
本发明所涉及的疏水固着基团的例子包括但并不局限于
其中虚线代表可任选是或不是双键,例如,
其中R1,R2,R2a和R2b可以相同或不同,分别选自H,卤素,低级烷基,囟代烷基,苯基,取代的苯基或ORy其中Ry是H,烷酰基,苯甲酰基,苯基,卤代苯基,苯基-低级烷基,低级烷基,肉桂基,卤代烷基,烯丙基,环烷基-低级烷基,金刚烷基-低级烷基或取代的苯基低级烷基。
这里Z是
R5和R5′可相同或不同,并且是H,低级烷基或OH;
R6a是低级烷基,羟基,氧代或卤素;q是0,1,2或3,
R7是H或低级烷基;
因此,化学式Ⅰ的化合物包括
这里使用的“低级烷基”或“烷基”名词是指单独或做为另一基团的一部分,所述另一基团包括直链烃和在直链中含有1到12个碳,最可取的有1到7个碳的支链烃,如,甲基,乙基,丙基,异丙基,丁基,特丁基,异丁基,戊基,己基,异己基,庚基,4,4-二甲基戊基,辛基,2,2,4-三甲基戊基,壬基,癸基,十一烷基,十二烷基,以及它们各种带支链异构物及其类似化合物,还有包含一个卤取代基的基团,如由F,Br,Cl,或I或CF3取代,一个烷氧基取代基,一个芳基取代基,一个烷基芳基取代基,一个卤代芳基取代基,一个环烷取代基,一个烷基-环烷取代基,羟基,和烷氨基取代基,一个烷酰氨基取代基,一个芳基羰基氨基取代基,一个硝基取代基,一个氰基取代基,一个硫羟基取代基,或一个烷硫基取代基。
这里使用的“环烷基”一词是单独或作为另一基团的一部分,所述另一基团包括饱和含3到12个碳的环羟基团,最可取的是3-8个碳,包括环丙基,环丁基,环戊基,环己基,环庚基,环辛基,环癸基和环十二烷基,任何一种基团都可由1或2个卤素,1或2个低级烷基基团,1或2个低级烷氧基团,1或2个羟基基团,1或2个烷氨基团,1或2个烷酰氨基团,1或2个芳羰氨基团,1或2个氨基基团,1或2个硝基基团,1或2个氰基基团,1或2个硫羟基团,和/或1或2个烷硫基团所取代。
这里使用的“芳基”或“Ar”一词表示在环状部分含有6到10个碳的单环或双环芳基基团,如苯基,萘基,取代的苯基或取代的萘基,其中在苯基或萘基上的取代基,可以是1,2或3个低级烷基基团,卤素(Cl,Br或F),1,2或3个低级烷氧基团,1,2或3个羟基基团,1,2或3个苯基基团,1,2或者3个烷酰氧基基团,1,2或3个苯甲酰氧基基团,1,2或3个卤烷基基团,1,2或3个卤苯基基团,1,2或3个烯丙基基团,1,2或3个环烷基烷基团,1,2或3个金刚烷基烷基基团,1,2或3个烷基氨基团,1,2或3个烷酰氨基团,1,2或3个芳基羰基氨基基团,1,2或3个氨基基团,1,2或3个硝基基团,1,2或3个氰基团,1,2或3个硫羟基团,和/或1,2或3个烷硫羟基团,其中最可取的芳基团是含有3个取代基。
这里使用的“芳烷基”或“芳基-烷基”或“芳基-低级烷基”名词是指单独或作为另一基团的一部分,所述另一基团是指低级烷基基团,如前所述,具有一个象苄基这样的芳基取代基。
这里使用的“低级烷氧基”,“烷氧基”或“芳氧基”或“芳烷氧基”一词是指单独或作为另一基团的一部分,所述另一基团包括上述任何一个与一氧原子相连的低级烷基,烷基,芳烷基或芳基基团。
这里使用的“低级烷硫赶”,“烷硫赶”,“芳硫赶”或“芳烷硫赶”是指单独或作为另一基团的一部分包括上述任何一个与一硫油状相连的低级烷,烷基,芳烷基或芳基基团。
这里使用的“低级烷胺”,“烷胺”,“芳胺”,“芳烷胺”一词是指单独或作为另一基团的一部分包括上述任何一个与一氮原子键合的低级烷,烷基,芳基或芳烷基基团。
这里使用的“烷酰”一词作为另一基团的一部分表示与一羰基基团键合的低级烷。
这里使用的“卤素”或“卤”是指氯;溴,氟,碘和CF3′,最可取的是氯或氟。
化学式Ⅰ中的化合物是可取的,它们有下述结构:
其中R是OH,OLi;RX是Li或H;
X是O或NH;
Z是 其中R1是包括一个烷基或卤取代基的苯基
或者R1是包括一个卤取代基的苄氧基;
R2和R2a相同,是卤素或低级烷基。
其中R1和R2与刚才化学式Ⅱ中的化合物的定义相同,或者Z是
其中R5是H,CH3或OH,R6是
其中R7是H或CH3。
本发明的按化学式Ⅰ的化合物可根据下述反应序列和所作描述来制备。
正如在上述反应序列中所见到的,化学式Ⅰ中的化合物可通过加热碘化物A和亚膦酸盐/亚磷酸盐Ⅲ,使碘化物A进行Arbuzov反应的方法制备
其中Ra是低级烷基或低级烷氧基,采用标准Arbuzov反应条件和方法生成次膦酸盐/膦酸盐Ⅳ。
次膦酸盐/膦酸盐Ⅳ是一种新的化合物,其本身就是本发明的一部分。
然后,次膦酸盐/膦酸盐Ⅳ进行磷酯开裂,方法是在惰性气体,如氩气气氛中,在惰性有机溶剂,如二氯甲烷中将化合物Ⅳ溶液,顺序用双(三甲基甲硅烷基)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)以及三溴化甲基甲硅烷与之反应,以形成该次膦酸VA,这里Ⅳ中的Ra为低级烷基,即
或膦酸VB(其中Ⅳ中的Ra为低级烷氧基),即
化合物VA和VB是新的中间体,就是本发明的一部分。
在得到膦酸VB时,是在干吡啶中用醇
VC RbOH(在此Rb是低级烷基)
和二环己基羰二酰亚胺对VB进行处理使之酯化并将反应生成混合物在惰性气体如氩气环境中进行搅拌以形成膦酸单烷酯Ⅵ
这时将酯Ⅵ或次膦酸ⅤA溶解于惰性有机溶剂如二氯甲烷,苯或四氢呋喃(THF)中,用三甲基甲硅烷基二乙基胺进行处理,并在惰性气体如氩气中进行搅拌;混合物蒸发后溶解于二氯甲烷(或其它合适的惰性有机溶剂)中。生成的溶液冷却至约0℃到25℃的温度范围内,用乙二酰氯进行处理,然后使之蒸发,得到粗制膦酰氯酸酯。将膦酰氯酸酯溶解于惰性有机溶剂如二氯甲烷,苯,吡啶或THF中,这一溶液冷却至约-20℃至0℃的温度范围之内,再用
B Z-(CH2)n-XH
进行处理。采用Ⅵ或VA∶B的克分子比率范围约0.5∶1到3∶1,最好是从1∶1到2∶1,然后用三乙胺和是催化作用的4-二甲基氨基吡啶(DMAP)处理,形成加合物Ⅶ
Ⅶ
其中Rc为低级烷基或低级烷氧基。
将化合物Ⅶ进行甲硅烷基醚开裂,方法是将Ⅶ放在惰性有机溶剂如四氢呋喃中,用冰醋酸和氟化四丁铵进行处理使形成酯Ⅷ
(Rx=烷基)
然后可将酯Ⅷ水解成对应的碱金属盐或酸,也就是说,其中Rx是碱金属或H,其方法是用强碱如氢氧化锂在二噁烷,四氢呋喃或其它惰性有机溶剂中,在惰性气体如氩气气氛中,在25℃进行处理,采用的克分子比率为碱∶酯Ⅷ在约1∶1到1.1∶1范围之内,以形成对应的碱金属盐
其中R是低级烷基或低级烷氧基。
然后可将化合物ⅧA用强酸如HCl进行处理,以形成对应的酸ⅧB
酯Ⅷ中R是低级烷氧基,酯Ⅷ可以转化成为对应的二碱金属盐,方法是用强碱在50-60℃对酯Ⅷ进行处理,采用的碱∶酯Ⅷ克分子比率范围约从2∶1到4∶1,以形成
二碱金属盐ⅧC可转化成其中R是OH的对应的酸,方法是用强酸如HCl加以处理形成ⅧD
碘化物起始物质A可以从溴化物C开始进行制备
(制备时使用如《Tetrahedron lett.26,2951》(1985)所述的程序)
C同咪唑和4-二甲氨基吡啶一起溶解于二甲基甲酰胺溶液(DMF)中,将得到的液体在惰性气体如氩气气氛中用叔丁基二苯基氯甲硅烷进行处理,以形成甲硅烷醚D
甲硅烷醚D在惰性有机溶剂如甲基乙基酮或DMF中,在惰性气体如氩气气氛中,用碘化钠进行处理,形成碘化物A。
起始化合物B
B Z-(CH2)n-XH
可根据Z和X的定义按下面说明制备。
并且X是0,即,有下述结构的化合物
可以用还原剂如氢化铝锂或氢硼化钠处理醛E的方法进行制备:
按化学式B的化合物,并且其中Z是
并且X是N,即,有下列结构的化合物
可以下述方法制备:在含有丙酮的溶液中例如用琼斯试剂处理E,使醛E氧化,形成酸F
将F在二氯甲烷中的悬浮液,用二酰氯处理形成对应的酰基氯,将酰基氯溶解于惰性有机溶剂如四氢呋喃里,用浓氢氧化胺在四氢呋喃中的混合物进行处理,形成有下述结构的酰胺
然后用还原剂如氢化铝锂处理G,使酰胺G还原成对应的酰胺B2。
X是0或-NH-,即有下述结构的化合物
其中X是0,C.H.Heathcock等在J.Org.Chem.50,1190(1985)中做了阐释。化学式H′化合物,X是NH,可用J的还原性胺化作用制备
(按上述C.H.Heathcock等人的描述制备)
在醇溶液,如甲醇中用醋酸铵和氰基氢硼化钠处理J。
化学式B的起始化合物,式中Z是
X是0,即,具有下列结构的化合物
M
以Sandoz名义申请的WO 8402-903-A和GB 2,162,179A的案中阐明。
化学式B的起始化合物,式中Z是
X是NH,即,具有下列结构的化合物
可用醛O的还原性胺化作用制备
用醋酸铵和氰基氢硼化钠在醇溶液如甲醇中处理O。
本发明中的化合物可作为外消旋混合物来制备,然后可解析得到较可取的S-异构体。当然,本发明中的化合物可按这里描述的以及后面的实际例子直接制备成它们的S-异构体的形式。
本发明的化合物为3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A(HMG-CoA)还原酶抑制剂,因此可用于抑制胆甾醇生物合成,如下列试验所示。
1)鼠肝HMG-CoA还原酶
鼠肝HMG-CoA还原酶活性是用改变爱德华兹描述的方法来测量的(Edwards,P.A.,等J.Lipid Res.20∶40,1979)。鼠肝微粒体用来作为酶源,酶的活性是由测量14C-HMG-CoA作用物转化为14C-甲瓦龙酸来确定的。
a.微粒体的制备
从2-4只用消胆胺(Cholertyramine)喂养的,斩头的Sprague Dawley鼠身上除下肝脏,并使肝脏以均匀的微粒分布于磷酸盐缓冲剂A(磷酸钾0.04M,PH7.2;KCl,0.05M;蔗糖,0.1M;EDTA,0.03M;抑胰肽酶,500KI单位/ml)中。将鼠肝匀浆在4℃温度下,16,000×g旋转15分钟,除去上层清液,在同样条件下再次离心。第二次16,000×g上层清液在4℃温度下以100,000×g旋转70分钟。丸状微粒体在最少量缓冲剂A(每个肝3-5ml)中悬浮,在玻璃杯/玻璃均化器中均化。加入二硫苏糖醇(10mM),将制剂等分成几份,放入丙酮/干冰中急冰冻,在-80℃温度存放。第一次微粒体制剂的比活度是0.68nmole甲瓦龙酸/mg蛋白/分。
酶验定法
在按指示的最终浓度用含下列成分的0.25ml中对还原酶进行验定:
0.04M 磷酸钾 PH7.0
0.05M KCl
0.10M 蔗糖
0.03M EDTA
0.01M 二硫苏糖醇
3.5mM NaCl
1% 二甲亚砜
50-200μg 微粒体蛋白
100μM14C-[DL]HMG-CoA(0.05μCi,30-60mCi/mmole)
2.7mM NADPH(烟酰胺腺嘌呤磷酸二核苷酸磷酸酯)
反应混合物在37℃温度下培养。按照所述条件,酶活性线性增加至每反应混合物300μg微粒体蛋白,一次性培养时间直至30分钟。为药物研究选定的标准培养时间是20分钟,结果是12-15%的HMG-CoA作用物转化为甲瓦龙酸产品。[DL]HMG-CoA作用物以100μM使用,是所述条件下使酶饱和浓度的二倍。NADPH使用时超过取得最大酶速所要求的浓度的2.7倍。
抑制剂的标准化验定法按照下列程序进行。微粒体酶在37℃温度下在NADPH存在下培养15分钟。加入有或无试验化合物的DMSO载体,再将混合物在37℃温度下培养15分钟。酶验定是由加入14C-HMG-CoA作用物开始的,在37℃温度下培养二十分钟后,加入25μl的33%KOH使反应停止。加入3H-甲瓦龙酸(0.05μCi),反应混合物可在室温下放30分钟。加入50μl 5NHCl使甲瓦酸内酯化。加入溴酚蓝作为PH指示监测PH中的适当量。酯化可在室温下进行30分钟。反应混合物以2800rpm离心15分钟。上层清液在2克AGl-X8阴离子交换树脂(多孔甲酸盐的形式)上成薄层,倒入0.7cm(同上)玻璃管内,用2.0ml水洗脱。开始的0.5ml不要,剩下的1.5ml收集起来,并进行计算用于在10.0ml在Opti-氟闪烁流体中的氚和碳14。结果按每20分钟生产的微克分子甲瓦龙酸进行计算,并调正至100%氚回收。药物作用以I值表示(药浓度对酶活性产生50%的抑制作用),是从所指示的95%置信区间的复合剂量反应数据推算出的。
药物以内酯型向其钠盐转化是将内酯在DMSO中增溶溶解,加10倍摩尔以上的NaOH,让混合物在室温下放15分钟来完成的。然后使用IN HCl,混合物就会部分中和(PH7.5~8.0),将混合物稀释入酶反应混合物中。
2)新离析出来的鼠肝细胞中的胆甾醇合成
显示了作为HMG-CoA还原酶抑制剂效用的化合物,由于能够用Capuzzi等(capuzzi,D.M.and Margolis,S.,Lipids,6∶60Z,1971)描述的方法抑制14C-醋酸盐渗入在新离析的鼠肝细胞悬浮液中的胆甾醇中的能力而受到重视。
a.鼠肝细胞的离析
将Sprague Dawley鼠(180-220克)用戊巴比妥钠(50mg/kg)麻醉。腹部打开,将门静脉第一支脉系紧。将肝素(100-200单位)直接注射入腹腔静脉。将缝线放在门静脉的远中部分,在缝线与第一支脉间的门静脉插套管。在切断腔静脉使废液能够排出后,以20ml/分的速度向肝部灌注预热的(37℃)、充氧的缓冲剂A(HBSS,无钙或镁,含0.5%mMEDTA)。再将肝内灌注200ml预热缓冲剂B(HBSS含0.05%细菌胶原酶)。注入催化剂B之后,将肝切离,并在60ml Waymouth培养基中将被膜剥脱使细胞可自由分散在培养基里。肝细胞在室温下以50xg低速离心3分钟进行离析。丸状肝细胞在Waymouth培养基中洗一次,计算并用锥虫蓝排斥剂验定存活力。这些肝细胞富集的细胞悬浮液一般显示70-90%存活力。
b.14C-醋酸盐参入胆甾醇
肝细胞在培养基(IM)[0.02M Tris-HCl(PH7.4),0.1M KCl,3.3mM柠檬酸钠,6.7mM菸酰胺,0.23mM NADP,1.7mM 6-磷酸葡萄]中以5×10细胞/2.0ml状态再悬浮。
实验化合物照常规溶于DMSO或DMSO∶水(1∶3)中并加到IM中。在IM中最终DMSO浓度是≤1.0%,对胆甾醇合成无大影响。
培养由加入14C-醋酸盐(58mCi/mmol,2μCi/ml)开始,把细胞悬浮物(20ml)放入35mm组织培养皿里,温度37℃,2.0小时。培养后,将细胞悬浮液移至玻璃离心管内,在室温下以50xg旋转3分钟。细胞粒再悬浮,然后溶解于1.0ml水中,放入冰浴中。
基本按Bligh,E.G.和W.J.Dyer(“Can.J.Biochem,and Physiol.,37∶911,1959”)描述的方法提取类脂类化合物。除去低级有机相,在氮气流中干燥,余渣在(100μl)氯仿∶甲醇(2∶1)中再悬浮。整个试样放在硅胶(LK6D)薄层板上,并在己烷∶乙醚∶醋酸(75∶25∶1)中展开。薄导板用BioScan自动扫描系统扫描和计数。胆甾醇峰值(RF0.28)中的放射标记按每一峰值的总计数确定和表示,也作为在整个脂类提取物中标记的百分数。常规情况下在对照培养基中的胆甾醇峰值有800-1000cpm,为整个酯类提取物标记的9-20%,与Capuzzi等一致的结果表明在胆甾醇中有9%提取的标记。
药物效用(胆甾醇合成抑制%)由比较对照和药物处理的培养基中在胆甾醇中标记的%来确定。剂量反应曲线是由二个以上研究中产生的复合数据构成的,结果是以置信区间95%的I50值来表示的。
3.人皮肤成纤维细胞中的胆甾醇合成
在肝组织中具更有效的抑制作用的化合物选择性是胆甾醇合成抑制剂的一个特征。因此,除了评价肝细胞中的胆甾醇合成抑制剂外,这些化合物也经试验表明了在培养的成纤维细胞中作为胆甾醇合成抑制剂的活性。
a.人皮肤成纤维细胞培养
人皮肤成纤维细胞(7-27节)在Eagle′s的含有10%牛胎血清的最低限基本培养基(EM)中培养。每次试验,都将原培养物受胰蛋白酶处理去分散细胞单分子层,进行计数,并放在35mm组织培养容器(5×105细胞/2.0ml)里。在50%CO2/95%湿度室内空气中,温度37℃,培养18小时。经过除去含培养基血清,冲洗细胞单分子层,加入1.0ml含1.0%脂肪酸游离牛(bovine)血清白朊,将培养物再培养24小时得出胆甾醇生物合成酶。
b.14C醋酸盐参入胆甾醇
培养出的成纤维培养物用EMDM100(Eagle′s最低限基本培养基)洗。
试验化合物溶解于DMSO或DMSO∶EM(1∶3)中(最终在细胞培养物中DMSO浓度为≤1.0%),放入培养物,培养物在37℃,5%CO2/95%湿度室内空气下,预培养30分钟。在预培养后同药物一起加进[1-14C]醋酸钠(2.0μCi/ml,58mCi/mmole),将培养物再培养4小时。培养后,去掉培养基,将细胞单分子层(每个培养物200μg细胞蛋白)刮入1.0ml水中。在溶解的细胞悬浮物中的类酯类,按照所述的处理肝细胞悬浮物的方法萃取入氯仿∶甲醇中,在氮气下干燥有机相,并允许残留物再悬浮在氯仿∶甲醇(2∶1)(100μl)中,全部试样点在硅胶(LK6D)薄层板上,用所述的分析肝细胞的方法进行分析。
对胆甾醇合成的抑制作用用比较对照的和药物处理培养物而得到的在胆甾醇峰值中标记的百分数来确定。结果用I50值表示,是从二次或二次以上试验的复合剂量反应曲线推算出的。
本发明的另外一个方面是至少含有化学式Ⅰ中一种化合物的与一种药物载体或稀释剂相联合的药物组合物。这种药物组合物的配方是使用传统的固体或液体载体或稀释剂以及某种合适于施用需要的形式的类型的药物填加剂。这种化合物可口服,如制成片剂,胶囊,丸剂或粉剂,也可不经肠道使用,如制成针剂,这样的药剂每剂含有1至2000mg活性化合物,在治疗中使用。服用剂量要根据单元剂量、病人的症状、年令和体重而定。
化学式Ⅰ中的化合物可象建议的已知化合物相类似的方法来施用以用来抑制哺乳类动物,如人、狗、猫等的胆甾醇生物合成,如lovastatin一样使用。因此,本发明中的化合物用量可每剂约4至200mg,或每日单剂1至4次,最好是1至100mg分装剂量合计为4到200mg,比较合适的是每日2至4次.每次0.5克至50mg或持久发放。
下面的实际例中代表了本发明的最可取的内容。如不另做说明,所有温度都按摄氏度表示。急骤色谱法在Merck 60或Whatmann LPS-I硅胶上进行。逆相色谱法在三菱(Mitsubishi)公司提供的CHP-20MCI胶树脂上进行。
例1
(S)-4-[[[4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基[1,1′,-二苯基]-2-基]甲氧基]甲氧基氧膦基]-3-羟基-丁酸,单锂盐
A.N-(2,4-二甲亚苯基)苯胺
参照Merck美国专利4,375,475号,39页
新蒸馏的2,4-二甲基苯甲醛(Aldrich 6.97ml,50mmole)和在无水甲苯(80.0ml)中的蒸馏过的苯胺(Aldrich,4.56ml 50mmole)溶液在装有迪安一斯达克装置的烧瓶内在氩气中回流3.0小时。该混合物冷却后,再在真空中蒸发成黄色油。这种粗油用Kugelrohr蒸馏法(0.5mmHg,160-180℃)纯化,产生8.172g(78.1%)理想的标题苯亚胺为浅黄色油,静止时结晶成为低熔点固体。薄层色谱法(TLC)(4∶1)己烷-丙酮,RF=0.67和0.77(几何异构体),紫外光(U.V.)和I2。
参照Merck美国专利4,375,475,第39页
在冰醋酸(144ml)中的上述A部分的苯亚胺(6.0g,28.7mmol)的混合物用钯(Ⅱ)醋酸盐(6.44g,28.7mmole)处理,将清沏红色均匀溶液在氩气中回流一小时。得到的混浊混合物趁热用1/2″塞里塑料填充床过滤进900ml H2O中。经过滤收集橙色沉淀固体,在65℃用P2O5在真空里干燥16.0小时产生理想的标题钯络合物为橙色固体m.p.=194°-196℃。(文献中再结晶分析样本的m.p.=203°-205℃)。
C.4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-羧基甲醛
(1)溴基〔4-氟基-3-甲苯基〕-镁
参照Merck美国专利4,375,475号37和38页
标题C部分(1)Grignard试剂的制备方法是一滴滴加入5-溴基-2-氟代甲苯(22.5g,60.9mmole,Fairfield Chemical Co.),其速度足以保持向在无水乙醚中搅拌中的镁屑(1.35g,55.4mmole,8.0eq.)回流时的反应。这个反应在一超声装置中引发,在加入溴化物完成之后,在氩气中,室温下将混合物搅拌一小时,回流15分钟,然后冷却至室温。
(2)4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-羧基甲醛
在第二个烧瓶中在干苯(100ml)中的B部分二钯络合物(3.0g,6.92mmole)和三苯基膦(14.52g,55.4mmol,8.0eq.)在氩气中室温下搅拌30分钟。用插管将新制备和过滤(玻璃棉塞)的C(1)部分Grignard试剂加入本溶液一部分,然后将混合物在室温下搅拌1.5小时。加入6.0N HCl(35ml),在室温下再将混合物搅拌1小时,然后再在1/2″塞里塑料填充床内过滤。滤液用乙醚(250ml)萃取,并用盐水(2×100ml)洗涤萃取液,然后在无水MgSO4上干燥,在真空中蒸发产生13.35g粘橙色油,粘橙色油置放后结晶。然后用硅胶(708g)急骤色谱法先以己烷接着再用(95∶5)己烷-乙醚洗脱,将粗橙色固体提纯。将产品液分蒸发产生1.507克(89.9%)理想的标题的醛,浅黄色固体,m.p.=72°-75℃。文献报告m.p.=73°-74℃。TLC∶(95∶5)己烷-乙醚,Rf=0.40,U.V.和聚丙烯酸甲酯(PMA)。
D.4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-甲醇
用LiAlH(259mg,6.82mmole,0.55eq.)对干冷却的(0℃,冰浴)干乙醚溶液进行处理,在干乙醚(15ml)中的C部分的醛(3.0g,12.4mmole)溶液一滴滴地对灰色悬浮物处理15分钟。混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌30分钟,然后冷却至0℃并用连续一滴滴加入260μl H2O,260μl 15%NaOH和780μl H2O骤冷。用EtOAc稀释悬浮液,用1/4″塞里塑料填充床通过无水Na2SO4过滤,无色滤液在真空中蒸发产生2.99g(98.8%)白色固体。用冷己烷研制粗固体并在真空中干燥产生理想的标题醇,为白色固体,m.p.102°-103℃。TLC∶(9∶1)己烷-乙酸乙酯(Hex-EtOAc),Rf=0.2U.V.和PMA。
E.(S)-3-〔〔(1,1-二甲基乙基)二苯基-甲硅烷基〕氧基〕-4-(羟基甲氧基氧膦基)-丁酸,甲酯
(1)(S)-4-溴基-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
(1)(a)〔R-(R*,R*)〕-2,3,4-三羟基-丁酸,钙盐,水合物
参照:“碳水化合物研究72”301-304页(1979)
将碳酸钙加入在H2O(625ml)内的D-异抗坏血酸(44.0g,250mmole)溶液中,将悬浮物冷却至0℃(冰浴),用30%H2O2(100ml)一部分一部分地处理。在30°-40℃温度(油浴)中搅拌该混合物30分钟中。加入活性碳(10g),并将黑色悬浮液在蒸汽浴器上加热直到O2停止放出。悬浮液通过塞里塑料过滤,在真空中(浴温40℃)蒸发。残留物溶入H2O(50ml)中,在蒸气浴器上加热并加入CH3OH直到溶液变浊。粘性沉淀固体通过过滤收集起来,然后风干,产生30.836g(75.2%)所需的钙盐,为粉状白色固体。
TLC(7∶2∶1)iPrOH-NH4OH-H2O,Rf=0.19,PMA
(1)(b)〔S-(R*,S*〕〕-2,4-二溴-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
参照:Bock,K.等,Acta Scandinavica(B)37,341-344页(1983)
部分(1)(a)中的钙盐(30g)在30-32%HBr中溶解于醋酸内(210ml),并在室温下搅拌24小时。将甲醇(990ml)加入褐色溶液中并搅拌一夜。混合物蒸发后成橙色油,溶入CH3OH(75ml)内,回流2.0小时再蒸发。残留物在EtOAc(100ml)和水中分配,有机相用H2O(2X)和盐水洗,然后在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生22.83g(90.5%)粗二溴化物,为浅橙色油。TLC(1∶1)EtOAc-Hex,Rf=0.69,U.V.和PMA。
(1)(C)(S)-4-溴基-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
参照:与(1)(b)同样的制备法
用5%Pd/C(1.30g)处理在EtOAc(370ml)以及冰HOAc(37ml)中的无水NaOAc(21.0g)和二溴化物(20.80g,75.4mmol)的用氩清洗过的溶液,将黑色悬浮液在H2(1atm.)中搅拌同时监察H2摄取(uptake),两小时后H2摄取完成,通过塞里塑料将混合物过滤,滤液用饱和NaHCO3和盐水洗,然后在无水MgSO4上干燥,蒸发后产生二溴酯,为褐色油。粗油与另一批料(从36.77g二溴化物开始)合并并进行真空蒸馏产生25.77g(61.3%)所需的标题溴酯,为透明的油b.p.=79°-80℃(1.0mmHg).TLC(1∶1)EtOAc-Hex,Rf=0.44,PMA。
C5H9O3Br分析计算:C,30.48;H,4.60;Br,40.56
实测:C,29.76;H,4.50;Br,39.86
(2)(S)-4-溴基-3〔〔(1,1-二甲基乙基)-二苯基甲硅烷基〕氧基〕丁酸,甲酯
用氯化叔-丁基二苯基甲硅烷(5.84ml,1.1eq.)处理在无水二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中E(1)部分的溴醇(4.0g,20.4mmol),咪唑(6.94g,5.0eq.),和4-二甲氨基吡啶(4-DMAP)溶液,将此均匀混合物在氩气中室温下搅拌一夜。将混合物在5%KHSO4和EtOAc中分配,用H2O和盐水洗有机相,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生3.32g(100%)粗甲硅烷基醚,为清沏粘油。TLC(3∶1)Hex-EtOAc,Rf甲硅烷基醚=0.75,U.V.和PMA。
(3)(S)-4-碘代-3-〔〔(1,1-二甲基乙基)-二苯基甲硅烷基〕氧基〕丁酸,甲脂
在甲基乙基酮(60ml,用4 筛干燥)中的E(2)部分的粗溴化物(9.32g,201mmole)溶液用碘化钠(15.06g,100.5mmole,5.0eq.)进行处理,黄色悬浮液在氩气中回流5.0小时。混合物冷却,用EtOAc稀释,过滤,滤液用稀NaHSO3和盐水洗涤(直到无色),然后在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生10.17g黄油。粗油在硅胶(600g)上用急骤色谱法提纯,用(3∶1)己烷-CH2Cl2洗脱。合并产品液份,蒸发后产生7.691g(74.2%,两步总量)所需的标题碘化物,为清沏,无色的粘油。TLC(3∶1)Hex-EtOAc,产品。Rf=0.75,U.V.和PMA。(注:产品碘化物与原料的溴化物共点)
(4)(S)-4-(二乙氧基氧膦基)-3-〔〔(1,1-二甲基乙基)二苯基甲硅烷基]氧基]丁酸,甲酯
亚磷酸三乙酯(20ml)中的碘(7.691g)溶液在155℃温度下(油浴)在氩气中加热3.5小时。将混合物冷却,将多余亚磷酸在真空中(0.5mmHg,75℃)蒸馏掉,余下黄油(约8.0g)。粗油在硅胶(400g)上用急骤色层法提纯,用(4∶1)己烷丙酮洗脱。将产品液份蒸发产生3.222g(41.1%)所需的标题磷酸酯,为清沏、无色的、粘油。TLC(1∶1)己烷-丙酮,Rf=0.51,U.V.和PMA。另外回收2.519g(61.1%正确量)起始部分(3)的碘化物。
(5)(S)-3-〔〔(1,1-二甲基乙基)二苯基甲硅烷基〕氧基〕-4-膦酰基丁酸,甲酯。
在干CH2Cl2(60ml)中的(4)部分的磷酸酯(9.85g,200mmole)溶液按顺序用双三甲基甲硅烷基三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)(5.31ml,32.0mmole,1.6eq.)和三甲基甲硅烷基溴化物(TMSBr)(6.60ml,50.0mmole,2.5eq.)进行处理,将清沏的混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。加入5%KHSO4(80ml),用EtOAc萃取混合物。水相用NaCl饱和,再用EtOAc萃取。用盐水洗涤合并的有机层,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,在真空中蒸发后产生粗的标题磷酸,为粘油。TLC(7∶2∶1)iPrOH-NH4OH-H2O,Rf=0.30,U.V.和PMA。
(6)(S)-〔〔(1,1-二甲基乙基)二苯基-甲硅烷基〕氧基〕-4-(羟基甲氧基氧膦基)-丁酸,甲酯
在干吡啶(25ml)中的第(5)部分粗磷酸(约20.0mmol)用干CH3OH(超过3 筛,1.62ml,40.0mmole,2.0eq.)和二环己基碳化二亚胺(DCC)(4.54gm,22.0mmole,1.10eq.)进行处理,产生的白色悬浮液在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。在真空中除去吡啶,然后用苯(2×15ml)共沸。余油溶解于EtOAc,过滤,用1.0N HCl和盐水洗,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,在真空中蒸发产生8.272克粗的标题酯,为含少量沉淀二环己基脲(DCU)的油。TLC(7∶2∶1)iPrOH-NH4-OH H2O,Rf=0.60U.V.和PMA。
F.(S)-4-〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基-〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基基〕甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-叔-丁二苯基甲硅烷基氧基丁酸,甲酯
E部分的粗磷酸单甲酯(6.595gm,~14.7mmole)溶解于CH2Cl2(30ml),用蒸馏的三甲基甲硅烷二乙胺(5.60ml,29.4mmole,2.0eq.)进行处理,在室温下氩气中搅拌一小时。混合物在真空中蒸发,然后再用苯(1×30ml)驱除,再在真空中干燥。浅黄色粘油溶解于无水CH2Cl2(30ml)和无水DMF(用4A筛干燥,2滴)将清沏的溶液冷却至-10℃(盐/冰浴),用蒸馏过的乙二酰氯(1.4ml,16.2mmole,1.1eq.)用注射器一滴滴的进行处理。强烈的气体逸出很明显,溶液变成较深的黄色。将混合物在-10℃温度下的氩气中搅拌15分钟,然后在室温下搅拌一小时。混合物在真空中蒸发,然后再用苯(1×30ml)驱除再在真空中干燥产生粗膦酰基氯化物,为黄色油。
向在干CH2Cl2(10ml)中的粗膦酰基氯化物(~14.7mmole)一滴滴加入D部分的在无水吡啶中的二苯乙醇(2.06g,8.43mmole),产生的混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌16小时。将混合物蒸发至干燥为止,剩余部分在5%KHSO4和EtOAc中分配。用饱和NaHCO3和盐水洗有机相,然后在无水Na2SO4上干燥,在真空中蒸发后产生8.290g褐色油。粗产品在硅胶(370g)上用急骤色谱法提纯,以(70∶30)己烷一丙酮洗脱。合并产品液份,蒸发后产生3.681g(66%)所需的标题磷酸酯,为淡黄色油。TLC(3∶2)己烷-丙酮,Rf=0.59,U.V.和PMA。
G.(S)-4-〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基-〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基〕甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
在无水THF(20.0ml)中的F部分甲硅烷醚(1.103g,1.66mmole)混合物用冰醋酸(380μl,6.64mmole,4.0eq.)和1.0M氟化四丁基铵溶液(4.98ml,4.98mmole,3.0eq.)进行处理,将净黄色溶液在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。将混合物在冷H2O和EtOAc中分配,用饱和NaHCO3和盐水清洗有机相,在无水Na2SO4中干燥,蒸发后产生粘黄油(1.174g)。在硅胶(47g)上用急骤色谱法提纯,以(85∶15)CH2Cl2-丙酮洗脱。产品液份蒸发后产生679mg(93.1%)所需的标题的醇,为净粘油。TLC(1∶1)己烷-丙酮,Rf=0.41,U.V.和PMA。
H.(S)-4-〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基-〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基〕甲氧基〕甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-羟基-丁酸,单锂盐
在二氧杂环己烷(5.0ml)中G部分甲酯(184mg,0.420mmole)溶液用1.0N LiOH(0.5ml,1.2eq.)进行处理,该混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌3小时。用H2O稀释混合物,通过0.4μm聚碳酸酯膜过滤,在真空中蒸发。残余物溶解于H2O(75ml)中,冷冻并冷冻干燥。粗酸溶解于最少量H2O中,在100ml CHP-20树脂床上色谱法用H2O/CH3CN线性梯度系统洗脱。产品液分蒸发,溶解于H2O(50ml)中,通过0.4μm聚碳酸酯膜进行过滤,冷冻干燥后产生174mg(89.1%以水合物重量为准)所需要的标题的单锂盐,为白色固体。TLC(7∶2∶1)iPrOH-NH OH-H O,Rf=0.58,U.V.和PMA。
C21H25O6PFLi+1.95moles H2O(分子量465.46)的
分析计算:C,54.19;H,6.26;F,4.08;P.6.65
实测:C,54.19;H,6.21;F,4.29;P.6.43
H1NMR(400MHz)
δ1.74-2.08ppm(2H,m,-PO(OCH3)CH2-)
2.30(3H,S,芳基甲基)
2.32(3H,d,芳基甲基α至氟,JHF=2.2Hz)
2.35-2.62(2H,m,-CH2CO2Li)
2.46(3H,S,芳基甲基)
3.57&
3.63(3H,2双重谱线,OP(OCH3)-,2非对映体,
JH-P=10.3Hz)
4.28(1H,m,-CH2CH(OH)CH2CO2Li)
6.87-7.25(5H,m,芳基H′S)
例2
(S)-4-〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-含氧基〕甲氧基〕羟基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,二锂盐
在二氧杂环己烷(8.0ml)中例1的双酯(374mg,0.853mmole)溶液用1.0N LiOH(2.6ml,3.0eq.)处理并在50℃(油浴)温度下氩气中加热5.0小时。可清楚见到白色沉淀物。用H2O稀释该混合物,并且过滤。用Et2O将水溶液萃取一次,用0.4μm聚碳酸酯膜过滤,在真空中浓缩。粗产品在CHP-20树脂(100ml床)急骤色谱法分离,用H2O/CH3CN线性梯度系统洗脱。产品的液份在真空中蒸发,用H2O(50ml)摄取,用0.4μm聚碳酸酯膜过滤,冷冻干燥后产生260mg(67.1%,以水合物重量为准)所需的标题二锂盐,为白色固体。TLC(7∶2∶1)PrOH-NH4OH-H2O,Rf=0.47,U.V.和PMA。
C20H22O6PFLi2+1.77moles H2O分析计算:
C,52.88;H,5.67;F,4.18;P,6.82
实测:C,52.88;H,5.26;F,4.24;P,6.43
H1NMR(400MHz,CD3OD):
2.26-2.42(2H,m,CH2CO2Li)
2.30(3H,S,芳基甲基)
2.31(3H,d,芳基甲基,α至F,JHF=1.9Hz)
2.38(3H,S,芳基甲基)
4.22(1H,m,-CH(OH)CH2-)
6.86-7.23(5H,m,芳基质子)
例3
(3S)-4-〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基〕甲氧基〕甲基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,单锂盐
A.(S)-4-〔(氯〕甲基氧膦基〕-3-〔〔(1,1-二甲基乙基〕二苯基甲硅烷基〕氧基〕-丁酸,甲酯
标题膦基氯化合物的制备与例6B部分的头三段描述的相同。
B.(3S)-4-〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基-〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基〕甲氧基〕甲基氧膦基〕-3-叔-丁二苯基甲硅烷氧基-丁酸,甲酯
A部分的膦基氯化物(~2.2mmole)和例1C(2)部分的二苯基乙醇(429mg,2.2mmole,1.0eq.)在无水二氯甲烷(10ml)中的冷却(0℃,冰浴)溶液用Et3N(425μl,3.04mmole,1.4eq.)和4-DMAP(27mg,0.22mmole)处理,将橙色溶液在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。使混合物在5%KHSO4和和EtOAc之间分配,用盐水清洗有机层,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生1.1g橙色油。粗油在LPS-1硅胶(44g)上用急骤色谱法提纯,用(1∶1)EtOAc∶己烷洗提。合并产品液分,蒸发后产生298mg(21%)所需的偶合的标题产品,为淡黄色油,还回收460mg(67%正确产品)起始的例1C(2)部分二苯乙醇。TLC(1∶1)EtOAc∶Hex,Rf=0.18 U.V.和PMA。
C.(3S)-4-〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基-〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基〕甲氧基〕甲基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
在干THF(6.0ml)中B部分的甲硅烷醚(298mg,0.46mmole)溶液用冰HOAc(110μl,184mmole,4.0eq.)和1.0M四丁铵氟化物(1.43ml,3.1eq.)的THF溶液进行处理,得到的溶液在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。混合物在冷H2O和EtOAc中分配,用饱和NaHCO3和盐水清清有机相,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生黄色油(273mg)。粗油在LPS-1硅胶(11g)上用急骤色谱法提纯,用(3∶2)己烷-丙酮洗脱。合并产品的液份,蒸发后产生150mg(80%)所需的标题醇,为粘油。TLC(1∶1)己烷∶丙酮,Rf=0.23,U.V.和PMA。
D.(3S)-4-〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基-〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基〕甲氧基〕甲基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,单锂盐
在二氧杂环己烷(3.0ml)中的C部分的甲酯(150mg,0.367mmole)溶液用1.0N LiOH(0.44ml,1.2eq.)进行处理,得到的白色悬浮液在室温下氩气中搅拌2小时。用水稀释混合物,用0.4μm聚碳酸酯膜过滤,在真空中蒸发成无色玻片状。
以最小量水将粗产品提取,在HP-20(100ml床)上进行色谱法提纯,用H2O/CH3CN线性梯度系统洗脱。产品液分蒸发,在水(50ml)中提取,在0.4μm聚碳酸酯膜上过滤,冷冻干燥,产生130mg(79%以水含物重量计)所需的标题锂盐,为白色固体。TLC(8∶1∶1)CH Cl-CH OH-HOAc,Rf=0.52,U.V.和PMA。
C21H25O5FLiP+1.73moles H2O(MW445.49)
分析计算:C,56.61;H,6.44;F,4.26;P,6.95
实测:C,56.67;H,6.36;F,4.31;P,7.43
H1NMR(400MHz):
2.27-2.40(2H,m,CH2CO2Li)
2.30(6H,s,2芳基甲基′s)
2.44(3H,s,芳基甲基)
4.26(1H,m,-CH2CH(OH)CH2CO2Li)
6.90-7.20(5H,m,芳基H′S)
例4
(S)-4-〔〔〔2,4-二氯基-6-〔〔(4-氟化苯基)甲氧基〕-苯基〕甲氧基〕甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,单锂盐
A.2,4-二氯基-6-(4-氟苯基甲氧基)-苯(甲)醛
(参照:J.Med Chem.,1986,29,167)
搅拌100ml DMF中13.77g(72.5mmol)4,6-二氯-2-羟基苯甲醛溶液,加入12.02g(87mmol)K2CO3。将这一混合物加热至~70℃60分钟,然后加入11.7ml 4-氟苄基溴。产生的溶液在70℃温度下搅拌3.5小时,然后倒入冰HO(1.5升)中,过滤,用水清洗,由Et2O/石油醚再结晶。
产品:17.88g(83%)灰白色晶体,m.p.107-108℃。
B.2,4-二氯-6-〔(4-氟苯基)-甲氧基〕苯甲醇
用LiAlH4(158mg,4.16mmole,0.6eq.)处理冷(0℃,冰浴)干Et2O(10.0ml),用A部分在10ml干THF中的甲醛(2.06g,6.93mmole)溶液一滴滴处理灰色悬浮液。将混合物加热至室温,在氩气里搅拌1小时。将混合物冷却回0℃(冰浴),然后一滴滴加入水(160μl),15%NaOH(160μl)和水(4.25ml)使之变冷。在无水Na2SO4填充塞里塑料(1/4″床)上过滤除去沉淀的盐。净滤液蒸发产生2.052g(98.9%)粗醇,为白色晶体。用冷己烷研制一次产生1.892g(91.2%)纯的标题醇,为白色结晶固体,m.p.=72-73℃。TLC(4∶1)己烷-丙酮,Rf=0.31,U.V.和PMA。
分析计算C14H11O2Cl2F(MW301.142):
C,55.84;H,3.68;Cl,23.55;F,6.31
实测:C,55.97;H,3.71;Cl,23.43;F,6.30
C.(S)-4-〔〔〔2,4-二氯-6-〔(4-氟基-苯基)甲氧基〕苯基〕甲氧基)甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-叔-丁基二苯甲硅烷氧基-丁酸,甲酯
在干CH2Cl2(10ml)中例1E(6)部分的甲酯(约3.84mmole)用蒸馏过的三甲基甲硅烷基二乙胺(1.46ml,7.68mmole,2.0eq.)进行处理,产生的溶液在室温下氩气中搅拌1.0小时。混合物在真空中蒸发,然后用苯(1×20ml)驱除,在真空中干燥后产生粗甲硅烷化的磷酸单甲酯,为无色油。
在干CH2Cl2(10ml)和干DMF(1滴)中的粗脂(约3.84mmole)溶液冷却至-10℃(盐,冰浴),用蒸馏过的乙二酰氯(368μl,4.22mmole,1.1eq.)进行处理。净黄色混合物的气体逸出是明显的。混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌1小时,在真空中蒸发,然后用苯(2×20ml)驱除产生粗膦基氯,为黄色粘油。
干CH2Cl2(10ml)中粗膦基氯(约3.84mmole)在0℃(冰浴)用B部分的醇(1.15g,3.84mmole,1.0eq.)接着用Et3N(805μl,5.76mmole,1.5eq.)和4-DMAP(47mg,0.384mmole,0.1eq.)进行处理,褐色混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。混合物在5%KHSO4和EtOAc中进行分配,用盐水清洗有机相,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生3.197g深褐色油。粗产品在硅胶(160g)上用急骤色谱法提纯,用(7∶3)Hex-EtOAc洗脱。合并产品液分,蒸发后产生594mg(21.1%)所需的标题磷酸盐,为黄色油。另外回收688mg(52.4%正确产量)初始B部分的醇。TLC(1∶1)己烷-丙酮,Rf=0.29,U.V.和PMA。
D.(S)-4-〔〔〔2,4-二氯-6-〔(4-氟基苯基)甲氧基〕苯基〕甲氧基〕甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
在干THF(8ml)中C部分的甲硅烷酯(578mg,0.788mmole)溶液用冰HOAc(180μl,3.2mmole,4.0eq.)接着用在THF(2.36ml,2.36mmole,3.0eq.)中1.0m正Bu4NF溶液加以处理,产生的淡黄色溶液在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。将混合物倒入冷水中并用EtOAc(2X)萃取。用饱和NaHCO3和盐水清洗有机相,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生625mg黄色油。粗产品在硅胶(31g)上用急骤色层法提纯,用(7∶3)己烷-丙酮洗脱。合并产品各液份,蒸发后产生339mg(86.9%)所需的标题醇,为清沏、无色的粘油。
TLC(1∶1)己烷-丙酮,Rf=0.25,U.V.和PMA
E.(S)-4-〔〔〔2,4-二氯-6-〔(4-氟基-苯基)甲氧基〕苯基〕甲氧基〕甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,单锂盐
在二氧杂环己烷(2.5ml)中D部分的磷酸盐(132mg,0.267mmole)用1.0N LiOH(0.32ml,1.2eq.)进行处理,在室温下氩气中对混合物搅拌4.0小时。可见到白色沉淀物。用水稀释混合物,过滤,滤液在真空中蒸发干燥。剩留物在HP-20树脂(100ml床)上用色谱法分离,用H2O/CH3CN线性梯度系统洗脱。合并产品液份,蒸发后,用水提取,通过0.4μm聚碳酸膜过滤,冷冻干燥后产生108mg(79%以水合物重量为基础)所需的标题锂盐,为白色固体。
TLC(20∶1∶1)CH2Cl2-CH3OH-HOAc,Rf=0.41,U.V.和PMA。
C19H18O7Cl2Fli P+1.42moles H2O(MW511.72)
分析计算:C,44.59;H,4.10;Cl,13.86;F,3.71;P,6.05
实测:C,44.22;H,4.09;Cl,13.91;F,3.72;P,6.11
H1NMR(400MHz)
2.26-2.45ppm(2H,m,-CH(OH)CH2CO2Li)
3.63
JHP-11Hz)
4.23(1H,m,(-CH2CH(OH)CH2CO2Li)
5.16(2H,s,F-PhCH2O)
5.24(2H,d,ArCH2OP,JHP=6.2Hz)
7.13-7.53(6H,m,芳基H′s)
例5
(3S)-4-〔〔〔2,4-二氯-6-〔(4-氟苯基)-甲氧基〕苯基〕甲氧基〕羟基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,二锂盐
在二氧杂环己烷(4.0ml)中例4D部份的二酯(210mg,0.424mmole)混合物用1.0NLiOH(1.30ml,3.0eq.)进行处理,无色液体在50℃温度中氩气里加热3.5小时,15分钟后可见白色沉淀。用水稀释混合物,过滤,滤液在真空中蒸发。剩余物溶解于最小量水中,在HP-20树脂(100ml床)上进行色谱法分离,用H2O/CH3CN线性梯度系统洗脱。合并产品的液份。剩余物在水(50ml)中提取,通过0.4μm聚碳酸酯膜过滤冷冻干燥后产生175mg(81%以水合物重量为基础)所需的标题二锂盐,为白色固体。
TLC(8∶1∶1)CH2Cl2-CH3OH-HOAc,Rf=0.07,U.V.和PMA。
分析计算:C18H16O7Cl2FLi2P+1.70moles H2O(MW509.62):
C,42.42;H,3.84;F,3.73;Cl,13.91;P,6.08
实测:C,42.46;H,3.90;F,3.93;Cl,13.42;P,5.66
H1MNR(400MHz)
δ1.73-1.92ppm(2H,m, (OLi)-CH2CH(OH)-
2.27(1H,dd,-CH(OH)CH2CO2Li,JHH=8.8Hz)
2.39(1H,dd,-CH(OH)CH2CO2Li,JHH=4.4Hz)
4.26(1H,m,CH2CH(OH)CH2CO2Li)
5.08(2H,s,F-Ph-CH2OAr)
7.03-7.53(6H,m,芳基H′s)
例6
(3S)-4-〔〔2,4-二氯-6-〔(4-氟苯基)甲氧基〕-苯基〕甲氧基〕甲基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
A.(S)-3-〔〔(1,1-二甲基乙基)二苯基甲硅烷基〕-氧基〕-4-(乙氧基甲基氧膦基)丁酸,甲酯
在甲基二乙氧基膦(Strem化学公司5.0g,36.7mmole)中例1E(3)部份的碘化物(4.68g,9.18mmole)在100℃(油浴)温度下加热2.5小时,然后在150℃温度下氩气中再加热3小时。在黄色溶液中慢慢形成白色沉淀物。多余膦在真空(0.5mmHg)中蒸馏掉,粗产品在硅胶上用急骤色谱法提纯,用(65∶35)己烷-丙酮洗脱。合并产品液份,蒸发后产生1.590g(38%)所需的标题膦酸酯(非对映体混合物),为清净粘油。
TLC(3∶2)己烷-丙酮,Rf(2非对映体)=0.19和0.22,U.V.和PMA。
B.(3S)-4-〔〔2,4-二氯-6-〔(4-氟基-苯基)甲氧基〕苯基〕甲氧基〕甲基-氧膦基〕-3-叔-丁二苯基甲硅烷基-丁酸,甲酯
在干CH2Cl2(6.0ml)中的A部份膦酸酯(605mg,1.3mmole)溶液用双(三甲基甲硅烷)三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)(280μl,1.05mmole,0.8eq.)和三甲基甲硅烷溴化物(TMSBr)(210μl,1.57mmole,1.2eq.)进行处理,得到的溶液在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。加入5%KHSO4(15ml),用EtOAc萃取混合物。用盐水清洗有机层,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,在真空中蒸发产生粗膦酸,为无色油。
在干CH2Cl2(6.0ml)中的粗膦酸(~1.3mmole)溶液用蒸馏过的三甲基甲硅烷二乙胺(270μl,1.44mmole,1.1eq.),将清净的混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌1.0小时。混合物在真空中蒸发,再用苯(1×15ml)驱除,在真空中干燥。
在干CH2Cl2(6.0ml)和DMF(一滴)中冷却(0℃,冰浴)的粗甲硅烷基化的膦酸(~1.3mmole)溶液用蒸馏过的乙二酰氯(130μl,1.44mmole,1.1eq.)用注射器一滴滴处理。可见气体逸出。在室温下氩气中搅拌该混合物1小时,然后在真空中蒸发,再用苯(2×15ml)驱除,并在真空中干燥产生粗膦基氯化物,为黄色油。
膦基氯化物(~1.3mmole)和例1E(6)部分的醇(392mg,1.3mmole)在干CH2Cl2(6.0ml)中的冷却(0℃,冰浴)溶液用Et3N(275μl,1.97mmole,1.5eq.)和4DMAP(16mg,0.13mmole,0.1eq.)进行处理,得到的黄色混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。混合物在5%KHSO4和EtOAc中分配,用盐水清洗有机相,在无水Na2SO4中干燥蒸发后产生908mg粗产品,为深黄色油。粗产品在硅胶(45g)上用急骤色谱法提纯,用(3∶2)己烷-EtOAc洗脱。合并产品液份,蒸发后产生266mg(28.3%)所需的标题产品,洗净、无色油。同时回收197mg(57%正确产量)的原料醇。
C.(3S)-4-〔〔2,4-二氯-6-〔(4-氟基-苯基)甲氧基〕苯基〕甲氧基〕甲基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
在干THF(6.0ml)中B部份的甲硅烷酯(275mg,0.38mmole)用冰HOAc(90μl,1.53mmole,4.0eq.)和在THF中的四丁铵氟化物(1.2ml,3.1eq.)进行处理。得到的溶液在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。混合物在冷水和EtOAc中的分配,用饱和NaHCO3和盐水清洗有机相,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生258mg黄色油。粗产品用LPS-1硅胶(8g)急骤色谱法提纯,用(1∶1)己烷-丙酮洗脱。合并产品液分,蒸发后产生142mg(77%)所需的标题醇,为纯净无色油。TLC(1∶1)己烷-丙酮,Rf=0.20,U.V.和PMA。
D.(3S)-4-〔〔2,4-二氯-6-〔(4-氟基-苯基)甲氧基〕苯基〕甲氧基〕甲基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,单锂盐
在二氧杂环己烷(3.0ml)中的C部份甲酯(142mg,0.296mmole)溶液用1.0N LiOH(0.36ml,1.2eq.)进行处理,产生的白色悬浮液在室温下搅拌2.0小时,用H2O稀释混合物,通过0.4μm聚碳酸酯膜过滤,滤液在真空中蒸发。粗产品溶解于最少量水中,并在100ml HP-20树脂床上色谱分离,用H2O/CH3CN线性梯度洗脱。合并产品液份,蒸发。剩余物在水中提取,通过聚碳酸酯膜过滤,冷冻干燥,产生93mg(63%以水合物重量为基础)所需的标题锂盐,为白色固体。
TLC(8∶1∶1)CH2Cl2-CH3OH-HOAc,Rf=0.51,U.V.和PMA。
分析计算:C19H19O7Cl2FLiP+1.38moles H2O(MW495.94):
C,46.01;H,4.42;F,3.83;Cl,14.30;P,6.24
实测:C,46.10;H,4.49;F,3.82;Cl,14.32;P,6.43
H1NMR(400MHz):
2.27(1H,dd,-CH(OH)CH2CO2Li,JHH=8.4Hz,JH-P=1.1Hz)
2.38(1H,dd,-CH(OH)CH2COLi,JHH=4.7Hz,JH-P=1.1Hz)
4.29(1H,m,-CH2CH(OH)CH2CO2Li)
5.16-5.18(4H,m,ArCH2OP和F-PhCH2O)-)
7.11-7.52(6H,m,芳基)
例7
(S)-4-〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基〔1,1′-二苯基-2-基〕甲基〕氨基〕甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-羟基-丁酸,单锂盐
A.4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-羧酸
在丙酮(10.0ml)中例1C(2)部份的醛(1.0g,4.13mmole)溶液在0℃(冰浴)用琼斯试剂(4.1ml,过量)一滴滴进行处理,得到的棕缘色悬浮液在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。剩余氧化剂用加入的异丙醇(10.0ml)加以破坏,通过1/4″塞里塑料垫板,除去沉淀的铬盐。滤液蒸发,在EtOAc中提取,用1.0N HCl(2X),饱和NH4Cl(2X)和盐水清洗,然后在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生1.011g绿色固体,m.p.153-154℃。
粗酸通过二环己胺盐提纯。将二环己胺(DCHA)(823μl,1.0eq.)加入在ErOAc(5.0ml)中的粗酸溶液。用己烷稀释溶液,将沉淀的结晶盐收集起来,产生997mg(55%来自醛,m.p.181-183℃)所需的产品,为灰白结晶DCHA盐。
将在5%KHSO4和EtOAc中分配而从DCHA盐中再生标题的游离酸。用盐水清洗有机相,在无水Na2SO4上干燥。在真空中蒸发,产生554mg(52%来自醛)所需的标题酸。
TLC(9∶1)CH Cl -CH OH,Rf=0.37 U.V.和PMA
B.4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-羧酰胺
在干CH2Cl2(6.0ml)和干DMF(1滴)中A部份的酸(554mg,2.14mmole)悬浮液在0℃(冰浴)用蒸馏过的乙二酰氯(205μl,2.35mmole,1.1eq.)用注射器一滴滴进行处理。纯清,黄色溶液在室温下氩气中搅拌1小时,混合液在真空中蒸发,然后用苯(2X)驱除,在真空中干燥产生粗酰基氯,为黄色油。
THF(3.0ml)和浓缩NH4OH(2.0ml,超量)的冷却(0℃,冰浴)混合物,用粗酰基氯THF溶液(3.0ml)加以处理,产生的亮橙色溶液在室温下氩气中搅拌1.0小时。混合物在水和EtOAc中分配,用饱和NaHCO3,H2O和盐水清洗有机相,然后在无水Na2SO4上干燥,蒸发后产生528mg(96.1%)粗酰胺,为浅橙色固体。由EtOAc-己烷再结晶一次产生435mg(79.1%)纯的标题酰胺,为浅黄色针状结晶,m.p.197-198℃。TLC(1∶1)Et2O-丙酮,Rf=0.83,U.V.和PMA。
C.4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-甲胺
干THF(5.0ml)的冷却溶液(0℃冰浴)用固态LiAlH(125mg,3.3mmole)加以处理,灰色悬浮液用在THF(5.0ml)中的B部份酰胺(424mg,1.65mmole)一滴滴进行处理历时5分钟。产生悬浮液在室温下氩气中搅拌2.5小时,然后回流45分钟。得到的混合物冷却至0℃(冰浴)并一滴滴加入125μl水,125μl 15% NaOH和375μl水使骤冷。在填充塞里塑料上通过无水Na2SO4过滤除去沉淀的金属盐。净滤液在真空中蒸发产生粗胺,为净油。TLC(7∶3)Et2O-丙酮,Rf=0.60,U.V.和PMA。胺提纯后为HCl盐。
在无水EtOH(8.0ml)中粗胺溶液用浓缩HCl(152μl,1.82mmole)进行处理,得到混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌15分钟。混合物在真空中蒸发产生白色结晶固体。用冷Et2O研制固体,经过滤加以收集,在真空中干燥产生426mg(92.4%)标题胺-HCl,为细白晶体。
D.(S)-4-〔〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基-〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基〕甲基〕氨基〕-甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-叔-丁基二苯基-甲硅烷氧基丁酸,甲酯
在干CH2Cl2(50ml)中的例1E(6)部分甲酯(~2.0mmole)溶液。用蒸馏过的三甲基甲硅烷基二乙胺(758μl,4.0mmole,2.0eq.)进行处理,净混合物在室温及氩气中搅拌1小时,将混合物在真空中蒸发,再用苯(1×15ml)驱除,在真空中干燥。
于干CH2Cl2(7.0ml)和DMF(1滴)中粗甲硅烷磷酸酯冷却(0℃)溶液,用蒸馏过的二酰氯(192μl,2.2mmole,1.1eq.)一滴滴进行处理。净黄色混合物的气体逸出很明显。在室温下将溶液搅拌1小时,在真空中蒸发,再用苯(2×15ml),再在真空干燥,产生粗膦基氯,为黄色粘油。
在干CH2Cl2(10ml)中膦基氯化物和C部份的二甲苯胺HCl(4.6mg,1.49mmole)溶液用Et3N(641μl,4.6mmole,2.3eq.)和4-DMAP(24mg,0.2mmole,0.1eq.)加以处理,得到的净黄色混合物在室温下氩气中搅拌一夜。混合物在5%KHSO4和EtOAc中分配,用盐水清洗有机相,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,在真空中蒸发产生1.19g黄油。粗产品在硅胶(60g)上用急骤色谱法提纯,用(7∶3)己烷-丙酮洗脱。蒸发产品的液份产生588mg(59.5%)所需的膦酸酰胺,为淡黄色粘油。
TLC(7∶3)己烷-丙酮,Rf=0.20,U.V.和PMA。
E.(S)-4-〔〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基-〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基〕甲基〕氨基〕-甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
在干THF(10.0ml)中D部份的甲硅烷醚(588mg,0.888mmole)溶液,用冰HOAc(203μl,3.55mmole,4.0eq.)和四丁铵氟化物THF1.0M溶液(2.66ml,2.66mmole,3.0eq.)进行处理,得到的溶液在室温下,氩气中搅拌一夜。将混合物倒入冷水中,用EtOAc萃取。用饱和NaHCO3和盐水清洗有机相,在无水Na2SO4上干燥,在真空中蒸发,产生605mg橙色油。粗产品在硅胶(36g)上用急骤色谱法提纯,用(1∶1)己烷-丙酮洗脱。合并产品液份,蒸发后产生196mg(50.4%)所需的标题醇,为浅橙色油。
TLC(1∶1)己烷-丙酮,Rf=0.16,U.V.和PMA。
F.(S)-4-〔〔〔〔4′-氟基-3,3′,5-三甲基-〔1,1′-二苯基〕-2-基〕甲基〕氨基〕-甲氧基氧膦基〕-3-羟基丁酸,甲酯
在二氧杂环己烷(2.0ml)中E部份的二酯(105mg,0.240mmole)溶液用1.0N LiOH(288μl,1.2eq.)进行处理,得到的白色悬浮液在室温下氩气中搅拌4.0小时。用水稀释混合物,过滤,将滤液在真空中蒸发。剩余物在HP-20(100ml床树脂上的色谱法分离,用H2O/CH3CN线性梯度系统洗脱。合并产品液份,蒸发。剩余物在H2O(50ml)中提取,通过0.4μm聚碳酸酯膜过滤,冷冻干燥产生70mg(62.7%,以水合物重量为基础)所需的标题锂盐,为白色固体。
TLC(20∶1∶1)CH2Cl2-CH3OH-HOAc,Rf=0.19 U.V.和PMA
分析计算C21H26NO5PFLi+2.41moles H2O(MW472.75):
C,53.35;H,6.57;N,2.96;F,4.02;P,6.55
实测:C,53.35;H,6.52;N,2.98;F,4.05;P,6.59
H1NMR(400MHz):
2.26-2.44ppm(2H,m,-CH2CO2Li
2.29(3H,s,芳基甲基)
2.31(3H,d,芳基甲基α到氟,JHF=1.4Hz)
2.47(3H,芳基甲基)
3.46 &
3.50(3H,2双重谱线,2个非对映体,JHP=10.5Hz)
4.17(1H,m,(-CH2CH(OH)CH2CO2Li)
6.84-7.21(5H,m,芳基质子)
例8至20
按照迄今描述的方法和以前讲过的操作实例,可制备下列另一些化合物
例21
(S)-4-二异丙氧基氧膦基)-3-〔〔(1,1-二甲基-乙基)二苯基甲硅烷基)氧基〕-丁酸,甲酯
例1E(3)部分碘化物(4.51mmol.,21.70g)在高度真空中搅拌30分钟。将新蒸馏的三异丙基亚磷酸酯(0.451mol.,93.92g,113.37ml)一次加入,反应混合物在氩气中搅拌并在155℃油浴中加热16.5小时,然后将混合物冷却至室温。剩余三异丙基亚磷酸酯和挥发反应产品用短程蒸馏(10mmHg)再以Kugelrohr蒸馏法(0.5mmHg,100℃,8小时)蒸馏除去。再通过急骤色谱法(95mm直径柱,6″/Merck硅胶,6/3/1己烷/丙酮/甲苯洗脱液,2″/分流速,50ml液份)提纯,产生17.68g(33.96mmol,75%产量)标题异丙基磷酸酯,为净粘油。
TLC:硅胶Rf=0.32(6∶3∶1己烷/丙酮/甲苯)
1HNMR:(270MHz,CDCl3)
δ7.70-7.65(m,4H)
7.45-7.35(m,6H)
4.57-4.44(m,3H)
3.59(s,3H)
2.94和2.88(2xd,1H J=3.7Hz)
2.65和2.60(2xd,1H J=7.4Hz)
2.24-1.87(m系列,2H)
1.19和1.12(2xd,12H,J=6.3Hz)
1.01(s,9H)
例22
S)-4-(羟基甲氧基氧膦基)-3-〔〔(1,1-二甲基-乙基)二苯基甲硅烷基〕氧基〕丁酸,甲酯,二环己胺(1∶1)盐
在80ml干CH2Cl2中将例21中的异丙基磷酸酯(30.5mmol,10.66g)在室温下氩气中搅拌,得到的溶液用双三甲基甲硅烷基三氟乙酰胺(BSTFA)(32.8mmol,8.44g,8.71ml)一滴滴(5分钟)处理,然后滴加三甲基甲硅烷溴化物(TMSBr)(51.3mmol,7.84g,6.75ml)。在室温下搅拌20小时后,用200ml 5%含水KHSO4使混合物骤冷,强力搅拌15分钟。用乙酸乙酯萃取含水层3次。合并有机萃取物,用盐水洗1次,在Na2SO4上干燥,在真空内浓缩。剩余物用50ml甲苯共沸2次。形成的沉淀物在甲苯内悬浮,过滤,滤液浓缩,重复共沸/过滤过程。得到的滤液在真空内蒸发,然后在高度真空中抽放5小时。得到的纯清粘油在氩气内室温下在50ml于吡啶内搅拌。用二环己基碳化二亚胺(DCC)(22.6mmol,4.65g)一次处理得到的溶液,然后加入甲醇(41.0mmol,1.31g,1.67ml)。在室温下搅拌20小时后,反应混合物通过塞里塑料垫板在烧结玻板漏斗内过滤。用乙酸乙酯清洗塑料,合并的滤液在真空中蒸发,剩余物重新溶解于乙酸乙酯内,并用5%含水KHSO4清洗2次,用盐水清洗1次。有机萃取物在Na2SO4上干燥,过滤,滤液浓缩,用甲苯共沸2次,在甲苯内悬浮,过滤,得到的滤液再浓缩,共沸,过滤,得到的滤液在高度真空内放6小时,产生磷酸单酯,为净粘油(10.2g,>100%产量)。TLC∶硅胶Rf=0.50(7∶2∶1)nPrOH/NH4OH/H2O)。磷酸单酯〔1.21g在真空中注入4小时,产生1.16g(2.57mmol)〕溶解于10ml干乙醚中并用二环己基碳化二亚胺(2.65mmol,0.481g 0.528ml)一滴滴处理。产生的匀液在室温下存放7小时产生大的结晶物。混合物在-20℃存放16小时然后加热至室温,过滤。用冷干乙醚清洗结晶物,然后在高真空的P2O5中抽放18小时。然后再将结晶物抽入45℃真空中4小时,产生1.25g(1.98mmol,77%产量)标题的二环己胺,为白色粉状固体,m.p.155-156℃。TLC∶硅胶Rf=0.57(20%MeOH/CH2Cl2)HNMR:(270MHz,CDCl3)
δ7.71-7.65(m,4H)
7.40-7.32(m,6H)
4.02(m,1H)
3.52(s,3H)
3.28和3.22(m,1H)
3.11(d,3H J=11Hz)
2.77-2.64(m,2H)
2.62-2.56(m,1H)
1.92-1.08(m 系列,22H)
1.00(s,9H)
质谱:(FAB)632(M & H)+
IR:(KBr)3466-3457(宽)
3046,3016,2997,2937,2858,2836,2798,2721,2704,2633,2533,2447,1736,1449,1435,1426,1379,1243,1231,1191,1107,1074,1061,1051,
820 CM-1
分析计算C22H31O6PSi·C12H23N:C,64.63;H,8.61;N,2.22
实测:C,64.51;H,8.49;N,2.18
Claims (8)
2、根据权利要求1的方法,其中的疏水固着基团是亲油脂基团,当这个基团通过适当的连接物(X)连接到分子的HMG类似物上部侧链时这个亲油脂基团是结合到没有用来与底物HMG CoA结合的酶的疏水罩上,由此而引起与Z=H的化合物相关的效能加强。
6、根据权利要求4的方法,所形成的化合物的名称为:
(S)-4-[[[4′-氟-3,3′,5-三甲基[1,1′-二苯基]-2-基]甲氧基]甲氧基氧膦基]-3-羟基-丁酸,甲基酯或其单锂盐,
(S)-4-[[[4′-氟-3,3′,5-三甲基[1,1′-二苯基]-2-基]甲氧基]羟基氧膦基]-3-羟基丁酸,二锂盐,
(3S)-4-[[[4′-氟-3,3′,5-三甲基[1,1′-二苯基]-2-基]甲氧基]甲基氧膦基]-3-羟基丁酸,单锂盐,
(S)-4-[[[2,4-二氯-6-[(4-氟苯基)-甲氧基]苯基]甲氧基]甲氧基氧膦基]-3-羟基丁酸,单锂盐,
(3S)-4-[[[2,4-二氯-6-[(4-氟苯基)-甲氧基]-苯基]甲氧基]羟基氧膦基]-3-羟基丁酸,二锂盐,
(3S)-4-[[[2,4-二氯-6-[(4-氟苯基)-甲氧基]苯基]甲氧基]甲基氧膦基]-3-羟基丁酸或它的甲基酯或
(S)-4-[[[4′-氟-3,3′,5-三甲基[1,1′-二苯基-2-基]甲基]氨基]甲氧基氧膦基]-3-羟基丁酸,单锂盐。
7、一种具有如下式结构的中间体包括它的所有的立体异构体,
式中Ra是低级烷基或低级烷氧基。
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US5328187A | 1987-05-22 | 1987-05-22 | |
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CN (1) | CN88103091A (zh) |
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CN104610262A (zh) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-13 | 上海医药工业研究院 | 联苯类化合物、中间体、制备方法、药物组合物及其应用 |
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CN104610262A (zh) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-05-13 | 上海医药工业研究院 | 联苯类化合物、中间体、制备方法、药物组合物及其应用 |
CN104610262B (zh) * | 2013-11-01 | 2017-06-06 | 上海医药工业研究院 | 联苯类化合物、中间体、制备方法、药物组合物及其应用 |
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